US326562A

US326562A - hopkins

Info

Publication number: US326562A
Authority: US
Publication date: 1885-09-22
Anticipated expiration: 1902-09-22

Description

(No Model.) 5 Sheets-Sheet 1. I

G. M. & I. N. HOPKINS.

GA$ ENGINE.

No. 826,562. Patented Sept. 22,1885.

N. PETERS, Phflb-Lilhognpher, Wnhinghm, D. C.

(N0 Model.)

5 Sheets-Sheet 2.

G. M."& I. N. HOPKINS.

GAS ENGINE.

Patented Sept, 22, 1885.

N. FETERs Pmwmhg nw". wi-mmmuc.

(No Model.) 5 SheetsSheet 3.

G. M. 82; I. N. HOPKINS.

GAS ENGINE. V No."3 26','562. Patented Sept. 22. 1885.

' 1/ III II/II N. PETERS. Photo-Lithograph". Wmhinglnn. n. c.

(No Model.) 5 Sheets-Sheet 4.

G. M. & I. N. HOPKINS.

GAS ENGINE No. 326,562. Patented Sept. 22, 1885.

wayzrwaaw. I fizz/anion fi/ N. PETERS. PhalvLilhogmpher, Washington, a c.

(No Model.) 5 Sheets-Sheet 5.

G. M. 85 I. N. HOPKINS.

GAS ENGINE. .No. 326,562. Patented Sept. 22, 1885.

ETERS. PhowLflhognphen Waahingion. QC.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

GEORGE M. HOPKINS AND I. NEWTON HOPKINS, OF BROOKLYN, Y.

GAS-ENGINE.

SPBCIFICATIONforrning part of Letters Patent No. 326,562, dated September 22, 1885.

Application filed July 2, 1885. (No model.)

ToaZZ whom it may concern.-

Be it known that we, GEORGE M. Horxnvs and I. NEWTON HOPKINS, both of the city of Brooklyn, county of Kings, and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Gas-Engines, of which the following is a specification, reference being had to the annexed drawings, forming a part thereof, in which Figure 1 is a side elevation of our improved engine. Fig. 2 is a plan view. Fig. 3 is a central horizontal section. Fig. 4 is a vertical transverse section taken on line w a; in Figs. 1 and 3. Fig. 5 is aside elevation showing the relation of the ignition-burner to the ignition-aperture. Fig. 6 is a vertical transverse section of the ignition-burner. Fig. 7 is a front elevation of the air-pipe. Fig. 8 is a side elevation of a modified form of the engine, and Fig. 9 is a transverse section taken on line g yin Fig. 8.

The object of our invention is to provide a simple and inexpensive gas-engine for the smaller uses for which motive power is applied and it consists in the con1bination,with acylinder having an ignition-aperture in one side thereof and an aperture in the opposite side for receiving gas and air, of a piston which is prolonged within the cylinder and provided with apertures in the opposite sides thereof, the said prolongation acting as a valve for the admission of the explosive mixture of gas and air and for the entrance of the ignition-flame.

It also consists in the combination,with the piston having a prolongation acting as the valve, as above described, of a deflector placed within the piston and adapted to deiiect the ignition-flame backward toward the closed end of the cylinder and into the most inflammable portion of the explosive mixture contained in the piston.

It also consists in providing an auxiliary air-port in the cylinder and in the piston,and in the combination,with the cylinder and piston provided with a port for the admission of the mixture of gas and air,and having an auxiliary port for the admission of air,of adouble induction-tube, one portion being arranged to receive the mixture of gas and air and the other to receive air only.

and a wire-gauze chimney inclosing the auxiliary jet and the platinum spiral.

The cylinder A is mounted on the base B,in one end of which are the journals of the crank-shaft G. g The cylinder A contains apiston, D, having a hollow cylindrical prolongation D, whoselength is a little greater than that of the stroke of the engine. The forward end of the piston D is connected by a connecting-rod, E, of the usual construction,with the crank O of the crank-shaft O.

In one side of the cylinder, at a point in the stroke of the piston at which an ignition of the combustible contents of the cylinder and piston is desired, is formed an ignition-aperture, a, and a similar though somewhat 1011 or aperture, a, is formed in the prolongation D of the piston D. Within the prolongation D, of the piston D,and opposite theignition-aperture a, is secured a deflector, b, which is inclined to the axial line of the cylinder at an angle of about sixty degrees, so that the flame of the ignition-burner, entering the ignition-aperatures a a, is deflected toward the open end of the cylindrical prolongation of the piston D.

Opposite the ignition-aperature a, in the side of the cylinder A, is formed a port, a, for receiving the mixture of gas and air into the cylinder, and in the prolongation D of the piston D is formed a port, 0, which passes the port 0 in the cylinder during the early part of the outward stroke of the piston D, so that as the piston D moves forward by the momentum of the fly-wheel attached to the crankshaft (J, the mixture of air and gas is drawn in through the ports 0 0 until the port 0 is closed by the prolongation D of the piston.

In the same side of the cylinder A in which the port 0 is formed, and preferably below the said port, an auxiliary air-port, d,is formed in the wall of the cylinder, and a corresponding port, (1, is formed in the side of the prolongation D of the piston, so that the said port cl is opened and closed in unison with the-opening and closing of the port 0. Air is only admitted through the ports d d. to the cylinder, the object being to dilute the explosive mixture contained in the piston and cylinder by admission of an extra portion of air and also to insure the better mixture of the air and gas drawn into the piston and cylinder through the ports a 0.

An air and gas induction-tube, F, attached partition, f, into two parts, 9 h.

apertured valve-seat, a, near the port a, op-

posite which, onthe side next to the cylinder, 1 is suspended a flap-valve, j, upon the screw k, the valve being arranged to hang normally a ing the period of exhausting the products of open.

The gassupply pipe 1 communicates with, the part h of the tube F near the valve-seat t.

The part of the tube F communicates with the port (1 in the cylinder.

der of the engine.

supporting the ignition-burner 0. 71, between the pipe Z and the burner o, is a regulating-cock, 19, between which and the burner 0 there is a branch pipe, q, terminating in a burner-tube, r, having supported above it and concentric with the orifice of the burner a small platinum spiral, s, the platinum spiral being attached to a ring, it, which slips over the burner-tube.

The platinum spiral s and the flame burning from the tube are protected by a wiregauze chimney, to, which admits air to the burner, but prevents gusts of wind from extinguishing the flame.

' cated relative to the end of the pipe F and t the burner 0, so that should the flame of the burner 0 become extinguished it would be relit by the flame of the burner r, and if the engine from any cause shouldcease to act, and

gas should flow from the pipe F, it would be ignited and consumed, thus preventing its v escape into the room.

The cylinderhead A is cast integrallywith the exhaust-valve e, and a passage, f, leads from the interior of the cylinder to the port The gas-supply pipe Zextends through the base 13, and is provided with a regulating-cock, m, for controlling the supply of gas consumed in the cylin- The burner r is 10- The water preferably enters the stop-cock w at the bottom of the cylinder, and is discharged from the pipe w at the top of the cylinder.

The operation of our improved engine is as follows: By imparting motion to the fly-wheel of the engine in the direction indicated by the arrow, the burner 0 being lit, and gas being allowed to flow into the part h. of the tube F, the outward movement of the piston D draws in the mixture of gas and air from the part h of the tube F through the valveseat z and ports a a into the interior of the piston D. At the same time air enters the interior of the piston through the part g of the tube F through the ports (I d. The mixture drawn in through the port 0 is at first very strong, owing to the accumulation in the tube F of gas during the latter part of the previous forward stroke and durcombustion from the cylinder. After the strong mixture is drawn into the cylinder, owing to the comparatively slow but continuous flow of gas through the pipe I, the mixture entering the cylinder subsequently becomes weak and uniform. Wheuthe cylindrical prolongation D of the piston D closes the ports 0 d, the ignition-aperature a in the side of the piston D coincides with the ignition-aperture a in the cylinder, and the flame of the burner 0 is drawn into the cylinder and deflected toward the open end of-the cylindrical prolongation D of the piston by the deflector b, so that the flame is carried into the richest portion of the explosive mixture contained by the hollow piston. An explosion then follows, and the piston is driven forward to the extreme forward end of its stroke, when the occentric h will open the exhaust-valve and allow the products of combustion to escape through the exhaust-passage f during the entire return-stroke of the piston. When the port 0 in the piston coincides with the port 0 in the cylinder on the return-stroke -of the piston, some of the products of combustion escape into the port a, but are prevented from entering the body of the pipe F by the flapvalve j,- but as the pressure of the gases contained by the cylinder is nearly exhausted by the time the ports 0 d arrive at the ports 0 d very little of the products of combustion es-' cape in that way. When the piston arrives at' the inner end of its stroke, the exhaustvalve closes and another portion of the mixture of gas and air is drawn in through the port 0, another volume of air is drawn in through the port d, and the operation justdescribed is repeated.

smaller engine the tube F is not divided longitudinally, and it is provided with no flapvalve. The port (I of the cylinder communicates directly with the external air, and does not enter into any tube, as in the other case. The ignition-burner 0 is a simple Bunsen burner, and is provided with no auxiliary burner for relighting it, as it is found in the small engine the ignition-flame is never extinguished.

The operation of the engine shown in Figs. 8 and 9 is similar to that shown in the other figures. Gas being admitted to the tube F by the regulating-cock m and to the burner o by the regulating-cock 10, the burner 0 being lit, the fly-Wheel is turned in the direction of the arrow, drawing in the explosive mixture from the tube F, air through the port d, and, finally, the ignition-flame through the ignition-apertures a a, When explosion follows, driving the piston forward to the outer end of the stroke.

The exhaust-valve e is operated in the same manner as in the other case.

Having thus described our invention, what we claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

l. The combination, in a gas-engine, of a cylinder having ignition and air and gas inlet ports, and the piston provided with a cylindrical prolongation having formed in it ports corresponding with the ports in the cylinder, and a deflector placed within the ignitionaperture of the piston and arranged to deflect the ignition-flame toward the open end of the cylindrical prolongation, substantially as herein specified.

2. The combination, in a gas-engine, of a cylinder, A, having the ignition-port a, gas and air inlet port a, air-inlet port d, and the piston provided with a cylindrical prolongation, D, and provided with an ignition-aperture, a, and ports 0 d, a tube, F, communicating with the port 0, and opening underneath and in the vicinity of the ignition-burner,substantiallyas and for the purpose herein specified.

3. The combination, with the air and gas induction pipe F, of a valve-seat, z, and a normally-open valve, j, and a gas-supply pipe, Z, entering the induction-tube F outside of the valve j, as herein specified. 7

4. The combination, in a gas-engine, of a cylinder, A, having in one side thereof an ignition-port, a, and in the opposite side ports 0 d, for the admission of gas and air, a tube, F, divided longitudinally by a partition, f, forming a passage, q, for the admission of air through the port d, and a passage, h, for the admission of air and for the continuous reception of gas, substantially as herein described.

5. The combination,with the igniting-burner 0, of an auxiliary burner having a tip, 1", a platinum spiral, s, concentric with the tip, and a protecting-chimney, a, of Wire-gauze, for relighting the burner 0 when extinguished, and for lighting the gas issuing from the mouth of the inductioupipe F, as herein specified.

GEO. M. HOPKINS. I. NEWTON HOPKINS.

Witnesses:

DAVID K. CASE, H. O. HAGEN.