US3277265A - Plasma heating systems - Google Patents

Plasma heating systems Download PDF

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US3277265A
US3277265A US338933A US33893364A US3277265A US 3277265 A US3277265 A US 3277265A US 338933 A US338933 A US 338933A US 33893364 A US33893364 A US 33893364A US 3277265 A US3277265 A US 3277265A
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wall
chamber
outlet
primary winding
sections
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US338933A
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Reboux Jean
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TRAITEMENTS ELECTROLYTIQUES ET ELECTROTHERMIQUES Ste
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Soc De Traitements Electrolytiques Et Electrothermiques
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K10/00—Welding or cutting by means of a plasma
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05H—PLASMA TECHNIQUE; PRODUCTION OF ACCELERATED ELECTRICALLY-CHARGED PARTICLES OR OF NEUTRONS; PRODUCTION OR ACCELERATION OF NEUTRAL MOLECULAR OR ATOMIC BEAMS
    • H05H1/00—Generating plasma; Handling plasma
    • H05H1/24—Generating plasma
    • H05H1/26—Plasma torches
    • H05H1/30—Plasma torches using applied electromagnetic fields, e.g. high frequency or microwave energy

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to heating systems using ionized gas or plasma as heating medium. More particularly the invention relates to plasma furnaces or torches in which the temperature obtained by induction heating is raised by causing a D.C. or A.C. current to flow through the ionized gas.
  • an ionized gas heating ssytem which may be for example in the shape of a furnace or of a torch or blow pipe, comprising a chamber into which the gas to be ionized is discharged, the chamber supporting a primary winding, and including a secondary winding, comprising one turn shaped as metal cylinder, having a gap along at least one generatrix thereof and showing, at the outlet port-ion of the chamber, a hollow shell, this shell being also divided in at least two sectors by said gap, said sectors being insulated from each other and respectively connected to the terminals of a D.C. or A.C. supply.
  • FIG. 1 shows an axial section of a heating system according to the invention
  • FIG. 2 shows the current flow in the secondary turn of a system according to the invention.
  • FIGS. 3 and 4 show modifications of the arrangement shown in FIG. 2.
  • FIG. 1 shows an axial section of the supply head of ionized gas induction heating apparatus according to the invention.
  • a primary winding 1 surrounds a cylindrical conductor 2, which forms the only secondary winding turn and whose lower part, situated at the outlet of the discharge cham ber 10, forms a double walled cylinder or shell 20 and can be cooled by means of any suitable medium 23, for example liquid, flowing therethrough.
  • shell 20 is partitioned into two sectors by diametral splits or gaps, as shown in FIG. 2, or in a plurality of sectors, as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4.
  • each gap is preferably coated with a thin isolating material of, say, mica.
  • Each of the sectors thus built up forms one secondary turn for the primary winding 1.
  • the wall of cylinder 20 supports a sheath 4, which is heat-proof and is, for example, of quartz, and guides the plasma generating fluid, which is fed into chamber through a duct 6 formed in upper cylindrical plate 5.
  • An electrode 51 made of tungsten, extends, in the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, through the center of plate 5. This electrode is used for priming the ionization in conjunction with another movable electrode (not shown) which is inserted into chamber 10 through the outlet 71 of chamber 10.
  • Electrode 51 may be fitted with a central bore so that 3,277,265 Patented Get. 4, 1966 "ice it may be possible to inject any suitable powdered material within the plasma, for electro-thermal treatment purposes.
  • cylinder 20 has been divided in two sections 21 and 22, separated by two diametral gaps.
  • the current flows in the outer walls is in the direction of arrows 21a and 22a, and in the inner walls in the direction of the arrows 21b, 22b.
  • the two half shells 21 and 22 are insulated from each other by the gaps, and by connecting them, at terminals 31 and 32 respectively, to the terminals of a D.C. or A.C. supply source 3, a current can be made to flow through the ionized gas.
  • Inductance coils 33 and 34 placed in series with the supply, and capacitors 35 and 36, connected as shown, protect source 3, and filter noise frequencies delivered by generator 3, to avoid any interference thereof within the plasma.
  • FIGURES 3 and 4 are modifications of the portion 20 of the structure.
  • FIG. 3 there are four shell portions insulated from each other; A.C. or D.C. potential difference can then be created between them.
  • each of them has a plurality of radial recesses which contribute to increase the paths followed by the surfaces current flow.
  • the partition of shell 20 extends over all the height of cylinder 2.
  • An induction heating system comprising: a chamber having an inlet for ionizable gas and an outlet for ionized gas; a conductive wall surrounding said chamber; a primary winding surrounding said wall; said wall serving as a secondary coil for said primary winding; said wall having a hollow portion bounding said outlet and comprising at least two sections, insulated from each other along the direction from said inlet to said outlet; and means for providing an additional potential difierence between said sections.
  • An induction heating system comprising: a chamber having an inlet for ionizable gas and an outlet for ionized gas; a conductive wall surrounding said chamber; a primary winding surrounding said wall; said wall serving as a secondary coil for said primary winding; said wall having a hollow portion bounding said outlet and comprising a plurality of sections insulated from each other along the direction from said inlet to said outlet; and means for providing an additional potential difference between said sections.
  • An induction heating system comprising: a chamber having an inlet for ionizable gas and an outlet for ionized gas; a conductive wall surrounding said chamber; a primary winding surrounding said Wall; said wall serving as a secondary coil for said primary winding; said wall having a hollow portion bounding said outlet and comprising at least two sections insulated from each other along the direction from said inlet to said outlet; supply means for providing an additional potential difference between said sections; means for connecting said supply means to said sections, said means comprising filtering means for filtering the higher trequencies.
  • An induction heating system comprising: a chamber having an inlet for ionizable gas and an outlet for ionized gas; a conductive wall surrounding said chamber; a primary winding surrounding said wall; said wall serving as a secondary coil for said primary winding; said wall having a hollow portion bounding said outlet and comprising at least two sections insulated from each other along the direction from said inlet to said outlet; said hollow portion comprising a plurality of recesses and means for providing an additional potential difierence between said sections.
  • An induction heating system comprising: a chamber having an inlet for ionizable gas and an outlet for ionized gas; a conductive wall surrounding said chamber; a primary winding surrounding said wall; said Wall serving as References Cited by the Examiner UNITED STATES PATENTS 1,997,741 4/1935 Northrup 2l9l0.49 2,537,289 1/1951 Van Embden 2l9l0.49 2,644,881 7/1953 Schorg 219-1051 3,129,351 4/1964 Martinek 219-75 RICHARD M. WOOD, Primary Examiner.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
  • Plasma Technology (AREA)
  • General Induction Heating (AREA)
  • Physical Or Chemical Processes And Apparatus (AREA)

Description

Oct. 4, 1965 REBOUX PLASMA HEATING SYSTEMS Filed Jan. 20, 1964 United States Patent tion of France Filed Jan. 20, 1964, Ser. No. 338,933 Claims priority, application france, Jan. 22, 1963,
Claims. 611219-1049 The present invention relates to heating systems using ionized gas or plasma as heating medium. More particularly the invention relates to plasma furnaces or torches in which the temperature obtained by induction heating is raised by causing a D.C. or A.C. current to flow through the ionized gas.
According to the invention there is provided an ionized gas heating ssytem, which may be for example in the shape of a furnace or of a torch or blow pipe, comprising a chamber into which the gas to be ionized is discharged, the chamber supporting a primary winding, and including a secondary winding, comprising one turn shaped as metal cylinder, having a gap along at least one generatrix thereof and showing, at the outlet port-ion of the chamber, a hollow shell, this shell being also divided in at least two sectors by said gap, said sectors being insulated from each other and respectively connected to the terminals of a D.C. or A.C. supply.
The invention will be best understood from the following description and the appended drawing wherein;
FIG. 1 shows an axial section of a heating system according to the invention;
FIG. 2 shows the current flow in the secondary turn of a system according to the invention; and
FIGS. 3 and 4 show modifications of the arrangement shown in FIG. 2.
FIG. 1 shows an axial section of the supply head of ionized gas induction heating apparatus according to the invention.
A primary winding 1 surrounds a cylindrical conductor 2, which forms the only secondary winding turn and whose lower part, situated at the outlet of the discharge cham ber 10, forms a double walled cylinder or shell 20 and can be cooled by means of any suitable medium 23, for example liquid, flowing therethrough.
According to the invention, shell 20 is partitioned into two sectors by diametral splits or gaps, as shown in FIG. 2, or in a plurality of sectors, as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4.
The walls of each gap are preferably coated with a thin isolating material of, say, mica.
Each of the sectors thus built up forms one secondary turn for the primary winding 1.
The wall of cylinder 20 supports a sheath 4, which is heat-proof and is, for example, of quartz, and guides the plasma generating fluid, which is fed into chamber through a duct 6 formed in upper cylindrical plate 5.
An electrode 51, made of tungsten, extends, in the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, through the center of plate 5. This electrode is used for priming the ionization in conjunction with another movable electrode (not shown) which is inserted into chamber 10 through the outlet 71 of chamber 10.
Electrode 51, may be fitted with a central bore so that 3,277,265 Patented Get. 4, 1966 "ice it may be possible to inject any suitable powdered material within the plasma, for electro-thermal treatment purposes.
In the embodiment of FIG. 2, cylinder 20 has been divided in two sections 21 and 22, separated by two diametral gaps. The current flows in the outer walls is in the direction of arrows 21a and 22a, and in the inner walls in the direction of the arrows 21b, 22b.
It is to be noted that the length of the path along which the current flows is greater with two gaps than would be the case with one gap.
The two half shells 21 and 22 are insulated from each other by the gaps, and by connecting them, at terminals 31 and 32 respectively, to the terminals of a D.C. or A.C. supply source 3, a current can be made to flow through the ionized gas.
Inductance coils 33 and 34, placed in series with the supply, and capacitors 35 and 36, connected as shown, protect source 3, and filter noise frequencies delivered by generator 3, to avoid any interference thereof within the plasma.
FIGURES 3 and 4 are modifications of the portion 20 of the structure.
In the embodiment shown in FIG. 3, there are four shell portions insulated from each other; A.C. or D.C. potential difference can then be created between them.
In the embodiment of FIG. 4 there are only two half shells, but each of them has a plurality of radial recesses which contribute to increase the paths followed by the surfaces current flow.
The partition of shell 20 extends over all the height of cylinder 2.
Of course the invention is not limited to the embodimenst described and shown which were given solely by way of example.
What is claimed is:
1. An induction heating system comprising: a chamber having an inlet for ionizable gas and an outlet for ionized gas; a conductive wall surrounding said chamber; a primary winding surrounding said wall; said wall serving as a secondary coil for said primary winding; said wall having a hollow portion bounding said outlet and comprising at least two sections, insulated from each other along the direction from said inlet to said outlet; and means for providing an additional potential difierence between said sections.
2. An induction heating system comprising: a chamber having an inlet for ionizable gas and an outlet for ionized gas; a conductive wall surrounding said chamber; a primary winding surrounding said wall; said wall serving as a secondary coil for said primary winding; said wall having a hollow portion bounding said outlet and comprising a plurality of sections insulated from each other along the direction from said inlet to said outlet; and means for providing an additional potential difference between said sections.
3. An induction heating system comprising: a chamber having an inlet for ionizable gas and an outlet for ionized gas; a conductive wall surrounding said chamber; a primary winding surrounding said Wall; said wall serving as a secondary coil for said primary winding; said wall having a hollow portion bounding said outlet and comprising at least two sections insulated from each other along the direction from said inlet to said outlet; supply means for providing an additional potential difference between said sections; means for connecting said supply means to said sections, said means comprising filtering means for filtering the higher trequencies.
4. An induction heating system comprising: a chamber having an inlet for ionizable gas and an outlet for ionized gas; a conductive wall surrounding said chamber; a primary winding surrounding said wall; said wall serving as a secondary coil for said primary winding; said wall having a hollow portion bounding said outlet and comprising at least two sections insulated from each other along the direction from said inlet to said outlet; said hollow portion comprising a plurality of recesses and means for providing an additional potential difierence between said sections.
5. An induction heating system comprising: a chamber having an inlet for ionizable gas and an outlet for ionized gas; a conductive wall surrounding said chamber; a primary winding surrounding said wall; said Wall serving as References Cited by the Examiner UNITED STATES PATENTS 1,997,741 4/1935 Northrup 2l9l0.49 2,537,289 1/1951 Van Embden 2l9l0.49 2,644,881 7/1953 Schorg 219-1051 3,129,351 4/1964 Martinek 219-75 RICHARD M. WOOD, Primary Examiner.
L. H. BENDER, Assistant Examiner.

Claims (1)

1. AN INDUCTION HEATING SYSTEM COMPRISING: A CHAMBER HAVING AN INLET FOR IONIZABLE GAS AN OUTLETFOR IONIZED GAS; A CONDUCTIVE WALL SURROUNDING SAID CHAMBER; A PRIMARY WINDING SURROUNDING SAID WALL; SAID WALL SERVING AS A SECONDARY COIL FOR SAID PRIMARY WINDING; SAID WALL HAVING A HOLLOW PORTION BOUNDING SAID OUTLET AND COMPRISING AT LEAST TWO SECTIONS, INSULATED FROM EACH OTHER ALONG THE DIRECTION FROM SAID INLET TO SAID OUTLET; AND MEANS FOR PROVIDING AND ADDITIONAL POTENTIAL DIFFERENCE BETWEEN SAID SECTIONS.
US338933A 1963-01-22 1964-01-20 Plasma heating systems Expired - Lifetime US3277265A (en)

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FR922221A FR1358425A (en) 1963-01-22 1963-01-22 High Frequency Plasma Torch Improvement

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CH (1) CH423024A (en)
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GB (1) GB1017012A (en)
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Cited By (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3415968A (en) * 1965-06-02 1968-12-10 British Titan Products Gas heating apparatus
US3428771A (en) * 1964-11-20 1969-02-18 British Titan Products Plasma producing apparatus
US3440387A (en) * 1965-11-12 1969-04-22 Philips Corp High frequency heating system with inductive plasma
US3445616A (en) * 1966-12-06 1969-05-20 Corning Glass Works Electric flame generator
US3501675A (en) * 1966-10-12 1970-03-17 British Titan Products Initiation process
US4006340A (en) * 1973-09-28 1977-02-01 Compagnie Industrielle Des Telecommunications Cit-Alcatel Device for the rapid depositing of oxides in thin layers which adhere well to plastic supports
US4109128A (en) * 1975-09-01 1978-08-22 Wacker-Chemitronik Gesellschaft Fur Elektronik-Grundstoffe Mbh Method for the production of semiconductor rods of large diameter and device for making the same
US4386255A (en) * 1979-12-17 1983-05-31 Rca Corporation Susceptor for rotary disc reactor
US5743961A (en) * 1996-05-09 1998-04-28 United Technologies Corporation Thermal spray coating apparatus
US5844192A (en) * 1996-05-09 1998-12-01 United Technologies Corporation Thermal spray coating method and apparatus
US20050067308A1 (en) * 2003-09-30 2005-03-31 Thompson Brian J. Trocar assembly tip protector

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1260439B (en) * 1964-02-08 1968-02-08 Siemens Ag Device for crucible-free zone melting
WO2011048372A1 (en) 2009-10-20 2011-04-28 Enda Thomas Bed with in - built toilet facility

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1997741A (en) * 1933-05-02 1935-04-16 Ajax Electrothermic Corp Muffle inductor electric furnace
US2537289A (en) * 1944-04-26 1951-01-09 Hartford Nat Bank & Trust Co Device for heating pieces of work by means of high-frequency alternating currents
US2644881A (en) * 1948-12-20 1953-07-07 Schorg Carl Christian Inductively heated electrical contact furnace with preheater
US3129351A (en) * 1961-12-21 1964-04-14 Gen Electric Multielectrode arc assembly

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3024350A (en) * 1959-01-07 1962-03-06 Union Carbide Corp Alternating current arc plasma torches
FR1276805A (en) * 1960-10-14 1961-11-24 Traitements Electrolytiques & Electric induction heater
FR1338946A (en) * 1962-08-21 1963-10-04 Soc De Traitements Electrolytiques Et Electrothermiques High frequency plasma torch

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1997741A (en) * 1933-05-02 1935-04-16 Ajax Electrothermic Corp Muffle inductor electric furnace
US2537289A (en) * 1944-04-26 1951-01-09 Hartford Nat Bank & Trust Co Device for heating pieces of work by means of high-frequency alternating currents
US2644881A (en) * 1948-12-20 1953-07-07 Schorg Carl Christian Inductively heated electrical contact furnace with preheater
US3129351A (en) * 1961-12-21 1964-04-14 Gen Electric Multielectrode arc assembly

Cited By (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3428771A (en) * 1964-11-20 1969-02-18 British Titan Products Plasma producing apparatus
US3415968A (en) * 1965-06-02 1968-12-10 British Titan Products Gas heating apparatus
US3440387A (en) * 1965-11-12 1969-04-22 Philips Corp High frequency heating system with inductive plasma
US3501675A (en) * 1966-10-12 1970-03-17 British Titan Products Initiation process
US3445616A (en) * 1966-12-06 1969-05-20 Corning Glass Works Electric flame generator
US4006340A (en) * 1973-09-28 1977-02-01 Compagnie Industrielle Des Telecommunications Cit-Alcatel Device for the rapid depositing of oxides in thin layers which adhere well to plastic supports
US4109128A (en) * 1975-09-01 1978-08-22 Wacker-Chemitronik Gesellschaft Fur Elektronik-Grundstoffe Mbh Method for the production of semiconductor rods of large diameter and device for making the same
US4386255A (en) * 1979-12-17 1983-05-31 Rca Corporation Susceptor for rotary disc reactor
US5743961A (en) * 1996-05-09 1998-04-28 United Technologies Corporation Thermal spray coating apparatus
US5844192A (en) * 1996-05-09 1998-12-01 United Technologies Corporation Thermal spray coating method and apparatus
US20050067308A1 (en) * 2003-09-30 2005-03-31 Thompson Brian J. Trocar assembly tip protector

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DE1259481B (en) 1968-01-25
NL6400441A (en) 1964-07-23
BE642839A (en) 1964-05-15
LU45249A1 (en) 1964-03-18
FR1358425A (en) 1964-04-17
GB1017012A (en) 1966-01-12
CH423024A (en) 1966-10-31

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