US3290147A - Electrophotographic organic photoconductors - Google Patents
Electrophotographic organic photoconductors Download PDFInfo
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- US3290147A US3290147A US300617A US30061763A US3290147A US 3290147 A US3290147 A US 3290147A US 300617 A US300617 A US 300617A US 30061763 A US30061763 A US 30061763A US 3290147 A US3290147 A US 3290147A
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- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- photoconductive
- electrophotographic
- sheet
- compounds
- paper
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- Expired - Lifetime
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- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000000123 paper Substances 0.000 description 13
- ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Butanone Chemical compound CCC(C)=O ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 11
- HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chloroform Chemical compound ClC(Cl)Cl HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 10
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 9
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical group N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 7
- CWLGEPSKQDNHIO-JOBJLJCHSA-N (e)-n-[(e)-benzylideneamino]-1-phenylmethanimine Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1/C=N/N=C/C1=CC=CC=C1 CWLGEPSKQDNHIO-JOBJLJCHSA-N 0.000 description 6
- -1 naphthyl radical Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 5
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 4
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 4
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 4
- PYWVYCXTNDRMGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N rhodamine B Chemical compound [Cl-].C=12C=CC(=[N+](CC)CC)C=C2OC2=CC(N(CC)CC)=CC=C2C=1C1=CC=CC=C1C(O)=O PYWVYCXTNDRMGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229940043267 rhodamine b Drugs 0.000 description 4
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dichloromethane Chemical compound ClCCl YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- CIUQDSCDWFSTQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N [C]1=CC=CC=C1 Chemical compound [C]1=CC=CC=C1 CIUQDSCDWFSTQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000000975 dye Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 238000003384 imaging method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000003254 radicals Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- SBUADOFQIFVSEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 1-ethyl-2-[(1-ethyl-6-methylquinolin-1-ium-4-yl)methylidene]-6-methylquinoline;iodide Chemical compound [I-].C1=CC2=CC(C)=CC=C2N(CC)C1=CC1=CC=[N+](CC)C2=CC=C(C)C=C12 SBUADOFQIFVSEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OAKJQQAXSVQMHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrazine Chemical compound NN OAKJQQAXSVQMHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NTIZESTWPVYFNL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl isobutyl ketone Chemical compound CC(C)CC(C)=O NTIZESTWPVYFNL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UIHCLUNTQKBZGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl isobutyl ketone Natural products CCC(C)C(C)=O UIHCLUNTQKBZGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920001328 Polyvinylidene chloride Polymers 0.000 description 2
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Vinyl acetate Chemical compound CC(=O)OC=C XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BZHJMEDXRYGGRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Vinyl chloride Chemical compound ClC=C BZHJMEDXRYGGRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc monoxide Chemical compound [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000005840 aryl radicals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- CEJANLKHJMMNQB-UHFFFAOYSA-M cryptocyanin Chemical compound [I-].C12=CC=CC=C2N(CC)C=CC1=CC=CC1=CC=[N+](CC)C2=CC=CC=C12 CEJANLKHJMMNQB-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000005660 hydrophilic surface Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 2
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000001624 naphthyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- QWYZFXLSWMXLDM-UHFFFAOYSA-M pinacyanol iodide Chemical compound [I-].C1=CC2=CC=CC=C2N(CC)C1=CC=CC1=CC=C(C=CC=C2)C2=[N+]1CC QWYZFXLSWMXLDM-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 239000005033 polyvinylidene chloride Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003595 spectral effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241001156002 Anthonomus pomorum Species 0.000 description 1
- 229920000877 Melamine resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 description 1
- BUGBHKTXTAQXES-UHFFFAOYSA-N Selenium Chemical compound [Se] BUGBHKTXTAQXES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001241 acetals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000002252 acyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920003090 carboxymethyl hydroxyethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000969 carrier Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000002209 hydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 1
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910010272 inorganic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011147 inorganic material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229960004592 isopropanol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N mercury Chemical compound [Hg] QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen group Chemical group [N] QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000018 nitroso group Chemical group N(=O)* 0.000 description 1
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-O oxonium Chemical compound [OH3+] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 1
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920002037 poly(vinyl butyral) polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002689 polyvinyl acetate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011118 polyvinyl acetate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000915 polyvinyl chloride Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004800 polyvinyl chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001289 polyvinyl ether Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 125000001453 quaternary ammonium group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000005871 repellent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002940 repellent Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052711 selenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011669 selenium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006104 solid solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003512 tertiary amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920005992 thermoplastic resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004408 titanium dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D295/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing polymethylene-imine rings with at least five ring members, 3-azabicyclo [3.2.2] nonane, piperazine, morpholine or thiomorpholine rings, having only hydrogen atoms directly attached to the ring carbon atoms
- C07D295/04—Heterocyclic compounds containing polymethylene-imine rings with at least five ring members, 3-azabicyclo [3.2.2] nonane, piperazine, morpholine or thiomorpholine rings, having only hydrogen atoms directly attached to the ring carbon atoms with substituted hydrocarbon radicals attached to ring nitrogen atoms
- C07D295/12—Heterocyclic compounds containing polymethylene-imine rings with at least five ring members, 3-azabicyclo [3.2.2] nonane, piperazine, morpholine or thiomorpholine rings, having only hydrogen atoms directly attached to the ring carbon atoms with substituted hydrocarbon radicals attached to ring nitrogen atoms substituted by singly or doubly bound nitrogen atoms
- C07D295/135—Heterocyclic compounds containing polymethylene-imine rings with at least five ring members, 3-azabicyclo [3.2.2] nonane, piperazine, morpholine or thiomorpholine rings, having only hydrogen atoms directly attached to the ring carbon atoms with substituted hydrocarbon radicals attached to ring nitrogen atoms substituted by singly or doubly bound nitrogen atoms with the ring nitrogen atoms and the substituent nitrogen atoms separated by carbocyclic rings or by carbon chains interrupted by carbocyclic rings
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C251/00—Compounds containing nitrogen atoms doubly-bound to a carbon skeleton
- C07C251/72—Hydrazones
- C07C251/88—Hydrazones having also the other nitrogen atom doubly-bound to a carbon atom, e.g. azines
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D263/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-oxazole or hydrogenated 1,3-oxazole rings
- C07D263/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-oxazole or hydrogenated 1,3-oxazole rings not condensed with other rings
- C07D263/30—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-oxazole or hydrogenated 1,3-oxazole rings not condensed with other rings having two or three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
- C07D263/34—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-oxazole or hydrogenated 1,3-oxazole rings not condensed with other rings having two or three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
- C07D263/36—One oxygen atom
- C07D263/42—One oxygen atom attached in position 5
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
- G03G5/00—Recording members for original recording by exposure, e.g. to light, to heat, to electrons; Manufacture thereof; Selection of materials therefor
- G03G5/02—Charge-receiving layers
- G03G5/04—Photoconductive layers; Charge-generation layers or charge-transporting layers; Additives therefor; Binders therefor
- G03G5/06—Photoconductive layers; Charge-generation layers or charge-transporting layers; Additives therefor; Binders therefor characterised by the photoconductive material being organic
- G03G5/0601—Acyclic or carbocyclic compounds
- G03G5/0612—Acyclic or carbocyclic compounds containing nitrogen
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
- G03G5/00—Recording members for original recording by exposure, e.g. to light, to heat, to electrons; Manufacture thereof; Selection of materials therefor
- G03G5/02—Charge-receiving layers
- G03G5/04—Photoconductive layers; Charge-generation layers or charge-transporting layers; Additives therefor; Binders therefor
- G03G5/06—Photoconductive layers; Charge-generation layers or charge-transporting layers; Additives therefor; Binders therefor characterised by the photoconductive material being organic
- G03G5/0622—Heterocyclic compounds
- G03G5/0624—Heterocyclic compounds containing one hetero ring
- G03G5/0627—Heterocyclic compounds containing one hetero ring being five-membered
- G03G5/0631—Heterocyclic compounds containing one hetero ring being five-membered containing two hetero atoms
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
- G03G5/00—Recording members for original recording by exposure, e.g. to light, to heat, to electrons; Manufacture thereof; Selection of materials therefor
- G03G5/02—Charge-receiving layers
- G03G5/04—Photoconductive layers; Charge-generation layers or charge-transporting layers; Additives therefor; Binders therefor
- G03G5/06—Photoconductive layers; Charge-generation layers or charge-transporting layers; Additives therefor; Binders therefor characterised by the photoconductive material being organic
- G03G5/0664—Dyes
- G03G5/0666—Dyes containing a methine or polymethine group
- G03G5/0668—Dyes containing a methine or polymethine group containing only one methine or polymethine group
- G03G5/067—Dyes containing a methine or polymethine group containing only one methine or polymethine group containing hetero rings
Definitions
- the present invention relates to photographic reproduction, and more especially to an electrophotographic process utilizing the photoconductive characteristics of a certain class of organic compounds, the N-disubstituted benzylideneazines, to produce the electrostatic latent image.
- a non-visible charge pattern is developed on the electrophotographic plate.
- the plate consists of a coating of photoconductive insulating layer on a carrier such as paper, aluminum plate, or plastic.
- the photoconductive insulating layer is electrically charged as with a corona discharge so that the coating has a uniform positive or negative charge on its surface.
- the plate is than exposed to a light image.
- the charge density obtained at any point on the photoconductive insulating layer is related to the intensity of illumination obtained at that point during the exposure.
- the image is then developed with an electrostatically attractable toner in a known manner.
- the developed image composed of colored pigment, together with a thermoplastic resin, is subsequently fixed by heating, or in the-case of liquid toners by the air oxidation of the drying oils. 1
- the present invention is based on the finding that a class of organic compounds, the N-disubstituted benzylideneazines, are excellent photoconductive materials for use in the preparation of electrophotographic plates. These compounds have good photoconductivity and are particularly suitable for the preparation of lithographic plates as well as for use in desk type ofiice copying devices, or electrophotographic printing.
- the compounds of this class are, in general, stable compounds with a long shelf life and are soluble in most common resin binder-solvent systems so that they can be readily applied to the supporting substrate.
- the photoconductive substances which are used according to this invention for the preparation of electrophotographic copy are preferably used in association with clear resinous polymeric binders having high dielectric characteristics such as polystyrene, polyvinyl chloride, polyvinyl acetate, polyvinylidene chloride, polyvinyl acetals, polyvinyl ethers, polyacrylic esters, or any other natural or synthetic polymeric substance having the proper electrical
- the organic photoconductor and resinorganic solvents as benzene, toluene, methyl ethyl ketone, methyl isobutyl ketone, chloroform or methylene chloride.
- Mixtures of two or more photoconductive substances may be used, as well as mixtures of two or more mutually miscible solvents which will utilize with the greatest efiiciency the solubilities of both the photoconductor and the resinous binder. are coated on a suitable carrier and, when dried, form a solid solution which is transparent.
- the solvent solutions The electrophotographic plate of this invention com- 3,290,147 Patented Dec. 6, 1966 (1) CaHs H H C2115 02 i; oz s MLP, 1S8.5-1S9.0 C.
- the preferred photoconductive compounds of the invention have the formula:
- A is a phenyl radical substituted in the para position with the nitrogen or naphthyl group substituted in the 4, 5, 6 or 7 position with the nitrogen.
- the phenyl group can be additionally substituted in the ortho, but not meta position with such groups as alkyls of 1 to 3 carbon atoms, nitroso, acyl and halogen, and the naphthyl radical can likewise be substituted in the 4, 5, 6 or 7 position.
- R in the formula is an alkyl or alkylene radical of 1 to 3 carbon atoms which can contain a terminally attached phenyl, halogen or hydroxyl group or can be part of a ring system.
- the melting points of the preferred compounds is in the range of 99 to 250 C. and their molecular weight is in the range of 294 to 578.
- the compounds of this invention are prepared by the condensation of the corresponding N-disubstituted aryl aldehydes with hydrazine.
- An example of this type of reaction is the preparation of bis-4, 4'-dimethylamino benzylideneazine as found in Beilstein 14, 36.
- the aforementioned compounds dissolved in a layer of insulating resin charged and exposed with light in the Wave-length range from 3500 to 4200 Angstroms will produce electrostatic latent images as previously described. Excellent images may be obtained by a short exposure under a photographic transparency using a carbon arch or mercury-vapor lamp. The surface will hold a charge of 100 to 400 volts.
- the spectral sensitivity may be shifted into the visible region and'the sensitivity increased to the extent that images may be formed by using a low wattage tungsten lamp. Further, the sensitivity is such that images may be formed in reasonable exposure times using projection techniques.
- This spectral sensitivity is obtained by adding to the photoconductor-resin mixture a small amount of dyestuff such as Crystal Violet, Cryptocyanine, Pinacyanole, Orthochrome T, Rhodamine B, or Sulforhodamine. See also page 8 of British Patent No.'. 895,001 (1962). Water soluble quaternary ammonium and oxonium dyes are preferred.
- Example I A solution containing 1 g. of bis-4,4'-diallylamino ben- Zylideneazine (Formula 12 above), 2.5 g. of B-76 (a polyvinyl butyral polymer made by Shawinigan Chemicals Corporation of Springfield, Massachusetts), 50 mg. of Crystal Violet, and 50 ml. of methyl ethyl ketone is applied with a Meyer bar or other suitable means to a piece of paper, applying a coating weight of 1 to 3 pounds (dry solids) per ream (500 sheets, 25 by 38 inches) of paper.
- the paper used should be pretreated with a mineral pigment coating, bound with a hydrophilic adhesive, to insure minimum penetration of the organic solvent into the sheet.
- the pretreated paper, thus coated is allowed to air dry or is dried for several minutes in an oven at 60 to 100 C.
- Direct images are produced on the sheet of paper by the electrophotographic process in the following manner: the coated paper is either positively or negatively charged under a corona discharge and then exposed under a positive or negative transparency with a light source such as a. 60-watt tungsten lamp.
- a dry electrostatically attractable resinous toner colored with a pigment, is applied to the sheet. For best results, this is done in a reduced light area, preferably under a red light.
- the toner thus applied adheres to the parts of the coating which have not been exposed to the light and a positive image appears.
- the image sheet is then heated for a short period at 100-130 C. to fuse the resin and fix the image.
- the images may be used as master copies for any sort of lithographic duplicating process, provided the non-image areas are treated to make them ink repellent and water receptive.
- a sheet of paper which has been pretreated to give a hydrophilic surface e.g. a surface coating composed of titanium dioxide, carboxymethylhydroxyethyl cellulose or similar water soluble cellulose derivative, and melamine formaldehyde resin (see U.S. Patents, 2,778,735 and 2,778,301) is coated with a solution consisting of 1.0 g.
- mixtures of syrupy phosphoric acid with alcohols, with or without small amounts of stronger mineral acids such as hydrochloric or sulfuric have proved to be excellent wash solutions.
- the photoconductive compounds of this invention are acid soluble and the acid-alcohol mixture dissolves them in the non-image area Where they are not protected by the resinous toner. This opens up the resin binder to attack and removal by the solvent. The acid also renders the thus exposed non-image areas hydrophilic.
- Example II A solution consisting of 1.0 g. of bis-4,4-diethylamino- 2,2'-dirnethyl benzylideneazine (Formula 3), 2.5 g. of B76 resin, 50 mg, of Cryptocyanine, and 50 ml. of chloroform is coated in the above manner on a pretreated sheet of paper. The electrophotographic process for imaging the sheet and results are the same as described in Example I.
- Example III A solution consisting of 1.0 g. of bis-4,4-dibenzylamino benzylideneazine (Formula 5), 2.5 g. of VYLF resin (a copolymer consisting of 87% vinyl chloride and 13% vinyl acetate made by Union Carbide and Carbon Chemical Corp.) and 50 mg. of Rhodamine B is dissolved in a mixture of 25 ml. of chloroform and 25 ml. of methyl ethyl ketone, and is coated in the previously described manner on a pretreated sheet of paper (2 coats) and on aluminum foil (1 coat). The electrophotographic process fifl imaging the sheet is the same as described in Examp e I.
- Example IV A solution consisting of 1.0 g. of bis-4,4'-ally1methy1- amino benzylideneazine (Formula 7), 2.5 g. of VMCH resin (a copolymer consisting of 86% vinyl chloride and 13% vinyl acetate made by Union Carbide), 50 mg. of Orthochrome T and 50 ml. of methyl isobutyl ketone is coated on pretreated paper, plastic or metal foil as previously described. The direct image is formed as described in Example I.
- Example V A solution consisting of 0.5 g. of bis-4,4-diethylamino- 2,2',6,6-tetrachloro benzylideneazine (Formula 9), 0.5 g. of bis-4,4'-morpholynyl benzylideneazine (Formula 6), 2.5 g. B-76 resin, 50 mg. of Rhodamine B, and 50 ml. of chloroform is coated on pretreated paper, plastic or metal foil as previously described. The direct image is formed as in Example I.
- Example VI A solution consisting of 1.0 g. bis-4,4'-diallylamino benzylideneazine (Formula 12), 2.0 g. of polyvinylidene chloride and 25 mgs. of Pinacyanole is dissolved in 50 ml. of methyl ethyl ketone, and coated on pretreated paper, plastic or metal foil as previously described. The electrophotographic process for imaging the sheet is the same as described in Example I.
- An electrophotogr-aphic copy sheet comprising a photoconductive insulating layer on a conductive support, the photoconductive layer containing a photoconductive compound selected irom the class of compounds known as arylideneazines and having the general formula:
- An electrophotographic copy sheet comprising a photoconductive insulating layer on a conductive support, the photo-conductive layer containing a compound selected from the class of compounds known as arylideneazines and having the general formula:
- Ar is selected from the group consisting of phenyl radicals substituted in the para position with the nitrogen and nap'htlhyl nadicals substituted in the 4, 5, 6 or 7 position with the nitrogen
- R is selected from the group consisting of alkyl and al kylene radicals, said compounds having a melting point in the range of 99 to 25-0 C. and a molecular weight in the range of 294 to 578.
- An electrophotograp hic copy sheet comprising a photoconductive insulating layer on a conductive support, the photoconductive layer containing a compound selected from the class of compounds known as arylideneazines and having the general formula:
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- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Photoreceptors In Electrophotography (AREA)
- Printing Plates And Materials Therefor (AREA)
Description
- characteristics. ous polymeric substance are dissolved together in such United States Patent 3,290,147 ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHIC ORGANIC PHOTOCONDUCTORS John Alan Mattor, Gorham, Dumont Biglar Henderson, Portland, and Ben Millard, Windham, Maine, assignors to S. D. Warren Company, Boston, Mass, a corporation of Massachusetts No Drawing. Filed Aug. 7, 1963, Ser. No. 300,617 5 Claims. (Cl. 96-1) The present invention relates to photographic reproduction, and more especially to an electrophotographic process utilizing the photoconductive characteristics of a certain class of organic compounds, the N-disubstituted benzylideneazines, to produce the electrostatic latent image.
In an electrophotographic process, a non-visible charge pattern is developed on the electrophotographic plate. The plate consists of a coating of photoconductive insulating layer on a carrier such as paper, aluminum plate, or plastic. The photoconductive insulating layer is electrically charged as with a corona discharge so that the coating has a uniform positive or negative charge on its surface. The plate is than exposed to a light image. The charge density obtained at any point on the photoconductive insulating layer is related to the intensity of illumination obtained at that point during the exposure. The image is then developed with an electrostatically attractable toner in a known manner. The developed image, composed of colored pigment, together with a thermoplastic resin, is subsequently fixed by heating, or in the-case of liquid toners by the air oxidation of the drying oils. 1
In recent years, many investigations have been made with respect to the nature of suitable carriers and of photoconductive materials to be coated thereon. Most notable among photoconductive substances hitherto applied to the electrophotographic process have been inorganic materials such as zinc oxide and selenium.
The present invention is based on the finding that a class of organic compounds, the N-disubstituted benzylideneazines, are excellent photoconductive materials for use in the preparation of electrophotographic plates. These compounds have good photoconductivity and are particularly suitable for the preparation of lithographic plates as well as for use in desk type ofiice copying devices, or electrophotographic printing. The compounds of this class are, in general, stable compounds with a long shelf life and are soluble in most common resin binder-solvent systems so that they can be readily applied to the supporting substrate.
The photoconductive substances which are used according to this invention for the preparation of electrophotographic copy are preferably used in association with clear resinous polymeric binders having high dielectric characteristics such as polystyrene, polyvinyl chloride, polyvinyl acetate, polyvinylidene chloride, polyvinyl acetals, polyvinyl ethers, polyacrylic esters, or any other natural or synthetic polymeric substance having the proper electrical The organic photoconductor and resinorganic solvents as benzene, toluene, methyl ethyl ketone, methyl isobutyl ketone, chloroform or methylene chloride. Mixtures of two or more photoconductive substances may be used, as well as mixtures of two or more mutually miscible solvents which will utilize with the greatest efiiciency the solubilities of both the photoconductor and the resinous binder. are coated on a suitable carrier and, when dried, form a solid solution which is transparent.
The solvent solutions The electrophotographic plate of this invention com- 3,290,147 Patented Dec. 6, 1966 (1) CaHs H H C2115 02 i; oz s MLP, 1S8.5-1S9.0 C.
( CH3 H H CH;
on, on,
M.P. 250-253 C. (Bell. 14:, 36) (3) CzHs caHs M.P. 207209 C.
-CH1 H H CH7 I l N C=NN=C N -CH2 CHz M.P. 182.6183 C.
ning, 1 1 1 1 7 ac CHQOHZ CHzCHz M.P. greater than 245 C.
Queen-cg n 1? on.=cn=on.
. CH3 CH5 M.P. 145.0146.5 C. (8)
C2115 2 Calls M.P. 197.5 to 198.5 C.
() CgHs Of the above 17 examples, compounds 5, 8, 12, 13 and 17 are preferred examples from the standpoints of solubility and sensitivity. It will 'be noted that in all cases the compound is symmetrical and the aryl radical is either phenyl or naphthyl with the N-substituted amine being in the para position in the case of the phenyl radical and in the 6 position in the case of the naphthyl radical. Also, the nitrogen group is a tertiary amine with the two terminal substituents thereon being straight chain alkyl or alkylene radical of 1 to 3 carbon atoms each or alkyl radicals of 1 to 2 carbon atoms each terminally substituted with halogen or phenyl group.
The preferred photoconductive compounds of the invention have the formula:
where A is a phenyl radical substituted in the para position with the nitrogen or naphthyl group substituted in the 4, 5, 6 or 7 position with the nitrogen. The phenyl group can be additionally substituted in the ortho, but not meta position with such groups as alkyls of 1 to 3 carbon atoms, nitroso, acyl and halogen, and the naphthyl radical can likewise be substituted in the 4, 5, 6 or 7 position. R in the formula is an alkyl or alkylene radical of 1 to 3 carbon atoms which can contain a terminally attached phenyl, halogen or hydroxyl group or can be part of a ring system. The melting points of the preferred compounds is in the range of 99 to 250 C. and their molecular weight is in the range of 294 to 578.
The compounds of this invention are prepared by the condensation of the corresponding N-disubstituted aryl aldehydes with hydrazine. An example of this type of reaction is the preparation of bis-4, 4'-dimethylamino benzylideneazine as found in Beilstein 14, 36.
The aforementioned compounds dissolved in a layer of insulating resin charged and exposed with light in the Wave-length range from 3500 to 4200 Angstroms will produce electrostatic latent images as previously described. Excellent images may be obtained by a short exposure under a photographic transparency using a carbon arch or mercury-vapor lamp. The surface will hold a charge of 100 to 400 volts.
It has been discovered, however, the spectral sensitivity may be shifted into the visible region and'the sensitivity increased to the extent that images may be formed by using a low wattage tungsten lamp. Further, the sensitivity is such that images may be formed in reasonable exposure times using projection techniques. This spectral sensitivity is obtained by adding to the photoconductor-resin mixture a small amount of dyestuff such as Crystal Violet, Cryptocyanine, Pinacyanole, Orthochrome T, Rhodamine B, or Sulforhodamine. See also page 8 of British Patent No.'. 895,001 (1962). Water soluble quaternary ammonium and oxonium dyes are preferred.
The invention is further illustrated in the following specific examples, without being limited thereto:
Example I A solution containing 1 g. of bis-4,4'-diallylamino ben- Zylideneazine (Formula 12 above), 2.5 g. of B-76 (a polyvinyl butyral polymer made by Shawinigan Chemicals Corporation of Springfield, Massachusetts), 50 mg. of Crystal Violet, and 50 ml. of methyl ethyl ketone is applied with a Meyer bar or other suitable means to a piece of paper, applying a coating weight of 1 to 3 pounds (dry solids) per ream (500 sheets, 25 by 38 inches) of paper. For best results, the paper used should be pretreated with a mineral pigment coating, bound with a hydrophilic adhesive, to insure minimum penetration of the organic solvent into the sheet. The pretreated paper, thus coated, is allowed to air dry or is dried for several minutes in an oven at 60 to 100 C. Direct images are produced on the sheet of paper by the electrophotographic process in the following manner: the coated paper is either positively or negatively charged under a corona discharge and then exposed under a positive or negative transparency with a light source such as a. 60-watt tungsten lamp. Immediately after exposure, a dry electrostatically attractable resinous toner, colored with a pigment, is applied to the sheet. For best results, this is done in a reduced light area, preferably under a red light. The toner thus applied adheres to the parts of the coating which have not been exposed to the light and a positive image appears. The image sheet is then heated for a short period at 100-130 C. to fuse the resin and fix the image.
If aluminum, plastic foil, or a suitable grade of paper is used as a carrier for the coating, the images may be used as master copies for any sort of lithographic duplicating process, provided the non-image areas are treated to make them ink repellent and water receptive. In this process, for example, a sheet of paper which has been pretreated to give a hydrophilic surface, e.g. a surface coating composed of titanium dioxide, carboxymethylhydroxyethyl cellulose or similar water soluble cellulose derivative, and melamine formaldehyde resin (see U.S. Patents, 2,778,735 and 2,778,301) is coated with a solution consisting of 1.0 g. of bis-4,4'-diethylamino benzylideneazine (Formula 1), 2.5 g. of B76 resin, 50 mg. of Rhodamine B, and 50 ml. of chloroform. The sheet is dried, then charged and imaged in the above manner and fused at 140l60 C. The surface of the sheet is then washed with methanol, ethanol, iso-propanol, or mixtures of same, thereby exposing again the hydrophilic surface in all areas but the hydrophobic image areas. The sheet thus formed may .be used in any type of hydrophilic-hydrophobic lithographic duplicating process.
In addition to the above solvents, mixtures of syrupy phosphoric acid with alcohols, with or without small amounts of stronger mineral acids such as hydrochloric or sulfuric have proved to be excellent wash solutions. The photoconductive compounds of this invention are acid soluble and the acid-alcohol mixture dissolves them in the non-image area Where they are not protected by the resinous toner. This opens up the resin binder to attack and removal by the solvent. The acid also renders the thus exposed non-image areas hydrophilic.
Example II A solution consisting of 1.0 g. of bis-4,4-diethylamino- 2,2'-dirnethyl benzylideneazine (Formula 3), 2.5 g. of B76 resin, 50 mg, of Cryptocyanine, and 50 ml. of chloroform is coated in the above manner on a pretreated sheet of paper. The electrophotographic process for imaging the sheet and results are the same as described in Example I.
Example III A solution consisting of 1.0 g. of bis-4,4-dibenzylamino benzylideneazine (Formula 5), 2.5 g. of VYLF resin (a copolymer consisting of 87% vinyl chloride and 13% vinyl acetate made by Union Carbide and Carbon Chemical Corp.) and 50 mg. of Rhodamine B is dissolved in a mixture of 25 ml. of chloroform and 25 ml. of methyl ethyl ketone, and is coated in the previously described manner on a pretreated sheet of paper (2 coats) and on aluminum foil (1 coat). The electrophotographic process fifl imaging the sheet is the same as described in Examp e I.
Example IV A solution consisting of 1.0 g. of bis-4,4'-ally1methy1- amino benzylideneazine (Formula 7), 2.5 g. of VMCH resin (a copolymer consisting of 86% vinyl chloride and 13% vinyl acetate made by Union Carbide), 50 mg. of Orthochrome T and 50 ml. of methyl isobutyl ketone is coated on pretreated paper, plastic or metal foil as previously described. The direct image is formed as described in Example I.
Example V A solution consisting of 0.5 g. of bis-4,4-diethylamino- 2,2',6,6-tetrachloro benzylideneazine (Formula 9), 0.5 g. of bis-4,4'-morpholynyl benzylideneazine (Formula 6), 2.5 g. B-76 resin, 50 mg. of Rhodamine B, and 50 ml. of chloroform is coated on pretreated paper, plastic or metal foil as previously described. The direct image is formed as in Example I.
Example VI A solution consisting of 1.0 g. bis-4,4'-diallylamino benzylideneazine (Formula 12), 2.0 g. of polyvinylidene chloride and 25 mgs. of Pinacyanole is dissolved in 50 ml. of methyl ethyl ketone, and coated on pretreated paper, plastic or metal foil as previously described. The electrophotographic process for imaging the sheet is the same as described in Example I.
Having described this invention, what is sought to be protected by Letters Patent is succinctly set out in the following claims:
1. An electrophotogr-aphic copy sheet comprising a photoconductive insulating layer on a conductive support, the photoconductive layer containing a photoconductive compound selected irom the class of compounds known as arylideneazines and having the general formula:
H R1(IJ=N--N=(IJR1 wherein R and R are N-disubstituted aryl radicals.
2. An electrophotographic copy sheet according to claim 1 in which the photoconductive layer also contains a dye sensitizer.
3'. An electrophotographic material according to claim 1 in which the photoconductive layer essentially consists of a clear resinous binder and said photoconductive compound.
4. An electrophotographic copy sheet comprising a photoconductive insulating layer on a conductive support, the photo-conductive layer containing a compound selected from the class of compounds known as arylideneazines and having the general formula:
wherein Ar is selected from the group consisting of phenyl radicals substituted in the para position with the nitrogen and nap'htlhyl nadicals substituted in the 4, 5, 6 or 7 position with the nitrogen, and R is selected from the group consisting of alkyl and al kylene radicals, said compounds having a melting point in the range of 99 to 25-0 C. and a molecular weight in the range of 294 to 578.
5. An electrophotograp hic copy sheet comprising a photoconductive insulating layer on a conductive support, the photoconductive layer containing a compound selected from the class of compounds known as arylideneazines and having the general formula:
R1C=NN=CR1 wherein R is a phenyl radical substituted in the para position with N (R and in the ortho position with a radical selected from the group consisting of methyl and ohloro radicals, and where R is a hydrocarbon group.
References Cited by the Examiner UNITED STATES PATENTS 3,041,165 6/1962 Sus et al. 96-1 3,066,023 11/ 1962 Schlesinger 96-1 NORMAN G. TORCHIN, Primary Examiner.
UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE CERTIFICATE OF CORRECTION Patent No. 3, 290, 147 December 6, 1966 John Alan Mattor et a1.
It is hereby certified that error appears in the above numbered patent requiring correction and that the said Letters Patent should read as corrected below.
Column 2, formula "(7)" should appear as shown below instead of as in the patent:
CH2=CH-CH2\ CHZ=CH=CH2 M.P. 145 0-146. 5 C.
column 3, formula "(11) should appear as shown below instead of as in the patent:
M.P. greater than 25 C. (darkens) Signed and sealed this 21st day of November 1967 (SEAL) Attest:
EDWARD M. FLETCHER,JR. Attesting Officer EDWARD J. BRENNER Commissioner of Patents
Claims (1)
1. AN ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHIC COPY SHEET COMPRISING A PHOTOCONDUCTIVE INSULATING LAYER ON A CONDUCTIVE SUPPORT, THE PHOTOCONDUCTIVE LAYER CONTAINING A PHOTOCONDUCTIVE COMPOUND SELECTED FROM THE CLASS OF COMPOUNDS KNOWN AS ARYLIDENEAZINES AND HAVING THE GENERAL FORMULA:
Priority Applications (11)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US300617A US3290147A (en) | 1963-08-07 | 1963-08-07 | Electrophotographic organic photoconductors |
GB27993/64A GB1016969A (en) | 1963-08-07 | 1964-07-07 | Electrophotographic organic photoconductors |
DE19641497108 DE1497108B2 (en) | 1963-08-07 | 1964-07-23 | Photoconductive layer |
SE9290/64A SE305588B (en) | 1963-08-07 | 1964-07-31 | |
FR983995A FR1406776A (en) | 1963-08-07 | 1964-08-03 | Advanced electrophotographic copy sheet |
FR983996A FR1417157A (en) | 1963-08-07 | 1964-08-03 | Improvement to electrophotographic copying sheets |
BE651472D BE651472A (en) | 1963-08-07 | 1964-08-06 | |
BE651473A BE651473A (en) | 1963-08-07 | 1964-08-06 | |
DK389864AA DK112837B (en) | 1963-08-07 | 1964-08-06 | Electrophotographic material. |
NL6409093A NL6409093A (en) | 1963-08-07 | 1964-08-07 | |
NL6409096A NL6409096A (en) | 1963-08-07 | 1964-08-07 |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US30064763A | 1963-08-07 | 1963-08-07 | |
US300617A US3290147A (en) | 1963-08-07 | 1963-08-07 | Electrophotographic organic photoconductors |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US3290147A true US3290147A (en) | 1966-12-06 |
Family
ID=26971869
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US300617A Expired - Lifetime US3290147A (en) | 1963-08-07 | 1963-08-07 | Electrophotographic organic photoconductors |
Country Status (7)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US3290147A (en) |
BE (2) | BE651473A (en) |
DE (1) | DE1497108B2 (en) |
DK (1) | DK112837B (en) |
GB (1) | GB1016969A (en) |
NL (2) | NL6409093A (en) |
SE (1) | SE305588B (en) |
Cited By (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3624226A (en) * | 1970-03-09 | 1971-11-30 | Calgon Corp | Electrographic organic photoconductor comprising of n,n,n{40 ,n{40 , tetrabenzyl 4,4{40 oxydianaline |
US3692834A (en) * | 1971-02-25 | 1972-09-19 | Smith Kline French Lab | Intermediates for preparing acridines |
US3765884A (en) * | 1971-07-06 | 1973-10-16 | Eastman Kodak Co | 1-substituted-2-indoline hydrazone photoconductors |
US3767393A (en) * | 1971-11-11 | 1973-10-23 | Kodak Park Division | Alkylaminoaromatic organic photoconductors |
US4252564A (en) * | 1979-08-21 | 1981-02-24 | The United States Of America As Represented By The United States Department Of Energy | Method for cleaning bomb-reduced uranium derbies |
US4293714A (en) * | 1980-03-20 | 1981-10-06 | Gaf Corporation | Copolymerizable, ultraviolet light absorber 4-alkoxy-2'-allyloxybenzazines |
EP0085447A1 (en) * | 1982-01-29 | 1983-08-10 | Océ-Nederland B.V. | Multi-layered electrophotographic element and method of making a photocopy using such element |
US4420548A (en) * | 1980-11-28 | 1983-12-13 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Electrophotographic member with hydrazone or ketazine compounds |
US4423130A (en) * | 1981-03-11 | 1983-12-27 | Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd. | Electrophotographic light-sensitive hydrazone materials |
US20210393810A1 (en) * | 2019-01-04 | 2021-12-23 | HTA Co., Ltd. | Dihydrazone compounds having high affinity to a beta protein and tau protein, derivatives thereof and use thereof |
Families Citing this family (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3542546A (en) * | 1966-11-29 | 1970-11-24 | Eastman Kodak Co | Organic photoconductors containing the >n-n< nucleus |
CN106380423B (en) * | 2016-08-25 | 2018-03-30 | 中国科学院上海微系统与信息技术研究所 | The compound of the detectable organophosphate nerve agents analogies of one kind and its application |
Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3041165A (en) * | 1956-07-04 | 1962-06-26 | Kalle Ag | Electrophotographic material |
US3066023A (en) * | 1958-12-19 | 1962-11-27 | Azoplate Corp | Member for electrophotographic reproduction and process therefor |
-
1963
- 1963-08-07 US US300617A patent/US3290147A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1964
- 1964-07-07 GB GB27993/64A patent/GB1016969A/en not_active Expired
- 1964-07-23 DE DE19641497108 patent/DE1497108B2/en active Pending
- 1964-07-31 SE SE9290/64A patent/SE305588B/xx unknown
- 1964-08-06 BE BE651473A patent/BE651473A/xx unknown
- 1964-08-06 BE BE651472D patent/BE651472A/xx unknown
- 1964-08-06 DK DK389864AA patent/DK112837B/en unknown
- 1964-08-07 NL NL6409093A patent/NL6409093A/xx unknown
- 1964-08-07 NL NL6409096A patent/NL6409096A/xx unknown
Patent Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3041165A (en) * | 1956-07-04 | 1962-06-26 | Kalle Ag | Electrophotographic material |
US3066023A (en) * | 1958-12-19 | 1962-11-27 | Azoplate Corp | Member for electrophotographic reproduction and process therefor |
Cited By (11)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3624226A (en) * | 1970-03-09 | 1971-11-30 | Calgon Corp | Electrographic organic photoconductor comprising of n,n,n{40 ,n{40 , tetrabenzyl 4,4{40 oxydianaline |
US3692834A (en) * | 1971-02-25 | 1972-09-19 | Smith Kline French Lab | Intermediates for preparing acridines |
US3765884A (en) * | 1971-07-06 | 1973-10-16 | Eastman Kodak Co | 1-substituted-2-indoline hydrazone photoconductors |
US3767393A (en) * | 1971-11-11 | 1973-10-23 | Kodak Park Division | Alkylaminoaromatic organic photoconductors |
US4252564A (en) * | 1979-08-21 | 1981-02-24 | The United States Of America As Represented By The United States Department Of Energy | Method for cleaning bomb-reduced uranium derbies |
US4293714A (en) * | 1980-03-20 | 1981-10-06 | Gaf Corporation | Copolymerizable, ultraviolet light absorber 4-alkoxy-2'-allyloxybenzazines |
US4420548A (en) * | 1980-11-28 | 1983-12-13 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Electrophotographic member with hydrazone or ketazine compounds |
US4423130A (en) * | 1981-03-11 | 1983-12-27 | Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd. | Electrophotographic light-sensitive hydrazone materials |
EP0085447A1 (en) * | 1982-01-29 | 1983-08-10 | Océ-Nederland B.V. | Multi-layered electrophotographic element and method of making a photocopy using such element |
US4543310A (en) * | 1982-01-29 | 1985-09-24 | Oce-Nederland B.V. | Electrophotographic element and photocopying process making use of certain 4-[bis-phenylamino]benzaldehyde azines |
US20210393810A1 (en) * | 2019-01-04 | 2021-12-23 | HTA Co., Ltd. | Dihydrazone compounds having high affinity to a beta protein and tau protein, derivatives thereof and use thereof |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
NL6409093A (en) | 1965-02-08 |
BE651473A (en) | 1965-02-08 |
DE1497108A1 (en) | 1969-10-30 |
DK112837B (en) | 1969-01-20 |
BE651472A (en) | 1965-02-08 |
GB1016969A (en) | 1966-01-12 |
DE1497108B2 (en) | 1970-03-26 |
NL6409096A (en) | 1965-02-08 |
SE305588B (en) | 1968-10-28 |
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