US3267030A - Extinguisher powders based on alkali metal bicarbonates - Google Patents
Extinguisher powders based on alkali metal bicarbonates Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US3267030A US3267030A US278742A US27874263A US3267030A US 3267030 A US3267030 A US 3267030A US 278742 A US278742 A US 278742A US 27874263 A US27874263 A US 27874263A US 3267030 A US3267030 A US 3267030A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- powders
- extinguishing
- talc
- bicarbonate
- powder
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 title claims description 65
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 11
- -1 alkali metal bicarbonates Chemical class 0.000 title description 10
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 43
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 claims description 28
- 239000000454 talc Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 229910052623 talc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bicarbonate Chemical compound OC([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 11
- UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-DEQYMQKBSA-M Sodium bicarbonate-14C Chemical compound [Na+].O[14C]([O-])=O UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-DEQYMQKBSA-M 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011736 potassium bicarbonate Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000015497 potassium bicarbonate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910000028 potassium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- TYJJADVDDVDEDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium hydrogencarbonate Chemical compound [K+].OC([O-])=O TYJJADVDDVDEDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium bicarbonate Chemical compound [Na+].OC([O-])=O UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 12
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 235000017557 sodium bicarbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 229910000030 sodium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229920002545 silicone oil Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 2
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000002209 hydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000004668 long chain fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000011241 protective layer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008033 biological extinction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium carbonate Substances [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 235000010216 calcium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000001627 detrimental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010881 fly ash Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004088 foaming agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZLNQQNXFFQJAID-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium carbonate Chemical class [Mg+2].[O-]C([O-])=O ZLNQQNXFFQJAID-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000001095 magnesium carbonate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011160 magnesium carbonates Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000004760 silicates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000344 soap Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000012222 talc Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001993 wax Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62D—CHEMICAL MEANS FOR EXTINGUISHING FIRES OR FOR COMBATING OR PROTECTING AGAINST HARMFUL CHEMICAL AGENTS; CHEMICAL MATERIALS FOR USE IN BREATHING APPARATUS
- A62D1/00—Fire-extinguishing compositions; Use of chemical substances in extinguishing fires
- A62D1/0071—Foams
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62D—CHEMICAL MEANS FOR EXTINGUISHING FIRES OR FOR COMBATING OR PROTECTING AGAINST HARMFUL CHEMICAL AGENTS; CHEMICAL MATERIALS FOR USE IN BREATHING APPARATUS
- A62D1/00—Fire-extinguishing compositions; Use of chemical substances in extinguishing fires
- A62D1/0007—Solid extinguishing substances
- A62D1/0014—Powders; Granules
Definitions
- the present invention relates to compositions based on alkali metal bicarbonates, used in fire extinguishers of the dry powder type.
- Refined sodium bicarbonate in the state of very fine particles, is very suitable for filling extinguishing apparatus using powder. It has been known for a long time to improve its suitability for projection by coating it with a metallic salt of a long chain fatty acid.
- alkali metal bicarbonate powders of certain inert fillers in the finely divided state has permitted the improvement of their mobility to a degree varying with the characteristics of the filler.
- the fillers used there may be mentioned talc, calcium and magnesium carbonates, silica, certain silicates, fly-ash, etc.
- the best method of putting out a hydrocarbon fire consists in combining the advantages of powder and foam extinguishers, in putting out the fire by means of an extinguishing powder, then covering the zone where the fire extinguishing has been effected, with a layer of protective foam.
- the present invention provides extinguishing powder compositions compatible with the foams and presenting at the same time a very good suitability for projection.
- compositions according to the invention comprise -98% of a finely divided alkali metal bicarbonate, advantageously sodium bicarbonate, potassium bicarbonate or mixtures thereof, 1-l9% of talc and l8% of very fine grain silica.
- Talc and silica used as additive must have a particle size as fine as possible.
- the silica it is essential that it shall be made up of extremely fine grains, much more fine than the bicarbonate particles.
- the average size of the silica particles should be advantageously less than 1 micron, and preferably equal to a few hundredths of a micron at the most.
- the properties of the powders according to the invention are particularly unexpected in view of the fact that each of the two additives, talc and very fine grain silica, employed alone, confer on extinguishing powders based on alkali metal bicarbonates, only mediocre properties.
- such powders offer a capacity for projection at least equal to and often superior to the best coated powders.
- the powders corresponding to compositions according to the inevntion are perfectly compatible with extinguishing foams.
- the latter can subsist at high temperature in the presence of the powders for a long time, practically as long as in the absence of the powder.
- the bicarbonate usable in these compositions is an uncoated powder, composed of particles of a size as small as possible.
- a bicarbonate having an average particle size in the neighbourhood of ten microns is particularly suitable for carrying out the invention.
- finely divided sodium bicarbonate is coated with at most 0.5% silicone oil, preferably 0.050.2%, calculated on the weight of bicarbonate to be coated.
- This coating can be carried out advantageously according to the process of projection and whirling, in a mixer consisting of a horizontal drum in which an axial shaft, carrying paddles in the form of plough shears, rotates at the rate of 300 revolutions per minute.
- Talc and very fine grain silica are then added to the coated powder, for the purpose of conferring thereon the properties of mobility and compatibility.
- a powder of this type may have the following composition:
- potassium bicarbonate offers extinguishing properties similar to those of sodium bicarbonate, all or part of the sodium bicarbonate may be replaced, if desired, by potassium bicarbonate.
- a particularly well suited mixer consists of a horizontal drum in which an axial shaft carrying large paddles rotates at the rate of 300 revolutions per minute.
- the invention is in no way limited to the compositions given by way of example.
- the capacity for projection of the extinguishing powders was tested in an apparatus for projecting powders, especially designed for the evaluation of the mobility and the aptitude for projection of extinguishing powders and which is a reduced model of the commercial apparatus.
- the degree of compatibility of the extinguishing powders with the foams is given by the measure of time required for the liquefaction, at elevated temperature, of a determined volume of foam recovered from a given quantity of the powder to be examined.
- a powder is considered compatible when the time necessary for liquefying the foam in the presence of the powder, is greater than half the time measured for the foam alone.
- Extinguishing powder compatible with fire extinguishing foams consisting of -98% of an alkali metal bicarbonate having an average particle size of the order of 10 microns selected from the group which consists of potassium bicarbonate, sodium bicarbonate and mixtures thereof, 119% talc having an average particle size of less than 1 micron, and 18% silica having an average particle size less than 1 micron, of the order of 0.05 micron.
- Extinguishing powder compatible with fire extinguishing foams consisting of 80-98% of sodium bicarbonate having an average particle size of the order of 10 microns, 119% of talc having an average particle size of less than 1 micron and 18% of silica having an average particle size of less than 1 micron and of the order of 0.05 micron.
- Extinguishing powder compatible with fire extinguishing foams consisting of 80-98% of an alkali metal bicarbonate having an average particle size of the order of 10 microns selected from the group which consists of sodium bicarbonate, potassium bicarbonate, and mixtable permit to 5 6 ture thereof, 149% of talc, and 18% of very fine grain References Cited by the Examiner silica, having an average particle size of less than 1 micron.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
- Emergency Management (AREA)
- Detergent Compositions (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| BE492891 | 1962-05-09 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US3267030A true US3267030A (en) | 1966-08-16 |
Family
ID=3844676
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US278742A Expired - Lifetime US3267030A (en) | 1962-05-09 | 1963-05-07 | Extinguisher powders based on alkali metal bicarbonates |
Country Status (6)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US3267030A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) |
| CH (1) | CH410644A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) |
| DK (1) | DK114598B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) |
| FI (1) | FI42273B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) |
| FR (1) | FR1361606A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) |
| NL (2) | NL292142A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) |
Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3544459A (en) * | 1966-11-29 | 1970-12-01 | Graviner Colnbrook Ltd | Method of extinguishing fires |
| US4042521A (en) * | 1973-09-25 | 1977-08-16 | Dunn Byron G | Fire extinguishing composition |
| US4173538A (en) * | 1975-10-08 | 1979-11-06 | Herbline Celestin L | Extinguishing product comprising an uninflammable powder and liquid |
| US4226727A (en) * | 1978-07-21 | 1980-10-07 | Energy & Minerals Research Co. | Persistent fire suppressant composition |
| US4234432A (en) * | 1977-10-26 | 1980-11-18 | Energy And Minerals Research Co. | Powder dissemination composition |
| US5552084A (en) * | 1994-07-20 | 1996-09-03 | Church & Dwight Co., Inc. | Free-flowing potassium bicarbonate composition |
| US5945025A (en) * | 1997-12-08 | 1999-08-31 | Cunningham; James A. | Fire extinguishing composition and method for fire extinguishing |
| EP3556441A1 (en) * | 2018-04-17 | 2019-10-23 | ImerTech SAS | Fire suppressant foam forming compositions, precursors, their uses and methods of making them |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2750691B1 (fr) | 1996-07-08 | 1998-12-11 | Rhone Poulenc Chimie | Utilisation de silice comme agent controlant la degradation du bicarbonate, melange resultant et son application |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2816864A (en) * | 1956-04-03 | 1957-12-17 | Ansul Chemical Co | Foam-compatible fire-extinguishing composition |
| US2901427A (en) * | 1956-05-12 | 1959-08-25 | Chem Fab Grunau Ag | Dry fire extinguishing composition |
| US3085944A (en) * | 1960-04-19 | 1963-04-16 | American Cyanamid Co | Free-flowing intrinsic factor concentrate |
-
0
- NL NL129165D patent/NL129165C/xx active
- NL NL292142D patent/NL292142A/xx unknown
-
1963
- 1963-04-18 CH CH484763A patent/CH410644A/fr unknown
- 1963-05-03 FR FR933569A patent/FR1361606A/fr not_active Expired
- 1963-05-07 FI FI0941/63A patent/FI42273B/fi active
- 1963-05-07 US US278742A patent/US3267030A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1963-05-08 DK DK218063AA patent/DK114598B/da unknown
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2816864A (en) * | 1956-04-03 | 1957-12-17 | Ansul Chemical Co | Foam-compatible fire-extinguishing composition |
| US2901427A (en) * | 1956-05-12 | 1959-08-25 | Chem Fab Grunau Ag | Dry fire extinguishing composition |
| US3085944A (en) * | 1960-04-19 | 1963-04-16 | American Cyanamid Co | Free-flowing intrinsic factor concentrate |
Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3544459A (en) * | 1966-11-29 | 1970-12-01 | Graviner Colnbrook Ltd | Method of extinguishing fires |
| US4042521A (en) * | 1973-09-25 | 1977-08-16 | Dunn Byron G | Fire extinguishing composition |
| US4173538A (en) * | 1975-10-08 | 1979-11-06 | Herbline Celestin L | Extinguishing product comprising an uninflammable powder and liquid |
| US4234432A (en) * | 1977-10-26 | 1980-11-18 | Energy And Minerals Research Co. | Powder dissemination composition |
| US4226727A (en) * | 1978-07-21 | 1980-10-07 | Energy & Minerals Research Co. | Persistent fire suppressant composition |
| US5552084A (en) * | 1994-07-20 | 1996-09-03 | Church & Dwight Co., Inc. | Free-flowing potassium bicarbonate composition |
| US5945025A (en) * | 1997-12-08 | 1999-08-31 | Cunningham; James A. | Fire extinguishing composition and method for fire extinguishing |
| EP3556441A1 (en) * | 2018-04-17 | 2019-10-23 | ImerTech SAS | Fire suppressant foam forming compositions, precursors, their uses and methods of making them |
| WO2019202045A1 (en) * | 2018-04-17 | 2019-10-24 | Imertech Sas | Fire suppressant foam forming compositions, precursors, their uses and methods of making them |
| CN111989139A (zh) * | 2018-04-17 | 2020-11-24 | 伊梅斯切公司 | 灭火泡沫形成用组合物、前体、其用途及其制备方法 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| FI42273B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) | 1970-03-02 |
| NL292142A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) | |
| NL129165C (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) | |
| DK114598B (da) | 1969-07-14 |
| FR1361606A (fr) | 1964-05-22 |
| CH410644A (fr) | 1966-03-31 |
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