US3289585A - Shell construction - Google Patents

Shell construction Download PDF

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Publication number
US3289585A
US3289585A US450401A US45040165A US3289585A US 3289585 A US3289585 A US 3289585A US 450401 A US450401 A US 450401A US 45040165 A US45040165 A US 45040165A US 3289585 A US3289585 A US 3289585A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
shell
case
tip
filling
barrel
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US450401A
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English (en)
Inventor
Rudolph Hans Heinrich
Menzel Dieter
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Dynamit Nobel AG
Original Assignee
Dynamit Nobel AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Dynamit Nobel AG filed Critical Dynamit Nobel AG
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3289585A publication Critical patent/US3289585A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B8/00—Practice or training ammunition
    • F42B8/12—Projectiles or missiles
    • F42B8/14—Projectiles or missiles disintegrating in flight or upon impact
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B8/00—Practice or training ammunition
    • F42B8/12—Projectiles or missiles
    • F42B8/14—Projectiles or missiles disintegrating in flight or upon impact
    • F42B8/16—Projectiles or missiles disintegrating in flight or upon impact containing an inert filler in powder or granular form

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a shell, and more particularly, to a shell for maneuver ammunition having a case of thermoplastic or analogous material and containing an easily decomposable powder-like filling.
  • the correctly timed decomposition for disintegration namely, the decomposition or destruction desired exactly at the instant of leaving the gun mouth
  • the shell burss or disintegrates already in the barrel, that is, sill prior to leaving the barrel.
  • the cause for the undesirable behavior of the shell can be traced back essentially to an excessive firing pressure in relation to the rigidity of the shell case and to a corresponding inadequate rotational pressure.
  • firing pressure is understood herein that pressure which is exerted by the shell filling on the shell case under the effect of the pressure of the powder gases of the propellant charge on the rear end and by reason of the pressure distribution in the shell filling.
  • Rotational pressure in contrast thereto, is the pressure which is exerted by the shell filling on the shell case by reason of the rotation of the shell filling owing to the centrifugal force.
  • the firing pressure is greater than the rotational pressure.
  • the firing pressure which remains effective only as long as the shell is still in the barrel, has its maximum value directly after setting the shell into motion simultaneous with the maximum of the pressure of the propellant gases.
  • the rotational pressure is effective as soon as the shell is set into rotation by the rifting. The maximum value of the rotational pressure is reached at the mouth of the gun. However, in contrast to the firing pressure, the rotational pressure remains still effective also outside of the barrel.
  • the aim of the present invention is to eliminate the aforementioned disadvantages, that is, to so construct the shell case that, on the one hand, it is not damaged or deformed by the strong firing pressure but, on the other, is decomposed by the slight rotational pressure (centrifugal force) in front of the mouth into small parts incapable of flight. It is therefore proposed in accordance with the present invention for a shell for maneuver ammunition With a case of thermoplastic material and an easily disintegrating powder-like filling to reinforce the case at least at the foremost part forming the shell tip at least on the inside thereof with ribs extending in the longitudinal direction and distributed over the circumference.
  • a partition bottom is arranged on one of the offsets or steps, preferably on the rearmost offset or step, which extends over the entire internal case cross section.
  • provision may be made to line the tip of the shell case with a jacket-like insert of a material having high stretch characteristics, especially of thermoplastic material.
  • Another object of the present invention resides in the provision of a shell which is so constructed and arranged that its disintegration and destruction, exactly as it leaves the barrel mouth, is assured with great accuracy.
  • Still a further object of the present invention resides in the provision of a shell which is simple in construction and readily adaptable to inexpensive mass production techniques, yet is completely safe in use for maneuver ammunition and assures a minimum danger of wear of the barrel walls even in case of premature explosion while still within the barrel of the gun.
  • Another object of the present invention resides in a shell made of plastic material and intended for maneuver purposes in which the rotational pressure necessaryfor appropriate destruction is assured while the shell case is so constructed that it is neither damaged nor deformed by the high firing pressure.
  • a further object of the present invention resides in the provision of a maneuver shell in which the shell tip is relieved to a considerable extent from the firing pressure caused by the propellant gases.
  • FIGURE 1 is an axial longitudinal cros-sectional view through a shell case with a tip reinforced by ribs in accordance with the present invention
  • FIGURE la is a cross-sectional view taken along line A-A of FIGURE 1,
  • FIGURE 2 is an axial longitudinal cross-sectional through a modified embodiment of the shell case in accordance with the present invention, similar to FIGURE 1 but provided with an additional grooving along the inner surfaces of the rear section thereof,
  • FIGURE 2a is a cross-sectional view taken along line B-B of FIGURE 2,
  • FIGURE 3 is an axial longitudinal cross-sectional view through a still further modified embodiment of a shell case in accordance with the present invention provided with a rib reinforcement and with a transition between tip and cylindrical section offset in a step-shaped manner, and
  • FIGURE 4 is a longitudinal axial cross-sectional view through still another modified embodiment of a shell in accordance with the present invention provided with a rib-reinforced, jacket-like liner of the tip thereof.
  • reference numeral 1 designates therein the shell case constructed with a cylindrical rear section 3 which is provided within the area of the ogival-shaped tip 2 on the inside with six rib-like reinforcements 4 so that the tip 2 has an internal cross section similar to the shape of a star.
  • the shape, dimensions, and number of the reinforcements 4 are to be understood, of course, only as illustrative. For example, provision may also be made to extend the reinforcements 4 over a more or less large area of the cylindrical part 3. It is, however, also possible to arrange the ribs 4 on the outside of the case 1.
  • the tip 2 of the case 1 is again constructed with the reinforcements 4 of FIG- URE 1 whereas the adjoining cylindrical section 3 is provided with a grooving 6 extending in the longitudinal direction. Since the outer diameter of the cylindrical section 3 of the case 1 is matched very accurately to the inner diameter of the barrel of the gun, hence this part of the case 1 during passage of the shell through the barrel is well supported by the barrel wall against the effect of the rotational pressure, the wall thickness of the cylindrical section 3 can be kept relatively small, that is, the grooving can be constructed in the form of a large number of relatively deep groove-like recesses or indentations whereby there is achieved, on the one hand, a favorable transmission of the rotational velocity of the case 1 to the filling (not shown) and, on the other, an advantageous influencing of the intended destruction of the shell by the rotational pressure when leaving the barrel.
  • the case 1 illustrated in FIGURE 3 is provided at the tip 2 with slightly differently constructed reinforcing ribs 4 of which only two are shown-and more particularly in cross sectionwhereby the depth of the ribs 4 as indicated by the dash lines 8 passing over into the cylindrical surface 7.
  • the wall thickness of the case 1 is offset in a step-shaped manner.
  • the partition bottom 10 is arranged on the thus-formed annular surface 9 which absorbs the pressure exerted by the propellant gases on the filling (not shown) of the cylindrical section 3 and introduces the same by way of the annular surface 9 into the forward part 2 of the case 1 whereby the filling of the shell tip 2 is essentially relieved of the gas pressure of the propellant charge, hence the filling of the shell tip 2 thus cannot exert any longer any significant pressure stemming from the propellant gases on the sensitive tip 2 of the case 1.
  • the tip 2 of the case 1 is lined with a liner 11 which in its turn is provided with the reinforcing ribs 4 of which one is illustrated in cross section for claritys sake.
  • the ribs 4 could also be formed into the tip 2 and the liner 11 could be constructed with a uniform wall thickness and having a shape corresponding in its interior dimensions to the rib-reinforced tip 2.
  • the liner 11 may, if necessary, be glued, bonded, or cemented into the tip 2 or the inner surfaces of the tip 2 as well as the outer surfaces of the liner 11 may be constructed more or less rough.
  • a partition bottom could be provided at the rear end of the liner whereby the construction of step-shaped offset would be obviated since such an offset results automatically from the rear end face of the liner.
  • -ribs4 may be provided along the outside of the tip 2 and/ or a grooving may be provided within the cylindrical section 3.
  • a shell for maneuver ammunition comprising case means, an easily disintegrating powder-like filling means within said case means, the forward part of said case means forming the shell tip, the internal diamete of said shell tip being substantially less than the internal diameter of said rearward section substantially at their junction, a generally radially inwardly extending and rearwardly facing substantially longitudinal extending reinforcing rib means reinforcing said case means at least in the area of said shell tip, said rib means being distributed over the circumference and being provided at least one the inside of said shell tip,
  • a shell for maneuver ammunition comprising case means, an easily disintegrating powder-like filling means within said case means, the forward part of said case means forming the shell tip, and substantially longitudinally extending reinforcing rib means reinforcing said case means at least in the area of said shell tip, said rib means being distributed over the circumference and being provided at least on the inside of said shell tip,
  • partition wall means extending over the entire interior case cross section and arranged on said offset means.
  • said case is constructed of a relatively low stretch capacity onganic plastic material, and including liner means covering substantially the entire inside surface of said shell tip of a material having a relatively high stretch capacity, and said liner means preventing said filling means from contacting the barrel Wall when said shell tip ruptures within the barrel during firing.
  • a shell for maneuver ammunition comprising case means, an easily disintegrating, powder-like filling means within said case means, the forward part of said case means forming the shell tip, and substantially longitudinally extending reinforcing rib means reinforcing said case means at least in the area of said shell tip, said rib means being distributed over the circumference and being provided at least on the inside of said shell tip,
  • a shell for maneuver ammunition comprising case means, an easily disintegrating powder-like filling means within said case means, the forward part of said case means forming the shell tip, and substantially longitudinally extending reinforcing rib means reinforcing said case means at least within the area of said shell tip, said rib means being distributed over the circumference of the shell tip,
  • said shell tip including a relatively low stretch capacity outside layer, liner means covering substantially the entire inside surface of said shell tip outside layer of a material having a relatively high stretch capacity, and said liner means preventing said filling means from contacting the barrel wall when said shell tip ruptures within the barrel during firing.
  • a shell for maneuver ammunition having a case of thermoplastic-like material and an easily destructible powdef-like filling within said case, with the forward part of said case forming the shell tip, said case means having a substantially cylindrical rearward section,
  • reinforcing rib means reinforcing said case means at least within the area of said shell tip, the internal diameter of said shell tip being substantially less than the internal diameter of said rearward section substantially at their junction,
  • reinforcing rib means extending substantially in the longitudinal direction and being provided at least on the inside of said shell tip.
  • a shell for maneuver ammunition comprising case means, an easily disintegrating powder-like filling means within said case means, the forward part of said case means forming the shell tip, and substantially longitudinally extending reinforcing rib means reinforcing said case means at least in the area of said shell tip, said rib means being distributed over the circumference and being provided at least on the inside of said shell tip, and means in said case means effectively forming weakened Zones within the spaces between said rib means,
  • partition wall means extending over the entire interior case cross section and arranged on said offset means.
  • said case is constructed of a relatively low stretch capacity organic plastic material, and including liner means covering substantially the entire inside surface of said shell tip of a material having a relatively high stretch capacity, and said liner means preventing said filling means from contacting the barrel wall when said shell tip ruptures Within the barrel during firing.
  • a shell for maneuver ammunition comprising case means of thermoplastic-like material, an easily disintegrating, powder-like filling means within said case means, the forward part of said case means forming the shell tip, and substantially longitudinally extending reinforcing rib means reinforcing said case means at least in the area of said shell tip, said rib means being distributed over the circumference and being provided at least on the inside of said shell tip, and means in said case means forming weakened zones within the spaces between said rib means,
  • partition wall means extending over the entire interior case cross section and arranged on the rearmost offset means.
  • a shell for maneuver ammunition comprising case means of thermoplastic-like material, an easily disintegrating, powder-like filling means within said case means, the forward part of said case means forming the shell tip, and substantiallly longitudinally extending reinforcing rib means reinforcing said case means at least in the area of said shell tip, said rib means being distributed over the circumference and being provided at least on the inside of said shell tip, and means in said case means forming weakened zones within the spaces between said rib means,
  • partition wall means extending over the entire interior case cross section and arranged on the rearmost offset means
  • said shell tip being lined with a liner of a material having high stretch capacity, and said reinforcing rib means being provided on said liner.
  • a shell for maneuver ammunition comprising: a case of relatively easily rupturable material; an easily disintegrating powder-like filling means within said case for duplicating the weight characteristics of a conventional corresponding shell; the forward part of said case forming a shell tip of generally conical configuration; said case having a substantially cylindrical rearward section; a partition wall means extending over substantially the entire interior cross-section of said case essentially at the juncture between said cylindrical rearward section and said shell tip for absorbing the thrust exerted by said filling because of the propellant gas pressure in the rear of the shell during firing.
  • said case includes a generally radially extending step shaped offset extending over the entire circumference for enlarging the interior space of the case at the juncture between said shell tip and said substantially cylindrical rearward section forming a forward abutment for said partition means.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Processing And Handling Of Plastics And Other Materials For Molding In General (AREA)
  • Containers And Packaging Bodies Having A Special Means To Remove Contents (AREA)
US450401A 1964-04-23 1965-04-23 Shell construction Expired - Lifetime US3289585A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DED44248A DE1216736B (de) 1964-04-23 1964-04-23 Zerfallgeschoss fuer Manoevermunition

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3289585A true US3289585A (en) 1966-12-06

Family

ID=7048186

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US450401A Expired - Lifetime US3289585A (en) 1964-04-23 1965-04-23 Shell construction

Country Status (9)

Country Link
US (1) US3289585A (fr)
AT (1) AT271268B (fr)
BE (1) BE662881A (fr)
CH (1) CH427571A (fr)
DE (1) DE1216736B (fr)
FI (1) FI41357C (fr)
FR (1) FR1433714A (fr)
GB (1) GB1106788A (fr)
NL (1) NL143038B (fr)

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3435769A (en) * 1966-01-07 1969-04-01 Rheinmetall Gmbh Disintegrating bullet for practice cartridges for small-arms or automatic weapons
US3732821A (en) * 1971-05-25 1973-05-15 Us Army Nose ogive for nonlethal projectile
US3898932A (en) * 1972-11-29 1975-08-12 Abraham Flatau Non-hazardous ring airfoil projectile for delivery of non-lethal material
US4048922A (en) * 1975-06-03 1977-09-20 Rene Cosson S.A. Self-fragmentable bullet
US4939996A (en) * 1986-09-03 1990-07-10 Coors Porcelain Company Ceramic munitions projectile
US5257936A (en) * 1990-02-21 1993-11-02 Luchaire Defense S.A. Rifle-firable training grenade and rifle-grenade firing instruction system

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AT376499B (de) * 1982-08-03 1984-11-26 Oregon Ets Patentverwertung Geschosshaube fuer sprengstofflose kampfstoffgranaten, insbesondere fuer rauchgranaten
DE3617460C1 (de) * 1986-05-23 1987-10-01 Nwm De Kruithoorn Bv Zerfallgeschoss fuer patronierte Manoevermunition
DE8807701U1 (de) * 1988-06-14 1989-10-12 Diehl GmbH & Co, 8500 Nürnberg Übungsgeschoß
FR2658599B1 (fr) * 1990-02-21 1994-06-17 Luchaire Defense Sa Grenade d'exercice tirable par fusil et systeme d'instruction au tir de grenades a fusil.

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2991718A (en) * 1959-06-15 1961-07-11 Ralph M Ferguson Disintegrating ammunition for machine gun and cannon
US3170405A (en) * 1962-03-17 1965-02-23 Karlsruhe Augsburg Iweka Disintegrating training ammunition for firearms

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2991718A (en) * 1959-06-15 1961-07-11 Ralph M Ferguson Disintegrating ammunition for machine gun and cannon
US3170405A (en) * 1962-03-17 1965-02-23 Karlsruhe Augsburg Iweka Disintegrating training ammunition for firearms

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3435769A (en) * 1966-01-07 1969-04-01 Rheinmetall Gmbh Disintegrating bullet for practice cartridges for small-arms or automatic weapons
US3732821A (en) * 1971-05-25 1973-05-15 Us Army Nose ogive for nonlethal projectile
US3898932A (en) * 1972-11-29 1975-08-12 Abraham Flatau Non-hazardous ring airfoil projectile for delivery of non-lethal material
US4048922A (en) * 1975-06-03 1977-09-20 Rene Cosson S.A. Self-fragmentable bullet
US4939996A (en) * 1986-09-03 1990-07-10 Coors Porcelain Company Ceramic munitions projectile
US5257936A (en) * 1990-02-21 1993-11-02 Luchaire Defense S.A. Rifle-firable training grenade and rifle-grenade firing instruction system

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CH427571A (de) 1966-12-31
NL6501963A (fr) 1965-10-25
FR1433714A (fr) 1966-04-01
BE662881A (fr) 1965-08-17
GB1106788A (en) 1968-03-20
FI41357C (fi) 1969-10-10
AT271268B (de) 1969-05-27
FI41357B (fr) 1969-06-30
NL143038B (nl) 1974-08-15
DE1216736B (de) 1966-05-12

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