US3286118A - Electric incandescent lamps - Google Patents

Electric incandescent lamps Download PDF

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Publication number
US3286118A
US3286118A US291319A US29131963A US3286118A US 3286118 A US3286118 A US 3286118A US 291319 A US291319 A US 291319A US 29131963 A US29131963 A US 29131963A US 3286118 A US3286118 A US 3286118A
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Prior art keywords
envelope
filament
sealed
rims
members
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US291319A
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Arthur S Vause
John W T Wright
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Associated Electrical Industries Ltd
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Associated Electrical Industries Ltd
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01K—ELECTRIC INCANDESCENT LAMPS
    • H01K1/00—Details
    • H01K1/28—Envelopes; Vessels
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01K—ELECTRIC INCANDESCENT LAMPS
    • H01K1/00—Details
    • H01K1/38—Seals for leading-in conductors
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01K—ELECTRIC INCANDESCENT LAMPS
    • H01K9/00—Lamps having two or more incandescent bodies separately heated

Definitions

  • This invention relates to electric incandescent lamps.
  • incandescent lamps have generally comprised a filament assembly sealed into one end of an evacuated, or gas-filled glass bulb, the seal being covered with a protective cap which serves to support the lamp in a holder and by which the electrical connections to the filament are made.
  • incandescent lamps known as architectural and festoon lamps comprise a tubular glass envelope having a filament extending axially. therein, the electrical connections to the filament passing through seals located at the ends of the envelope.
  • an electric incandescent lamp has a sealed envelope comprising two preformed members of generally rectangular configuration and of light transmitting vitreous material sealed together along their adjacent flanged peripheries with at least one filament supported, within the envelope with each electrical connection thereto extending in sealed relation through opposed edges of the joint. between the members to the exterior of the envelope.
  • the two pre-formed members are so shaped that when they are sealed together the resulting envelope is in the form of a hollow panel which is suitable for mounting directly on either a wall or ceiling.
  • Each member may be in the form of a trough provided at its mouth with an outwardly turned flat rim, and in order to form the envelope the members are assembled in face-to-fa'ce relation with their rims in juxtaposition, the rims being then sealed together along their periphery.
  • a plurality of filaments may be provided within the envelope, and, if desired, separate electrical connections may be made to each filament so that by energising one or more of the filaments the light output of the lamp may be varied.
  • the electrical connections which support the filament or filaments within the envelope extend through the sealed joint between the two members to the exterior of the envelope, and by choosing for the conductor providing the connections to the filament a metal which has a temperature coefficient of expansion compatible with that of the vitreous material of which the members are formed, the risk of the seal breaking down when heated is reduced.
  • the lamp will most often be mounted with the filament or filaments substantially horizontal by providing a suitable fitting which surrounds the envelope and to which the lamp is secured along at least part of its periphery.
  • the fitting will be generally of electrically insulating material, but having contacts provided which engage with the electrical connections which extend through the joint between the members forming the envelope.
  • Conventional electric incandescent lamps are usually operated with the support cap uppermost, and in this way the seal at the end of the glass bulb and the protective cap are at the hottest portion of the lamp; but an incandescent lamp in accordance with the present invention is conveniently secured to the fitting along at least part of its outer periphery and the seal between the tWo vitreous members can be arranged to be the coolest part of the lamp.
  • Each of the electrical connections to the filament which extend to the exterior of the envelope may be terminated in a looped portion which serves as a terminal member by which the electrical supply is applied to the filament.
  • the looped portion may follow the contour of the envelope in the vicinity of the seal through which the connection emerges from the envelope.
  • each of the electricalconnec-tions which extend to the exterior of the envelope is secured to one of a plurality of clips of conducting resilient material which are positioned on the flanged periphery of the envelope.
  • FIG. 1 is a perspective view of one embodiment of the invention
  • FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a further embodiment of the invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a perspective view of an alternative embodiment of the invention.
  • Reference numerals 1 and 2 denote pre-formed members of light transmitting vitreous material which are of generally rectangular configuration.
  • the vitreous material may be, for example, a glass having suitable physical characteristics, fused silica, or a translucent sintered ceramic, and the members are formed by casting techniques or by distorting vitreous ribbon or sheet which has been raised to a temperature at which it is pliable.
  • Each memher is in the form of a trough having at its month an outwardly turned flat rim 3.
  • the inner and outer surfaces of the members may be provided with a diffusing, fully reflec'ting, or selective reflecting coating.
  • one or both of the pre-formed members may be made with prismatic or other flutes to retract light emitted into the desired directions.
  • the surface of one or both of the members may be provided with a decorative design, if required.
  • the envelope is formed by positioning the two members together in face-to-face relation with their rims in contact and sealing them together along the periphery of the rims.
  • At least one filament 4 is located within the envelope with the electrical connections thereto extending in sealed relation through opposed edges of the joint between the members to the exterior of the envelope.
  • one filament is provided, and in the embodiments of FIGS. 2 and 3, four and three filaments, respectively, are employed.
  • the lamp is assembled by sandwiching one or more filaments and their connections between the adjacent rims of the two members and applying heat and pressure to the adjacent flanged surfaces of the members, thereby sealing the assembly. Exhausting and/or gasfilling of the envelope is carried out by means of a tube extending through an opening in the periphery of one of the members, the tube being subsequently sealed off.
  • the electrical connections to the filaments or each filament extend in sealed relation through the joint and are terminated by contact strips 5 of resilient material which are located on the flanged periphery 3 of the envelope, and one of the electrical connections to the filament is connected to each strip. Two or more of the contact strips may be connected together so that the filaments are in series/parallel relation in order that one or more of the filaments may be energized as required.
  • FIG. 3 shows an embodiment of the invention in which a portion of each electrical connection to the filament which extends to the exterior of the envelope is terminated in a looped portion 6 which serves as a terminal the contour thereof.
  • the looped portion may follow the contour of the envelope in the vicinity of the seal through which the connection emenges from the envelope.
  • the connections or each electrical connection which extends through the wall of the envelope is conveniently in the form of a thin wire which can easily be flattened into engagement with the wall of the envelope, so as to follow If, however, the power rating of the filaments demands the electrical connections to be of thicker dimensions the resilience of the material from which the conductor is formed may make it impossible for the looped-portion to be flattened completely into engagement with the wall of the envelope, in which case at least part of the looped portion will be spaced apart by a small distance from the wall of the envelope.
  • the end of the looped portion 6 of each connection is returned into the joint between the two pre-formed members on the same side of the envelope and is hermetically sealed therein.
  • the two ends of the loop are thus rigidly secured in the joint between the two preformed members, and the loop serves as a terminal member.
  • the loop extending between the two rigidly secured ends of the connection may be flattened down on to the wall of the envelope in the vicinity of the sealed ends of the connection to take up the contour of the wall.
  • the single filament comprises three sections and the connections 4a between adjacent sections are sealed in the joint between the members.
  • An electric incandescent lamp comprising a sealed light transmitting envelope composed of two trough shaped members with rims sealed together in opposed relation with the rims in contact, at least one filament within the envelope and electrical connections from respective ends of each filament extending in sealed relation between said rims to the exterior of the envelope with the end of each connection remote from the filament sealed between said rims to provide a looped terminal member for the filament.
  • An electric incandescent lamp comprising a sealed light transmitting envelope composed of two trough shaped members with outwardly flanged rims sealed together in opposed relation with the rims in contact, at least one filament within theenvelope and electrical connections from respective ends of each filament extending in sealed relation between said flanged rims to the exterior of the envelope with the end of each connection remote from the filament sealed between said flanged rims to provide a loop terminal member for the filament.
  • An erlectricin-candescent lamp comprising a sealed light transmitting envelope composed of two trough shaped members with outwardly flanged rims sealed together in opposed relation with the rims in contact, at least one filament within the envelope, and electrical connections from respective ends of each filament extending in sealed relation between said flanged rims to the exterior of the envelope with the end of each connection remote from the filament sealed between said flanged rims adjacent the other portion of the connection extending between said flanged rims to provide a looped terminal member for the filament.
  • An electric incandescent lamp comprising a sealed light transmitting envelope composed of two generally rectangular trough shaped members with rims sealed together in opposed relation with the rims in contact, at least one filament within the envelope arranged with its axis generally normal to the longitudinal axis of the envelope and electrical connections from respective ends of each filament extending in sealed relation between the rims along the longer sides of the envelope to the exterior thereof with the end of each connection remote from the filament sealed between said rims to provide a looped terminal member forthe filament.

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  • Resistance Heating (AREA)
  • Non-Portable Lighting Devices Or Systems Thereof (AREA)

Description

1966 A. s. VAUSE ET AL 3,286,118
ELECTRIC INCANDESCENT LAMPS Filed June 28, 1963 United States Patent 3,286,118 ELECTRIC INCANDESCENT'LAMRS. I Arthur S. Vause, Rugby, and John W. T. Wrrght,-'Le1- cester, England, assignors to Associated Electrical Industries Limited, Londo'n,E'ngland, a British compan Filed June 28, 1963, Ser. No. 291,319 1 Claims priority, application Great Britain, July 6, 1962,
26,0 5/62 5 Claims. (Cl. 313-318) This invention relates to electric incandescent lamps. Heretofore incandescent lamps have generally comprised a filament assembly sealed into one end of an evacuated, or gas-filled glass bulb, the seal being covered with a protective cap which serves to support the lamp in a holder and by which the electrical connections to the filament are made.
However, incandescent lamps known as architectural and festoon lamps comprise a tubular glass envelope having a filament extending axially. therein, the electrical connections to the filament passing through seals located at the ends of the envelope.
In accordance with the present invention, an electric incandescent lamp has a sealed envelope comprising two preformed members of generally rectangular configuration and of light transmitting vitreous material sealed together along their adjacent flanged peripheries with at least one filament supported, within the envelope with each electrical connection thereto extending in sealed relation through opposed edges of the joint. between the members to the exterior of the envelope.
The two pre-formed members are so shaped that when they are sealed together the resulting envelope is in the form of a hollow panel which is suitable for mounting directly on either a wall or ceiling. Each member may be in the form of a trough provided at its mouth with an outwardly turned flat rim, and in order to form the envelope the members are assembled in face-to-fa'ce relation with their rims in juxtaposition, the rims being then sealed together along their periphery.
A plurality of filaments may be provided within the envelope, and, if desired, separate electrical connections may be made to each filament so that by energising one or more of the filaments the light output of the lamp may be varied. The electrical connections which support the filament or filaments within the envelope extend through the sealed joint between the two members to the exterior of the envelope, and by choosing for the conductor providing the connections to the filament a metal which has a temperature coefficient of expansion compatible with that of the vitreous material of which the members are formed, the risk of the seal breaking down when heated is reduced.
It is envisaged that the lamp will most often be mounted with the filament or filaments substantially horizontal by providing a suitable fitting which surrounds the envelope and to which the lamp is secured along at least part of its periphery. The fitting will be generally of electrically insulating material, but having contacts provided which engage with the electrical connections which extend through the joint between the members forming the envelope. Conventional electric incandescent lamps are usually operated with the support cap uppermost, and in this way the seal at the end of the glass bulb and the protective cap are at the hottest portion of the lamp; but an incandescent lamp in accordance with the present invention is conveniently secured to the fitting along at least part of its outer periphery and the seal between the tWo vitreous members can be arranged to be the coolest part of the lamp.
Each of the electrical connections to the filament which extend to the exterior of the envelope may be terminated in a looped portion which serves as a terminal member by which the electrical supply is applied to the filament. The looped portion may follow the contour of the envelope in the vicinity of the seal through which the connection emerges from the envelope.
In an alternative embodiment of the invention, each of the electricalconnec-tions which extend to the exterior of the envelope is secured to one of a plurality of clips of conducting resilient material which are positioned on the flanged periphery of the envelope.
In order that the invention may be more readily understood, it will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of one embodiment of the invention,
FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a further embodiment of the invention, and
FIG. 3 is a perspective view of an alternative embodiment of the invention. Reference numerals 1 and 2 denote pre-formed members of light transmitting vitreous material which are of generally rectangular configuration. The vitreous material may be, for example, a glass having suitable physical characteristics, fused silica, or a translucent sintered ceramic, and the members are formed by casting techniques or by distorting vitreous ribbon or sheet which has been raised to a temperature at which it is pliable. Each memher is in the form of a trough having at its month an outwardly turned flat rim 3. To improve the operation or appearance of the lamp, the inner and outer surfaces of the members may be provided with a diffusing, fully reflec'ting, or selective reflecting coating. If it is desired to control the direction of light emission from the lamp, one or both of the pre-formed members may be made with prismatic or other flutes to retract light emitted into the desired directions. The surface of one or both of the members may be provided with a decorative design, if required.
The envelope is formed by positioning the two members together in face-to-face relation with their rims in contact and sealing them together along the periphery of the rims. At least one filament 4 is located within the envelope with the electrical connections thereto extending in sealed relation through opposed edges of the joint between the members to the exterior of the envelope. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, one filament is provided, and in the embodiments of FIGS. 2 and 3, four and three filaments, respectively, are employed.
The lamp is assembled by sandwiching one or more filaments and their connections between the adjacent rims of the two members and applying heat and pressure to the adjacent flanged surfaces of the members, thereby sealing the assembly. Exhausting and/or gasfilling of the envelope is carried out by means of a tube extending through an opening in the periphery of one of the members, the tube being subsequently sealed off.
In the embodiments of the invention shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the electrical connections to the filaments or each filament extend in sealed relation through the joint and are terminated by contact strips 5 of resilient material which are located on the flanged periphery 3 of the envelope, and one of the electrical connections to the filament is connected to each strip. Two or more of the contact strips may be connected together so that the filaments are in series/parallel relation in order that one or more of the filaments may be energized as required.
FIG. 3 shows an embodiment of the invention in which a portion of each electrical connection to the filament which extends to the exterior of the envelope is terminated in a looped portion 6 which serves as a terminal the contour thereof.
member by which the electrical supply may be applied to the filament. The looped portion may follow the contour of the envelope in the vicinity of the seal through which the connection emenges from the envelope.
When the filament of the lamp is of low power rating, the connections or each electrical connection which extends through the wall of the envelope is conveniently in the form of a thin wire which can easily be flattened into engagement with the wall of the envelope, so as to follow If, however, the power rating of the filaments demands the electrical connections to be of thicker dimensions the resilience of the material from which the conductor is formed may make it impossible for the looped-portion to be flattened completely into engagement with the wall of the envelope, in which case at least part of the looped portion will be spaced apart by a small distance from the wall of the envelope.
The end of the looped portion 6 of each connection is returned into the joint between the two pre-formed members on the same side of the envelope and is hermetically sealed therein. The two ends of the loop are thus rigidly secured in the joint between the two preformed members, and the loop serves as a terminal member. If desired, the loop extending between the two rigidly secured ends of the connection may be flattened down on to the wall of the envelope in the vicinity of the sealed ends of the connection to take up the contour of the wall. The single filament comprises three sections and the connections 4a between adjacent sections are sealed in the joint between the members.
What we claim is:
1. An electric incandescent lamp comprising a sealed light transmitting envelope composed of two trough shaped members with rims sealed together in opposed relation with the rims in contact, at least one filament within the envelope and electrical connections from respective ends of each filament extending in sealed relation between said rims to the exterior of the envelope with the end of each connection remote from the filament sealed between said rims to provide a looped terminal member for the filament.
2. An electric incandescent lamp comprising a sealed light transmitting envelope composed of two trough shaped members with outwardly flanged rims sealed together in opposed relation with the rims in contact, at least one filament within theenvelope and electrical connections from respective ends of each filament extending in sealed relation between said flanged rims to the exterior of the envelope with the end of each connection remote from the filament sealed between said flanged rims to provide a loop terminal member for the filament.
3. An erlectricin-candescent lamp comprising a sealed light transmitting envelope composed of two trough shaped members with outwardly flanged rims sealed together in opposed relation with the rims in contact, at least one filament within the envelope, and electrical connections from respective ends of each filament extending in sealed relation between said flanged rims to the exterior of the envelope with the end of each connection remote from the filament sealed between said flanged rims adjacent the other portion of the connection extending between said flanged rims to provide a looped terminal member for the filament.
4. An electric incandescent lamp comprising a sealed light transmitting envelope composed of two generally rectangular trough shaped members with rims sealed together in opposed relation with the rims in contact, at least one filament within the envelope arranged with its axis generally normal to the longitudinal axis of the envelope and electrical connections from respective ends of each filament extending in sealed relation between the rims along the longer sides of the envelope to the exterior thereof with the end of each connection remote from the filament sealed between said rims to provide a looped terminal member forthe filament.
5. An electric incandescent lamp as claimed in claim 4, in which the rims are flanged and a single filament divided between its ends to form at least two sections is provided with the'sections arranged normal to the longitudinal axis of the envelope and the connections between adjacent sections of the envelope located between said flanged rims.
References Cited by the Examiner UNITED STATES PATENTS DAVID J. GALVIN, Primary Examiner.

Claims (1)

1. AN ELECTRIC INCANDESCENT LAMP COMPRISING A SEALED LIGHT TRANSMITTING EVELOPE COMPOSED OF TWO TROUGH SHAPED MEMBERS WITH RIMS SEALED TOGETHER IN OPPOSED RELATION WITH THE RIMS IN CONTACT, AT LEAST ONE FILAMENT WITHIN THE ENVELOPE AND ELECTRICAL CONNECTIONS FROM RESPECTIVE ENDS OF EACH FILAMENT EXTENDING IN SEALED RELA-
US291319A 1962-07-06 1963-06-28 Electric incandescent lamps Expired - Lifetime US3286118A (en)

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GB26055/62A GB980142A (en) 1962-07-06 1962-07-06 Improvements in electric incandescent lamps

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US3286118A true US3286118A (en) 1966-11-15

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BE (1) BE634508A (en)
ES (1) ES289619A1 (en)
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NL (1) NL294919A (en)

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3375394A (en) * 1966-05-06 1968-03-26 Ohmega Lab Multifilament light
US3422302A (en) * 1967-04-11 1969-01-14 Wagner Electric Corp Lamp lead wire terminal
US3791710A (en) * 1972-03-24 1974-02-12 Wagner Electric Corp Method for producing a multiple filamented cartridge lamp
US3875452A (en) * 1970-03-12 1975-04-01 Vere Krause Anthony Victor De Cathode ray tube with longitudinally seamed body portions
US4034253A (en) * 1975-03-26 1977-07-05 Yamato Denshi Co., Ltd. Glass cover plate for a flat display panel having marginal projections
US4320324A (en) * 1978-12-30 1982-03-16 Stanley Electric Co., Ltd. Flat fluorescent lamp

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH03132788A (en) * 1989-10-19 1991-06-06 Kiyoshi Nagai Light emission display device and stem for light emission display device
GB2312314A (en) * 1996-04-16 1997-10-22 Smiths Industries Plc Light emitting assemblies
GB9607862D0 (en) * 1996-04-16 1996-06-19 Smiths Industries Plc Light-emitting assemblies
DE102006008041A1 (en) * 2006-02-21 2007-08-23 Patent-Treuhand-Gesellschaft für elektrische Glühlampen mbH Plate shaped electric lamp manufacturing method involves modular manufacturing of electrical lamp, where functional unit is inserted between two plate-like elements, which are joined together

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2929668A (en) * 1956-10-31 1960-03-22 Westinghouse Electric Corp Electron discharge device
US3093768A (en) * 1961-02-01 1963-06-11 Gen Electric Electric lamp base end structure

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2929668A (en) * 1956-10-31 1960-03-22 Westinghouse Electric Corp Electron discharge device
US3093768A (en) * 1961-02-01 1963-06-11 Gen Electric Electric lamp base end structure

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3375394A (en) * 1966-05-06 1968-03-26 Ohmega Lab Multifilament light
US3422302A (en) * 1967-04-11 1969-01-14 Wagner Electric Corp Lamp lead wire terminal
US3875452A (en) * 1970-03-12 1975-04-01 Vere Krause Anthony Victor De Cathode ray tube with longitudinally seamed body portions
US3791710A (en) * 1972-03-24 1974-02-12 Wagner Electric Corp Method for producing a multiple filamented cartridge lamp
US4034253A (en) * 1975-03-26 1977-07-05 Yamato Denshi Co., Ltd. Glass cover plate for a flat display panel having marginal projections
US4320324A (en) * 1978-12-30 1982-03-16 Stanley Electric Co., Ltd. Flat fluorescent lamp

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BE634508A (en) 1963-11-18
NL294919A (en) 1965-04-26
GB980142A (en) 1965-01-13
ES289619A1 (en) 1963-11-01

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