US3281341A - Method of improving solderability of tin plate - Google Patents

Method of improving solderability of tin plate Download PDF

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Publication number
US3281341A
US3281341A US273847A US27384763A US3281341A US 3281341 A US3281341 A US 3281341A US 273847 A US273847 A US 273847A US 27384763 A US27384763 A US 27384763A US 3281341 A US3281341 A US 3281341A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
tin plate
tin
solderability
passivation
plate
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Expired - Lifetime
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US273847A
Inventor
Issa J Kharouf
Richard A Neish
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United States Steel Corp
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United States Steel Corp
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by United States Steel Corp filed Critical United States Steel Corp
Priority to US273847A priority Critical patent/US3281341A/en
Priority to BE646350A priority patent/BE646350A/xx
Priority to GB14772/64A priority patent/GB1057775A/en
Priority to FR970717A priority patent/FR1395959A/en
Priority to BR158417/64A priority patent/BR6458417D0/en
Priority to NL6404238A priority patent/NL6404238A/xx
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3281341A publication Critical patent/US3281341A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23KSOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K35/00Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
    • B23K35/22Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by the composition or nature of the material
    • B23K35/36Selection of non-metallic compositions, e.g. coatings, fluxes; Selection of soldering or welding materials, conjoint with selection of non-metallic compositions, both selections being of interest
    • B23K35/3612Selection of non-metallic compositions, e.g. coatings, fluxes; Selection of soldering or welding materials, conjoint with selection of non-metallic compositions, both selections being of interest with organic compounds as principal constituents
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25DPROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25D11/00Electrolytic coating by surface reaction, i.e. forming conversion layers
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25DPROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25D11/00Electrolytic coating by surface reaction, i.e. forming conversion layers
    • C25D11/38Chromatising

Definitions

  • Tin plate has been made by various methods but, regardless of the particular method employed, has been characterized by highly variable solder-ability. Tin plate having light coating Weights of tin, such as 0.25 pound of tin per base box (31,320 square inches of sheet or 62,640 square inches of surface) is particularly likely to have poor solderability. This property is evaluated by means of a capillary rise test which indicates whether molten solder will completely fill the side seam of a can. In the test, a 1-inch by 3-inch panel of tin plate is folded lengthwise and then vertically inserted into a bath of molten solder to a predetermined depth. The height to which the molten solder rises above the level of the bath within the fold of tin plate is measured. The higher the capillary-rise values, the better the soldering performance of the tin plate and vice versa.
  • tin Tin plate having light coating Weights of tin, such as 0.25 pound of tin per base box (31,320 square inches of sheet
  • the primary object of our invention is to provide a method of producing tin plate having improved solderability.
  • our invention comprises treating the tin plate during or immediately prior to the conventional passivation treatment, with a water solution of a non-ionic organic wetting agent, more specifically, an alkyl aryl ether of polyalkylene glycol such as the reaction product of t-octyl, n-nonyl or dodecyl alcohol with ethylene oxide.
  • a non-ionic organic wetting agent more specifically, an alkyl aryl ether of polyalkylene glycol
  • This product is:
  • R is a saturated alkyl hydrocarbon radical containing 8 or more carbon atoms and x is an integer greater than 8. More particularly, R is a saturated alkyl hydrocarbon radical selected from the group t-octyl, n-nonyl and dodecyl.
  • Emulsifiers or wetting agents of the type designated are obtainable commercially, i.e., Tergitol wetting agent or Triton wetting agent.
  • the passivation is then effected in the usual way, for example, by cathodic electrolysis to the extent of about 30 to 50 coulombs per square foot of tin plate surface, while maintaining the solution at about 130 F.
  • the preferred concentration range for the added wetting agent is from 0.01 to 0.02 percent by volume.
  • Our method materially improves the solderabi'lity of the tin plate as evidenced by an increase of from 60 to 250 or 300 percent in the capillary rise exhibited by the product thereof, as compared with the product passivated in the normal Way, i.e., without the addition of a wetting agent.
  • the fact that the solderability of tin plate is significantly improved by the use of our invention may be explainable on the basis of the following theory.
  • Our invention has the advantage that, although the solderability is increased materially, other desirable properties such as resistance to corrosion under humid conditions and to discoloration on baking and the lacquerability are not impaired.
  • a method of making tin plate of improved solderability which comprises electrolytically passivating the plate in a dilute aqueous sodium dichromatesolution and subjecting it, not later than said passivation to contact with a water solution containing from 0.005 to 0.02 percent by volume of an alkyl aryl ether of polya'lkylene glycol produced by the reaction of ethylene oxide and an alcohol selected from the group consisting of t-octyl, n-nonyl and dodecyl alcohol.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing Of Printed Wiring (AREA)
  • Preventing Corrosion Or Incrustation Of Metals (AREA)
  • Chemical Treatment Of Metals (AREA)

Description

3,281,341 METHQD F EMPRUVENG SOLDERABILITY 015 TM PLATE lssa .l. Kharouf, Penn ll-lills Township, Allegheny County, and Richard A. Neish, Snowden Township, Allegheny County, Pa, assignors to United States Steel Corporation, a corporation of Delaware No Drawing. Filed Apr. 18, 1963, Ser. No. 273,847 1 Claim. (Cl. 204-29) This invention relates to a method of treating tin plate to improve its solderability.
Tin plate has been made by various methods but, regardless of the particular method employed, has been characterized by highly variable solder-ability. Tin plate having light coating Weights of tin, such as 0.25 pound of tin per base box (31,320 square inches of sheet or 62,640 square inches of surface) is particularly likely to have poor solderability. This property is evaluated by means of a capillary rise test which indicates whether molten solder will completely fill the side seam of a can. In the test, a 1-inch by 3-inch panel of tin plate is folded lengthwise and then vertically inserted into a bath of molten solder to a predetermined depth. The height to which the molten solder rises above the level of the bath within the fold of tin plate is measured. The higher the capillary-rise values, the better the soldering performance of the tin plate and vice versa.
The primary object of our invention is to provide a method of producing tin plate having improved solderability. Briefly stated, our invention comprises treating the tin plate during or immediately prior to the conventional passivation treatment, with a water solution of a non-ionic organic wetting agent, more specifically, an alkyl aryl ether of polyalkylene glycol such as the reaction product of t-octyl, n-nonyl or dodecyl alcohol with ethylene oxide. This product is:
where R is a saturated alkyl hydrocarbon radical containing 8 or more carbon atoms and x is an integer greater than 8. More particularly, R is a saturated alkyl hydrocarbon radical selected from the group t-octyl, n-nonyl and dodecyl. Emulsifiers or wetting agents of the type designated are obtainable commercially, i.e., Tergitol wetting agent or Triton wetting agent.
A complete understanding of our invention may be obtained from the following detailed description and explanation of a typical example of the method.
In the normal practice of tin plate manufacture, it is conventional to passivate the tin surface. Passivation may be effected by the method of Mason Patent No. 1,827,204 or Neish Patent No. 2,606,866. According to our invention, we modify the passivating solution of either of these patents by adding thereto a non-ionic type Wetting agent such as the aforementioned alkyl aryl ether of a polyalkylene glycol, in an amount of from 0.005 to 0.02 percent of wetting agent by volume of passivating solution (dilute aqueous sodium-dichromate). Some Wetting agents which are particularly effective are Triton X100 and Tergitol NP-27, NPX or XD. The passivation is then effected in the usual way, for example, by cathodic electrolysis to the extent of about 30 to 50 coulombs per square foot of tin plate surface, while maintaining the solution at about 130 F. The preferred concentration range for the added wetting agent is from 0.01 to 0.02 percent by volume.
nited States Patent 0 3,281,34l Patented Oct. 25, 1966 The invention may also be practiced by rinsing the tin plate before passivation, in a water solution of Wetting agent in the same range of concentrations.
Our method materially improves the solderabi'lity of the tin plate as evidenced by an increase of from 60 to 250 or 300 percent in the capillary rise exhibited by the product thereof, as compared with the product passivated in the normal Way, i.e., without the addition of a wetting agent. The fact that the solderability of tin plate is significantly improved by the use of our invention may be explainable on the basis of the following theory.
Since unpassivated tin plate exhibits satisfactory solderability, it was apparent that poor solderability is associated with the passivating treatment, and, more specifically, with the passivation of the steel or alloy surfaces existing at small pores which are always present in tin plate having only a light coating of tin. Solderability tests made on tin plate having heavy, relatively porefree tin coatings, however, showed that passivation of the tin itself did not adversely affect solderability. It follows therefore that the wetting agents shown by us to be effective must be adsorbed selectively on the exposed steel or alloy surfaces, thereby preventing passivation of these surfaces without interfering with the passivation of the tin itself. This, of course, is contrary to what would normally be expected, since such compounds are usually added to solutions to decrease the surface tension and, therefore, enhance any reaction which occurs between the metal surface and the treating solution. We believe that, because of the selective adsorption of these compounds, the tin surface can be passivated in the usual manner without adversely affecting the soldera-bility of the tin plate product. In fact, the solderability is materially improved.
Our invention has the advantage that, although the solderability is increased materially, other desirable properties such as resistance to corrosion under humid conditions and to discoloration on baking and the lacquerability are not impaired.
Although we have disclosed herein the preferred embodiment of our invention, We intend to cover as well any change or modification therein which may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
We claim:
A method of making tin plate of improved solderability which comprises electrolytically passivating the plate in a dilute aqueous sodium dichromatesolution and subjecting it, not later than said passivation to contact with a water solution containing from 0.005 to 0.02 percent by volume of an alkyl aryl ether of polya'lkylene glycol produced by the reaction of ethylene oxide and an alcohol selected from the group consisting of t-octyl, n-nonyl and dodecyl alcohol.
References Cited by the Examiner UNITED STATES PATENTS 1,970,578 8/ 1934 Schoeller et al.
2,420,602 5/1947 Kingerley 204145 2,601,863 7/1952 Murphy 13440 X 2,606,866 8/1952 Neish 204- X 2,916,459 12/ 1959 Arnold et al.
2,987,426 6/1961 Shaw 134-29 3,145,180 8/1964 Dupre et al.
JOHN H. MACK, Primary Examiner. R. MIHALEK, Assistant Examiner.
US273847A 1963-04-18 1963-04-18 Method of improving solderability of tin plate Expired - Lifetime US3281341A (en)

Priority Applications (6)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US273847A US3281341A (en) 1963-04-18 1963-04-18 Method of improving solderability of tin plate
BE646350A BE646350A (en) 1963-04-18 1964-04-09
GB14772/64A GB1057775A (en) 1963-04-18 1964-04-09 Method of electrolytically treating tin plate to improve solderability
FR970717A FR1395959A (en) 1963-04-18 1964-04-13 Method for improving the weldability of tinplate
BR158417/64A BR6458417D0 (en) 1963-04-18 1964-04-14 PROCESS TO IMPROVE FLANDER SHEET SOLDERABILITY IN WHICH THE SHEET IS ELECTROLYTICALLY PASSED
NL6404238A NL6404238A (en) 1963-04-18 1964-04-17

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US273847A US3281341A (en) 1963-04-18 1963-04-18 Method of improving solderability of tin plate

Publications (1)

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US3281341A true US3281341A (en) 1966-10-25

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US273847A Expired - Lifetime US3281341A (en) 1963-04-18 1963-04-18 Method of improving solderability of tin plate

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US (1) US3281341A (en)
BE (1) BE646350A (en)
BR (1) BR6458417D0 (en)
GB (1) GB1057775A (en)
NL (1) NL6404238A (en)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3468766A (en) * 1965-08-27 1969-09-23 Mc Donnell Douglas Corp Treatment of aluminum
US3511707A (en) * 1967-05-08 1970-05-12 North American Detergent Corp Method of cleaning a stone surface and composition therefor
US4273625A (en) * 1979-08-28 1981-06-16 U.S. Philips Corporation Method of treating objects the surface of which consists of tin

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1970578A (en) * 1930-11-29 1934-08-21 Ig Farbenindustrie Ag Assistants for the textile and related industries
US2420602A (en) * 1943-03-05 1947-05-13 Du Pont Electrolytic cleaning process
US2601863A (en) * 1948-04-06 1952-07-01 United States Steel Corp Method of cleaning hot-dip tin-plate
US2606866A (en) * 1948-10-27 1952-08-12 United States Steel Corp Method of treating tin plate
US2916459A (en) * 1954-12-13 1959-12-08 Ajem Lab Inc Metal cleaner
US2987426A (en) * 1957-01-30 1961-06-06 Ici Ltd Alkali baths for metal treatment
US3145180A (en) * 1958-12-01 1964-08-18 Rohm & Haas Process of cleaning metal surfaces

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1970578A (en) * 1930-11-29 1934-08-21 Ig Farbenindustrie Ag Assistants for the textile and related industries
US2420602A (en) * 1943-03-05 1947-05-13 Du Pont Electrolytic cleaning process
US2601863A (en) * 1948-04-06 1952-07-01 United States Steel Corp Method of cleaning hot-dip tin-plate
US2606866A (en) * 1948-10-27 1952-08-12 United States Steel Corp Method of treating tin plate
US2916459A (en) * 1954-12-13 1959-12-08 Ajem Lab Inc Metal cleaner
US2987426A (en) * 1957-01-30 1961-06-06 Ici Ltd Alkali baths for metal treatment
US3145180A (en) * 1958-12-01 1964-08-18 Rohm & Haas Process of cleaning metal surfaces

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3468766A (en) * 1965-08-27 1969-09-23 Mc Donnell Douglas Corp Treatment of aluminum
US3511707A (en) * 1967-05-08 1970-05-12 North American Detergent Corp Method of cleaning a stone surface and composition therefor
US4273625A (en) * 1979-08-28 1981-06-16 U.S. Philips Corporation Method of treating objects the surface of which consists of tin

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
NL6404238A (en) 1964-10-19
GB1057775A (en) 1967-02-08
BE646350A (en) 1964-10-09
BR6458417D0 (en) 1973-12-26

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