US3263229A - Radio transmission relay stations - Google Patents

Radio transmission relay stations Download PDF

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Publication number
US3263229A
US3263229A US223232A US22323262A US3263229A US 3263229 A US3263229 A US 3263229A US 223232 A US223232 A US 223232A US 22323262 A US22323262 A US 22323262A US 3263229 A US3263229 A US 3263229A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
satellite
equatorial plane
relay
globe
axis
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US223232A
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English (en)
Inventor
Simon Jean-Claude
Biggi Victor
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Thales SA
Original Assignee
Csf
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from FR873486A external-priority patent/FR80441E/fr
Application filed by Csf filed Critical Csf
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3263229A publication Critical patent/US3263229A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/27—Adaptation for use in or on movable bodies
    • H01Q1/28—Adaptation for use in or on aircraft, missiles, satellites, or balloons
    • H01Q1/288—Satellite antennas
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
    • H01Q21/06—Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart
    • H01Q21/20—Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart the units being spaced along or adjacent to a curvilinear path
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
    • H04B7/10—Polarisation diversity; Directional diversity

Definitions

  • FIG.2 RADIO TRANSMISSION RELAY STATIONS Filed Sept. 12, 1962 2 Sheets-Sheet l FIG-1 FIG.2
  • the radio link relay for artificial satellites described in above mentioned copending application is provided with a plurality of directional antennas positioned in such a manner that, for any orientation of the satellite, the communication can be received from any given point of the terrestrial globe viewed from the satellite and retransmitted towards another such point.
  • the described relay presents, however, the drawback of making a substantial number of antennas necessary, this number being all the greater as their directivity is higher,
  • the invention relates more particularly to satellites, which are launched from points located in the vicinity of the Equator and follow orbits situated in the equatorial plane of the terrestrial globe.
  • satellites may be stabilized by comparatively simple means, to keep constantly their axis parallel to the polar axis of the globe.
  • Such means are known in the art. It is possible with available launching vehicles, to launch a satellite spinning about the axis of greatest moment of inertia, and with this axis normal to the plane of the desired orbit. In this way, the vehicle will tend to continue, in orbit, the spin axis always normal to this plane.
  • the relay according to the invention is particularly adapted to equip satellites of this latter type, the fact that such satellites are stabilized as indicated making it possible to reduce the number of the antennas of the relay. It comprises a plurality of directive antennas, equally spaced from each other and arranged along the equatorial plane of the satellite, the radiation patterns of the adjacent aerials overlapping at a level 3 db below the maximum and their aperture angles in the equatorial plane being at this level substantially equal to the angle within which the Equator -is seen from the satellite.
  • FIGS. 1 and 2 are respectively plane and elevation views of a satellite provided with a relay according to the invention.
  • FIGS. 3 and 4 are explanatory diagrams.
  • FIGS. 1 and 2 represent a spherical satellite 1. It is assumed that, as indicated above, the axis n-s of the satellite is maintained parallel to the polar axis of the earth, while it describes, as shown in FIG. 3, an orbit O in the equatorial plane of the globe.
  • Directional antennas 2 are disposed on the satellite and supported on a suitable surface. These antennas are in the equatorial plane of the satellite which is perpendicular to line n-s. These antennas are equally spaced along the equatorial line of the satellite. Their radiation patterns have in the equatorial plane such an aperture that they overlap each other at a level 3 db below the maximum and the number of antennas is such that, in the whole of the equatorial plane, the radiation is always at a level which is never lower than 3 db below the maximum.
  • the aperture of the radiation lobe in the meridian plane common to the earth and to the satellite is determined by the zone of the earths surface to be covered and is not necessarily the same as the equatorial plane.
  • FIG. 4 is a cross-section though the meridian plane common to the satellite and earth.
  • the axis of the radiation cone is, as shown, inclined at an angle a to the equatorial plane A-A.
  • the aperture of the cone is such that the radiation is concentrated in an equatorial region, the poles N and S not being illuminated.
  • a radio link relay for ultra short waves for an artificial satellite launched from a point located in the vicinity of the Equator, following orbits situated in the equatorial plane of the terrestrial globe and having stabilizing means to keep constantly its axis parallel to the polar axis of the globe, said relay comprising a plurality of directive simultaneously transmitting and receiving antennas, equally spaced from each other and all arranged in the equatorial plane of the satellite, said aerials having respective radiation patterns overlapping each other in said equatorial plane at a predetermined level below their maximum level, the aperture angle of said patterns being equal to the angle under which the terrestrial globe is viewed from the satellite.
  • a radio link relay for ultra short waves for an artificial satellite launched from a point located in the vicinity of the Equator following orbits situated in the equatorial plane of the terrestrial globe and having stabilizing means to keep constantly its axis parallel to the polar axis of the globe, said relay comprising a plurality of directive simultaneously transmitting and receiving antennas, equal- 1y spaced from each other and all arranged in the equatorial plane of the satellite, said aerials having respective radiation patterns overlapping each other in said equatorial plane, at three db below their maximum level, the aperture angle of said pattern being equal to the average angle under which the earth is seen from the satellite.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Astronomy & Astrophysics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Remote Sensing (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
  • Radio Relay Systems (AREA)
US223232A 1961-09-18 1962-09-12 Radio transmission relay stations Expired - Lifetime US3263229A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR873486A FR80441E (fr) 1961-01-06 1961-09-18 Dispositif de relais de communications radioélectriques

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3263229A true US3263229A (en) 1966-07-26

Family

ID=8763028

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US223232A Expired - Lifetime US3263229A (en) 1961-09-18 1962-09-12 Radio transmission relay stations

Country Status (4)

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US (1) US3263229A (fi)
BE (1) BE622520A (fi)
GB (1) GB1012342A (fi)
NL (1) NL283278A (fi)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2279502B (en) * 1977-07-20 1995-05-24 Emi Ltd Improvements in or relating to aerial arrangements

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3063048A (en) * 1959-05-04 1962-11-06 Space General Corp Discovery and location system
US3095538A (en) * 1960-10-28 1963-06-25 Silberstein Richard Satellite relay station using antenna diversity selection
US3100892A (en) * 1960-12-01 1963-08-13 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Antenna for active satellite repeaters
US3132342A (en) * 1962-07-12 1964-05-05 Roland R Ford Antenna system using parasitic elements and two driven elements at 90 deg. angle fed180 deg. out of phase

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3063048A (en) * 1959-05-04 1962-11-06 Space General Corp Discovery and location system
US3095538A (en) * 1960-10-28 1963-06-25 Silberstein Richard Satellite relay station using antenna diversity selection
US3100892A (en) * 1960-12-01 1963-08-13 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Antenna for active satellite repeaters
US3132342A (en) * 1962-07-12 1964-05-05 Roland R Ford Antenna system using parasitic elements and two driven elements at 90 deg. angle fed180 deg. out of phase

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
NL283278A (fi)
GB1012342A (en) 1965-12-08
BE622520A (fi)

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