US3301305A - Combustion apparatus for a boiler - Google Patents

Combustion apparatus for a boiler Download PDF

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Publication number
US3301305A
US3301305A US506504A US50650465A US3301305A US 3301305 A US3301305 A US 3301305A US 506504 A US506504 A US 506504A US 50650465 A US50650465 A US 50650465A US 3301305 A US3301305 A US 3301305A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
spinning
combustion
cone
firepot
air
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US506504A
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English (en)
Inventor
J D Kimmel
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Vapor Corp
Original Assignee
Vapor Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Vapor Corp filed Critical Vapor Corp
Priority to US506504A priority Critical patent/US3301305A/en
Priority to GB30727/66A priority patent/GB1092589A/en
Priority to ES0330607A priority patent/ES330607A1/es
Priority to DE19661501949 priority patent/DE1501949A1/de
Priority to NL6615225A priority patent/NL6615225A/xx
Priority to DK574866AA priority patent/DK112265B/da
Priority to BE689306D priority patent/BE689306A/xx
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3301305A publication Critical patent/US3301305A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C7/00—Combustion apparatus characterised by arrangements for air supply
    • F23C7/002—Combustion apparatus characterised by arrangements for air supply the air being submitted to a rotary or spinning motion
    • F23C7/004—Combustion apparatus characterised by arrangements for air supply the air being submitted to a rotary or spinning motion using vanes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D11/00—Burners using a direct spraying action of liquid droplets or vaporised liquid into the combustion space

Definitions

  • This invention relate-s in general to a boiler or steam generator, and more particularly to a combustion apparatus for a boiler or steam generator, and still more particularly to a burner assembly for a combustion apparatus, and still more particularly to a burner assembly capable of providing proper combustion for heavy fuel oils, although other uses and purposes of the invention may be apparent to one skilled in the art.
  • the burner assembly of the present invention is adapted to be mounted on the head of a firepot and in alignment with a combustion throat in the head, and includes a holder for a single fuel nozzle to align the nozzle coaxially with the combustion throat, first and second means for mixing combustion air with a fuel spray atomized from the fuel nozzle, and means to provide an additional inlet for combustion air to prevent carbon build up.
  • the means for mixing combustion air with a fuel spray includes spinning cones for vigorously spinning the combustion air to help mix the air with the fuel and to also increase the length of combustion products travel before leaving the firepot.
  • the means for injecting the combustion air is arranged to cause the combustion gases to recirculate in the firepot to enhance fuel vaporization and combustion.
  • the burner assembly enables the burning of heavy fuel oils with small combustion volume.
  • Another object of this invention is in the provision of a combustion apparatus for a boiler that includes a burner assembly suitable for compact boilers and capable ofelfecting such complete combustion that the combustion products have low smoke readings.
  • a further object of the present invention is to provide a combustion apparatus for a boiler including a burner assembly that is structurally simple and inexpensive and capable of'providing a proper combustion with heavy fuel oils.
  • a still further object of this invention is in the provision of a combustion apparatus for a boiler including a burner assembly capable of providing proper atomization and vaporization of the fuel, and maximum travel of combustion gases before leaving the firepot.
  • FIG. 1 is an end elevational view of a combustion apparatus according to the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken substantially along line 22 of FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 3 is an enlarged sectional view of the burner assembly according to the invention and showing its relationship with the firepot;
  • FIG. 4 is an elevational view of the burner assembly in FIG. 3 looking at it while facing the firepot;
  • FIG. 5 is an enlarged side elevational view, partly broken away and showing some parts in section of the main spinning cone employed in the burner assembly according to the invention
  • FIG. 6 is a fragmentary view of the spinning cone in FIG. 5 and looking in the direction of the arrows 6-6 of FIG. 5;
  • FIG. 7 is a diametrical sectional view taken through the secondary spinning cone of the burner according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 8 is a fragmentary view of the spinning cone of FIG. 7 and looking in the direction of the arrows 8-8 of FIG. 7.
  • the combustion apparatus is generally indicated by the numeral 10, which includes generally a firepot 11 and a burner assembly 12 arranged within a plenum housing 13.
  • the combustion apparatus 10 includes an attachment flange 14 for attaching same to a coil housing of a boiler or steam generator.
  • the plenum housing 13 includes an air inlet 15 adapted to be connected to a positive source of pressure such as that generated by a blower, and defines with the firepot 11 a plenum chamber 16 through which air is conveyed to the burner assembly 12.
  • the plenum housing 13 includes a somewhat cylindrical section 17 surrounding the firepot 11 enclosed at the discharge end of the firepot by an annular end wall 18, and at the burner end of the firepot by an end wall 19.
  • the firepot 11 includes a refractory lined cylindrical shell 20 with a dome-shaped head 21 at one end and a choke 22 at the other end, and defining threin a combustion chamber 23.
  • the burner assembly 12 is mounted on the firepot head 21 and aligned with a combustion throat 24 extending therethrough, whereby combustion gases are generated by the burner assembly 12 within the combustion chamber 24 and delivered through the choke 22 to a coil housing.
  • the burner assembly 12 includes generally an annular mounting ring 25, having extending therefrom a plurality of mounting tubes 26, that receive a main spinning cone 27, a secondary spinning cone 28 separated therefrom by a spacer ring 29, a refractory cone 30, a sight glass mounting tube 31, a fuel nozzle mounting tube 32, and a pilot burner and scanner mounting tube 33.
  • a plurality of short rods 34 are suitably secured to the firepot head 21 and extend therefrom to be received in openings 35 formed in the mounting ring 25 which also includes set screws 36 for securing the ring to the rods.
  • the mounting ring 25 is arranged in slightly spaced relation to the firepot head to define therebetween an air gap 37 that is preferably of a distance to provide the proper air distribution around the inside of the firepot head.
  • the mounting tubes 26 extend from the ring 25 and are suitably secured thereto such as by welding or the like.
  • the inner peripheral edge of the ring 25 is sized to be substantially coincident with the combustion throat 24.
  • the main spinning cone 27 and the secondary spinning cone 28 are essentially frusto-conical in shape although they are customarily called spinning cones in the combination of a burner.
  • the main spinning cone 27 includes an upper or inner cone 38 and a lower or outer cone 39 spaced apart by a plurality of spinning vanes 40, and defining therebetween an air inlet passage 41.
  • the spinning vanes 40 are suitably secured to the upper and lower cones such as by welding or the like to provide a single unit 27 defining the main spinning cone.
  • the upper and lower cones 38 and39 are at a 45 angle with the horizontal as indicated by the arrow 42, and it should be appreciated that this angle may vary slightly and still obtain the desired result. While it is preferred that the angle be at 45,
  • the vanes 40 are arranged between the upper and lower cones so that they form about a angle with a tangent on the inner cone 38, as indicated by the arrow 43 in FIG. 6.
  • Aligned sets of holes 44 and '45 are provided in the upper and lower cones, respectively, for mounting the spinning cone on the mounting tubes 26.
  • the secondary spinning cone 28 similarly includes upper or inner and lower or outer cones 46 and 47, respectively, separated by a plurality of spinning vanes 48, the cones being held together by being secured to the vanes and thereby coacting therewith to define a single unit.
  • the cones 46 and 47 are inclined about 15 from the horizontal as indicated by the arrow 49, and the spinning vanes 48 are inclined about 15 from a tangent formed along the inner periphery of the lower cone 47 as indicated by the arrow 50.
  • a plurality of sets of aligned mounting holes 51 and 52 are provided in the upper and lower cones 46 and 47, respectively so that the spinning cone 28 can be received on the mounting tubes 26.
  • the cones 46 and 47 define an air inlet passage 53.
  • the main spinning cone 27 is sized to inject a greater amount of air than the secondary cone 28- and at a different angle. Further, the discharge end of the air inlet passages 41 is radially inward from the discharge end of the air passage inlet 53.
  • the spacer ring 29 separates the main spinning cone from the secondary spinning cone as seen in FIG. 3, and may be suitably secured to these cones such as by welding, if desired.
  • the outer open end of the main spinning cone 27 is closed by the refractory cone 30 lined with refractory 54, and through which extend the mounting tubes 31, 32 and 33.
  • the mounting tube 31 coacts with a sight glassunit 55 as seen in FIGS. 1, 2 and 3, which extends outward of and is accessible outside of the end Wall 19 of the plenum housing 13.
  • a pilot burner and scanner unit 56 extends outward of the end wall 19 and is associated with the mounting tube 33.
  • the fuel nozzle mounting tube 32 extends outward and through the end wall 19 to receive therein a single fuel nozzle 57 that is positioned so that its fuel discharge end terminates approximately coincident with the discharge end of the spinning cones 27 and 28. Further air openings 58 are provided in the fuel nozzle mounting tube 32 within the plenum chamber to allow air to enter the mounting tube behind the terminal end of the fuel nozzle.
  • the method of construction of the burner assembly is such that all metal parts are air-cooled and allows most metal parts to be of mild steel.
  • the only parts not constructed of mild steel include the spinning vanes 40 in the spinning cone Z7 and the spacer ring 29, these being preferably made of 16 gauge Inconel.
  • the fuel nozzle holder 32 extends through the plenum chamber, it allows the fuel nozzle 57 to be set and not changed when the combustion chamber expands due to heating.
  • pressurized air is delivered to the plenum chamber to feed the spinning cones and the air gap 37, while pressurized fuel is delivered from the fuel nozzle 57 to be atomized within the firepot.
  • the combustion is directed by the main spinning cone 27 to blast the nozzle fuel spray and impact a vigorous spin thereto to help mix the fuel and air.
  • the smaller spinning cone 28 is used to increase the spinning action and also to catch any fuel spray that might get through the first blast of air delivered by the spinning cone 27.
  • the spinning action also increases the length of fuel or combustion products travel before leaving the firepot to assure more complete combustion. Thus, all of the combustion air is mixed with the fuel spray atomized from the nozzle 57.
  • the air delivered through the gap 37 will be spun but not as vigorously as the air delivered through the spinning cones and will be thrown out against the firepot top to prevent fuel rich spots for carbon to build.
  • This air also provides an air flow across the top of the firepot head which protects against overheating.
  • a vortex 59 is created by the spinning air and defines a low pressure zone that causes the combustion gases to recirculate, as shown by the hollow arrows, which provides fast vaporization that helps the combustion.
  • the solid arrows show air flow movement.
  • a burner assembly adapted to be mounted on a firepot and in alignment with .a combustion throat thereof, said burner assembly comprising a tubular holder for a fuel nozzleaxially aligned with said combustion throat, a main spinning cone extending at a substantially 45 angle to a plane intersecting at right angles the axis of said holder and throat for directing a spinning blast of air toward the fuel spray discharged from anozzle received in said holder, a secondary spinning cone extending at a substantially 15 angle to a plane intersecting at right angles the axis of said holder and throat for directing a second spinning :blastof air toward the fuel spray and being spaced closer to said firepot than said main spinning cone, the main spinning cone being larger than said secondary spinning cone to thereby discharge a larger blast of air, and means for spacing the cones a slight distance from the firepot to define therebetween a small air gap.
  • each .of said spinning cones includes inner and outer frustoconical sections interconnected by a plurality of spinning 3.
  • each spinning vane of said main spinning cone extends at a substantially 15 angleto a tangent along the innermost periphery of the inner frusto-conical section thereof.
  • each spinning vane of said secondary spinning cone extends at a substantially. 15 angle to a tangent along the innermost periphery of the inner frusto-com'cal section thereof.
  • each spinning vane of each spinning cone extends at a substantially 15 angle to a tangent along the innermost periphery of the inner frusto-conical section thereof.
  • a combustion apparatus including .a firepot having a burner assembly mounted thereon and arranged within a plenum housing to define a plenum chamber therewith, the firepot including a cylindrical shell having a dome-shaped head atone end with a combustion throat extending centrally therethrough and a choke at the otherend thereof coacting with the shell and head to define a combustion chamber, the burner assembly being mounted on the firepot head in alignment with said combustion throat, said burner assembly comprising, a tubular fuel nozzle holder extending axially with said combustion throat and receiving a fuel nozzle therein, the nozzle end of which terminates in slightly spaced relation to said combustion throat, a main spinning cone extending at a substantially 45 angle to a plane intersecting at right angles the axis of said holder and throat for directing a spinning blast of air toward the fuel spray discharged from a nozzle received in said holder, a secondary spinning cone extending
  • each of said spinning cones includes inner and outer frusto-conical sections interconnected by a pluhality oi spinning vanes, and each spinning vane of each cone extending at a substantially 15 angle to a tangent along the innermost periphery of the inner frusto-conical section thereof.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Pressure-Spray And Ultrasonic-Wave- Spray Burners (AREA)
  • Gas Burners (AREA)
US506504A 1965-11-05 1965-11-05 Combustion apparatus for a boiler Expired - Lifetime US3301305A (en)

Priority Applications (7)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US506504A US3301305A (en) 1965-11-05 1965-11-05 Combustion apparatus for a boiler
GB30727/66A GB1092589A (en) 1965-11-05 1966-07-08 Burner assembly for use with a boiler or steam generator
ES0330607A ES330607A1 (es) 1965-11-05 1966-08-26 Un dispositivo quemador dispuesto para ser montado en una caja de fuego.
DE19661501949 DE1501949A1 (de) 1965-11-05 1966-10-07 Brennvorrichtung fuer Kessel
NL6615225A NL6615225A (de) 1965-11-05 1966-10-27
DK574866AA DK112265B (da) 1965-11-05 1966-11-04 Forbrændingsapparat til kedler.
BE689306D BE689306A (de) 1965-11-05 1966-11-04

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US506504A US3301305A (en) 1965-11-05 1965-11-05 Combustion apparatus for a boiler

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3301305A true US3301305A (en) 1967-01-31

Family

ID=24014863

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US506504A Expired - Lifetime US3301305A (en) 1965-11-05 1965-11-05 Combustion apparatus for a boiler

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US3301305A (de)
BE (1) BE689306A (de)
DE (1) DE1501949A1 (de)
DK (1) DK112265B (de)
ES (1) ES330607A1 (de)
GB (1) GB1092589A (de)
NL (1) NL6615225A (de)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3361181A (en) * 1965-05-13 1968-01-02 Vaillant Joh Kg Water heater with sealed gas burner
DE2120126A1 (de) * 1970-07-06 1972-01-20 Exxon Research Engineering Co Hochleistungsbrenner
US3746499A (en) * 1970-07-06 1973-07-17 Exxon Research Engineering Co Staged air burner with swirling auxiliary air flow
DE2301156A1 (de) * 1972-01-12 1973-07-19 Exxon Research Engineering Co Hochleistungsbrenner

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1290607A (en) * 1917-05-10 1919-01-07 Schutte & Koerting Company Air-register for oil-burners.
US1374682A (en) * 1920-03-08 1921-04-12 Reid John Oil-burning-furnace front
US2334314A (en) * 1941-04-21 1943-11-16 Sinclair Refining Co Fuel burner
AT218657B (de) * 1959-04-04 1961-12-11 Bayer Ag Vorrichtung zur Verbrennung von Öl mit hohem Kohlenstoff-Wasserstoff-Verhältnis

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1290607A (en) * 1917-05-10 1919-01-07 Schutte & Koerting Company Air-register for oil-burners.
US1374682A (en) * 1920-03-08 1921-04-12 Reid John Oil-burning-furnace front
US2334314A (en) * 1941-04-21 1943-11-16 Sinclair Refining Co Fuel burner
AT218657B (de) * 1959-04-04 1961-12-11 Bayer Ag Vorrichtung zur Verbrennung von Öl mit hohem Kohlenstoff-Wasserstoff-Verhältnis

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3361181A (en) * 1965-05-13 1968-01-02 Vaillant Joh Kg Water heater with sealed gas burner
DE2120126A1 (de) * 1970-07-06 1972-01-20 Exxon Research Engineering Co Hochleistungsbrenner
US3746499A (en) * 1970-07-06 1973-07-17 Exxon Research Engineering Co Staged air burner with swirling auxiliary air flow
FR2168772A6 (de) * 1970-07-06 1973-08-31 Exxon Research Engineering Co
DE2301156A1 (de) * 1972-01-12 1973-07-19 Exxon Research Engineering Co Hochleistungsbrenner

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DK112265B (da) 1968-11-25
DE1501949A1 (de) 1970-02-12
ES330607A1 (es) 1967-06-16
GB1092589A (en) 1967-11-29
BE689306A (de) 1967-04-14
NL6615225A (de) 1967-05-08

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