US330052A - Chaelbs e - Google Patents

Description

(No Model.)

0. E. SGRIBNER.

ELEGTRIUARG LAMP.

No. 330,052. Patented Nov. 1 1885 llIll )Ul Mum, A m, a w

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

CHARLES E. SCRIBNER, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, ASSIGNOR TO THE WESTERN ELECTRIC COMPANY, OF SAIWIE PLACE.

ELECTRIC-ARC LAMP.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 330,052, dated November 1885.

Application filed May 12, 1582. Serial No. 61,121. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, OHARLEs E. SORIENER, acitizen of the United States,and a resident of Chicago, in the county of Cook and State of 5 Illinois, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Electric Lamps, of which the following is a full, clear, concise, andexact description, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, forming apart of this specification.

My invention relates to the mechanism for regulating the feed of the carbon points of electric lamps; and it consists in the combinations hereinafter described and claimed.

1 In the drawings, Figure 1 is a front elevation of an electric lamp embodying my improvement. Fig. 2 is a section thereof on line Y x w of Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is-a detail view, partly in section, of the lifting and feeding clutches.

Like parts are indicated by similar letters of reference.

The standards a and a are insulated from the frame I), as indicated,by the bushing c and c. The carbon rod d is shown carrying the upper carbon, 6, and electrically connected with the frame. The lower carbon, 6, is supported in the usual manner, as shown. The lever f is pivoted at g to the lug, which forms apart of the frame. Upon this lever are carried the lifting-clutch h, .the feeding-clutch i, with its stop It, and the armature Z of the electro-magnet m. The armature Z is the core of helix a.

The circuit of the lamp may be traced in Fig. 1 as follows: From the hook 0 to the electro-magnet m, thence to frame I) and the carbon rod (1', as shown, thence in the usual manner through the carbon points 6 and e to the carbon-support, and by standard a and wire o 19 to hook q. A derived circuit shunting the arc passes through helix a to wire 1). WVhen the lever f is turned upon pivot g by attraction between magnet on and armature Z, the feedingclutch z and lifting-clutch h are raised. The lifting-clutch h consists of two friction-pieces,

h h, pivoted to the arms 1' 0*. When the lifting-clutch is raised,these arms are arrested by spring 8, which normally rests against stop it. The friction-pieces h h are thus brought 0 against the rod, clamping it with sufficient force to sustain its weight.

The carbon 6 is thus lifted and the are established. Until the arc is established there will be no current through the helix n, which is included in the shunt of the are. An increase of resistance in 5 5 the arc increases the current in the shunt-circuit. The current through helixn charges to a north polarity that end of the armature Z which is attracted by the north pole of the magnctm, and to a south polarity the end of the armature l which is attracted by the southpole of the magnet on. Thus anincrease of current through the helix 11 causes repulsion be tween the armature and the poles of the electromagnet m. As the carbon points are burned 6 5 away the resistance of the arc increases. Variations in the strength of the current also vary the resistance of the arc-that is, the stronger the current passing through an arc of any given length the less will be the resistance of said arc.

when many lamps are in the same circuit, there will be variations all the time in the strength of the circuit. Two independent causes will thus always be present which unite 7 5 in varying the resistance of the arc of any given lampthat is to say, first, the burning away of the carbons, and, second, the variations in the strength of the current passing through the arc. Continuous variations in the strength of the currents through magnet m and helix a cause attraction and repulsion, and the rod d is thus kept in continuous movement up and down.

If the carbon rod d were carried by the clutch it alone, it could not slip through said clutch until the lever f had descended to a point where spring 8 would rest upon the stop it, thus removing the friction of the pieces h h from the rod. This would occur were the 9 lamp to go out or the current to cease flow- 111g.

When the resistance of the arc is so great as to shunt sufficient current through the helix a, the armature-lever f will be moved down far enough to release the rod. The liftingclutch thus alone is sufficient to feed the carbon point, and a lamp which I have constructed on this plan, without the feeding-clutch, has worked successfully. I find, however, I00 the feeding-clutch a valuable part of my invention, and will describe the construction and operation more in detail. The feedingclutch'i is attached to the lever f,and pivoted, preferably, as shown,at screw it. The spring 1) normally holds the clutch i in the position shown, so as to clamp the rod.

The clamp being pivoted may always move downward with the rod a little way until the rod is released. The clutch therefore does not keep the rod from moving downward.

The lever f is pivoted at g. The greater the distance of any given point of the lever from this pivot g the greater distance will it move when the lever is turned upon this pivot. It follows, then,that when the clutch h is moved a given distance the clutch i will be moved in the same direction a greater distance, since the clutch i is carried by point a of the lever, which is farther from pivot 9 than is the point which carries the clutch h.

WVhen the leverf is raised,the lifting-clutch and rod are respectively carried the same distance, while the clutch t, which is free to slip upward upon the rod,is carried a greater disiance. If, now,the lever f descend the clutch t clamps the rod and moves it positively downward through the frictionjaws of clutch h. Thus it will be seen that the rod is fed positively a short distance at each complete vibration of the leverf, and as the leverf is in continuous vibration the carbon may be feeding all the time.

It is evident that if the feeding is more rapid than the consumption of the carbon points they would eventually be fed together. To prevent this I have provided the stop 70, which is so placed that when the lever f is lifted beyond a certain distance the clutch t will be arrested and its grip or hold upon the rod loosened.

The armature-leverfis in continuous vibration while the lamp is burning. Its field of vibration,however, varies up and down as the resistance of the are varies.

When the resistance of the are is at its minimum,the lever is at its maximum height. The clutch iis then arrested by stop 70 and does not feed the rod. Therefore the mini mum length of the are may be regulated by means of the stop.

It will be seen that the lever f at three different positions in its field of vibration performs different functions. At its lowest position it releases clutch h and allows the rod to fall; at its highest position it carries the rod simply without feeding, while at its intermediate position or portion of its field the rod is fed positively at each vibration.

1. The feeding-clutch pivoted to the vibrating armature-lever at u, in combination with the spring 12 and stop it, whereby the carbon may be fed positively, as and for the purpose specified.

2. The combination, with the rod and the lifting-liver pivoted at g, of the lifting-clutch and the feeding clutch, said feeding-clutch being linked to the said lever at a greater distance from pivot g than the lifting-clutch, whereby the rod is forced positively through the lifting-clutch by the differential action of the two clutches.

GEORGE P. BARTON, F. S. BAKER.

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