US3258210A

US3258210A - Material comminutors

Info

Publication number: US3258210A
Authority: US
Inventors: Martin H Panning
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1965-09-07
Filing date: 1965-09-07
Publication date: 1966-06-28
Anticipated expiration: 1983-06-28

Description

June 28, 1966 M. H. PANNING 3,258,210

MATERIAL COMMINUTORS Filed Sept. 7, 1965 5 Sheets-Sheet 1 0 II I, 0 X7,

m M lllw" O INVENTOR.

June 28, 1966 M. H. PANNING MATERIAL COMMINUTORS 5 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed Sept. 7, 1965 INVENTOR. #029! of 72/11/07,.-

June 28, 1966 M. H. PANNING MATERIAL COMMINUTORS 5 Sheets-Sheet 5 Filed Sept. 7, 1965 av mm m a m? w# M H M June 28, 1966 M. H. PANNING 3,258,210

MATERIAL COMMINUTORS Filed Sept. 7, 1965 5 Sheets-Sheet 4 l a; l "M -4.1% mm mm mm mm IM HIM-NU June 28, 19

M. H. PANNING MATERIAL COMMINUTORS 5 Sheets-Sheet 5 United States Patent 3,258,210 MATERIAL COMMINUTORS Martin H. Panning, 304 Sunny Lane, Thiensville, Wis. Filed Sept. 7, 1965, Ser. No. 489,794 27 Claims. (Cl. 24185) The present invention is directed to new and useful improvements in comminuting machines, including machines which will shred or tear material, and machines which more or less grind or pulverize material. Machines of the type disclosed herein have particular usefulness in connection with the comminuting of paper boxes, bailed material, wood pellets, and some metal materials.

This application is a continuation in part of my copending application Serial No. 292,694, filed July 3, 1963.

The major purposes of the present invention are to so form comminuting machines that the comminuting space within the machine can be maintained substantially full of material to be comminuted, while at the same time forming such machines as to avoid overloading the drive or the comminuting elements of the machine, and avoiding any kicking action which would tend to throw material back out of the feed opening of the machine, the system being so arranged that upon jamming of material between the comminuting elements, the comminuting elements of the machine tend, automatically, to dislodge such jammed material without causing undue loads on the drive mechanism of the machine, the entire assembly being so formed as to enable use of relatively simple drive mechanism for the comminuting elements and relatively simple and inexpensive ripping, tearing or com minuting elements for the machine.

A related purpose of the invention is to so arrange a comminuting machine that shredding elements used in the machine may be operated in reverse directions with respect to one another, thereby adding life to the shredding elements.

Another related purpose of the invention is to create new and useful improvements in arrangements of comminuting teeth for a comminuting machine.

These and other purposes of the invention will become more apparent in the course of the ensuing specification and claims, when taken with the accompanying drawings, in which:

FIGURE 1 is an end view of a typical comminuting machine embodying the principles of the present invention and particularly illustrating the inlet end of the comminuting machine;

FIGURE 2 is a plan view of the machine illustrated in FIGURE 1;

FIGURE 3 is a side view of a comminuting machine of the type illustrated in FIGURES 1 and 2, but arranged at an inclination to the horizontal;

FIGURE 4 is a sectional view of the comminuting machine illustrated in FIGURE 1 and taken on the section lines 44 of FIGURE 1; and

FIGURE 5 is an end view of a portion of the comminuting machine illustrated in FIGURE 1 while illustrating another operative position of the elements shown in FIGURE 1;

FIGURE 6 is a side view, in section, of a further embodiment of the invention;

FIGURE 7 is a sectional illustration of a portion of the modification illustrated in FIGURE 6, and taken along the section lines 77 of FIGURE 6;

FIGURE 8 is a top view of a ripping bar and arm assembly illustrated in FIGURE 6;

. FIGURE 9 is a plan view of one element illustrated in FIGURES 6, 7 and 8;

FIGURE 10 is an end view of the element illustrated in FIGURE 9;

FIGURE 11 is an end view of a certain tooth structure usable with the inner wall of the drum illustrated in FIGURE 6;

FIGURE 12 is a plan view of the element illustrated in FIGURE 11; and

FIGURE 13 is a diagrammatic view, in section, of a modified form of machine using certain principles which may be applied to both of the machines in FIGURES 1 through 12, inclusive.

With particular reference to the drawings, wherein like elements are designated by like characters throughout and in the first instance to FIGURE 1, the numeral 10 generally designates an elongated, generally cylindrically formed housing, which housing may be supported by a suitable frame means 11. The machine illustrated in FIGURES 1 through 5 is one embodiment of the invention, which is particularly useful in shredding material as through a ripping and tearing action. Frame means 11 may be supported on a floor or the like and may be so arranged as to support housing 10 with its axis generally horizontal as in FIGURES 1, 4 and 5 or at an angle to the horizontal as in FIGURE 3. An end plate 12 is bolted to one end of the housing 10 and has a relatively large opening 13 formed therein, which opening 13 provides an inlet opening to the interior of the housing and to certain shredding elements which will be described hereinafter. A drive means for the machine is carried by the frame means 11 and as seen in the drawings may consist of an electric motor 14 which drives a gear reducer 15, which in turn has an output shaft 16 adapted for an operative connection with the shredding elements.

In accordance with the principles of the invention, a generally cylindrical drum 17 is mounted within housing 10, but with the wall of the drum .in spaced relation to the wall of the housing, as appears best in FIGURE 4. One end of drum 17, as for example, the end adjacent the inlet opening 13 is open, whereas the opposite end of drum 17 is closed by an end wall 18, which is positioned closely adjacent to an end wall 19 for the housing-10. The inlet end of the drum is supported for rotation in housing 10 by means of a bearing wheel which may consist of a plurality of rollers 20 spaced about the circumference of the drum and in bearing engagement therewith and supported by the housing 10 and/ or frame means 11. The enclosed end of the drum is supported on and fixed to a shaft 21, which is supported on the end walli19 of housing 10 and supported for rotation and a bearing 22, which bearing is supported by the frame means 11. Drum 17 is adapted to be rotated about its longitudinal axis, which is coaxial with the axis of the cylindrical portion of the drum and with shaft 21, by means of a roller chain drive as provided by a sprocket 23 driven by shaft 16, a sprocket 24 which is fixed to shaft 21 and a chain in the form of a roller chain, which is diagrammatically indicated at25 in FIGURE 2.

The interior wall of the drum has a plurality of shredding teeth fixed thereto and projecting inwardly with respect thereto. These teeth 26 are arranged in longitudinally spaced rows, as appears best in FIGURE 4 and are so arranged that they define a spiral pattern wound about the longitudinal axis of the drum. These teeth are gen erally triangular in cross section taken longitudinally of the drum and may be generally rectangular in cross sec tion taken transversely of the drum. The points thereof extend radially toward the axis of the drum. v

A ripper bar 27 is mounted for rotation within the drum. Bar 27 is adapted to rotate about the longitudinal axis of the drum and with relation to the drum. This ripper bar is relatively heavy and is supported at one end thereof by means of an arm 28, which is freely supported for rotation on the inwardly projecting end of drive shaft 21. The other end of the ripper bar 27 has a ring 29 fixed thereto, which ring 29 serves as a bearing ring for a cooperable supporting and bearing engagement with the inner wall of the drum at the inlet end thereof. Ring 29 may be so formed as to provide a plurality of peripherally spaced roller bearings for engagement wtih the inner wall of the drum at the inlet end of the drum. Ripper bar 27 has a plurality of longitudinally spaced receses 30 formed along the side or edge thereof closest to the wall of the drum. These recesses are spaced in accordance with the longitudinal spacing of the rows of teeth on the wall of the drum and are shaped to complement the triangular shape of the teeth 26. Ripper bar 27 is so pos1 tioned that during rotation of the drum, one or more teeth spaced longitudinally of the drum are within one or more of the openings 30 in the ripper bar. As the drum rotates, teeth move successively into the openings in the ripper bar. The spacing of the teeth, as shown, is so arranged that a plurality of teeth are within the openings in the ripper bar at any given time, but these teeth are spaced along the length of the drum. Then as the drum rotates, additional and different teeth move into the openings in the ripper bar 27, but at different and longitudinally spaced recesses on the ripper bar.

Ripper bar 27 is formed to provide a relatively heavy mass for purposes which will appear hereinafter. It has a transverse cross-sectional area, as appears in FIGURES 1 and many times the area of a tooth.

The end portion of the drum 17 which is remote from the inlet end is provided with a plurality of spaced openings 31, which openings may be positioned between the teeth on the Wall of the drum. Openings 31 provide egress of small pieces of shredded material through the wall of the drum and to a discharge space or opening 32 which is formed in the housing in the rearward portion thereof. Material passing through the openings may be guided to this opening by passing through the relatively small clearance space between the wall of the housing and the opposed wall of drum 17. This small clearance space tends to insure that only small shredded pieces are discharged, in that elongated pieces of material may have a width such that an end portion thereof may pass out through the openings until contact with the housing wall which tends to keep the remainder of such pieces within the drum for a further shredding action.

With particular reference now to FIGURES 6 through 12, inclusive, a further embodiment of the invention is illustrated.

In FIGURE 6, for example, a housing 40 may take the same general form as the form of the housing 10 in FIG- URES 1 through 5, inclusive. Housing 40 may be supported by suitable frame means 41. A material comminuting drum 42 is supported within the housing for rotation about an axis extending generally longitudinally of the housing and inclined to the horizontal as illustrated in FIGURE 6. Drum 42 has an inlet opening 43 formed in one outer end 44, which is the higher end. This inlet end 44 of the drum may be supported for rotation on hearing means 45 at the inlet end thereof, which bearing means are carried by the housing 40. The other, or lower end of drum 42 may be rotatably supported on a shaft 46 which is positioned coaxially with the axis of rotation of the drum 42. Drum 42 may be rotatably mounted on the shaft 46 by means of suitable sleeve bearings 47.

- Shaft 46 may be rotatably supported in cantilever fashion by a bearing post 48 which is positioned exteriorly of the housing end drum. The bearing post 48 may be carried by the supporting frame 41 for the housing.

Drum 42 has a plurality of generally equally spaced openings formed in the wall thereof, as at 49 in a fashion similar to the openings 31 in FIGURES 1 through 5. Openings 49 are spaced around the circumference of the drum and substantially from end to end of the drum. These openings in drum 42 provide discharge outlets for material comminuted within the drum. Material passing through these discharge openings may pass to the housing,

where they may be removed or stored in accordance with the desired use of the comminuted material.

Drive means for the drum 42 are provided by means of a motor and drive assembly (not shown in FIGURES 6- 12) similar to that illustrated in FIGURES 1 through 5. A sprocket 50 is diagrammatically shown in FIGURE 6, which sprocket 50 is fixed to the bearing sleeve 47 for the drum so that upon rotation of the sprocket 50, the drum will rotate therewith and about the axis of the shaft 46. It should be understood that the illustration of the sprocket 59 is representative of a sprocket drive, gear drive, or other equivalent means for rotating the drum 42.

In order to comminute material within the drum, a ripper bar, or comminuting bar, generally designated at 51, is carried at the inner end of shaft 46 and fixed thereto. The bar 51 may be supported on the inner end of shaft 46 as by means of a sleeve or collar 52 which is keyed to shaft 46 for rotation therewith, as appears in FIGURE '7. The bar 51 may be supported by means of angle members 53 which are affixed to the sleeve 52 .and extended outwardly with respect to shaft 46. These angle members are fixed to a plate 54. Plate 54 has a tooth assembly generally designated at 55, removably connected to the outer surface of plate 54 as by means of bolts or screws 56. The tooth assembly further includes a pair of

elongated plates

57 and 58 which are adapted to extend generally parallel to the axis of shaft 46. These

plates

57 and 58 may be fixed to an upper plate 59 which is bolted to the plate 54. Transverse plates 60 are welded or otherwise fixed to the

plates

57, 58 and 59 An elongated curvilinear plate 61 spans the space between the outer extremities of the

plates

57 and 58 and may be fixed to these plates as well as plate 6% by means of welding or the like. The curvature of plate 61 generally matches the curvature of the drum.

Elongated tooth bars 62 are fixed to the exposed surfaces of

plates

57 and 58 as appears in FIGURE 7. These tooth bars are formed with teeth 63 along the marginal edges thereof at both sides and at both ends thereof as appears in FIGURE 9. These tooth bars 62 have elongated slots 64 at spaced intervals along their length so that securing bolts 65 may be passed through the slots and into apertures in the

plates

57 and 58 so as to hold the tooth bars 62 in the general relation illustrated in FIGURE 7.

These tooth bars are so positioned that they extend radially outwardly beyond the lower plate 61 and the lower edges of the

plates

57 and 58 as appears in FIG- URE 7, while providing a clearance with the inner wall of the drum. This clearance space may be adjusted through adjustment of the tooth bars 62 radially inwardly and outwardly with respect to the axis of the supporting shaft 46 by means of the adjustment slots 64. By having teeth on both marginal side edges of the tooth bars, the tooth bars may be reversed after one side has become worn, thereby presenting a new and sharp set of teeth for the comminuting action.

In order to provide tooth means on the inner surface of the drum for a cooperable comminuting action with the teeth 63 of the ripper arm, a series of removable plates 66 are provided. These plates may be formed of ductile iron or the like and may be cast in the general figuration illustrated in FIGURE 12 with spaced teeth 67 on the inner surface thereof. These plates, as appears in FIGURE 11, are curvilinear in form so as to match the curvature of the inner wall of the drum. These tooth plates 66 may be fixed to the inner wall of the drum 42 as by means of bolts or the like which are passed through apertures 68 in the tooth plates. These tooth plates are so proportioned that when fixed to the inner wall of the drum 42, a slight clearance space still exists between the teeth 63 of the teeth on the arm and the teeth 67 of the drum, as these teeth pass one another.

The exterior end of the ripper arm supporting shaft 46 may carry a sprocket, gear or pulley, as diagrammatically represented at 69. Spring means, or the like may be interconnected with this sprocket or gear so as to bias the arm 55 toward the position illustrated in the drawings.

Suitable conveying or feed means, as is diagrammatically indicated in 33 in FIGURE 1, may be used to supply the material to be comminuted to and through the inlet opening for the drum in either form of the invention. Also suitable means, not shown, may be provided to convey comminuted material passed through the discharge openings 32, or discharge openings 49.

FIGURE 13 illustrates certain principles which may be utilized in either form of machine illustrated in FIG- URES 1 through 12, inclusive. In FIGURE 13 the drum is diagrammatically represented at 7B and a ripper bar is diagrammatically represented at 71. The interior wall of the drum may carry tooth means, diagrammatically represented at 72, and which may be considered representative of either form of drum tooth means illustrated in FIGURES 1 through 12, inclusive. The ripper'bar 71 may have a series of openings to co-operate with the tooth means 72, as in FIGURES 1 through 5, or it may carry co-operating teeth as is illustrated in FIGURES 6 through 12, inclusive.

In FIGURE 13, the end of the drum remote from the inlet end is supported on a stationary supporting shaft 73 as by means of bearings 74 carried by the end wall 75 of the drum and positioned for bearing engagement with the supporting shaft 73. Supporting shaft 73 is supported in cantilever fashion by a bearing post 730. A sprocket 76 is fixed to a bearing housing 77 for the bearings 74. Suitable drive means, as, for example, a motor and chain may be used to drive sprocket 76 and thus rotate the drum about its longitudinal axis generally designated at 78.

In FIGURE 13 the ripper bar is carried by a supporting shaft 79 which is rotatably supported in the fixed shaft 73 as by means of

bearings

80 and 81. The shaft 79 for the ripper bar is passed through a bore in the supporting shaft 73 and is mounted for rotation about an axis eccentric to the axis 78 of the drum. This eccentric axis is designated at 82.

It is preferred to oifset axis 82 toward the lowermost part of the drum. The outer end of shaft 79 may carry a crank 83 with which spring or dashpot facilities may be employed to resist rotation of the ripper bar 71.

By offsetting the axis of rotation of the ripper bar 71, a variable clearance space exists between the ripper bar and the interior wall of the drum. This space is smallest when the ripper bar is in its normal operating position in the lower part of the drum. When material being comminuted is jammed between the ripper bar and the lower part of the drum which causes the ripper bar to rotate with the drum, the clearance space between the ripper bar and the interior wall of the drum progressively increases to a point of maximum clearance at or near the top of the drum. This progressively increasing clearance produced by the otfset positioning of the ripper bar will tend to quickly clear the jammed material between the ripper bar and the drum so that the bar may return to its lower operative position.

In the operation of all forms of the invention, material to be comminuted, such as paper, cardboard, baled boxes, pallets or other material, is supplied through the inlet openings to the drums. As this material is fed into the drum, some preliminary and relatively slight tearing, scoring, or comminuting action, may be imparted by the action of the teeth at the inlet end of the drum. As the drum is rotated by the drive means, material is tumbled within the drum and eventually passes between the ripper bar and the co-operable teeth carried by the drum. Material may pile up along the side of the ripper bar, in which event the lowermost layer of material, even though not passing between the drum and the ripper bar, is comminuted by the continued scouring, abrading or tearing action of the teeth on the same. Material which does pass between the ripper bar and teeth on the drum is comminuted by the co-operative action of the bar and teeth. This comminuting action continues until the material is reduced to pieces of such size that they may pass out through the discharge openings in the wall of the drum and to the discharge space.

The ripper oar, due to its relatively heavy mass, tends to remain in the bottom portion of the drum so that some of the material within the drum constantly passes between the bar and the opposed teeth on the drum. Material passing between the drum and the ripping bar is recirculated around the drum for another eventual pas sage therebetween. The teeth on the drums tend to grip material so as to 'force it into the space between the bar and drum.

In the form of the invention illustrated in FIGURES 1 through 5, the co-operative comminuting action of the teeth on the drum and the tooth-like openings in the ripper bar cause a positive shredding and tearing of material. The teeth 26 of the drum engage or grip the material in contact therewith so as to forceably m-ove such material to openings in the bar 27.

In the form of the invention illustrated in FIGURES 6 through 12, the slight spacing between the ripper bar teeth and the teeth on the drum, creates more of a grinding action for grinding paper and similar products down to a fine mesh size. Some shredding of material does occur in the form of the invention illustrated in FIGURES 6 through 12, but the closely spaced relation of the co-operable drum and bar teeth may grind material down to a fine mesh size before it passes through the discharge openings of the drum.

In some cases, material may be jammed between the ripper bar and the opposed teeth on the drum. In this event, the ripper bar, in both forms of the invention, will tend to rotate with the drum until the weight of the bar, and/or a biasing means for the bar, causes the bar to work itself free. For example, material jamming the bar may cause the bar to move clock-wise upwardly as seen in FIGURE 5, and free itself before it reaches the top of the drum, in which case it may then move counterclockwise in FIGURE 5 to the bot-tom of the drum and shred or comminute the jammed material in the process. On the other hand, if the jamming action is suflicient to carry the ripper bar to the very top of the drum and beyond, the heavy mass of the bar, as it passes the top of the drum will tend to accelerate itself and swing freely and faster than the drum, thus moving out of engagement with the jammed material in which case the ripper bar smashes downwardly into material in the lower portion of the drum. If the ripper arm does not free itself from this jammed material, it still may undergo several or more revolutions with the drum in a more -or less fixed relation, and in the process gradually tear or rip the jammed material sutficiently for the ripper bar to free itself.

In the form of the invention illustrated in FIGURES 1 through 5, the spiral spacing of the teeth within the drum intends to insure that only a few teeth are working on material with the ripper bar at any one time, thus tending to enhance a uniform load on the drive means. In the form of the invention illustrated in FIGURES 6 through 12, inclusive, the spacing of the bars 62 insures that relatively few teeth of the drum are co-operating with few teeth of the ripper arm at the same time. Material passing between the teeth of one bar 62 and the drum enters a larger clearance space between the tooth bars 62, where it may still be worked upon on one side thereof, by the teeth on the drum.

In FIGURES 6 through 12, adjustment of the ripper teeth on the ripper arm in a radial direction with respect to the axis of the shaft 46, allows selectivity of the size to which the material is to be reduced.

In all forms of the invention, replaceable screens may be used with the discharge openings in the wall of the drum. T-hese replaceable screens may be made of different mesh sizes so as to allow selectivity of the size of particles discharged from the drum. These screens may be of large mesh size where large particles are desired, or may be of small mesh sizes where small particles are to be produced by the comminuting action of the machine.

The drum may be operated in either direction of rotation so as to allow a greater life for the ripping teeth and ripping bar.

In either case, the drum may be maintained substantially full of material which is under a constant state of tumbling and agitation. The machine may be operated at relatively slow speeds, for example, 10 to- 50 revolutions per minute.

In order to assure that the resistance of the ripper bar to rotation is at a proper amount, it should be made relatively heavy. In addition, the effective weight of the ripper bar 27 in FIGURES 1 through 5 may be increased by fixing the ripper bar arm 28 to a shaft which is passed through the drive shaft 21 and with a crank arranged exteriorly of the housing. A dash-pot arrangement may be connected to the crank to add resistance to rotational movement of the ripper bar. Springs can also be connected to the crank for this purpose. Also, air check or hydraulic check devices may be connected to such a crank to augment the natural resistance of the ripper bar to rotation.

The same result can be achieved in FIGURES 6 through 12, inclusive, by connecting springs, air checks, or dash-pot devices to the gear or sprocket 69 which is afiixed to the ripper bar supporting shaft 46, as illustrated in FIGURE 6.

Such added resistance is especially desirable when the machine is used for comrninuting relatively heavy material.

The eccentric mounting of the ripper bar, as illustrated in FIGURE 13, may be employed with either form of the invention illustrated in FIGURES 1 through 12, inclusive, so as to provide a progressively increasing clearance space as the ripper bar rotates with jammed material in the drum to thereby free the material from the ripper bar and allow the ripper bar to return to its position in the lowermost part of the drum.

Whereas I have shown an operative form of the invention, it should be understood that this showing and description thereof should be taken in an illustrative or diagrammatic sense only. There are many modifications in and to the invention which will fall within the sco e and spirit thereof and which will be apparent to those skilled in the art. The scope of the invention should be limited only by the scope of the hereinafter appended claims.

I claim:

1. A material shredder for corrugated board, cardboard and the like including a drum mounted on a support for rotation and means for rotating the drum, said drum having an inlet opening in one end portion thereof and outlet means in the other end portion thereof, said drum having a plurality of spaced ripping teeth fixed to the interior wall thereof, and a ripping bar supported within said dru-m at a fixed, spaced relation to said interior wall, said bar having one edge positioned adjacent the interior wall of said drum, said one edge having spaced openings therein corresponding to the spacing of said teeth, said ripper bar being mounted to allow relative rotation of said drum with respect to said bar to thereby cause a forced feeding of material between said teeth and said bar and a shredding of the same.

2. The structure of claim 1 wherein said drum is mounted for rotation about an axis inclined to a horizontal plane.

3. The structure of claim 1 wherein said teeth are arranged in a spiral pattern in the interior of the drum so as to cause successive passage of said teeth into said spaced openings during rotation of said drum relative to said bar.

4. The structure of claim 1 wherein said outlet means is S defined by a plurality of openings in the wall of said drum.

5. The structure of claim 1, characterized by and including a housing surrounding said drum, said housing having a discharge opening positioned to receive shredded material from said outlet means.

6. A material shredder for corrugated board, cardboard and the like including a housing and a drum rotatably mounted within said housing, one end of said drum being closed and the other end being open, a drive shaft fixed to the closed end of said drum, supporting bearing means for said drive shaft, means for rotating said drive shaft to thereby rotate said drum about its longitudinal axis, outlet means in said drum, bearing means surrounding the open end of said drum and supported by said housing so as to support said open end, said drum having a ripping tooth fixed to the interior wall thereof, and a ripping bar supported within said drum, said bar having one side positioned adjacent the interior wall of said drum, said one side having an opening therein positioned to allow passage of said tooth therethrough during rotation of said drum, said ripper bar being mounted for rotation about said axis and to allow relative rotation of said drum with respect to said bar to thereby cause a forced feeding of material between said tooth and said bar and a shredding of the same.

7. The structure of claim 6 wherein said drive shaft projects into the interior of said drum and said ripper bar is rotatably supported on said drive shaft.

8. The structure of claim 6 wherein one end of said ripper bar is supported by a bearing ring in supporting and bearing engagement with the wall of said drum.

9. The structure of claim 6 wherein said drum has a plurality of longitudinally and peripherally spaced teeth, said ripper bar side has a plurality of spaced openings positioned to allow passage of said teeth therethrough, and said teeth are arranged in a spiral pattern in the interior of the drum so as to cause successive passage of said teeth into said spaced openings during rotation of said drum relative to said bar.

10. The structure of claim 6 wherein said outlet means is defined by a plurality of openings in the wall of said drum at a position remote from said inlet end.

11. A material shredder for corrugated board, cardboard and the like including a drum mounted on a support for rotation and means for rotating the drum about the longitudinal axis of said drum, said drum having an inlet opening in one end portion thereof and outlet means spaced from said inlet opening, said drum having a ripping tooth fixed to the interior wall thereof, and a ripping bar supported within said drum, said bar having one side positioned closely adjacent the interior wall of said drum, said one side having an opening therein positioned to allow passage of said tooth therethrough during rotation of said drum, said ripper bar being mounted for rotation about said axis while said side is held in a fixed, spaced relation to said interior wall and to allow relative rotation of said drum with respect to said bar to thereby cause -a forced feeding of material between said tooth and said bar and a shredding of the same.

12. The structure of claim 10 wherein a housing surrounds the peripheral wall of said drum and said outlet means is defined by a plurality of spaced openings of smaller size than said inlet opening, said housing has a discharge opening in the lower portion thereof and a wall portion overlying said spaced openings but spaced a small distance therefrom so that material passing through said openings will pass between said drum and said wall portion to said discharge opening.

13. A material comminutor including a drum mounted on a support for rotation and means for rotating the drum about the longitudinal axis thereof said drum having an inlet and outlet means therefor, said drum having ripping tooth means fixed to the interior wall thereof, a ripping bar supported within said drum, said bar being positioned adjacent the interior wall of said drum, said bar having ripping tooth means co-operable with the ripping tooth means on said wall, means mounting said ripper bar for rotation about said axis while holding said bar in a fixed spaced relation to said interior wall and relative to said drum, to thereby cause a forced feeding of material between said interior wall and said bar and a shredding of the same.

14. A material commiutor including a drum mounted on a support for rotation and means for rotating the drum about the longitudinal axis thereof, said drum having inlet and outlet means therefor, said drum having tooth means fixed to the interior wall thereof, a bar supported within said drum, said bar being positioned adjacent the interior wall of said drum, said bar having comminuting means co-openable with the tooth means on said wall, means mounting said bar for rotation about said axis while holding said bar in a fixed spaced relation to said interior wall and relative to said drum, to thereby cause a forced feeding of material between said interior wall and said bar and comminution of the same.

15. A material comminutor including a drum mounted on a support for rotation and means for rotating the drum about the longitudinal axis thereof, said drum having inlet and outlet means therefor, said drum having ripping tooth means fixed to the interior wall thereof, a ripping bar supported within said drum, said bar being positioned adjacent the interior wall of said drum, said bar having comminuting means co-operable with the ripping tooth means on said wall, means mounting said ripper bar for rotation about said axis while holding said bar in a fixed spaced relation to said interior wall and relative to said drum, to thereby cause a forced feeding of material between said interior wall and said bar and comminution of the same.

16. A material comminutor including a drum mounted on a support for rotation and means for rotating the drum about the longitudinal axis thereof, said drum having inlet and outlet means therefor, said drum having ripping tooth means fixed to the interior wall thereof, a comminuting bar supported within said drum and extending longitudinally thereof, said bar being positioned adjacent the interior wall of said drum, said bar having comminuting means 'co-operable with the tooth means on said wall, means mounting said bar for rotation about said axis while holding said bar in a fixed spaced relation to said interior wall and relative to said drum, to thereby cause a forced feeding of material between said interior Wall and said bar and comminution of the same, said bar being normally positioned in a lower portion of said drum and being free to rotate about said axis in response to a predetermined buildup of material between said bar and the wall of said drum.

17. A material comminutor including a drum mounted on a support for rotation and means for rotating the drum about the longitudinal axis thereof, said drum having an inlet at the end thereof and outlet means therefor in the wall of the drum, said drum having ripping tooth means fixed to the interior wall thereof, a comminuting bar supported within said drum, said bar being positioned adjacent the interior wall of said drum, said bar having comminuting means co-operable with the tooth means on said wall, means mounting said bar for rotation about said axis while holding said bar in a fixed spaced relation to said interior wall and relative to said drum, to thereby cause a forced feeding of material between said interior wall and said bar and comminution of the same.

18. The structure of claim 17 wherein said bar is carried by a shaft extending through one end of said drum, said end of said drum being rotatably supported on said shaft.

19. The structure of claim 17 wherein one end of said bar is rotatably supported on the inlet end of said drum and the other end of said bar is supported on a shaft extending within the other end of said drum.

20. A material comminutor including a drum mounted on a support for rotation and means for rotating the drum about the longitudinal axis thereof, said drum having inlet and outlet means therefor, said drum having comminuting tooth means fixed to the interior wall thereof, a bar supported within said drum, said bar being positioned adjacent the interior wall of said drum, said bar having comminuting tooth means co-opera'ble with the tooth means on said wall, means mounting said bar for rotation about said axis while holding said bar in a fixed spaced relation to said interior wall and relative to said drum, to thereby cause a forced feeding of material between said interior wall and said bar and comminution of the same.

21. The structure of claim 20 wherein a clearance exists between the tooth means on said wall and the tooth means on said bar.

22. The structure of claim 20 wherein the tooth means on said bar are on a plate removably mounted on said bar.

23. The structure of claim 20 wherein the tooth means on said wall are carried by plates which are removably fixed to said wall.

24. A material comminutor including a drum mounted on a support for rotation and means for rotating the drum about the longitudinal axis thereof, said drum having inlet and outlet means therefor, said drum having tooth means fixed to the interior wall thereof, a bar supported within said drum, said bar being positioned adjacent the interior wall of said drum, said bar being cooperable with the tooth means on said wall for a comminution of material therebetween, and means mounting said bar for movement in arcuate directions about the inner wall of said drum while maintaining a selected clearance between said bar and the interior Wall of said drum, to thereby cause a forced feeding of material between said interior wall and said bar and comminution of the same.

25. The structure of claim 24 wherein said bar is mounted for movement about said axis.

26. The structure of claim 24 wherein said bar is mounted for rotational movement about an axis parallel to said drum axis but offset toward the lower wall of said drum to thereby increase the clearance by a selected amount as said bar rotates toward the top of said drum.

27. A material comminutor including a drum mounted on a support for rotation and means for rotating the drum about the longitudinal axis thereof, said drum having inlet and outlet means therefor, said drum having tooth means fixed to the interior wall thereof, a bar supported within said drum, said bar being positioned adjacent the interior wall of said drum, said bar being co-operable with the tooth means on said wall for a comminution of material therebetween, and means mounting said bar for rotational movement within said drum while constraining said bar to a selected spacing from the interior wall of said drum.

No references cited.

ROBERT C. RIORDON, Primary Examiner.

D. KELLY, Assistant Examiner.

Claims

17. A MATERIAL COMMINUTOR INCLUDING A DRUM MOUNTED ON A SUPPORT FOR ROTATION AND MEANS FOR ROTATING THE DRUM ABOUT THE LONGITUDINAL AXIS THEREOF, SAID DRUM HAVING AN INLET AT THE END THEREOF AND OUTLET MEANS THEREFOR IN THE WALL OF THE DRUM, SAID DRUM HAVING RIPPING TOOTH MEANS FIXED TO THE INTERIOR WALL THEREOF, A COMMINUTING BAR SUPPORTED WITHIN SAID DRUM, SAID BAR BEING POSITIONED ADJACENT THE INTERIOR WALL OF SAID DRUM, SAID BAR HAVING COMMINUTING MEANS CO-OPERABLE WITH THE TOOTH MEANS ON SAID WALL, MEANS MOUNTING SAID BAR FOR ROTATION ABOUT SAID AXIS WHILE HOLDING SAID BAR IN A FIXED SPACED RELATION TO SAID INTERIOR WALL AND RELATIVE TO SAID DRUM, TO THEREBY CAUSE A FORCED FEEDING OF MATERIAL BETWEEN SAID INTEIOR WALL AND SAID BAR AND COMMINUTION OF THE SAME.