US3289545A

US3289545A - Fluid powered hydraulic motor

Info

Publication number: US3289545A
Application number: US520681A
Authority: US
Inventors: Lawson W Duffy
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1966-01-14
Filing date: 1966-01-14
Publication date: 1966-12-06
Anticipated expiration: 1983-12-06

Description

Dec. 6, 1966 w DUFFY 3,289,545

FLUID POWERED HYDRAULIC MOTOR Filed Jan. 14, 1966 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 2/ lOh IOk lOi FIG.6 FIG.7

INVENTOR- LAWSON W. DUFFY ATTORNEYS United States Patent ()1 3,289,545 FLUID POWERED HYDRAULIC MOTOR Lawson W. Duffy, 640 Meadow Ave., Santa Clara, Calif. Filed Jan. 14, 1966, Ser. No. 520,681 7 Claims. (Cl. 91-273) This invention relates to fluid powered hydraulic motors.

An object of this invention is to provide an improved fluid powered hydraulic motor that may be easily and economically manufactured by casting or molding the principal parts thereof out of plastic, metal or the like.

Another object of this invention is to provide an improved fluid powered hydraulic motor that may be employed by connecting it to a municipal Water supply in which the water is furnished under considerable pressure, whereby this pressure may be utilized to do useful work after the water has reached its destination and the pressure is no longer needed.

Still another object of this invention is to provide an improved hydraulic motor which is constructed so that it may be operated with various liquids or gases furnished thereto under pressure.

Other and further objects of this invention will be apparent to those skilled in the art to which it relates from the following specification, claims and drawing in which, briefly:

FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of an hydraulic motor of this invention;

FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along the line 2--2 of FIG. 1 showing one of the exhaust valves partially in section and partially broken away to show part of the exhaust port;

FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken along the line 33 of FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 is a fragmentary sectional view of a modified form of power takeoff employing a rack and pinion;

FIG. 5 is a sectional view taken along the line 5-5 of FIG. 4;

FIG. 6 is a sectional view of another form of power takeofi; and

FIG. 7 is a sectional view taken along the line 77 of FIG. 6.

Referring to the drawing in detail, reference numeral 10 designates the main body or housing of the complete hydraulic motor assembly. The main body 10 is made up of two cylinder heads 10a and 10b which are separated by the gasket 10c and held clamped thereagainst by four bolts 10d. The cylinder heads 10a and 10b contain the

cylindrical working chambers

10e and 10 respectively. The heads 10a and 1012 are also provided with intake ports 11 and 12, respectively, and exhaust ports 13 and 14, respectively, which are concentric with the exhaust ports surrounding the intake ports.

Valves 15 and 16 are provided for closing the intake ports 11 and 12, respectively, and these valves are springloaded by

coil springs

19 and 20, respectively, to urge the valves into closed positions. Suitable recesses are provided in the

plugs

17 and 18 for receiving the

coil springs

19 and 20, respectively, and also for receiving the shafts of the valves 15 and 16, respectively.

Plugs

17 and 18 are threaded into suitable holes provided in the cylinder heads 10a and 10b, respectively. Cylinder heads 10a and 1011 are also provided with passages 10a and 12a, respectively, connecting the intake ports 11 and 12, respectively, to the passage 21 which extends longitudinally through these cylinder heads.

End portions of passage 21 are threaded to receive a suitable plug at one end and to receive a suitable coupling at the other end, whereby the motor may be connected to a pipe or hose supplying hydraulic pressure thereto.

Patented Dec. 6, 196:6

Valves

23 and 24, which are fixedly attached to the rigid rod 22, are provided for closing the exhaust ports 13 and 14, respectively. Springs 19 and press valves 15 and 16, respectively, against the pointed ends of rod 22 which controls the opening and closing of the intake valves 15 and 16 during the operation of this device. Rod 22 is provided with a flange 25 fixedly attached to the central part thereof and coil springs 27 and 28 are positioned around this rod, one on each side of the flange 25.

Pistons 29 and are mounted on the

end flanges

26a and 26b, respectively, of tubular member 26. Springs 27 and 28 and the central part of rod 22 and the flange 25 are enclosed in this tubular member. Pistons 29 and 30 comprise cup-shaped members 2961-291) and 30a-30b. Cup-shaped members 29-30a are attached to flange 26a of tubular member 26, and members 30a and 30b are attached to flange 2617. These cup-shaped members may be made of any suitable material such as rubber, leather, plastic, metal, or the like, and they are assembled back to back so that they are held against the end flanges of the tubular member 26. These cup-shaped members may be attached to these flanges by a suitable clamping washer such as the washer 31 and suitable machine screws such as the machine screw 32a. Each of the

pistons

29 and 30 is made up of two of these cup-shaped members which have oppositely disposed flanges around the circumference v thereof in frictional engagement with the inner wall of is to be driven by this device.

the cylinder cavity.

In each of the cylinder heads 10a and 10b the outer cup-shaped members of the

pistons

29 and 30 have outwardly turned flanges which engage the rod 22 and form a seal therewith so that fluid from the corresponding cylinder cavity does not escape along the rod 22 into the tubular member 26. A suitable power takeoff member 32 is fixedly attached to the tubular member 26 and extends out of the cylinder heads through suitable slots formed therein. The member 32 is attached to the ends of a U- shaped member 33 which is positioned on the outside of the cylinder heads and which may be connected to any device such as the reciprocating member of a mower which The fixed part of the mower may be fixedly attached to one of the cylinder heads, if

desired. v

The exhaust ports 13 and 14 are connected to passages 13a and 14a, respectively, which are connected to the longitudinally extending passage 35 bored through or molded into the cylinders heads 10a and 10b. End portions of the passage 35 may be provided with suitable threads so that this passage may be connected to a pipe or hose at one end of the device and the other end of the passage may be provided with a suitable plug for closing it. The passages 11a, 12a, 13a and 14a also may be bored into the cylinder blocks from the outside thereof and across the

passages

21 and 35, as the case may be, and suitable plugs may be threaded into the end portions of these passages to seal them from the outside.

The

exhaust valve members

23 and 24 are fixedly attached to the rod 22 and these valve members are p0si-. tioned on this rod so that when valve member 23 is in closed position on exhaust port 13, valve member 24 is moved away from exhaust port 14. Thus, port 14 is open and at the same time the end of the rod 22 adjacent to valve member 23 is in engagement with intake valve 15 and holds this valve in open position so that the intake port 11 is open to the passage 11a and fluid is allowed to flow into the cylinder chamber 10e through openings 23a provided in valve member 23. Simultaneously, the end of rod 22 adjacent to the valve member 24 is withdrawn sufliciently to permit valve 16 to close the intake port 12.

The position of the

pistons

29 and 30, shown in FIG. 1, illustrate these pistons in the extreme left hand positions thereof. At this time the intake valve 16 is closed and the exhaust valve 24 is open so that the fluid from chamber f may be exhausted through the port 14 and passages 14a and 35. Also, at this time exhaust valve 23 is closed and intake valve 15 is open so that fluid pressure from passages 21 and 11a may enter the intake port 11 and flow through holes 23a in the valve member 23 into the chamber 10s. This fluid pressure acts both on the piston 29 and on the inner face of exhaust valve member 23. Thus, it holds valve member 23 closed against the exhaust port 13 and, at the same time, moves the piston 29 to the right. Simultaneously, piston 30 and lever 32 are also moved to the right, and spring 27 is compressed while spring 28 is relieved. As piston 31) is moved to the right it finally engages exhaust valve 24 which is fixedly attached to the rod 22, as is also exhaust valve 23. Since the effective area of piston 24 is greater than the effective area of exhaust valve 23, this exhaust valve is unseated from its closing position on efiaust port 13. At the same time the energy stored in spring 27, which .is being compressed, actuates rod 22 through flange 25 and causes exhaust valve 24 to seat on the exhaust port 14 and also to open intake valve 1 6. Fluid pressure from passages 21 and 12a enters intake port 12 and proceeds through holes 24a in exhaust valve 24 into the chamber 10f. This fluid pressure holds exhaust valve 24 seated on exhaust port 1 4 and also acts against piston 30 to move the piston assembly to the left in the second half of the cycle of operation.

In FIGS. 4, 5, 6 and 7 different forms of power takeoff that may be used with this device are shown. A rack 37 is attached to the tubular member 26, as shown in FIG. 4, and a pinion gear 38 that is supported on shaft 39 meshes with the teeth of rack 37 so that power may be taken off of shaft 39. Shaft 39 is journaled in member 10g which is in the form of a ring inserted between the cylinder heads 10a and 10b between gaskets 1011 and 101' which are provided to prevent fluid leakage from

passages

21 and 35.

The lever 41 is pivotally attached to the member 10k by shaft 42, as shown in FIG. 6. Rollers 43 are provided to the inner ends of lever 41 and these rollers are positioned in recesses formed in member 45 which is fixedly attached to the tubular member 26. Thus, as the member 40 is moved back and forth during the operation of the device, the outer end of lever 41 is also moved back and forth and may impart this motion to a work load attached thereto.

While I have shown a preferred embodiment of the invention, it will be understood that the invention is capable of variation and modification so that its scope should be limited only by the scope of the claims appended hereto.

What I claim is:

1. In a hydraulic motor, the combination of a housing having a cylindrical cavity therein, piston means slidably positioned in said cavity, said piston means dividing said cavity into working chambers on opposite sides thereof, each of said working chambers having an intake port and an exhaust port, intake valve means, a rigid member extending between said intake valve means for controlling said valve means whereby said intake ports are opened and closed alternately, exhaust valve means associated with said exhaust ports, passages supplying fluid under pressure to said working chambers through the intake ports when the intake valve means thereof is open, passages exhausting fluid from said working chamhers through the exhaust ports when the exhaust valve means thereof is open, each of said exhaust valve means having an area in the corresponding working chamber exposed to hydraulic pressure in that working chamber sufficient to hold the exhaust valve means in that working chamber closed when the intake valve means thereof is opened, said exhaust valve means being attached to spaced points on said rigid member such that when the exhaust valve means of one of said working chambers is closed, the intake valve means of said one working chamber is opened by said rigid member, resilient means controlled by said piston means and acting on said rigid member shifting said rigid member and the exhaust valve means carried thereby to open the exhaust valve means of said one working chamber when the iston means in said one working chamber has been moved to expand this chamber to its maximum volume, said rigid member simultaneously closing the exhaust valve means in the other of said working chambers and opening intake valve means of this latter chamber, and means coupling said piston means to a work load.

'2. In a hydraulic motor, the combination as set forth in claim 1, further comprising means pressing said intake valve means against said rigid member so that movement of said rigid member controls the opening of one of said intake valve means and the closing of the other of said intake valve means.

3. In a hydraulic motor, the combination of a housing having a cylindrical cavity therein as set forth in claim 2, further characterized in that said piston means comprises two spaced pistons connected by a tubular member positioned therebet-ween.

4. In a hydraulic motor, the combination as set forth in claim 3, further characterized in that the intake port and exhaust port of each of said working chambers are substantially concentric with the exhaust port surrounding the intake port and said rigid member extending through said tubular member.

5. In a hydraulic motor, the combination of a housing having a cylindrical cavity therein as set forth in claim 4, further characterized in that said rigid member is provided with a flange attached thereto, said flange being positioned in said tubular member, said resilient means comprising springs positioned on opposite sides of said flange and engaging said pistons so that one of said springs is being compressed and the other is being relieved as said pistons are moved by hydraulic pressure in said housing.

6. In a hydraulic motor, the combination as set forth in claim 5, further characterized in that said work load coupling means comprises a member attached to said tubular member.

7. In a hydraulic motor, the combination as set forth in claim 6, further characterized in that said work load coupling means comprises a pinion gear and said member attached to said tubular member comprises a rack having teeth meshing with said pinion gear, and a shaft attached to said pinion gear and projecting out of said housing.

References Cited by the Examiner UNITED STATES PATENTS 791,368 5/1905 Reynolds 91342 1,355,208 10/1920 Bassler 91342 1,458,383 6/1923 Bassler 91342 2,344,802 3/ 1944 Crawford et a1 91-273 2,372,813 4/1945 Darling 91273 2,556,698 6/1951 Loewe 91395 2,768,611 10/1956 Anderson 91395 MARTIN P. SCHWADRON, Primary Examiner. P. E. MASLOUSKY, Assistant Examiner.

Claims

1. IN A HYDRAULIC MOTOR, THE COMBINATION OF A HOUSING HAVING A CYLINDRICAL CAVITY THEREIN, PISTON MEANS SLIDABLY POSITIONED IN SAID CAVITY, SAID PISTON MEANS DIVIDING SAID CAVITY INTO WORKING CHAMBERS ON OPPOSITE SIDES THEREON, EACH OF SAID WORKING CHAMBERS HAVING AN INTAKE PORT AND AN EXHAUST PORT, INTAKE VALVE MEANS, A RIGID MEMBER EXTENDING BETWEEN SAID INTAKE VALVE MEANS FOR CONTROLLING SAID VALVE MEANS WHEREBY SAID INTAKE PORTS ARE OPENED AND CLOSED ALTERNATELY, EXHAUST VALVE MEANS ASSOCIATED WITH SAID EXHAUST PORTS, PASSAGES SUPPLYING FLUID UNDER PRESSURE TO SAID WORKING CHAMBERS THROUGH THE INTAKE PORTS WHEN THE INTAKE VALVE MEANS THEREOF IS OPEN, PASSAGES EXHAUSTING FLUID FROM SAID WORKING CHAMBERS THROUGH THE EXHAUST PORTS WHEN THE EXHAUST VALVE MEANS THEREOF IS OPEN, EACH OF SAID EXHAUST VALVE MEANS HAVING AN AREA IN THE CORRESPONDING WORKING CHAMBER EXPOSED TO HYDRAULIC PRESSURE IN THAT WORKING CHAMBER SUFFICIENT TO HOLD THE EXHAUST VALVE MEANS IN THAT WORKING CHAMBER CLOSED WHEN THE INTAKE VALVE MEANS THEREOF IS OPENED, SAID EXHAUST VALVE MEANS BEING ATTACHED TO SPACED POINTS ON SAID RIGID MEMBER SUCH THAT WHEN THE EXHAUST VALVE MEANS OF ONE OF SAID WORKING CHAMBERS IS CLOSED, THE INTAKE VALVE MEANS OF SAID ONE WORKING CONTROLLED BY SAID PISTON MEANS AND ACTING ON SAID RIDIG MEMBER SHIFTING SAID RIGID MEMBER AND THE EXHAUST VALVE MEANS CARRIED THEREBY CHAMBER HAS BEEN MOVED TO EXPAND MENT CARRIED THEREBY TO PEN THE EXHAUST VALVE MEANS OF SAID ONE WORKING CHAMBER WHEN THE PISTON MEANS IN SAID ONE WORKING CHAMBER HAS BEEN MOVED TO EXPAND THIS CHAMBER TO ITS MAXIMUM VOLUME, SAID RIGID MEMBER SIMULTANEOUSLY CLOSING THE EXHAUST VALVE MEANS IN THE OTHER OF SAID WORKING CHAMBERS AND OPENING INTAKE VALVE MEANS OF THIS LATTER CHAMBER, AND MEANS COUPLING SAID PISTON MEANS TO A WORK LOAD.