US3260448A - Calculating machine h. j. chall - Google Patents

Description

July 12, 1966 H. J. CHALL CALCULATING MACHINE 5 Sheets-Sheet l Criginal Filed Sept. 18, 1961 July 12, 1966 H. J. CHALL CALCULATING MACHINE Original Filed Sept. 18

5 Sheets-Sheet 2 Ma Nmm 5 Sheets-Sheet 5 H. J. CHALL CALCULATING MACHINE July 12, 1966 5 Sheets-Sheet 4 Original Filed Sept. 18, 1961 mam Original Filed Sept. 18, 1961 5 Sheets-Sheet 5 United States Patent 3,260,448 CALCULATING MACHINE Harold J. Chall, Castro Valley, Calif., assignor, by mesne assignments, to Friden, Inc., a corporation of Delaware Original application Sept. 18, 1961, Ser. No. 138,645, now

Patent No. 3,145,923, dated Aug. 25, 1964. Divided and this application Mar. 27, 1964, Ser. No. 355,300

2 Claims. (Cl. 23560.18)

This application is a division of my prior, copending application Serial No. 138,645, filed September 18, 1961, now Patent No. 3,145,923,issued August 25, 1964.

The present invention relates to printing calculating machines, and more particularly to the control for the printing of symbols which indicate the kinds of operations performed.

Objects of the present invention include the provision of a calculating machine having a simple control for the symbols that identify specific operations, that has a simple control for printing the correct symbols for multiplication operations, that has an improved control for suppressing unwanted printing of certain details of the multiplication, and the provision of an improved automatic printing calculator.

These and other objects and advantages of the present invention will be apparent from the following description and the specific embodiment thereof, and from the claims, taken in connection with the accompanying drawings in which:

FIG. 1 is an external, perspective view of a machine, complete with case, embodying my present invention, taken from the upper right front.

- FIG. 2 is a right elevation longitudinal section of the machine of FIG. 1.

FIG. 3 is a right elevational partial section for showing the mechanism for blocking the symbol print wheel for the right side controls, and taken along a line slightly to the left of that for FIG. 2. 7

FIG. 4 is a right elevational section taken along a line to the left of those for FIGS. 2 and 3.

FIG. 5 is a left elevational longitudinal section of the machine of FIG. 2.

FIG. 6 is a left elevational partial section showing parts of the left side symbol control, taken along a line to the left of that for FIG. 5.

FIG. 7 is a left elevational section taken along a line to the left of that of FIG. 6.

General operation The calculator of the present invention is described more completely in the parent application, Ser. No. 138,645, of which this is a division, and in US. Patent No. 3,108,745. The machine is of the ten-key, reciproeating actuator type, and in its general features is constructed in accordance with US. Patent No. 2,832,530, and is similar to the well-known Friden adding machine.

A number may be entered in a movable selector unit by means of selection keys 9 (FIG. 1), which include the nine numeral keys 10 and the 0 key 11, and the number so entered appears in a check window 12 on the check dials 197 of the selector segments 196 (FIG. 2). Depression of an addition key 14 or a subtraction key 16 then initiates an operation that transfers the number to the actuator and also to the accumulator, and prints it, the operation clearing the number from the selector unit. Depression of a repeat (R) key 20 causes a number in the selector to be entered additively in the accumulator selves, cause an operation of the machine.

"ice

Without clearing it from the selector. Simultaneous depression of the repeat key 20 and subtract key 16 similarly enters the number subtractively into the accumulator without clearing it from the selector. A print-only (N) key 22 causes the number in the selector to be printed and cleared. A clear keyboard (CKB) key 24 causes the number in the selector to be simply cleared therefrom by returning the selector unit to its home position. A backspace key 26 causes the movable selector carriage to move one space to the right and clear out the digit last entered. A depression of a total (T) key 30 causes the number in the accumulator to be transferred to the actuator and to be printed, leaving the accumulator clear. Depression of a subtotal (S) key 32 similarly transfers the value from the accumulator to the actuator for printing, but in addition returns it to the accumulator.

With a number in the selector unit, and showing in the check window 12, depression of a multiplier-entry (X) key 36 transfers the number from the selector to the actuator, and also to a multiplier storage, or memory, unit 970 (FIG. 4) and prints the number, leaving the selector clear. A mul-tiplicand may then be entered in the selector by means of selection keys 9. Then depression of a multiplication key 38 causes the multiplicand to be printed once, the multiplication to be performed automatically, the product to be accumulated additively in the accumulator and the number in the accumulator to be printed out in a total operation. Alternatively the multiplication opera-tion may be initiated by the depression of an accumulative multiplication (:S) key 42, which causes a similar multiplication operation but ends with a subtotal operation, thereby leaving the accumulated product in the accumulator. Depression of a negative multiplication key 40 causes an operation similar to that of multiplication key 38, but enters the product negatively in the accumulator. A depression of a product transfer (T to X) key 44 produces the same operation as the multiplication key 38, with the addition that the final value in the accumulator is transferred to the multiplier storage, or memory, unit. Any combination of the keys 38, 40, 42 and 44 may be depressed simultaneously.

With a number in the selector, a squaring entry (X key 46 may be depressed to cause the number in the selector to be entered in the multiplier storage unit and also retained in the selector. Then any of the keys 38, 40, 42 or 44 may be depressed to cause an automatic multiplication for producing the square of the number.

A memory input (MI) key 48 and a memory output (MO) key 50 are preparatory keys and do not, by them- The memory input key 48 may be depressed previously to, or simultaneously with, keys 14, 16, 20, 22, 30 or 32 to cause the number that is printed to also be entered in the multiplier storage, or memory, unit. The memory output key 50 may similarly be used with the print-only key 22 for printing out the number standing in the multiplier storage unit. The memory output key 50 may also be used with either the addition key 14 or subtraction key 16 for printing the number in the multiplier storage unit and entering it additively or subtractively, respectively, into the accumulator. No memory output operation leaves the multiplier storage unit clear. The number is transferred from the multiplier storage, or memory, unit to the actuator for printing, and then is returned to the multiplier storage preparation for the entry of a new number.

Actuator The actuator includes seventeen actuator sectors 340 (FIG. 4) separately rotatable on a transverse actuator shaft 342. These sectors are similar in construction to those of the machine described in U.S. Patent No. 2,832,530, already referred to. A separate sector 340 is provided for each numerical order of the machine. These sectors are oscillated about the shaft 342 during each operating cycle of the machine by an actuator bail rod 344, which lies in slots 341 in the sectors.

Bail rod 344 is driven by actuator cams on the main drive shaft 90. A lead cam 348 and a trail cam 349 (FIG. 2) engage two rollers 350 and 352, respectively, carried by a yoke 354 which is fixed to the right end of atransverse shaft 356. This yoke includes gear segment 358 (FIG. 2), which meshes with a segment 360 fixed on the actuator shaft 342. A bail arm 362, fixed to the shaft 342, carries the right end of the bail rod 344, and a similar bail arm 364 (FIG. 5), also fixed to the actuator shaft 342, supports the left end of the bail rod 344. Also located on the left side of the machine (FIG. 5) is a second gear segment 376, similar to segment 360 and similarly fixed to the shaft 342. Gear segment 376 meshes a gear segment 374 which is part of a lever 372 journalled on shaft 356. Lever 372 carries a pin 373 which lies under a rearward extending arm 371 of a lever 377 which carries a roller 379 riding a cam 370. During the first half of each operating cycle of the machine, the actuator cam 348 (FIG. 2) and the cam 370, through lever 377 and pin 373 (FIG. 5), drive the actuator bail 344 down (counter-clockwise in FIG. 4). During this motion, the bail 344 drives against a hook-shaped, spring-loaded member 345 on each actuator sector 340 for driving the sector as far (counter-clockwise in FIG. 4) as it is free to rotate. As is well known, the limit on the rotation of each actuator sector is imposed by the element, such as a selector sector 196, from which a digit is being transferred to the actuator sector. During the second half of each operating cycle of the machine, the bail 344 is returned to its home position, shown in FIG. 21, for returning all of the actuator sectors 340 to their uppermost, or home, positions.

Multiplier storage, or memory, unit The multiplier storage, or memory, unit includes seventeen identical diiferentially-settable storage sectors 970 (FIG. 4) mounted for free rotation on a common shaft 972 supported in the frame of the machine. In FIG. 4, these sectors are shown in their 0 position. Numbers are transferred to these sectors from the actuator sectors 340 by means of actuator pawls 974 pinned at 975 to the actuator sectors. Each pawl has a pair of gear teeth 976 arranged to be lifted into engagement with gear teeth 977 in the lower edge of its storage sector 970.

As shown in FIG. 4, each sector 970 of the memory or multiplier storage unit is provided with a detent 1055 journalled on a pin 1056 and rocked by a spring 1057 (counter-clockwise in FIG. 4) for urging the corner of an ear 1058 at its forward end into engagement with the notched edge 1059 of an arcuate slot in the storage sector 970. Thus the ear 1058, by resting in a notch of the edge 1059, tends to hold the sector 970 in any digit position in which it is set. When the sector 970 is rotated by the pawl 974, as for example, in the entry and readout of numbers, the detent 1055 is simply rocked by the inclined edges of the notches. Further details of the construction and operation of the memory unit are disclosed in the parent application, Ser. No. 138,645, and in the patent, No. 3,108,745, previously referred to.

Printing The printing mechanism of the present machine is of a well-known type, similar to that shown in Patent No. 2,779,267. A number print wheel 1610 (FIG. 4) is prorod 1617 is carried by a pair of bail arms 1616 and 1618 (FIGS. 2 and 5). The arms are pinned :to shaft 1612, and a spring 1615 (FIG. 5) attached to arm 1618 biases these arms and the bail 1617 down. Arm 1618 carries a roller 1619 overlying an arm 1620 of a bellcrank 1621 (FIG. 7) having a roller 1622 riding a print control cam 1623. When the roller 1622 is on the high part of cam 1623, bellcrank 1621 supports the arm'1618 which, in turn,

supports the bail rod 1617 for holding all the print wheels 1610 out of print position. A single deep narrow notch with an abrupt drop-off in the cam 1623 lets the print wheels be driven, under force of their springs 1613, for printing at mid-cycle.

A lever arm 1657 (FIG. 7) fastened to a shaft 1655 is part of the ribbon control. During nonprinting machine cycles, and particularly all cycles except the first of a multiplication operation, it remains in its home position shown in FIG. 7. During printing cycles it rotates counterclockwise for unblocking the printing bail 1617. This action is more completely described in the parent application, Ser. No. 138,645, and in the patent, No. 3,108,745, previously referred to.

Symbols for operations by the right side control keys The right side control keys are the addition, subtraction, repeat, print-only, total and subtotal keys 14, 16, 20, 22, 30 and 32 (FIG. 1). The symbols for the operations or functions, controlled by these keys are provided on a separate print wheel 1698 (FIG. 3) and controlled by a separate actuator sector in a Well-known manner. A bail arm 1700 (FIG. 2) is provided with a series of steps 1701 for stopping the symbol actuator sector at various positions as described in the parent application, Ser. No. 138,645, and in the patent, No. 3,108,745, previously referred to.

Symbols for operations by the left side control keys At the extreme right of the print wheel cluster there is the print wheel 1738 (FIG. 2) for the operation-symbols for the left side control keys. It is the only print wheel for which no actuator sector is included in the main actuator. The drive gear 1739 for this print wheel is fixed to a gear sector 1740 which, in turn, is driven by a sector 1741 on the shaft 1742. This shaft extends through to the left side of the machine where it carries a gear sector 1743 (FIG. 5) in mesh with gear teeth on an arcuate lever 1744 which rocks free on the shaft 356. The pin 1745 on the forward extension of the actuator gear sector 372 overlies one arm of the lever 1744 for rocking it (clockwise in this view) to its home position shown, as the actuator gear sector 372 rocks to its home position. The pin 1745 moves up during the first part of each machine cycle for freeing the lever 1744 for rotation (clockwise in FIG. 5) for setting the symbol print wheel 1738 (FIG. 2). A stop lever 1746 (FIG. 6) has an ear 1747 that is arranged to be positioned over various steps 1751, 1753 and 1754 on the lever 1744 for limiting the motion of lever 1744 and thereby determining which symbol will be printed. A spring 1749 connected between the levers 1744 and 1746 (FIGS. 5 and 6) urges both of them counter-clockwise in these figures. Thus during the second half of each machine cycle, as the actuator drive lever 372 returns to its home position, the pin 1745 drives the symbol setting lever 1744 clockwise to its home position, as shown in FIG. 5, where it is held by the stop lever 1746 (FIG. 6). In this position the lever 1744 sets the symbol Wheel 1738 (FIG. 2) for printing an X to indicate the number in the multiplier storage,

or memory, unit.

Stop lever 1746 (FIG. 6) carries a pin -1750 which lies in front of the upright arm of lever 1408 shown in FIG. 7 which is rocked when the multiplication operation is initiated in response to the depression of the multiplication key 38 as described in the parent application, Ser. No. 138,645, and the patent, No. 3,108,745, previously referred to. During the multiplication operation, the lever 1408, through pin 1750, holds the stop lever 1746 forward to put ear 1747 (FIG. 6) in alignment with the step 1753 With the stop lever 1746 in this position, the lever 1744 swings clockwise during each machine cycle for setting the symbol print wheel 1738 for printing an equals sign. However, as will be explained, this is printed only during the first multiplication cycle.

As is described in the parent application, Ser. No. 138,645, and in the patent, No. 3,108,745, the stop lever 1746 (FIG. 6) is part of a bail 1756 which, upon the depression of the negative equals key 40, rocks the lever 1746 forward (right in FIG. 6) to put the ear 1747 in alignment with the step 1754. With stop lever 1746 in this position, the lever 1744 swings to the position for setting the symbol wheel 1738 (FIG. 2) to print a negative equals symbol for indicating that the product is entered into the accumulator subtractively. As will be described, this symbol is printed only during the first multiplication cycle.

Symbol suppression A zero-foil mechanism is partly shown at 1640 in FIG. 4. This is similar to the well-known mechanism shown, for example, in U.S. Patent No. 2,779,267. This mechanism is controlled by a lever 1641 (FIG. 5), journalled at 1642, and engaged by a pin 1643 on a lever 1644 journalled at 356, and controlled by a zero-foil cam 1646.

A mechanism similar to the zero-foil mechanism is provided for blocking the print wheel 1698 (FIG. 3) for the right side keys during printing of the multiplication symbols and Fixed to the drive gear 1739 and gear sector 1740 for the left side symbols is a cam 1765 for controlling a latch lever 1766 journalled at 1767. A spring 1768 biases the latch lever 1766 (clockwise in FIG. 3) for urging the end 1769 of a curved rear arm against the cam. Whenever the gears 1739, 1740 are set for printing either an equals or a negative equals symbol, a notch 1770 in the cam 1765 is aligned the curved lever end 1769. An ear 1771 on an upper arm of latch lever 1766 is arranged to engage a shoulder 1772 on the print-wheel carrier 1611 of the right side symbol print wheel 1698 (which lies to the left of the left side symbol print wheel 1738). Latch lever 1766 is similar to a zero-foil latch, and is similarly controlled by a zero-foil bail 1773. In operation, just before the print bail 1617 is lowered to release lal the print wheels for printing, zero-foil bail 1773 is moved (by cam 1646, FIG. 7) from the solid line position in FIG. 3 to the dotted line position 1773a for freeing the latch lever 1766 (and all the zero-foil latches). If the notch 1770 of cam 1765 is aligned with the curved rear end 1769 of latch lever 1766, that lever will rock, under force of its spring 1768, to position car 1771 over the shoulder 1772 of the print-wheel carrier 1611 of the right side symbol wheel 1698 and prevent it from printing. If drive gear 1739 is set for causing the left side symbol wheel to print an X for the memory, cam 1765 will hold ear 1771 clear of shoulder 1772 so that wheel 1698 will print.

The print wheel 1738 (FIG. 2), which is at the extreme right of the print-wheel cluster and prints the symbols for the left side control keys, is also arranged to be blocked. Its print-wheel carrier 1779, similar to carriers 1611 for the number print wheels, carries a pin 1780 which lies in a slot 1781 in a bellcrank 1782 which is journalled at 1783. The bellcrank 1782 includes an ear 1784 which is arranged to abut a pin 1785 on an 6 arm 1786 on a shaft 1800. Pin 1780 and slot 1781 connect the bellcrank 1782 to the carrier 1779 of the print wheel 1738 so that they rock together. Pin 1785 normally blocks bellcrank 1782 to prevent wheel 1738 from printing, but as is explained in the parent application, Ser. No. 138,645, and in the patent, No. 3,108,745, during multiplication and during memory input and output operations, this pin 1785 is swung clear of car 1784 to permit such printing.

Symbol operation An operation initiated by the multiplier entry (X) key 36, or .by the squaring entry (X key 46, prints two symbols N X. An operation in which the memory input (MI) key 48 is used prints an X along with the symbol of the right side operation, for example, T X. The memory output (MO) key 50 similarly causes an X to be printed along with a right side symbol. It will be recalled that the memory output (M0) key 50 causes the number in the memory unit to the transferred to the actuator, printed, and returned to the memory unit. Thus, the symbol X indicates that the number so printed is in the memory unit. If the MO key 50 is used with one of the keys 14, 16 or 20, it will print the appropriate right side symbol too, for example, X. It will be recalled further that the MO key 50 disables the total and subtotal operations. Thus the use of the MO key 50 with any of keys 22, 30 or 32, results in printing the number from the memory and returning it without entering it in the accumulator. Accordingly, that operation prints the symbols N X.

As explained under PRINTING and SYMBOL SUPPRESSION, during the first cycle of a multiplication operation, the multiplier is printed with a multiplication symbol or and none other, and during the rest of the multiplication operation, printing is blocked by lever arm 1659 (FIG. 7).

At the end of a multiplication operation initiated by the equals key 38, or the negative equals key 40, the total is printed out with a symbol T or T. After an accumulative equals operation (key 42), a subtotal is printed with a symbol S or S. After an operation initiated by the product transfer (T to X) key 44, the total is printed out with two symbols, for example, 6T X.!,

Thus the record of a sequence of operations may be Enter multiplier (key 46) 1 2 3 N X Depress mult. key 38 1 2 3 Product printed automatically -1 l 5 1 2 9 T p The invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics thereof. The present embodiment is, therefore, to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are, therefore, intended to be embraced therein.

I claim:

1. In a symbol printing mechanism for an automatic calculating machine, in combination, two operation-symbols print wheels, a print-wheel carrier for each of said wheels for carrying it in a printing stroke, means for rotating said print wheels for printing particular operationsymbols, a latch for preventing printing movement of one of said print wheels, and means settable solely according to the setting of the other of said symbol print wheels for controlling said latch to prevent printing by said first wheel simultaneously with the printing of certain predetermined operation-symbols by the said other wheel, and to permit printing by said first Wheel simultaneously with the printing of other operation-symbols by said other wheel.

2. In a symbol printing mechanism for an automatic calculating machine, in combination, two operation-symbol print wheels, a print-wheel carrier for each of said wheels for carrying it in a printing stroke, a drive gear for each print wheel for setting it, a latch for preventing printing movement of one of said print wheels, and a cam controlled by a drive gear of the other of said symbol print wheels, said latch being controlled solely by said cam to prevent printing by said first whee-1 simultaneously with the printing of certain predetermined operation-symbols by said other wheel, and to permit printing by said first wheel simultaneously with the printing of other operation-symbo1s by said other wheel.

References Cited by the Examiner UNITED STATES PATENTS 1,895,848 1/1933 Gubelrnann 235-60.12 5 2,647,688 8/1953 Christian et a1 235.60.18 2,678,161 5/1954 Fleming 23560.23 3,001,697 9/1961 Christofif 23560.18

LOUIS J. CAPOZI, Primary Examiner.

10 STEPHEN J. TOMSKY, Examiner.

Claims (1)

1. IN A SYMBOL PRINTING MECHANISM FOR AN AUTOMATIC CALCULATING MACHINE, IN COMBINATION, TWO OPERATION-SYMBOLS PRINT WHEELS, A PRINT-WHEEL CARRIER FOR EACH OF SAID WHEELS FOR CARRYING IT IN A PRINTING STROKE, MEANS FOR ROTATING SAID PRINT WHEELS FOR PRINTING PARTICULAR OPERATIONSYMBOLS, A LATCH FOR PREVENTING PRINTING MOVEMENT OF ONE OF SAID PRINT WHEELS, AND MEANS SETTABLE SOLELY ACCORDING TO THE SETTING OF THE OTHER OF SAID SYMBOL PRINT

Images