US3281621A - Display storage tube with solenoidal focus and simultaneous deflection of writing and flood beams - Google Patents

Display storage tube with solenoidal focus and simultaneous deflection of writing and flood beams Download PDF

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Publication number
US3281621A
US3281621A US343975A US34397564A US3281621A US 3281621 A US3281621 A US 3281621A US 343975 A US343975 A US 343975A US 34397564 A US34397564 A US 34397564A US 3281621 A US3281621 A US 3281621A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
screen
storage
flood
writing
tube
Prior art date
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Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US343975A
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English (en)
Inventor
Robert H Clayton
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
TDK Micronas GmbH
International Telephone and Telegraph Corp
Original Assignee
Deutsche ITT Industries GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority to GB1052351D priority Critical patent/GB1052351A/en
Priority to US330288A priority patent/US3277333A/en
Application filed by Deutsche ITT Industries GmbH filed Critical Deutsche ITT Industries GmbH
Priority to US343975A priority patent/US3281621A/en
Priority to US345785A priority patent/US3281622A/en
Priority to FR998381A priority patent/FR1417059A/fr
Priority to DEST23331A priority patent/DE1285628B/de
Priority to CH178865A priority patent/CH425888A/de
Priority to FR5176A priority patent/FR88174E/fr
Priority to FR6100A priority patent/FR88175E/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3281621A publication Critical patent/US3281621A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J31/00—Cathode ray tubes; Electron beam tubes
    • H01J31/08—Cathode ray tubes; Electron beam tubes having a screen on or from which an image or pattern is formed, picked up, converted, or stored
    • H01J31/10—Image or pattern display tubes, i.e. having electrical input and optical output; Flying-spot tubes for scanning purposes
    • H01J31/12—Image or pattern display tubes, i.e. having electrical input and optical output; Flying-spot tubes for scanning purposes with luminescent screen
    • H01J31/18—Image or pattern display tubes, i.e. having electrical input and optical output; Flying-spot tubes for scanning purposes with luminescent screen with image written by a ray or beam on a grid-like charge-accumulating screen, and with a ray or beam passing through and influenced by this screen before striking the luminescent screen, e.g. direct-view storage tube
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J29/00—Details of cathode-ray tubes or of electron-beam tubes of the types covered by group H01J31/00
    • H01J29/46—Arrangements of electrodes and associated parts for generating or controlling the ray or beam, e.g. electron-optical arrangement
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J29/00—Details of cathode-ray tubes or of electron-beam tubes of the types covered by group H01J31/00
    • H01J29/46—Arrangements of electrodes and associated parts for generating or controlling the ray or beam, e.g. electron-optical arrangement
    • H01J29/58—Arrangements for focusing or reflecting ray or beam
    • H01J29/64—Magnetic lenses
    • H01J29/66—Magnetic lenses using electromagnetic means only
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J31/00—Cathode ray tubes; Electron beam tubes
    • H01J31/08—Cathode ray tubes; Electron beam tubes having a screen on or from which an image or pattern is formed, picked up, converted, or stored
    • H01J31/58—Tubes for storage of image or information pattern or for conversion of definition of television or like images, i.e. having electrical input and electrical output
    • H01J31/60—Tubes for storage of image or information pattern or for conversion of definition of television or like images, i.e. having electrical input and electrical output having means for deflecting, either selectively or sequentially, an electron ray on to separate surface elements of the screen
    • H01J31/62—Tubes for storage of image or information pattern or for conversion of definition of television or like images, i.e. having electrical input and electrical output having means for deflecting, either selectively or sequentially, an electron ray on to separate surface elements of the screen with separate reading and writing rays
    • H01J31/64—Tubes for storage of image or information pattern or for conversion of definition of television or like images, i.e. having electrical input and electrical output having means for deflecting, either selectively or sequentially, an electron ray on to separate surface elements of the screen with separate reading and writing rays on opposite sides of screen, e.g. for conversion of definition

Definitions

  • This invention relates generally to signal-to-image display storage tubes and more particularly to a display storage tube in which both the image and scanning sections are focused by a continuous axial magnetic field.
  • Conventional signal-to-image display storage tubes are of the cathode ray type and comprise a phosphor display screen, a storage screen, a writing gun, and a flood gun.
  • the storage screen conventionally comprises a fine mesh metal screen coated on the side facing the writing and flood guns with dielectric material having secondary emission properties.
  • the writing gun directs a pencil electron beam toward the storage screen, the pencil beam being modulated in accordance with an input electrical signal and scanned over the dielectric surface of the storage screen. Scanning of the modulated pencil beam over the storage screen writes a charge pattern on the storage screen corresponding to the input signal.
  • the flood gun directs a low velocity flood beam of electrons toward the storage screen, the flood beam electrons passing through the apertures in the storage screen to the display screen being modulated by the incremental charges on the storage screen thereby providing Va visible image on the displayV screen corresponding to the charge pattern on the storage screen.
  • the flood electrons are neither focused nor collimated as they approach the storage screen.
  • Each aperture in the storage screen in essence forms an individual electron lens which focuses the flood electrons in a plane very close to the plane of the storage screen with the result that the flood electrons subsequently diverge to a large circle of confusion at the phosphor display screen, thus adversely affecting the resolution of the displayed image.
  • Another object of the invention is to provide an improved signal-to-image display storage tube providing improved resolution of the displayed image.
  • a further object of the invention is to provide an improved signal-to-image display storage tube employing axial magnetic focusing of the flood electrons in the image section.
  • Solenoidal magnetic fields have been employed in storage image converter tubes, such as that described and illustrated in Patent No. 2,983,836 to Paul Rudnick and Richard K. Orthuber and assigned to the assignee of the present application, to focus an electron image formed at the plane of a storage screen into the plane of a phosphor display screen.
  • the charge pattern which is written onto the storage screen is derived from an extended area photocathode which is arranged essentially parallel to the plane of the storage screen; the input to the storage image tube is optical.
  • the input is a time-based signal employed to modulate the pencil or writing electron beam which must be scanned over the storage screen in order to generate the charge 3,281,621 Patented Oct.
  • the flood beam in both the image and the scanning sections of a signal-to-image display storage tube may be focused by a continuous Solenoidal magnetic field extending throughout the length of the tube by providing concentric writing and flood electron beams and by providing magnetic deflection fields for simultaneously deflecting both beams.
  • This axial magnetic focusing of the flood beam in both the scaanning and image sections of the tube provides not only the anticipated improvement in resolution in the image section, but an unexpected improvement in resolution of the stored image on the storage screen, the result being the provision of a displayed image having a resolution significantly improved over that provided by conventional signal-to-image display storage tubes.
  • the single figure of the drawing schematically illustrates the improved signal-to-image display storage tube of the invention.
  • the improved signal-toimage display storage tube of the invention comprises a conventional axially-elongated evacuated envelope 11 having a conventional phosphor display screen 14 deposited on the inner surface of faceplate 15 which closes one end of the envelope.
  • a conventional charge storage screen 16 is positioned in the envelope 11 between the display screen 14 and the other end 17 of the tube, the storage screen being in a plane parallel with that of the display screen 14 and normal to the longitudinal axis of the tube.
  • Storage screen 16 may in accordance with conventional practice comprise a fine mesh metal backing screen 18 having its side which faces end 17 of the envelope 11 coated with suitable dielectric material having secondary emission properties, as at 19.
  • a conventional collector screen 20 is positioned in the envelope 11 between storage screen 16 and end 17 for collecting secondary electrons emitted from the dielectric coating 19 of the storage screen, as is well known to those skilled in the art.
  • a pencil or writing beam electron gun 22 is provided in the envelope 11 adjacent end 17 thereof and comprises a cathode sleeve 23 concentric with the longitudinal axis of the tube and having a heater 24 therein, a planar control grid 25 concentric with the tube axis, and normal thereto, and a planar anode 26 likewise concentric with the tube axis and normal thereto, control grid 25 and anode 26 respectively having central apertures 27, 28 formed therein concentric with the ⁇ tube axis.
  • Heater 24 is connected to terminals 29 for connection to a suitable source of energizing potential
  • cathode 23 and anode 26 are respectively connected to terminals 30, 32 for connection to suitable potentials
  • control grid 25 is connected to input terminal 33 adapted to be connected to receive a time-based electrical input signal for modulating the pencil or writing electron beam which is provided by the writing gun 22 and directed toward the storage screen 16.
  • a flood electron gun 34 comprising an extended area planar cathode 35 concentric with and normal to the longitudinal axis of the tube, and a suitable heater 36.
  • Cathode 35 has a central aperture 37 concentric with the longitudinal axis of the tube and with the writing gun- 22 through which the writing beam passes.
  • a sleeve portion 38 is formed on cathode 35 concentric With the axis of the tube and exten-ding toward anode 26 of the Writing gun 22.
  • planar accelerating equipotentials for the flood cathode 35, suitable conductive coatings 42, 43, and 44 are formed on the interior surface of the envelope 11 between the flood cathode 35 and the collector screen 20, coatings 42, 43, 44 being respectively connected to terminals 45, 46 and 47 adapted to be oonnected to suitable potentials; while separate conductive CII electrodes or coatings 42, 43, 44 are shown, the planar accelerating equipotentials may be provided by a continuous conductive coating or electrode.
  • a pencil electron beam shown by the dashed line 48 is provided by the writing gun 22 and that a concentric flood beam, having lower electron velocity than lthe writing beam 48 is provided by the flood ygun 34, as shown by the dashed line 49.
  • vertical and horizontal magnetic deection coils or yokes 50, 52 are respectively provided on the exterior of envelope 11 between the flood gun 34 and the collector screen 20.
  • Deection yokes 50, 52 are connected to terminals 53, 54 for connection to suitable sources of sweep voltages to provide the desired type and rate ofscanning, for exa-mple raster scanning.
  • the magnetic fields provided by the deection yokes 50, 52 are respectively transverse with respect to the longitudinal axis of the tube and thus, assuming that the direction of the field provided by the vertical deflection yoke 50 is as shown by the arr-ow 55, it will be seen that both the writing beam 48 and the flood -beam 49 will be deected as at 56, 57.
  • a solenoid coil 60 is provide-d surrounding envelope 11 and the deflection yokes 50, 52, and extending axially between ends 14, 17 of the envelope.
  • Solenoid coil 60 has leads connected to terminals 62 adapted to be connected to a suitable source of direct current voltage and provides a solenoidal magnetic -ield extending axially through the tube parallel with its longitudinal axis, as shown by the dashed line 63; the polarization of the solenoid coil 60 and of the axial magnetic field provided thereby is not important.
  • the flood electrons arrive at the display screen 14 after an integral number of full loops of focus, preferably one (l) loop of focus between the storage screen 16 and the display screen 14. This may be accomplished by selection of the axial length of the image section 59 lbetween the storage screen 16 and the display screen 14 and/or adjustment of the strength of the magnetic field provided by the solenoid coil 60.
  • a field mesh 64 is provided in the image section 59 adjacent the -display screen 14 and parallel therewith.
  • Field mesh 64 is connected to terminal 65 which is adapted to be connected to a suitable source of potential, the field mesh 64 thus serving to decrease the average velocity of the liood electrons from the storage screen 16 to the display screen 14 and in turn increasing their transit time.
  • a plurality shown here as being six (6) in number, of axially spaced ring electrodes 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, and 72 are provided in the image section 59 between the storage screen 16 and the field mesh 64, the ring electrodes 66-72 being respectively connected to terminals 73, 74, 75, 76, 77 and 78 respectively adapted'to be connected t-o potentials increasing in equal steps from the storage screen 16 toward the field mesh 64.
  • the writing beam electrons arrive at the dielectric surface 19 of the storage screen 16 after an integral number of full loops of focus, preferably a multiple number of loops, such as three (3) to five (5); this is preferably accomplished by selection of the axial length of the writing section 58 of the tube.
  • Display screen 14 is connected to terminal 79 adapted to be connected to a suitable source ofhigh voltage
  • collector screen 20 is connected to terminal 80 ⁇ adapted to be connected to a suitable source of collector potential
  • the backing screen 18 of the storage screen 16 is connecte-d to terminal 82 adapted t-o be selectively connected to suitable sources of writing and erasing potentials, as is well known to those skilled in the art.
  • Display screen 14 10,000 volts Field mesh 64 400 volts Ring electrodes 66-72 0 to 400 volts in Backing screen 18 10 volts P) (erase).
  • Wall coatings 42, 43, 44 100 vol-ts (-1-).
  • a surprising and unexpected result of the provision of axial magnetic focusing has been a conspicuous improvement in the resolution of the stored image written onto the storage screen by the writing beam, which whencombined with the improvement in the resolution in the image section provided by the axial focusing field, provides substantially improved resolution of the displayed image.
  • magnification is unity
  • the object-to-len-s distance is significantly less than the len-s-to-storage screen distance which ⁇ gives rise to a magnification of the spot produced on the storage screen by the writing beam.
  • asignal-to-image display storage tube having a display screen and apertured charge storage screen means spaced from said display screen: means for forming and directing concentric pencil and flood electron beams toward said storage screen means; magnetic deflection means acting upon both ⁇ of said beams for scanning the same over said storage screen means; means for modulating said pencil beam in accordance with an input signal whereby said pencil beam writes a charge pattern on said storage screen means corresponding to said input signal and said flood beam passes through the apertures in said storage screen means to said display screen :being modulated by said charge pattern; and lmeans for providing a magnetic viield extending axially between said display screen and said beam forming and directing means for focusing said pencil beam onto said storage screen means and said modulated ood beam onto said display screen.
  • a signal-to-image display storage tube comprising: an evacuated envelope having a longitudinal axis and spaced lopposite ends; a phosphor display screen in said envelope at one end thereof and normal to said axis; rst electron gun means in said envelope at the other end thereof and concentric with said axis for for-ming and directing a pencil electron beam toward said one end of said envelope; second electron gun means in said envelope at said other end thereof normal to and concentric with said axis for forming and directing a flood electron beam toward said one end of said envelope-apertured charge storage screen means in -said envelope between said ends and normal to said axis; deflection means acting' upon both of said beams for scanning the same over said storage screen means; means for modulating said pencil beam in accordance with an input signal whereby said pencil beam writes a charge pattern on said storage screen means corresponding to ysaid input signal and said flood beam passes through the apertures in said storage screen means to said display screen being modulated by said charge pattern; and means for providing
  • said second electron gun means includes a planar cathode normal to said axis and having an aperture therein concentric with said axis through which said pencil beam passes.
  • said means for providing a magnetic field comprises a solenoid coil surrounding said envelope and extending substantially between said ends thereof.
  • a signal-to-image display storage tube comprising: an evacuated envelope having a longitudinal axis and spaced opposite ends; a phosphor display screen in said envelope at one end thereof and normal to said axis; rst electron gun means in said envelope at the other end thereof and concentric with said axis for forming and directing a pencil electron beam toward said one end of said envelope; second electron gun means in sai-d envelope between said first elect-ron ⁇ gun means and said one end and including a planar cathode normal to and concentric with said axis for forming and directing a flood electron beam toward said one end of said envelope, said planar cathode having an aperture concentric with said axis through which said pencil beam passes; apertured charge storage screen means between said planar cathode and said one end and normal to said axis; magnetic deflection means on the exterior of said envelope and between said planar cathode and ⁇ said storage screen means and actin-g upon both of said beams for scanning the same over said
  • the tube of claim 7 further comprising a screen electrode in said envelope adjacent said display screen and normal to said axis for increasing the transit time of the flood beam electrons between said storage screen means and said display screen.
  • the tube of claim 8 further comprising a plurality of ring electrodes concentric with ysaid axis and axially spaced apart between said storage screen means and screen electr-ode for evenly dividing the potential between said storage screen means and said screen electrode.
  • said first electron gun means includes a cathode and control and accelerating electrodes positioned between said other end and said second electron lgun means.
  • said second electron gun means includes electrode means in said envelope between said planar cathode and said storage screen -means for providing planar accelerating equipotentials for said flood beam.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Image-Pickup Tubes, Image-Amplification Tubes, And Storage Tubes (AREA)
  • Video Image Reproduction Devices For Color Tv Systems (AREA)
US343975A 1963-12-13 1964-02-11 Display storage tube with solenoidal focus and simultaneous deflection of writing and flood beams Expired - Lifetime US3281621A (en)

Priority Applications (9)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB1052351D GB1052351A (de) 1964-02-11
US330288A US3277333A (en) 1963-12-13 1963-12-13 Storage tube system and method
US343975A US3281621A (en) 1964-02-11 1964-02-11 Display storage tube with solenoidal focus and simultaneous deflection of writing and flood beams
US345785A US3281622A (en) 1964-02-11 1964-02-18 Scan conversion tube wherein the flood beam passes through the storage electrode and is scanned over an image dissector
FR998381A FR1417059A (fr) 1964-02-11 1964-12-12 Perfectionnements aux tubes à mémoire
DEST23331A DE1285628B (de) 1964-02-11 1965-02-09 Bildspeicherroehre mit Magnetspulenfokussierung
CH178865A CH425888A (de) 1964-02-11 1965-02-10 Bildspeicherröhre mit Magnetspulenfokussierung
FR5176A FR88174E (fr) 1964-02-11 1965-02-11 Perfectionnements aux tubes à mémoire
FR6100A FR88175E (fr) 1964-02-11 1965-02-18 Perfectionnements aux tubes à mémoire

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US343975A US3281621A (en) 1964-02-11 1964-02-11 Display storage tube with solenoidal focus and simultaneous deflection of writing and flood beams

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US3281621A true US3281621A (en) 1966-10-25

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US343975A Expired - Lifetime US3281621A (en) 1963-12-13 1964-02-11 Display storage tube with solenoidal focus and simultaneous deflection of writing and flood beams

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US (1) US3281621A (de)
CH (1) CH425888A (de)
DE (1) DE1285628B (de)
GB (1) GB1052351A (de)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3406311A (en) * 1966-04-25 1968-10-15 Westinghouse Electric Corp Electron image storage device

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US10107615B2 (en) * 2016-04-20 2018-10-23 Quality Vision International, Inc. Remote probe for optical measuring machine

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3087088A (en) * 1960-05-17 1963-04-23 Itt Electron discharge device

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2950408A (en) * 1959-10-30 1960-08-23 Hughes Aircraft Co Multi-gap collimation lens for use in direct-view storage tube

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3087088A (en) * 1960-05-17 1963-04-23 Itt Electron discharge device

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3406311A (en) * 1966-04-25 1968-10-15 Westinghouse Electric Corp Electron image storage device

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CH425888A (de) 1966-12-15
GB1052351A (de)
DE1285628B (de) 1968-12-19

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