US3289502A - Seal placement tool - Google Patents

Seal placement tool Download PDF

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Publication number
US3289502A
US3289502A US423555A US42355565A US3289502A US 3289502 A US3289502 A US 3289502A US 423555 A US423555 A US 423555A US 42355565 A US42355565 A US 42355565A US 3289502 A US3289502 A US 3289502A
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United States
Prior art keywords
bore
valve stem
seal
guide
plunger
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Expired - Lifetime
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US423555A
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Paul J Jessen
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American Motors Corp
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American Motors Corp
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25B—TOOLS OR BENCH DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, FOR FASTENING, CONNECTING, DISENGAGING OR HOLDING
    • B25B27/00—Hand tools, specially adapted for fitting together or separating parts or objects whether or not involving some deformation, not otherwise provided for
    • B25B27/0028—Tools for removing or installing seals
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25B—TOOLS OR BENCH DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, FOR FASTENING, CONNECTING, DISENGAGING OR HOLDING
    • B25B27/00—Hand tools, specially adapted for fitting together or separating parts or objects whether or not involving some deformation, not otherwise provided for
    • B25B27/14—Hand tools, specially adapted for fitting together or separating parts or objects whether or not involving some deformation, not otherwise provided for for assembling objects other than by press fit or detaching same
    • B25B27/28—Hand tools, specially adapted for fitting together or separating parts or objects whether or not involving some deformation, not otherwise provided for for assembling objects other than by press fit or detaching same positioning or withdrawing resilient bushings or the like
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/53—Means to assemble or disassemble
    • Y10T29/53909—Means comprising hand manipulatable tool
    • Y10T29/53913—Aligner or center
    • Y10T29/53917—Tube with tube

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a seal placement tool and has particular reference to a tool for installing a seal in place on a valve stem with reference to the valve stem guide.
  • valve stems project through the cylinder head casting for engagement by a suitable rocker arm and valve guides in the form of elongated sleeves are mounted in the cylinder head casting for reciprocably receiving the valve stems.
  • a seal assembly is mounted at the upper end of each valve guide for encircling the valve stem to prevent escape of lubricating oil at the upper end of the valve guide.
  • the principal object is to provide a seal placement tool which eliminates the disadvantages of prior art tools, thereby reducing spoilage to a minimum while permitting rapid placement of each seal so as to keep labor costs at a minimum.
  • a specific object is to provide a seal placement tool which assures concentricity and accurate axial alignment of the seal assembly with reference to the valve stem and valve stem guide prior to and during placement thereof.
  • FIGURE 1 is a fragmentary side elevational view of the tool in retracted position.
  • FIGURE 2 is a view similar to FIGURE 1 but including the valve stem, guide and cylinder head casting and showing the tool in the position in which the seal has been completely installed on the valve stem with reference to the valve stem guide.
  • FIGURE 3 is an enlarged sectional detail view of the seal as it is initially started on the valve stem prior to use of the seal placement tool.
  • valve stem guide B is mounted in which a valve stem guide B is mounted.
  • the valve stem C is reciprocably mounted with reference to the guide and the seal assembly D encircles the valve stem and the upper end of the valve stem guide for preventing the escape of lubricating oil as the valve stem reciprocates within the guide.
  • each valve stem guide is machined flat and an upwardly projecting shoulder 11 has a cylindrical exterior surface 12 which is at right angles to the casting surface 10.
  • the cylindrical shoulder serves as a locating surface for use with the seal placement tool, which is identified generally by the letter E.
  • Each valve stem guide is provided near its upper end with an annular groove 13 for anchoring the annular flange 14 of the seal with reference to the valve stem guide, and an annular split type locking ring 15 provides sufficient tension for anchoring the seal flange with reference to th guide.
  • the seal placement tool includes an outer sleeve 17 having a cylindrical internal bore 18 terminating With the diametrically reduced bore 20 which, of course, is concentric with cylindrical internal bore 18 and which results in the formation of the annular shoulder 19.
  • a plunger 21 is provided with bore 24 which communicates with diametrically enlarged first counterbore 23 which, in turn, communicates with a further diametrically enlarged second counterbore 22. Bore 24 communicates with the slightly diametrically enlarged bore 25 which continues throughout the remaining length of the plunger.
  • An elongated groove 26 extends lengthwise of the plunger terminating short of the lower end thereof to provide a boss 28.
  • a set screw 29 has its inner end received in the groove 26 and permits reciprocation of the plunger within the outer sleeve while preventing separation of same therefrom.
  • the bore 24 and counterbores 22 and 23 as well as the exterior cylindrical surface 30 are machined within an overall concentricity tolerance of about .002" T.I.R. thereby assuring a high degree of accuracy in the maintenance of axial alignment conditions.
  • the seal assembly includes the body portion 32 which has an annular groove 33 formed in its internal wall to receive the radially outwardly projecting annular fiange 34 of the insert 35.
  • the insert includes the axially extending hub portion 36 which has an inside diameter which is less than the outside diameter of the valve stem so as to provide a snug fit with the outside cylindrical surface 37 of the valve stem.
  • the insert 35 may be formed of a synthetic resin material which is highly resistant to wear, however, which is sufliciently flexible as to be rather easily distorted by hand, such as when installing the fiange portion 33 into the annular groove of the seal body 32.
  • the inside diameter 38 of the seal body beneath the insert is preferably slightly greater (such as by about .010" to .020) than the inside diameter of the insert to facilitate the initial starting of the seal onto the end of the valve stem, as is best shown in FIGURE 3.
  • valve stem is provided with a series of cylindrical lands 40, each having an outside diameter which is common with the outside diameter of the valve stem.
  • Diametrically reduced annular grooves 41 are formed between successive lands for use in conjunction with conventional valve springs of a conventional overhead type internal combustion engine.
  • the significance of the lands MB is that the insert 35 must be driven over the successive lands Without becoming dislodged from the seal body during the placement of the seal assembly into the final position as shown in FIGURE 2. The seal placement tool adequately takes care of this problem.
  • the seal assembly is initially manually started onto the end of the valve stem as shown in FIGURE 3 and then the sleeve 17 is guided over the valve stem until the circular bore 20 is positioned onto the cylindrical shoulder 11 of the cylinder head casting.
  • the inside diameter of bore 20 is only slightly larger than the outside diameter of the cylinder head shoulder 11 thereby accurately positioning the sleeve in a condition of concentricity with reference to the valve stem.
  • the lowermost face 42- of the sleeve is flat and at right angles to the axis of the sleeve so that when it is in engagement with the upper surface 16 of the cylinder casting, then accurate axial alignment of the sleeve and plunger with reference to the valve stem and guide is assured.
  • first counterbore 23 is sufficiently greater (by about .005) than the outside diameter of the seal body at the upper end thereof so as to permit the upper end of the seal body to promptly enter counterbore 23 during the lowering of the plunger.
  • the inside diameter of counterbore 22 is slightly larger (by about .010") than the inside diameter of counterbore 23 so as to permit the diametric expansion of the flange 314 of the seal as the locking ring is expanded preparatory to the reception of same in the annular groove 13.
  • a seal placement tool comprising:
  • said plunger having a bore with an inside diameter slightly greater than the outside diameter of the valve stem;
  • a seal placement tool comprising:
  • said plunger having a bore with an inside diameter slightly greater than the outside diameter of the valve stem;
  • said plunger having a first counterbore communicating with the plunger bore and a second counterbore communicating with the first counterbore;

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Sealing With Elastic Sealing Lips (AREA)

Description

Dec. 1966 P. J. JESSEN SEAL PLACEMENT TOOL Filed Jan. 5, 1965 554 553 as M United States Patent 3,289,502 SEAL PLACEMENT TOOL Paul .I. lessen, Kenosha, Wis., assignor to American Motors Corporation, Kenosha, Wis., a corporation of Maryland Filed .Ian. 5, 1965, Ser. No. 423,555 Claims. (Cl. 8.1-8.1)
The invention relates to a seal placement tool and has particular reference to a tool for installing a seal in place on a valve stem with reference to the valve stem guide.
In an overhead valve type of internal combustion engine, the valve stems project through the cylinder head casting for engagement by a suitable rocker arm and valve guides in the form of elongated sleeves are mounted in the cylinder head casting for reciprocably receiving the valve stems. A seal assembly is mounted at the upper end of each valve guide for encircling the valve stem to prevent escape of lubricating oil at the upper end of the valve guide.
In prior art tools of the type for installing the seal assembly onto the valve stem and guide, the factor of human error was inadequately considered and consequently higher costs were incurred due to seal spoilage and due to the excessive time required in placing each seal. A particular problem involved the tendency of the tool to aberrate from true axial alignment relative to the valve stem thereby causing dislodgement of the seal insert from the main seal body or causing some other form of damage.
The principal object is to provide a seal placement tool which eliminates the disadvantages of prior art tools, thereby reducing spoilage to a minimum while permitting rapid placement of each seal so as to keep labor costs at a minimum.
A specific object is to provide a seal placement tool which assures concentricity and accurate axial alignment of the seal assembly with reference to the valve stem and valve stem guide prior to and during placement thereof.
Other objects and advantages of the invention will be apparent from the ensuing specification and appended drawing in which:
FIGURE 1 is a fragmentary side elevational view of the tool in retracted position.
FIGURE 2 is a view similar to FIGURE 1 but including the valve stem, guide and cylinder head casting and showing the tool in the position in which the seal has been completely installed on the valve stem with reference to the valve stem guide.
FIGURE 3 is an enlarged sectional detail view of the seal as it is initially started on the valve stem prior to use of the seal placement tool.
Referring to FIGURE 2, I have shown a portion of a cylinder head casting A in which a valve stem guide B is mounted. The valve stem C is reciprocably mounted with reference to the guide and the seal assembly D encircles the valve stem and the upper end of the valve stem guide for preventing the escape of lubricating oil as the valve stem reciprocates within the guide.
The upper surface of the cylinder head casting in the area adjacent to each valve stem guide is machined flat and an upwardly projecting shoulder 11 has a cylindrical exterior surface 12 which is at right angles to the casting surface 10. The cylindrical shoulder serves as a locating surface for use with the seal placement tool, which is identified generally by the letter E. Each valve stem guide is provided near its upper end with an annular groove 13 for anchoring the annular flange 14 of the seal with reference to the valve stem guide, and an annular split type locking ring 15 provides sufficient tension for anchoring the seal flange with reference to th guide.
"ice
Referring to FIGURE 1, the seal placement tool includes an outer sleeve 17 having a cylindrical internal bore 18 terminating With the diametrically reduced bore 20 which, of course, is concentric with cylindrical internal bore 18 and which results in the formation of the annular shoulder 19. A plunger 21 is provided with bore 24 which communicates with diametrically enlarged first counterbore 23 which, in turn, communicates with a further diametrically enlarged second counterbore 22. Bore 24 communicates with the slightly diametrically enlarged bore 25 which continues throughout the remaining length of the plunger.
An elongated groove 26 extends lengthwise of the plunger terminating short of the lower end thereof to provide a boss 28. A set screw 29 has its inner end received in the groove 26 and permits reciprocation of the plunger within the outer sleeve while preventing separation of same therefrom. The bore 24 and counterbores 22 and 23 as well as the exterior cylindrical surface 30 are machined within an overall concentricity tolerance of about .002" T.I.R. thereby assuring a high degree of accuracy in the maintenance of axial alignment conditions.
The seal assembly includes the body portion 32 which has an annular groove 33 formed in its internal wall to receive the radially outwardly projecting annular fiange 34 of the insert 35. The insert includes the axially extending hub portion 36 which has an inside diameter which is less than the outside diameter of the valve stem so as to provide a snug fit with the outside cylindrical surface 37 of the valve stem. The insert 35 may be formed of a synthetic resin material which is highly resistant to wear, however, which is sufliciently flexible as to be rather easily distorted by hand, such as when installing the fiange portion 33 into the annular groove of the seal body 32.
The inside diameter 38 of the seal body beneath the insert is preferably slightly greater (such as by about .010" to .020) than the inside diameter of the insert to facilitate the initial starting of the seal onto the end of the valve stem, as is best shown in FIGURE 3.
It will be noted that the upper end of the valve stem is provided with a series of cylindrical lands 40, each having an outside diameter which is common with the outside diameter of the valve stem. Diametrically reduced annular grooves 41 are formed between successive lands for use in conjunction with conventional valve springs of a conventional overhead type internal combustion engine. The significance of the lands MB is that the insert 35 must be driven over the successive lands Without becoming dislodged from the seal body during the placement of the seal assembly into the final position as shown in FIGURE 2. The seal placement tool adequately takes care of this problem.
Thus, in the use of the seal placement tool, the seal assembly is initially manually started onto the end of the valve stem as shown in FIGURE 3 and then the sleeve 17 is guided over the valve stem until the circular bore 20 is positioned onto the cylindrical shoulder 11 of the cylinder head casting. The inside diameter of bore 20 is only slightly larger than the outside diameter of the cylinder head shoulder 11 thereby accurately positioning the sleeve in a condition of concentricity with reference to the valve stem. The lowermost face 42- of the sleeve is flat and at right angles to the axis of the sleeve so that when it is in engagement with the upper surface 16 of the cylinder casting, then accurate axial alignment of the sleeve and plunger with reference to the valve stem and guide is assured.
While holding the end face 42 of the sleeve against the surface of the cylinder head casting, the plunger 21 4.3 can then be promptly lowered rather rapidly (since concentricity and axial alignment is assured) and the upper end of the seal body enters the first counterbore 23, the end face 44 thereof engaging the annular shoulder or inclined surface 45. The inside diameter of first counterbore 23 is sufficiently greater (by about .005) than the outside diameter of the seal body at the upper end thereof so as to permit the upper end of the seal body to promptly enter counterbore 23 during the lowering of the plunger.
As the upper end of the valve stem enters bore 24, a further assurance of concentricity and axial alignment is obtained as the plunger continues downwardly during the placement of the seal assembly into the final position as shown in FIGURE 2. At the moment the seal assembly is placed in final position, the lower end face 47 of the plunger engages the annular shoulder 19 to terminate downward movement of the plunger relative to the sleeve.
The inside diameter of counterbore 22 is slightly larger (by about .010") than the inside diameter of counterbore 23 so as to permit the diametric expansion of the flange 314 of the seal as the locking ring is expanded preparatory to the reception of same in the annular groove 13.
I have found that the placement of each seal assembly can be done very rapidly without error and consequently without spoilage.
I claim:
1. For use in placing an elastic annular seal having axially spaced concentric sealing surfaces in situs on a valve stem and on a hollow valve stem guide, wherein the valve stem is reciprocable in the guide and projects beyond the end of the guide and wherein the guide is mounted in a cylinder head having a locating shoulder encircling the guide, a seal placement tool comprising:
(a) a sleeve having an end wall with a bore therethrough having an inside diameter slightly larger than the outside diameter of the locating shoulder whereby the end wall encircles the shoulder;
(b) said sleeve having an internal bore concentric with the end wall bore;
(0) said end wall having an end face lying in a plane at right angles to the axis of the sleeve end wall bore and sleeve internal bore;
(d) a plunger reciprocably mounted in the sleeve internal bore;
(e) said plunger having a bore with an inside diameter slightly greater than the outside diameter of the valve stem;
(if) said plunger having a first counterbore communicating with the plunger bore and a second counterbore communicating with the first counterbore;
(g) an annular shoulder formed at the junction of plunger bore and first counterbore for engaging the end of the seal.
2. A seal placement tool as set forth in claim 1 wherein the inside diameter of the'second counterbore in the plunger is greater than the outside diameter of the seal to permit radial expansion of the seal during placement on the valve stem and valve stem guide.
3. A seal placement tool as set forth in claim 2 wherein means on the sleeve and plunger interengage for preventing relative rotation therebetween and for preventing separation of the plunger relative to the sleeve.
4. For use in placing an elastic annular seal having axially spaced concentric sealing surfaces in situs on a valve stem and on a hollow valve stem guide, wherein the valve stem is reciprocable in the guide and projects beyond the end of the guide and wherein the guide is mounted in a cylinder head having a locating shoulder encircling the guide and a flat surface surrounding the shoulder and lying in a plane at right angles to the axis of the shoulder, a seal placement tool comprising:
(a) a sleeve having. an end wall with a bore therethrough having an inside diameter slightly larger than the outside diameter of the locating shoulder whereby the end wall encircles the shoulder;
(b) said sleeve having an internal bore concentric with the end wall bore;
(c) an annular shoulder formed at the base of the sleeve internal bore and lying in a plane at right angles to the axis thereof;
(d) said end wall having an end face lying in a plane at right angles to the axis of the sleeve end wall bore and sleeve internal bore and engaging the flat surface on the cylinder head;
(e) a plunger reciprocably mounted in the sleeve internal bore and engaging the annular sleeve shoulder to terminate the placement of the seal;
(f) said plunger having a bore with an inside diameter slightly greater than the outside diameter of the valve stem;
(g) said plunger having a first counterbore communicating with the plunger bore and a second counterbore communicating with the first counterbore;
(h) an annular shoulder formed at the junction of plunger bore and first counterbore for engaging the end of the seal.
5. A seal placement tool as set forth in claim 4 wherein the inside diameter of the second counterbore in the plunger is greater than the outside diameter of the seal to permit radial expansion of the seal during placement on the valve stem and valve stem guide.
References Cited by the Examiner UNITED STATES PATENTS 1,393,605 10/1921 Bergskaug 818.1 2,852,838 9/1958 Krutmeijer 29-275 WILLIAM FELDMAN, Primary Examiner.
I. C. PETERS, Assistant Examiner.

Claims (1)

1. FOR USE IN PLACING AN ELASTIC ANNULAR SEAL HAVING AXIALLY SPACED CONCENTRIC SEALING SURFACES IN SITUS ON A VALVE STEM AND ON A HOLLOW VALVE STEM GUIDE, WHEREIN THE VALVE STEM IS RECIPROCABLE IN THE GUIDE AND PROJECTS BEYOND THE END OF THE GUIDE AND WHEREIN THE GUIDE IS MOUNTED IN A CYLINDER HEAD HAVING A LOCATING SHOULDER ENCIRCLING THE GUIDE, A SEAL PLACEMENT TOOL COMPRISING: (A) A SLEEVE HAVING AN END WALL WITH A BORE THERETHROUGH HAVING AN INSIDE DIAMETER SLIGHTLY LARGER THAN THE OUTSIDE DIAMETER OF THE LOCATING SHOULDER WHEREBY THE END WALL ENCIRCLES THE SHOULDER; (B) SAID SLEEVE HAVING AN INTERNAL BORE CONCENTRIC WITH THE END WALL BORE; (C) SAID END WALL HAVING AN END FACE LYING IN A PLANE AT RIGHT ANGLES TO THE AXIS OF THE SLEEVE END WALL BORE AND SLEEVE INTERNAL BORE; (D) A PLUNGER RECIPROCABLY MOUNTED IN THE SLEEVE INTERNAL BORE; (E) SAID PLUNGER HAVING A BORE WITH AN INSIDE DIAMETER SLIGHTLY GREATER THAN THE OUTSIDE DIAMETER OF THE VALVE STEM; (F) SAID PLUNGER HAVING A FIRST COUNTERBORE COMMUNICATING WITH THE PLUNGER BORE AND A SECOND COUNTERBORE COMMUNICATING WITH THE FIRST COUNTERBORE; (G) AN ANNULAR SHOULDER FORMED AT THE JUNCTION OF PLUNGER BORE AND FIRST COUNTERBORE FOR ENGAGING THE END OF THE SEAL.
US423555A 1965-01-05 1965-01-05 Seal placement tool Expired - Lifetime US3289502A (en)

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3386154A (en) * 1966-04-29 1968-06-04 Federal Mogul Corp Oil seal assembly sleeve
US11413635B2 (en) 2018-10-26 2022-08-16 Graco Minnesota Inc. Mix chamber for a plural component sprayer

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1393605A (en) * 1921-02-09 1921-10-11 Bergskaug Karl Packing-tool
US2852838A (en) * 1954-07-03 1958-09-23 Saab Scania Ab Tool for mounting anti-friction bearings

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1393605A (en) * 1921-02-09 1921-10-11 Bergskaug Karl Packing-tool
US2852838A (en) * 1954-07-03 1958-09-23 Saab Scania Ab Tool for mounting anti-friction bearings

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3386154A (en) * 1966-04-29 1968-06-04 Federal Mogul Corp Oil seal assembly sleeve
US11413635B2 (en) 2018-10-26 2022-08-16 Graco Minnesota Inc. Mix chamber for a plural component sprayer
US11541405B2 (en) 2018-10-26 2023-01-03 Graco Minnesota Inc. Fluid cartridge for a plural component sprayer
US11633748B2 (en) 2018-10-26 2023-04-25 Graco Minnesota Inc. Fluid cartridge for a plural component sprayer
US11896992B2 (en) 2018-10-26 2024-02-13 Graco Minnesota Inc. Mix chamber for a plural component sprayer

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