US326295A - Grate for furnaces - Google Patents

Description

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S;- H. HUNTINGTON GRATE FOR FURNACES.

No. 326,295. I Patented Sept. 15, 1885.

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GRATB FOR FURNACES. No. 326,295. Patented Sept. 15, 1885.

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GRATE FOR FURNACES.

No. 326,295. Patented Sept; 15, 1885.

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UNITED STATES PATENT Erica.

GRATE FOR FURNACES.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 326,295, dated September 15, 1885.

Application filed September 13, 1884. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, SILAS HYDE HUNTING- TON, of WVest Fittston, in the county of Luzerne and State of Pennsylvania, have invented new and useful Improvements in Grates for Furnaces, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description.

The objects of my invention are to'econo- Inize time and labor in the cleaning of furnace fires, to equalize the airsupply or draft to the fire, to prevent the speedy burning out of the grate-bars or their frame, and prevent also the formation of clinker on the furnace-walls, to secure a level settling of the fire as the gratebars are rotated to clean the fire.

The invention consists in special constructions of the roller grate-bars of the furnace to provide a free air-circulation through them to every part of the fire, also in special constructions of the grate-bar frame with hollow teeth alternating with the teeth of the grate-bars, all as hereinafter fully described and claimed.

Reference is to be had to the accompanying drawings, forming part of this specification, in which similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts in all the figures. Figure 1 is a plan view of my improved grate and furnace, showing one of the roller grate-bars in horizontal section and another bar partly broken away at the back end, and also showing the furnace-walls in section on the line 00 w a; m, Fig. 2. Fig. 2 is a front vertical sectional elevation, partly broken away. Fig; 3 is a cross-sectional elevation through one of the roller grate-bars, taken on the line y y, Fig. 1. Fig. 4 is a cross-sectional elevation taken on the line z 2, Fig. 1. Fig. 5 is an inside end view of the back end plate or head of one of the roller grate-bars. Fig. 6 is an edge view of the end plate. Fig. 7 is a face view of one of the brace-rings of the roller grate-bars, and Fig. 8 is an edge view of the ring. Fig. 9 is a perspective view of one of the grate-bars; and Fig. 10 is a plan, partly in section, of the furnacewall, the air-passage, and the side plates having the hollow perforated teeth.

My improved grate and furnace is adapted for use in locomotives, open fire-places, heating or cooking stoves, and in other situations, and in sizes suitable to the manner of use.

The drawings represent a grate and furnace as adapted for use under a small steam generator or boiler, four roller grate-bars being employed 5 and where steam-boilers are set in pairs or nests the several series of bars beneath the boilers will be separated by longitudinally-ranging partitions having teeth alternating with the teeth of the adjacent roller grate-bars.

As the roller grate-bars are duplicates of each other, a description of one bar will answer for all of them, as follows:

The complete grate-bar consists, mainly, of a number of separate bars, A, provided with exterior projections, teeth, or lugs,B, preferably cast with the bar and at uniform distances apart, and at like distances from the ends of all the bars A of each grate-bar, so that when the bars A are assembled to form a grate-bar the teeth B will stand diametrically opposite each other around the grate-bar or in the same plane crosswise of the bar for each series of teeth around the bar. (See Fig. 1.)

The sides of the bars A taper inward and rest in the recesses 0 between the lugs c of the spiders or rings 0, which rings are placed within the grate-bar, so that the lugs c serve to space the bars A apart, as at D, for a distance corresponding to the width of the lugs, to form air-spaces between the bars, which thus are arranged parallel with each other and in a general cylindrical or roller form, to constitute a grate-bar adapted to be turned or rocked to agitate and clear the fire by the action of the teeth B of the bars A, as hereinafter more fully described. As many of the interior bar spacing and bracing rings, 0, may be used for each gratebar as may be necessary to give the proper stiffness and strength to the united bars A. The drawings show two rings 0 for each grate-bar, and any desired number of bars A may be employed for each grate-bar, depending on the required diameter of the complete roller bar, six bars A being the preferred number for a grate-bar five inches in diameter at the bases of the opposite teeth, B.

To bind the several bars A of each gratebar together and upon the interior rings, 0, as above described, I employ opposite end plates or heads, E F, which have dovetail-shaped recesses e in their peripheries, into which recesses the dovetailed ends a of the bars A are placed, and a cap-plate, G, then is placed over the ends of the bars A and the edges of heads E F to hold the bars A snugly to the heads, said cap-plates being held to the ends of the tongues or lugs f of the heads by screws 9, passed through the heads into the lugs or in any other approved way.

On the back or rear head-plate, E, of the grate-bar I form the gudgeon or journal H, which passes through the rear cap-plate, G, and enters the rear plate, I, of the gratesupporting frame, which may be vheld above the ash-pit J by standards or brackets in any preferred way.

The gudgeon or journal K is screwed into or otherwise secured to the plate F after passing through the front bar, I, of the grateframe and the front cap-plate, G, said journal having its bearing in the front wall, L, of the furnace.

The journal K is made hollow to allow the passage of air to the interior of the grate-bar, whence said air escapes from the surface of the bar to the fuel to accelerate combustion through the openings D between the bars A, through the slots or openings M, ranging lengthwise of the bars A between the teeth B of the bars, and also through the openings'N, passing from the interior of the bars A into the interior spaces, b, of the hollow teeth B, and thence through the openings 0 O]? P, made through diametrically-opposite sides or faces of each tooth, and openings R, made through the ends of the teeth.

It will be seen that the arrangement of the air-passages through and between the bars A insures a very free air-circulation through the grate-bars, and also that the hollow construction of the teeth 13, in connection with the air-passages through the side and end walls bearings from time to time.

The circumferential rows of teeth B of the adjacent roller grate-bars alternate with each other and pass by each other at their points or ends, and the grate-bars will be set at such distances from each other and the teeth will be of such length that an irregular or sinuous opening will be formed between the gratebars. (See Fig. 1.)

I prefer to taper the front and rear faces of the teeth B, to make the ends of the teeth narrower for better grinding effect in disintegrating the ash or clinker of the fire as the gratebars are rotated continuously in the one direction or alternately in reverse directions by any suitable mechanism.

On the sides I of the grate-frame next the side roller grate-bars of the series I fix the plates A, having teeth B, in positions to alternatewith the adj acent roller grate-bar teeth, and I provide said teeth B with openings 0 P R, like those in the teeth B of the bars A, for insuring an air circulation to prevent burning them out.

I prefer to give rotary motion to the gratebars simultaneously, and to do this by means of a series of gear-wheels, T, fixed one to each journal Kand intermeshing with each other,

so that by turning a lever or crank handle,

U, fixed to one of the journals K or wheels T, all the bars will be worked together.

By turning the crank U continuously in either direction the grate-bars will be continuously rotated, as preferred, for clearing heavy fires, and by a partial reverse rotation of the crank the grate-bars will be partially rotated or turned back and forth, which method may be preferred for clearing light fires.

. It is evident that a grate constructed of I roller bars arranged substantially as above described will equalize the draft and admit of the quick disposal of the ashes and of the clinker formations by grinding the latter fine by the grate'bar teeth, so as to pass out with the ashes and without great disturbance of the fire or waste of fuel, and dispensing entirely with the hard labor of using the poker or scraper in cleaning the fire.

In roller-grates set in furnaces having solid brick walls around the fire the proper action of the grates is much obstructed by the formation of clinker on the walls, which prevents the even or level settling -of the fire as it is cleared by the action of the grates. I propose to avoid this difiiculty by making.the grateframe at I I of metal, and by providing a space or chamber,V, in the side walls, 1) v, and end wall, 0, of the furnace and behind the grateframe, into which chamber air enters through an opening,W, made at the front of the furnace at one side, and passes around through the chamber to escape from an opening, X, at the other side of the furnace-front, as shown. The current of air induced in the chamberVby'the heat of the fire prevents overheating of the grate-frame and the formation of clinker thereon, so that the fire will settle down level over its entire area as it is cleared by the rotary action of the grate-bars, as above described.

It may be possible and desirable to utilize the hot-air currents issuing from the opening X for heating purposes or for other useful work.

Having thus described my invention, what Iclaim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. A grate-bar constructed of separate perforated bars A, having hollow perforated teeth IIO B, and spaced and braced apart by the rings for binding the bars A together at the ends, substantially as shown and described.

2. A grate-bar constructed of separate bars A, having hollow teeth B, and spaced apart by the rings or spiders (J, said bars A B having means for binding them together at the ends, and having openings M N O P R, substantially as shown and described.

3. A grate-bar constructed of separate bars A, having hollow teeth B, and spaced apart by the rings or spiders 0, said bars A B hav-, ing openings M N O P R, and being bound together at the ends by the dovetailed headplates E F, having journals or gudgeons, and secured by caps G G, to form a hollow roller grate -bar, substantially as shown and described.

4. A grate-bar constructed of separate bars adjacent toothed roller grate-bars, substano tially as shown and described.

SILAS HYDE HUNTINGTON.

Witnesses:

S. P. FENN, F. H. KYTE.

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