US3277265A - Plasma heating systems - Google Patents
Plasma heating systems Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US3277265A US3277265A US338933A US33893364A US3277265A US 3277265 A US3277265 A US 3277265A US 338933 A US338933 A US 338933A US 33893364 A US33893364 A US 33893364A US 3277265 A US3277265 A US 3277265A
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- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- wall
- chamber
- outlet
- primary winding
- sections
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 title claims description 14
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 240000005369 Alstonia scholaris Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010445 mica Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052618 mica group Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012254 powdered material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000037452 priming Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 description 1
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000007669 thermal treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K10/00—Welding or cutting by means of a plasma
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05H—PLASMA TECHNIQUE; PRODUCTION OF ACCELERATED ELECTRICALLY-CHARGED PARTICLES OR OF NEUTRONS; PRODUCTION OR ACCELERATION OF NEUTRAL MOLECULAR OR ATOMIC BEAMS
- H05H1/00—Generating plasma; Handling plasma
- H05H1/24—Generating plasma
- H05H1/26—Plasma torches
- H05H1/30—Plasma torches using applied electromagnetic fields, e.g. high frequency or microwave energy
Definitions
- the present invention relates to heating systems using ionized gas or plasma as heating medium. More particularly the invention relates to plasma furnaces or torches in which the temperature obtained by induction heating is raised by causing a D.C. or A.C. current to flow through the ionized gas.
- an ionized gas heating ssytem which may be for example in the shape of a furnace or of a torch or blow pipe, comprising a chamber into which the gas to be ionized is discharged, the chamber supporting a primary winding, and including a secondary winding, comprising one turn shaped as metal cylinder, having a gap along at least one generatrix thereof and showing, at the outlet port-ion of the chamber, a hollow shell, this shell being also divided in at least two sectors by said gap, said sectors being insulated from each other and respectively connected to the terminals of a D.C. or A.C. supply.
- FIG. 1 shows an axial section of a heating system according to the invention
- FIG. 2 shows the current flow in the secondary turn of a system according to the invention.
- FIGS. 3 and 4 show modifications of the arrangement shown in FIG. 2.
- FIG. 1 shows an axial section of the supply head of ionized gas induction heating apparatus according to the invention.
- a primary winding 1 surrounds a cylindrical conductor 2, which forms the only secondary winding turn and whose lower part, situated at the outlet of the discharge cham ber 10, forms a double walled cylinder or shell 20 and can be cooled by means of any suitable medium 23, for example liquid, flowing therethrough.
- shell 20 is partitioned into two sectors by diametral splits or gaps, as shown in FIG. 2, or in a plurality of sectors, as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4.
- each gap is preferably coated with a thin isolating material of, say, mica.
- Each of the sectors thus built up forms one secondary turn for the primary winding 1.
- the wall of cylinder 20 supports a sheath 4, which is heat-proof and is, for example, of quartz, and guides the plasma generating fluid, which is fed into chamber through a duct 6 formed in upper cylindrical plate 5.
- An electrode 51 made of tungsten, extends, in the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, through the center of plate 5. This electrode is used for priming the ionization in conjunction with another movable electrode (not shown) which is inserted into chamber 10 through the outlet 71 of chamber 10.
- Electrode 51 may be fitted with a central bore so that 3,277,265 Patented Get. 4, 1966 "ice it may be possible to inject any suitable powdered material within the plasma, for electro-thermal treatment purposes.
- cylinder 20 has been divided in two sections 21 and 22, separated by two diametral gaps.
- the current flows in the outer walls is in the direction of arrows 21a and 22a, and in the inner walls in the direction of the arrows 21b, 22b.
- the two half shells 21 and 22 are insulated from each other by the gaps, and by connecting them, at terminals 31 and 32 respectively, to the terminals of a D.C. or A.C. supply source 3, a current can be made to flow through the ionized gas.
- Inductance coils 33 and 34 placed in series with the supply, and capacitors 35 and 36, connected as shown, protect source 3, and filter noise frequencies delivered by generator 3, to avoid any interference thereof within the plasma.
- FIGURES 3 and 4 are modifications of the portion 20 of the structure.
- FIG. 3 there are four shell portions insulated from each other; A.C. or D.C. potential difference can then be created between them.
- each of them has a plurality of radial recesses which contribute to increase the paths followed by the surfaces current flow.
- the partition of shell 20 extends over all the height of cylinder 2.
- An induction heating system comprising: a chamber having an inlet for ionizable gas and an outlet for ionized gas; a conductive wall surrounding said chamber; a primary winding surrounding said wall; said wall serving as a secondary coil for said primary winding; said wall having a hollow portion bounding said outlet and comprising at least two sections, insulated from each other along the direction from said inlet to said outlet; and means for providing an additional potential difierence between said sections.
- An induction heating system comprising: a chamber having an inlet for ionizable gas and an outlet for ionized gas; a conductive wall surrounding said chamber; a primary winding surrounding said wall; said wall serving as a secondary coil for said primary winding; said wall having a hollow portion bounding said outlet and comprising a plurality of sections insulated from each other along the direction from said inlet to said outlet; and means for providing an additional potential difference between said sections.
- An induction heating system comprising: a chamber having an inlet for ionizable gas and an outlet for ionized gas; a conductive wall surrounding said chamber; a primary winding surrounding said Wall; said wall serving as a secondary coil for said primary winding; said wall having a hollow portion bounding said outlet and comprising at least two sections insulated from each other along the direction from said inlet to said outlet; supply means for providing an additional potential difference between said sections; means for connecting said supply means to said sections, said means comprising filtering means for filtering the higher trequencies.
- An induction heating system comprising: a chamber having an inlet for ionizable gas and an outlet for ionized gas; a conductive wall surrounding said chamber; a primary winding surrounding said wall; said wall serving as a secondary coil for said primary winding; said wall having a hollow portion bounding said outlet and comprising at least two sections insulated from each other along the direction from said inlet to said outlet; said hollow portion comprising a plurality of recesses and means for providing an additional potential difierence between said sections.
- An induction heating system comprising: a chamber having an inlet for ionizable gas and an outlet for ionized gas; a conductive wall surrounding said chamber; a primary winding surrounding said wall; said Wall serving as References Cited by the Examiner UNITED STATES PATENTS 1,997,741 4/1935 Northrup 2l9l0.49 2,537,289 1/1951 Van Embden 2l9l0.49 2,644,881 7/1953 Schorg 219-1051 3,129,351 4/1964 Martinek 219-75 RICHARD M. WOOD, Primary Examiner.
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
- Plasma Technology (AREA)
- General Induction Heating (AREA)
- Physical Or Chemical Processes And Apparatus (AREA)
Description
Oct. 4, 1965 REBOUX PLASMA HEATING SYSTEMS Filed Jan. 20, 1964 United States Patent tion of France Filed Jan. 20, 1964, Ser. No. 338,933 Claims priority, application france, Jan. 22, 1963,
Claims. 611219-1049 The present invention relates to heating systems using ionized gas or plasma as heating medium. More particularly the invention relates to plasma furnaces or torches in which the temperature obtained by induction heating is raised by causing a D.C. or A.C. current to flow through the ionized gas.
According to the invention there is provided an ionized gas heating ssytem, which may be for example in the shape of a furnace or of a torch or blow pipe, comprising a chamber into which the gas to be ionized is discharged, the chamber supporting a primary winding, and including a secondary winding, comprising one turn shaped as metal cylinder, having a gap along at least one generatrix thereof and showing, at the outlet port-ion of the chamber, a hollow shell, this shell being also divided in at least two sectors by said gap, said sectors being insulated from each other and respectively connected to the terminals of a D.C. or A.C. supply.
The invention will be best understood from the following description and the appended drawing wherein;
FIG. 1 shows an axial section of a heating system according to the invention;
FIG. 2 shows the current flow in the secondary turn of a system according to the invention; and
FIGS. 3 and 4 show modifications of the arrangement shown in FIG. 2.
FIG. 1 shows an axial section of the supply head of ionized gas induction heating apparatus according to the invention.
A primary winding 1 surrounds a cylindrical conductor 2, which forms the only secondary winding turn and whose lower part, situated at the outlet of the discharge cham ber 10, forms a double walled cylinder or shell 20 and can be cooled by means of any suitable medium 23, for example liquid, flowing therethrough.
According to the invention, shell 20 is partitioned into two sectors by diametral splits or gaps, as shown in FIG. 2, or in a plurality of sectors, as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4.
The walls of each gap are preferably coated with a thin isolating material of, say, mica.
Each of the sectors thus built up forms one secondary turn for the primary winding 1.
The wall of cylinder 20 supports a sheath 4, which is heat-proof and is, for example, of quartz, and guides the plasma generating fluid, which is fed into chamber through a duct 6 formed in upper cylindrical plate 5.
An electrode 51, made of tungsten, extends, in the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, through the center of plate 5. This electrode is used for priming the ionization in conjunction with another movable electrode (not shown) which is inserted into chamber 10 through the outlet 71 of chamber 10.
Electrode 51, may be fitted with a central bore so that 3,277,265 Patented Get. 4, 1966 "ice it may be possible to inject any suitable powdered material within the plasma, for electro-thermal treatment purposes.
In the embodiment of FIG. 2, cylinder 20 has been divided in two sections 21 and 22, separated by two diametral gaps. The current flows in the outer walls is in the direction of arrows 21a and 22a, and in the inner walls in the direction of the arrows 21b, 22b.
It is to be noted that the length of the path along which the current flows is greater with two gaps than would be the case with one gap.
The two half shells 21 and 22 are insulated from each other by the gaps, and by connecting them, at terminals 31 and 32 respectively, to the terminals of a D.C. or A.C. supply source 3, a current can be made to flow through the ionized gas.
FIGURES 3 and 4 are modifications of the portion 20 of the structure.
In the embodiment shown in FIG. 3, there are four shell portions insulated from each other; A.C. or D.C. potential difference can then be created between them.
In the embodiment of FIG. 4 there are only two half shells, but each of them has a plurality of radial recesses which contribute to increase the paths followed by the surfaces current flow.
The partition of shell 20 extends over all the height of cylinder 2.
Of course the invention is not limited to the embodimenst described and shown which were given solely by way of example.
What is claimed is:
1. An induction heating system comprising: a chamber having an inlet for ionizable gas and an outlet for ionized gas; a conductive wall surrounding said chamber; a primary winding surrounding said wall; said wall serving as a secondary coil for said primary winding; said wall having a hollow portion bounding said outlet and comprising at least two sections, insulated from each other along the direction from said inlet to said outlet; and means for providing an additional potential difierence between said sections.
2. An induction heating system comprising: a chamber having an inlet for ionizable gas and an outlet for ionized gas; a conductive wall surrounding said chamber; a primary winding surrounding said wall; said wall serving as a secondary coil for said primary winding; said wall having a hollow portion bounding said outlet and comprising a plurality of sections insulated from each other along the direction from said inlet to said outlet; and means for providing an additional potential difference between said sections.
3. An induction heating system comprising: a chamber having an inlet for ionizable gas and an outlet for ionized gas; a conductive wall surrounding said chamber; a primary winding surrounding said Wall; said wall serving as a secondary coil for said primary winding; said wall having a hollow portion bounding said outlet and comprising at least two sections insulated from each other along the direction from said inlet to said outlet; supply means for providing an additional potential difference between said sections; means for connecting said supply means to said sections, said means comprising filtering means for filtering the higher trequencies.
4. An induction heating system comprising: a chamber having an inlet for ionizable gas and an outlet for ionized gas; a conductive wall surrounding said chamber; a primary winding surrounding said wall; said wall serving as a secondary coil for said primary winding; said wall having a hollow portion bounding said outlet and comprising at least two sections insulated from each other along the direction from said inlet to said outlet; said hollow portion comprising a plurality of recesses and means for providing an additional potential difierence between said sections.
5. An induction heating system comprising: a chamber having an inlet for ionizable gas and an outlet for ionized gas; a conductive wall surrounding said chamber; a primary winding surrounding said wall; said Wall serving as References Cited by the Examiner UNITED STATES PATENTS 1,997,741 4/1935 Northrup 2l9l0.49 2,537,289 1/1951 Van Embden 2l9l0.49 2,644,881 7/1953 Schorg 219-1051 3,129,351 4/1964 Martinek 219-75 RICHARD M. WOOD, Primary Examiner.
L. H. BENDER, Assistant Examiner.
Claims (1)
1. AN INDUCTION HEATING SYSTEM COMPRISING: A CHAMBER HAVING AN INLET FOR IONIZABLE GAS AN OUTLETFOR IONIZED GAS; A CONDUCTIVE WALL SURROUNDING SAID CHAMBER; A PRIMARY WINDING SURROUNDING SAID WALL; SAID WALL SERVING AS A SECONDARY COIL FOR SAID PRIMARY WINDING; SAID WALL HAVING A HOLLOW PORTION BOUNDING SAID OUTLET AND COMPRISING AT LEAST TWO SECTIONS, INSULATED FROM EACH OTHER ALONG THE DIRECTION FROM SAID INLET TO SAID OUTLET; AND MEANS FOR PROVIDING AND ADDITIONAL POTENTIAL DIFFERENCE BETWEEN SAID SECTIONS.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR922221A FR1358425A (en) | 1963-01-22 | 1963-01-22 | High Frequency Plasma Torch Improvement |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US3277265A true US3277265A (en) | 1966-10-04 |
Family
ID=8795244
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US338933A Expired - Lifetime US3277265A (en) | 1963-01-22 | 1964-01-20 | Plasma heating systems |
Country Status (8)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US3277265A (en) |
BE (1) | BE642839A (en) |
CH (1) | CH423024A (en) |
DE (1) | DE1259481B (en) |
FR (1) | FR1358425A (en) |
GB (1) | GB1017012A (en) |
LU (1) | LU45249A1 (en) |
NL (1) | NL6400441A (en) |
Cited By (11)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3415968A (en) * | 1965-06-02 | 1968-12-10 | British Titan Products | Gas heating apparatus |
US3428771A (en) * | 1964-11-20 | 1969-02-18 | British Titan Products | Plasma producing apparatus |
US3440387A (en) * | 1965-11-12 | 1969-04-22 | Philips Corp | High frequency heating system with inductive plasma |
US3445616A (en) * | 1966-12-06 | 1969-05-20 | Corning Glass Works | Electric flame generator |
US3501675A (en) * | 1966-10-12 | 1970-03-17 | British Titan Products | Initiation process |
US4006340A (en) * | 1973-09-28 | 1977-02-01 | Compagnie Industrielle Des Telecommunications Cit-Alcatel | Device for the rapid depositing of oxides in thin layers which adhere well to plastic supports |
US4109128A (en) * | 1975-09-01 | 1978-08-22 | Wacker-Chemitronik Gesellschaft Fur Elektronik-Grundstoffe Mbh | Method for the production of semiconductor rods of large diameter and device for making the same |
US4386255A (en) * | 1979-12-17 | 1983-05-31 | Rca Corporation | Susceptor for rotary disc reactor |
US5743961A (en) * | 1996-05-09 | 1998-04-28 | United Technologies Corporation | Thermal spray coating apparatus |
US5844192A (en) * | 1996-05-09 | 1998-12-01 | United Technologies Corporation | Thermal spray coating method and apparatus |
US20050067308A1 (en) * | 2003-09-30 | 2005-03-31 | Thompson Brian J. | Trocar assembly tip protector |
Families Citing this family (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE1260439B (en) * | 1964-02-08 | 1968-02-08 | Siemens Ag | Device for crucible-free zone melting |
WO2011048372A1 (en) | 2009-10-20 | 2011-04-28 | Enda Thomas | Bed with in - built toilet facility |
Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US1997741A (en) * | 1933-05-02 | 1935-04-16 | Ajax Electrothermic Corp | Muffle inductor electric furnace |
US2537289A (en) * | 1944-04-26 | 1951-01-09 | Hartford Nat Bank & Trust Co | Device for heating pieces of work by means of high-frequency alternating currents |
US2644881A (en) * | 1948-12-20 | 1953-07-07 | Schorg Carl Christian | Inductively heated electrical contact furnace with preheater |
US3129351A (en) * | 1961-12-21 | 1964-04-14 | Gen Electric | Multielectrode arc assembly |
Family Cites Families (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3024350A (en) * | 1959-01-07 | 1962-03-06 | Union Carbide Corp | Alternating current arc plasma torches |
FR1276805A (en) * | 1960-10-14 | 1961-11-24 | Traitements Electrolytiques & | Electric induction heater |
FR1338946A (en) * | 1962-08-21 | 1963-10-04 | Soc De Traitements Electrolytiques Et Electrothermiques | High frequency plasma torch |
-
1963
- 1963-01-22 FR FR922221A patent/FR1358425A/en not_active Expired
-
1964
- 1964-01-18 LU LU45249D patent/LU45249A1/xx unknown
- 1964-01-20 US US338933A patent/US3277265A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1964-01-21 DE DES89158A patent/DE1259481B/en active Pending
- 1964-01-21 GB GB2695/64A patent/GB1017012A/en not_active Expired
- 1964-01-22 CH CH68864A patent/CH423024A/en unknown
- 1964-01-22 BE BE642839A patent/BE642839A/xx unknown
- 1964-01-22 NL NL6400441A patent/NL6400441A/xx unknown
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US1997741A (en) * | 1933-05-02 | 1935-04-16 | Ajax Electrothermic Corp | Muffle inductor electric furnace |
US2537289A (en) * | 1944-04-26 | 1951-01-09 | Hartford Nat Bank & Trust Co | Device for heating pieces of work by means of high-frequency alternating currents |
US2644881A (en) * | 1948-12-20 | 1953-07-07 | Schorg Carl Christian | Inductively heated electrical contact furnace with preheater |
US3129351A (en) * | 1961-12-21 | 1964-04-14 | Gen Electric | Multielectrode arc assembly |
Cited By (11)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3428771A (en) * | 1964-11-20 | 1969-02-18 | British Titan Products | Plasma producing apparatus |
US3415968A (en) * | 1965-06-02 | 1968-12-10 | British Titan Products | Gas heating apparatus |
US3440387A (en) * | 1965-11-12 | 1969-04-22 | Philips Corp | High frequency heating system with inductive plasma |
US3501675A (en) * | 1966-10-12 | 1970-03-17 | British Titan Products | Initiation process |
US3445616A (en) * | 1966-12-06 | 1969-05-20 | Corning Glass Works | Electric flame generator |
US4006340A (en) * | 1973-09-28 | 1977-02-01 | Compagnie Industrielle Des Telecommunications Cit-Alcatel | Device for the rapid depositing of oxides in thin layers which adhere well to plastic supports |
US4109128A (en) * | 1975-09-01 | 1978-08-22 | Wacker-Chemitronik Gesellschaft Fur Elektronik-Grundstoffe Mbh | Method for the production of semiconductor rods of large diameter and device for making the same |
US4386255A (en) * | 1979-12-17 | 1983-05-31 | Rca Corporation | Susceptor for rotary disc reactor |
US5743961A (en) * | 1996-05-09 | 1998-04-28 | United Technologies Corporation | Thermal spray coating apparatus |
US5844192A (en) * | 1996-05-09 | 1998-12-01 | United Technologies Corporation | Thermal spray coating method and apparatus |
US20050067308A1 (en) * | 2003-09-30 | 2005-03-31 | Thompson Brian J. | Trocar assembly tip protector |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE1259481B (en) | 1968-01-25 |
NL6400441A (en) | 1964-07-23 |
BE642839A (en) | 1964-05-15 |
LU45249A1 (en) | 1964-03-18 |
FR1358425A (en) | 1964-04-17 |
GB1017012A (en) | 1966-01-12 |
CH423024A (en) | 1966-10-31 |
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