US327564A - James maodonald - Google Patents

Description

(No ModeL) vJQm01)ONALD.

v HYDROSTATIC LEVELING IISTRUIMENT.A No. 327,564. C'

Patented Oct. 6*, 1885.

l a I F armlrlgly/V//M/ @Imm T.4 Ill.. lili i .Tovall it con/centri" i *Y the following attached to the standards respectively.

air to said tubes respectively may be automatically closed, so as to prevent a loss of I 4 tubes.

" s* 'UNiTEnfSTATES A the purpose of ascertaining the levels of dif-` aviones-imite.; ve

C p .1. ,i v wmf.. ig v t SPECIFICATION forming partoiLettersPatent No. 327,S.6 4..dated Ocizo `vApplioatioxilil,ed une 1.11, 1885iV Be itiknown` thatI, JAMnsMnonoNALn, of".`

ytheicity, county,- and StateofNewgYork, have,v y l inventedcertain new and useful Improvements in Hydrostatio Levelingflnstrumentsmf-whieh is a. description, referencebeing had tothe accompanying drawings, in which-` Figure 1 is a view of said instrument, one ofthe stauidard's being shown in section and, the other in elevation, the connecting-tube of s which is broken. Fig. 2 is an enlarged'vertical sectional view indetail of a portion of the top of one of the tubes, showing the construction of the valve therein. Fig. 3 is a bottom view of the screw cap and valve, taken on the line a: ai, Fig. 2, viewed in the direction of the arrow there shown. Fig. 4 is a plan view of the ring-nut by which the inner tube is fastened within the'case, and Fig. 5 is a plan view in detail of one of the ring clasps or indicators Like letters of reference indicate like parts in the diiierent figures.

My invention relates to certain improvements in hydrostatic leveling-instruments for ferent planes of varying altitude, where it isi mpracticable, by reason of intervening obstructions or otherwise, to utilize the ordinary level; and my object is, rst, to provide a simple and effective means to ascertain and gage the height of the liquid in the respective tubes with the utmost accuracy, in connection with a suitable scale; second, to provide a simple and effective means whereby, when said level has once been attained, the liquid in said tubes may be temporarilypieserved in a iixed position while theinstrument is removed for examination; and, third, to provide a'valve mechanism whereby the vent which supplies liquid upon an accidental overturning of the In the drawings, A A represent two standards, which consist of hollow shells or cylinders, preferably ofbrass', eaohof which is provided vvith a suitable base, A', into which the same is inserted and attached by means of cement, a serewthread, or otherwise.

Within the shells Aareinsertcd glass tubes harmless. l

.a BT; aus at rserves ,h

placed rubber fringe .on,Washerslala-,FigsJP 1 and 2," whenV the. 1whole is. secured,y .irmly; in placeby, means of a screw-ring, vk1;provided with. slots 112,11?,

of the top of the shell A, s'uicient space being ...left above the samelfor thereceptionofa screwthreaded. cap, `G. Said -capis providedwith the usual milledfangteaeenbral .Groninger plate, p2,- ,better n preferably a perforation,`.c, and` a rbottom.

swaged into position, as shown, .leavingl space or chamber, c, between said plate and the top, into which is loosely inserted an inverted conoidal-shaped cup or valve, D, the lower end of which is caused to protrude Fig. 4,. wherebyth same muy..L besorewed within.thescrew:threaded interior through the plate c2 in order to retain the same in an upright position, while said protruding portion is-made smaller than that above, leaving a shoulder, d, thereon to retain said cup within the cavity c3. The perforation in the plate o2 through which said cup protrudes is made preferably of a triangular or other irregular shape, as shown in Fig. 3, so that, while the cup D is prevented from moving laterally, one or more air-passages is provided at the side thereof, so that` when the cup is in its normal position, as shown in Fig. 3, the air is free to pass downwardly through the vent c', around the cup and intoy the tube B.

The interior of the base A is bored downwardly, as at a, Fig. 1, so as to communicate with a lateral opening or passage, a.

Tubes or'neeks A2 A2 are screwed into the base A' to communicate with said tubes being provided with the usual con rugations or enlargements for the reception and retention of a exible rubber tube, E, stretched thereover, by which. said standards arev connected. Each of said necks A is provided with a stopcock or cut-oil', it, for the purposes hereinafter named.

Upon opposite sides of each of the shells A, I place slots a3 a?, one of which is shown in the left hand in Fig. 1, and the other indicated in dotted lines upon the right. one side of one of said slots in each of said standards I place a suitably-numbered gage or scale, a, in connection'with which I prothe apertures a',

vide a ring-clasp or indicator, F, upon which- Upon ICO

. moved elsewhere,

is shown, by preference, a Vernier scale, f. The standards A Aare shown upon di'erent levels G G. The stop-cocks a2 1f-being .open the liquid within the tubes assumes the level shownI by the dotted lines y y. The rings F F are moved to indicate this position, and the cocks 'a a2 turned to retain said liquid in place, after which the standards may be reif desired, and the scales carefully examined. Should said tubes be overturnedor the respective altitudes ofthe standards changed too vmuch to correspond with the height of the tubes,the liquid therein is forced into one or both of the cups D and the vent c closed, thus preventing leakage.

While I prefer to use two stop-cocks, it is obvious that one may accomplish a like purpose, the vsame being placed either upon one of the necks A, as shown, orat any intermediatcy point between the two standards.

Having thus described my invention, I claimi 1. The combination, in a hydrostatic level- 'ing-instrument, of the standards A A, united by means of a flexible tube, ring-claspsl or indicators F F, one or more stop-cocked2 a', and

conoidal cup-shaped valves D D, with theperforated tops'C, substantially as andfor the purposes'speciiied.

2. In ahydrostatic leveling-instrument, the '3o conoidal cup-shaped valves D D, provided .with supports for loosely sustaining the same in suitable positions respectively near perforations or vents in the tops of the standards, whereby a pressure of liquid within one or the 35 other of said valves' may automatically close the vent, substantially as described.

3.l The combination, with the standards, of a hydrostatic leveling-instrument,l ofthe perforated cap-O, valves vD D, and a perforated 4o plate c, for sustaining said cup-valves loosely if? in upright position, substantially as speci- 4'. The combination of the perforated caps C C, cups D D, 4and plates c c, each of the lat- 45 ter being provided with one or more air-passages at the side of and adjacent to said cups,

substantially as and for the purposes specied.-

JAS. MMJDONALDi- Witnemes:

D. H. FLETCHER, M. M.`GBIDLEY.

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