US3248287A - Ddvp-fortified pyrethrum marc base mosquito repellent smoke coil - Google Patents
Ddvp-fortified pyrethrum marc base mosquito repellent smoke coil Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US3248287A US3248287A US390234A US39023464A US3248287A US 3248287 A US3248287 A US 3248287A US 390234 A US390234 A US 390234A US 39023464 A US39023464 A US 39023464A US 3248287 A US3248287 A US 3248287A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- ddvp
- smoke
- coil
- fortified
- pyrethrum
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 title claims description 24
- 240000004460 Tanacetum coccineum Species 0.000 title claims description 17
- ROVGZAWFACYCSP-MQBLHHJJSA-N [2-methyl-4-oxo-3-[(2z)-penta-2,4-dienyl]cyclopent-2-en-1-yl] (1r,3r)-2,2-dimethyl-3-(2-methylprop-1-enyl)cyclopropane-1-carboxylate Chemical compound CC1(C)[C@H](C=C(C)C)[C@H]1C(=O)OC1C(C)=C(C\C=C/C=C)C(=O)C1 ROVGZAWFACYCSP-MQBLHHJJSA-N 0.000 title claims description 17
- 229940015367 pyrethrum Drugs 0.000 title claims description 17
- 239000000077 insect repellent Substances 0.000 title description 4
- OEBRKCOSUFCWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N dichlorvos Chemical compound COP(=O)(OC)OC=C(Cl)Cl OEBRKCOSUFCWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 28
- 230000000749 insecticidal effect Effects 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000002940 repellent Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000005871 repellent Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 7
- YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dichloromethane Chemical compound ClCCl YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000002917 insecticide Substances 0.000 description 4
- 235000019645 odor Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chloroform Chemical compound ClC(Cl)Cl HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000013312 flour Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000013162 Cocos nucifera Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000060011 Cocos nucifera Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000256113 Culicidae Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000255925 Diptera Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000238631 Hexapoda Species 0.000 description 1
- 240000007049 Juglans regia Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000009496 Juglans regia Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000005909 Kieselgur Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002250 absorbent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002745 absorbent Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000443 aerosol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003570 air Substances 0.000 description 1
- VSCWAEJMTAWNJL-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium trichloride Chemical compound Cl[Al](Cl)Cl VSCWAEJMTAWNJL-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000481 chemical toxicant Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 238000004587 chromatography analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007857 degradation product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012442 inert solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001473 noxious effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001846 repelling effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001256 steam distillation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003039 volatile agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000020234 walnut Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N25/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests
- A01N25/20—Combustible or heat-generating compositions
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N53/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing cyclopropane carboxylic acids or derivatives thereof
Definitions
- Smoke coils having a base of pyrethrum are in common use, particularly in tropical areas where mosquito screening is not readily available or expedient. It is estimated that in Japan alone, over two hundred and fifty million coils are used per annum and over fifty million coils per annum are exported from that country.
- smoke coils In the United States, smoke coils have a rather limited use, and are primarily used in connection with outdoor activities, such as in camping, hunting, fishing areas. Such known smoke coils are primarily regarded as having only insect repelling properties rather than a positive insecticidal action.
- an object of this invention is to provide an improved pyrethrum based smoke coil which is fortified to give the same insecticidal, as well as repellent properties, such coil retaining both properties over extended storage periods, providing normal combustion and smoke conditions, and being free of noxious or unpleasant odors on combustion.
- dimethyl dichloro vinyl phosphate may be added in amounts of from 0.05% to 0.5% by Weight to conventional mosquito repellent smoke coils having a pyrethrum mare base so that the DDVP is restrained against loss due to volatility.
- DDVP fortified coils may be exposed to strong currents of air at room or elevated temperatures with little loss of DDVP content.
- Smoke coils fortified with DDVP were found to produce a smoke which had insecticidal as well as repellent properties.
- the DDVP content of the smoke was as low as 12-15 p.p.m., which concentration is accepted as Well below safe tolerances.
- DDV-P per se is well metabolized by the human system and in 0.5% concentrations is approved for aerosol use.
- DDVP high volatility of DDVP makes it readily available once the heat from the glowing tip of the burning coil liberates the same, together with accompanying steam and smoke. Studies of the combustion area of the coil shows the smoke-steam combination originates just below the glowing zone and the DDVP is volatilized and liberated before it is ignited.
- the smoke from a burning DDVP fortified coil was collected and analysed by vapor chromatography. It was found that no decomposed DDVP was present inasmuch as no phosphate decomposition products were found and the amount of DDVP corresponded to the content of that material in the coil.
- pyrethrum mare has a peculiar afiinity for DDVP.
- the smoke coil is made up of at least 25% by weight of pyrethrum mare, then thebalance of such coil composition may comprise coconut shell flour, walnut shell flour, wood fiour, leaves and other fillers; with good retention of the volatile DDVP on the coil body or the pyrethrum mare portion thereof.
- DDVP When DDVP was applied to absorbent bases such as sawdust, activated charcoal, or diatomaceous earth and air at 100 F. was blown over such impregnated bases, the volatile DDVP left the bases within a few days. On the other hand, DDVP applied to a base of pyrethrum mare and treated with air at 100 F. showed almost complete retention of the volatile agent even after days of such treatment.
- the DDVP separates from pyrethrum rnarc base only at very high temperatures and by the steam distillation effect of water derived from combustion of the coil.
- Example I Conventional pyrethrum base mosquito repellent coils were dipped into a 12% solution by weight of DDVP in methylene chloride, until the coils were saturated. The impregnated coils were set on a rack to dry. The coils, having an average weight of 7-13 grams each, showed an average increase in weight of about 35 mgm. Thus, the DDVP absorbed amounts to about 0.25% to 0.30%. Such coils when ignited, burned evenly for 7 hours and and the smoke had excellent insecticidal properties.
- the DDVP maybe carried in an inert solvent such as chloroform, methylene chloride or the like.
- the base of the smoke coil so impregnated should have a pH of between about 6.0 to 8.0.
- An insecticidal body comprising ignitable material adapted to provide smoke upon ignition which has insecticidal and repellent properties, said body comprising pyrethrum mare in an amount of at least 25% by weight of said body, said body having distributed therethrough a small amount of dimethyl dichloro vinyl phosphate.
- An insecticidal body comprising ignitable material adapted to provide smoke upon ignition which has insecticidal and repellent properties, said body comprising a substantial proportion of pyrethrum mare and from about 0.25 to about 0.30% by weight of dimethyl dichloro vinyl phosphate distributed through said body.
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Plant Pathology (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Dentistry (AREA)
- Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
Description
3,248,287 DDVP-FORTIFIED PYRETHRUM MARC BASE MOSQUITO REPELLENT SMOKE COIL Jack Sonbert, 1001 Oriental Blvd., Brooklyn, N .Y.
No Drawing. Filed Aug. 17, 1964, Ser. No. 390,234 4 Claims. (Cl. 16740) This invention relates to smoke coils, and more particu larly, concerns coils which exhibit insecticidal as well as repellent properties in respect to mosquitos and the like.
Smoke coils having a base of pyrethrum are in common use, particularly in tropical areas where mosquito screening is not readily available or expedient. It is estimated that in Japan alone, over two hundred and fifty million coils are used per annum and over fifty million coils per annum are exported from that country.
In the United States, smoke coils have a rather limited use, and are primarily used in connection with outdoor activities, such as in camping, hunting, fishing areas. Such known smoke coils are primarily regarded as having only insect repelling properties rather than a positive insecticidal action.
No serious attempt has been made heretofore, to fortify pyrethrum smoke coils, so as to make the same insecticidal as well as repellent, since the amount of added chemical toxicant effective for the purpose, would be too great for safety in use. Also, a non-volatile insecticide would not disperse as a vapor in the smoke generated from the coil, while a volatile type of insecticide would have a poor shelf life and would be dissipated before the coil had been totally consumed in normal usage.
In addition, many added insecticides would detrimentally affect the normal combustion properties of the coil and adversely affect the smoke production from modified coils. Furthermore, the combustion products of the added insecticide may cause unpleasant odors or even toxic conditions.
Accordingly, an object of this invention is to provide an improved pyrethrum based smoke coil which is fortified to give the same insecticidal, as well as repellent properties, such coil retaining both properties over extended storage periods, providing normal combustion and smoke conditions, and being free of noxious or unpleasant odors on combustion.
Thus, it has been found that dimethyl dichloro vinyl phosphate (DDVP) may be added in amounts of from 0.05% to 0.5% by Weight to conventional mosquito repellent smoke coils having a pyrethrum mare base so that the DDVP is restrained against loss due to volatility. Such DDVP fortified coils may be exposed to strong currents of air at room or elevated temperatures with little loss of DDVP content.
Smoke coils fortified with DDVP were found to produce a smoke which had insecticidal as well as repellent properties. The DDVP content of the smoke was as low as 12-15 p.p.m., which concentration is accepted as Well below safe tolerances. DDV-P per se is well metabolized by the human system and in 0.5% concentrations is approved for aerosol use.
The high volatility of DDVP makes it readily available once the heat from the glowing tip of the burning coil liberates the same, together with accompanying steam and smoke. Studies of the combustion area of the coil shows the smoke-steam combination originates just below the glowing zone and the DDVP is volatilized and liberated before it is ignited.
The smoke from a burning DDVP fortified coil was collected and analysed by vapor chromatography. It was found that no decomposed DDVP was present inasmuch as no phosphate decomposition products were found and the amount of DDVP corresponded to the content of that material in the coil.
- United States Patent It was found that the use of added binders such as resin,
' wax or the like, to retain the DDVP in the coil body, gave rise to bad odors, poor combustion, degradation products and other adverse conditions.
On the other hand, it was found that pyrethrum mare has a peculiar afiinity for DDVP. If the smoke coil is made up of at least 25% by weight of pyrethrum mare, then thebalance of such coil composition may comprise coconut shell flour, walnut shell flour, wood fiour, leaves and other fillers; with good retention of the volatile DDVP on the coil body or the pyrethrum mare portion thereof.
When DDVP was applied to absorbent bases such as sawdust, activated charcoal, or diatomaceous earth and air at 100 F. was blown over such impregnated bases, the volatile DDVP left the bases within a few days. On the other hand, DDVP applied to a base of pyrethrum mare and treated with air at 100 F. showed almost complete retention of the volatile agent even after days of such treatment. The DDVP separates from pyrethrum rnarc base only at very high temperatures and by the steam distillation effect of water derived from combustion of the coil.
Example I Conventional pyrethrum base mosquito repellent coils were dipped into a 12% solution by weight of DDVP in methylene chloride, until the coils were saturated. The impregnated coils were set on a rack to dry. The coils, having an average weight of 7-13 grams each, showed an average increase in weight of about 35 mgm. Thus, the DDVP absorbed amounts to about 0.25% to 0.30%. Such coils when ignited, burned evenly for 7 hours and and the smoke had excellent insecticidal properties.
It has been found that with smoke coils having a base containing at least 25% by weight of pyrethrum marc, such coils may be impregnated with DDVP in amounts ranging from 0.05% to 0.50% by weight, and such fortified coils will show insecticidal properties when the coils are ignited.
The DDVP maybe carried in an inert solvent such as chloroform, methylene chloride or the like. The base of the smoke coil so impregnated should have a pH of between about 6.0 to 8.0.
As various changes might be made in the embodiment of the invention herein disclosed without departing from the spirit thereof, it is understood that all matter herein shown or described shall be deemed illustrative and not by way of limitation except as set forth in the appended claims.
What is claimed is:
1. An insecticidal body comprising ignitable material adapted to provide smoke upon ignition which has insecticidal and repellent properties, said body comprising pyrethrum mare in an amount of at least 25% by weight of said body, said body having distributed therethrough a small amount of dimethyl dichloro vinyl phosphate.
2. An insecticidal body as in claim 1 wherein said dimethyl dichloro vinyl phosphate amounts to from about 0.05% to 0.50% by weight of the body.
3. The method of fortifying an ignitable body comprising at least 25 by weight of pyrethrum mare, comprising impregnating said body with a solution of dimethyl dichloro vinyl phosphate, in a volatile organic solvent, and drying the impregnated body.
4. An insecticidal body comprising ignitable material adapted to provide smoke upon ignition which has insecticidal and repellent properties, said body comprising a substantial proportion of pyrethrum mare and from about 0.25 to about 0.30% by weight of dimethyl dichloro vinyl phosphate distributed through said body.
(References on following page) 3 References Cited by the Examiner 1,786,967 2,521,941 UNITED STATES PATENTS 2,765,579 9/1880 Detwiller 16740 2,968,591 4/1890 Atkinson 167-41 5 3,116,201 11/1897 Deming 167-40 12/1916 Katzenberger 167-40 8/1926 Sy 167-24 Trevillian 260-468 Pearsall 21-111 Gordon 43-127 Tracy 167-22 Whetstone et a1. 167-22 LEWIS GOTTS, Primary Examiner.
S. K. ROSE, Assistant Examiner.
Claims (1)
1. AN INSECTICIDAL BODY COMPRISING IGNITABLE MATERIAL ADAPTED TO PROVIDE SMOKE UPON IGNITION WHICH HAS INSECTICIDAL AND REPELLENT PROPERTIES, SAID BODY COMPRISING PYRETHRUM MARC IN AN AMOUNT OF AT LEAST 25% BY WEIGHT OF SAID BODY, SAID BODY HAVING DISTRIBUTED THERETHROUGH A SMALL AMOUNT OF DIMETHYL DICHLORO VINYL PHOSPHATE.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US390234A US3248287A (en) | 1964-08-17 | 1964-08-17 | Ddvp-fortified pyrethrum marc base mosquito repellent smoke coil |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US390234A US3248287A (en) | 1964-08-17 | 1964-08-17 | Ddvp-fortified pyrethrum marc base mosquito repellent smoke coil |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US3248287A true US3248287A (en) | 1966-04-26 |
Family
ID=23541660
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US390234A Expired - Lifetime US3248287A (en) | 1964-08-17 | 1964-08-17 | Ddvp-fortified pyrethrum marc base mosquito repellent smoke coil |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US3248287A (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3723615A (en) * | 1969-12-24 | 1973-03-27 | Sumitomo Chemical Co | Fumigant insecticidal mixtures of d-chrysanthemates |
| US3795999A (en) * | 1972-06-13 | 1974-03-12 | Y Tabita | Insecticidal incense and method for the manufacture thereof |
| WO2007139872A2 (en) | 2006-05-25 | 2007-12-06 | Dow Agrosciences Llc | Spinosyn fumigants |
Citations (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US232695A (en) * | 1880-09-28 | Jacob j | ||
| US424590A (en) * | 1890-04-01 | Candle for killing insects | ||
| US593990A (en) * | 1897-11-23 | Insect-exterminating compound | ||
| US1207766A (en) * | 1912-11-23 | 1916-12-12 | Charles Katzenberger | Composition of matter for destroying insects. |
| US1595261A (en) * | 1922-12-14 | 1926-08-10 | Neil E Morgan | Insecticide and process of producing the same |
| US1786967A (en) * | 1929-04-14 | 1930-12-30 | W T Rawleigh Company | Process of extracting pyrethrum |
| US2521941A (en) * | 1945-09-11 | 1950-09-12 | Ensign Bickford Co | Device for producing the vapor of a chemical agent |
| US2765579A (en) * | 1955-06-03 | 1956-10-09 | Flexible Carbon Products Inc | Insect repellent device |
| US2968591A (en) * | 1957-05-08 | 1961-01-17 | Norda Essential Oil And Chemic | Control of cigarette beetles with vapor of ddvp |
| US3116201A (en) * | 1952-02-29 | 1963-12-31 | Shell Oil Co | Organo-phosphorus insecticide |
-
1964
- 1964-08-17 US US390234A patent/US3248287A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US232695A (en) * | 1880-09-28 | Jacob j | ||
| US424590A (en) * | 1890-04-01 | Candle for killing insects | ||
| US593990A (en) * | 1897-11-23 | Insect-exterminating compound | ||
| US1207766A (en) * | 1912-11-23 | 1916-12-12 | Charles Katzenberger | Composition of matter for destroying insects. |
| US1595261A (en) * | 1922-12-14 | 1926-08-10 | Neil E Morgan | Insecticide and process of producing the same |
| US1786967A (en) * | 1929-04-14 | 1930-12-30 | W T Rawleigh Company | Process of extracting pyrethrum |
| US2521941A (en) * | 1945-09-11 | 1950-09-12 | Ensign Bickford Co | Device for producing the vapor of a chemical agent |
| US3116201A (en) * | 1952-02-29 | 1963-12-31 | Shell Oil Co | Organo-phosphorus insecticide |
| US2765579A (en) * | 1955-06-03 | 1956-10-09 | Flexible Carbon Products Inc | Insect repellent device |
| US2968591A (en) * | 1957-05-08 | 1961-01-17 | Norda Essential Oil And Chemic | Control of cigarette beetles with vapor of ddvp |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3723615A (en) * | 1969-12-24 | 1973-03-27 | Sumitomo Chemical Co | Fumigant insecticidal mixtures of d-chrysanthemates |
| US3795999A (en) * | 1972-06-13 | 1974-03-12 | Y Tabita | Insecticidal incense and method for the manufacture thereof |
| WO2007139872A2 (en) | 2006-05-25 | 2007-12-06 | Dow Agrosciences Llc | Spinosyn fumigants |
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