US3236055A

US3236055A - Pile driving template

Info

Publication number: US3236055A
Application number: US255274A
Authority: US
Inventors: Alpo J Tokola
Original assignee: PETER KIEWIT SONS CO
Current assignee: PETER KIEWIT SONS CO
Priority date: 1963-01-31
Filing date: 1963-01-31
Publication date: 1966-02-22
Anticipated expiration: 1983-02-22

Description

Feb. 22, 1966 A, TQKOLA 3,236,055

PILE DRIVING TEMPLATE Filed Jan. 51, 1963 3 Sheets-Sheet l Fig. 2

IIN

INVENTOR.

Alpo J. Tokola Attorneys Feb. 22, 1966 A. J. ToKoLA PILE DRIVING TEMPLATE 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed Jan. 3l, 1965 INVENTOR.

Alpo J. Tokola M 69%.@

Attorneys Feb. 22, 1966 A. J. ToKoLA PILE DRIVING TEMPLATE 5 Sheets-Sheet Z Filed Jan. 31. 1963 INVENTOR.

Alpo J. Toko/a M Attorneys I. BY

United States Patent O 3,236,055 PILE DRIVING TER/@LATE Alpo J. Tokola, Lafayette, Calif., assigner, by mesne assignments, to Peter Kiewit Sons, Co., Omaha, Nebr., a corporation of Nebraska Filed Jan. 31, 1963, Ser. No. 255,274 13 Claims. (Cl. 61-63) This invention relates to a pile driving template and more particularly to a pile driving template which facilitates accurate driving of piles.

In driving of piles, there is normally a requirement that the piles be positioned as accurately as possible. In the positioning of piles for driving them into a formation which is under water, there is considerable diiculty in properly positioning `such piles and maintaining their position during driving of same. In addition, there is considerable difficulty in obtaining a high rate of production in driving piles into underwater formation. There is, therefore, need for a new and improved apparatus for the driving of piles.

In general, it is an object of the present invention to provide a pile driving template which facilitates the driving of piles.

Another object of this invention is to provide a pile driving template of the above character which particularly facilitates the driving of piles into underwater formations.

Another object of the invention is to provide a template of the above general character which greatly increases the accuracy of driving piles into underwater formations.

Another object of the invention is to provide a template of the above character in which a plu-rality of piles can be driven before the template must be shifted.

Another object of the invention is to provide a template of the above character which can be precisely located.

Another object of the invention is to provide a template of the above character in which the template is located by using previously driven piles or pre-existing structures.

Another object of the invention is to provide a ternplate of the above character which can be readily removed after the piles have been driven.

Another object of the invention is to provide a template of the above character in which the position of the pile-locating collars can be shifted relative to the framework of the template.

Additional objects and features of the invention will appear from the following description in which the preferred embodiment is set forth in detail in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

Referring to the drawings:

FIGURE 1 is a top plan view of a pile driving template incorporating rny invention.

FIGURE 2 is a top plan view of the template shown in FIGURE 1 without the catwalks and showing the positioning of the pile driving template utilizing a pre-existing trestle.

FIGURE 3 is an enlarged view of the lower right-hand portion of the template shown in FIGURE 1.

FIGURE 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line 4 4 of FIGURE 3.

FIGURE 5 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line 5 5 of FIGURE 4.

FIGURE 6 is a cross-sectional View taken along the line 6 6 of FIGURE 3.

FIGURE 7 is a cross-sectional View taken along the line 7 7 of FIGURE 6.

FIGURE 8 is an enlarged detail view of a portion of the pile driving template shown in FIGURE 3.

ice

FIGURE 9 is a side elevational View looking along the line 9 9 of FIGURE 8.

.In general, my pile template consists of a framework Witha plurality of split collars mounted in predetermined POSIUOHS 0n the framework. The split collars are movable between open and closed positions and are formed in at least two sections. Means is provided for shifting the position of at least one of the sections at each of the split collars to `facilitate opening of the split collars to release the frame from the piles. Means is also provided for retaining the sections in closed position to retain the piles placed in the collars and guide the piles as the piles are being driven.

As shown in the drawings, my pile template consists of a floating frame 11 which is formed of a suitable material which will iioat in water. For example, as shown in the drawings, the frame can be formed of a longitudinal pipe section 12 which extends the length of the frame and two pairs of spaced, parallel, laterally extending pipe sections 13 which are secured to the end portions of the longitudinal frame member by suitable means such as welding. An additional pair of spaced, parallel, laterally extending pipe sections 14 are secured to the longitudinal pipe member 12 between the pairs of the pipe sections 13. It will be noted that the pipe sections 13 are of a length which is substantially greater than the pipe sections 14 for a purpose hereinafter described. Also, it will be noted that the ends of the pairs of pipe sections 13 and 14 re-mote from the pipe sections 12 are open to provide egress openings for a purpose hereinafter described.

Diagonally extending pipe sections 16 extend between the longitudinal pipe section 12 and the pipe section 14 and serve as braces. Additional longitudinally extending pipe sections 17 are connected between the pipe sections 13 and 14 and also serve as braces. Exposed ends of the pipe sections 13 and 14 are closed with end closures 18 to provide sealed containers into which water cannot enter.

A plurality of the split collar assemblies 21 are mounted on the framework 11 in predetermined adjustable positions. Each of the split collar assemblies consists of a U-shaped -outer frame 22 which is formed of a suitable material such as I-beams. The frames 22 are secured to the pipe sections 13 and 14 in a suitable manner such as by means of br-ackets 23 welded to the pipe sections and to the frames. Pairs of U-s'haped outer frames 22 are secured to the laterally extending pipe sections 13 and 14 so that their open ends are spaced apart and open in a direction which is at right angles to the longitudinal axes of the pipe sections 13 and 14 and so that the open ends of each pair face each other.

Each of a pair of the split collar assemblies 21 also includes U-shaped inner iframes 24 which are formed of a suitable material such as channels and which are dimensioned so that they fit within the U-shaped channels formed in the outer frames 22. This permits the inner frames 24 to be shifted or moved in and out of the outer frames 22. Semicircular collar sections 26 are secured to the ends of the inner frame members 24 and are positioned so that the collar sections are adapted to lbe moved into a closed position in which a split circular collar is formed and into an open or spaced apart position to permit the template to be released from the piles as hereinafter described.

Means are provided for moving at least one of the collar sections with its associated inner frame to open and close the split collar. It consists of a nut 27 which is mounted on a transverse portion of the U-shaped inner iframe. A screw 28 is threaded through the nut and is rotatably mounted in a bearing 29 carried by a transverse portion of one of the outer frames 22. A hand wheel 31 is mounted on the screw and is provided for rotating the screw, It is readily apparent that by rotating the hand wheel in opposite directions, one of the inner frames 24 can lbe moved toward and away from the other inner frame. The other inner frame, if desired, may also be provided with suitable. means for positively opening and closing the same. However, I have found the other inner frame can be readily moved between the open and closed positions -by hand.

When both of the collar sections 26 have been moved to the closed position, ange portions 26a provided on opposite -sides of both collar sections can be fastened togetherv by suitable releasable means such as bolts 32. When both of the collar sections are tied together in this manner, it can be readily seen that the split collar comprised of both sections will be moved in one direction or the other as the hand Wheel 31 is rotated in oppositel directions.

Each of the collar sections is provided with an upwardly and outwardly turned flange portion 26C which facilitates guiding the 'butt or lower end of the pile into the collar section as the pile is being lowered.

It lwill be noted that a plurality of split collar assemblies 21 have been provided on each pair of the pipe sections 13 and 14. In the arrangement shown, three such split collar assemblies have been provided on each pair of pipe sections and these have been positioned so that they are aligned to provide longitudinally and laterally. extending rows of split collar assemblies. It is, however, readily apparent that if required, there can be any desired arrangement of the collar assemblies.

Suitable means are provided for positioning the pile driving template so that piles placed in the template will be properly positioned. Such means can take various forms as, for example, as shown in the drawing where a pre-existing trestle or bridge structure 36 is available, it is possible to .utilize the piers which Asupport the preexisting bridge or trestle for positioning and locating the pile driving template. In the pre-existing bridge structure 36 shown in FIGURE 2 of the drawings, the 'bridge structure is provided with supporting piers 37 which are rectangular in cross-section. In the pile driving template shown in the drawings, the template has been designed so that it can be positioned by utilizing the piers 37 of the pre-existing trestle or bridge structure 36.

The pile template positioning means consists of a rectangular frame 41 formed of a suitable material such as channels and is supported upon the pipe sections 13 in a position so that its longitudinal axis extends in a direction which is parallel to the longitudinal axis of the pipe sections 13. The frame 41 is mounted upon the pipe sections 13 by channel sections 42. A pair of outer U- shaped frames 43 :formed of suitable material such as I- `beams are mounted on the frame 41 for movement longitudinally of the frame. Each frame 43, as shown in FIG- URE 9, is secured to a pair of I-beam sections `44 which receive opposite sides of the frame 41. An inner U- shaped frame 46 is mounted in each of the outer frames 43 and is adapted to be moved in and out of the outer U-shaped frames in much the same manner as in the split collar assemblies 21. The openings in the pairs of associated outer U-shaped members 43 face each other. The same is true 'of the openings in the inner U-shaped frames 46. U-shaped collar sections 47 are mounted on the inner U-shaped frames and adapted to :be moved between open and closed, or pier disengaging and pier engaging positions. In the present embodiment, the collar sections are U-shaped 'because of the rectangular cross-section of the piers 37.

Means are provided for moving at least one of the inner U-shaped frames 46 longitudinally of the outer U-shaped frames 43 and consists of a nut 51 which is mounted in a transverse portion of the inner U-shaped frame 46. A screw 52 is threaded into the nut 51 and is rotatably journalled in a bearing 53, A hand wheel 54 is provided for turning the kscrew .52e

Suitable means are provided for clamping the two UfI shaped collar sections 47 together so that they can be: moved in unison by the hand wheel 54 and consists of flanges 47a provided on the section 47 which are releasably secured together by bolts 55.

It can fbe seen that theihand wheel 54 can -be utilized for moving the split collar sections 47 in a direction which is at right angles to the longitudinal axis ofthe pipe sections 14. Means are also provided for shifting the collar sections 47 in a direction parallel to the longitudinal axis of the pipe sections 13 and consists of a pair of nuts 53 which are mounted in one of the I-beam sections 44. A screw 59 is threaded through the nuts and has one end journalled in a bearing 61 secured to the frame 41. 'lhe other end of the screw is also journalled in a bearing.f (not shown). A bevel gear 61 is anixed to one end of the screw' 59 and is driven by another bevel gear 63 The; bevel gear 63 is aiiixed to a vertically extending shaft 64 which rises through Ia collar 66 secured to the frame 4i.- 'h shaft 64 is journalled a :bearing 67 and is adapted to be rotated by hand wheel 68. By rotating the hand wheel 68 in opposite directions, the U-shaped collar section 47 can be shifted in a direction which is parallel to the longitudinal axis of the pipe sections 14.

If desired, additional means can also be provided for stabilizing the position of the pile driving template. For example, as shown in the drawings, a swinging guide' anni 71 can be provided which is pivotally mounted on the frame 11 at 72. A hook-shaped member 73 is mounted on the end of the arm and is adapted to engage a pile 76 which already has been driven to the required set.

Wooden catwalks 78 have been provided on the upper portion of the floating frame 1l1 so that the operator can have ready access to all of the collar' assemblies and the hand wheel to permit rapid opening and closing of the collar assemblies. Let it be assumed that it is desired to drive piles into an underwater formation and that the pile driving template is already floating in the water. Also, let it be assumed, as shown in FIGURE 2`-that it is desired to drive piles adjacent to preexisting `bridge 0r Itrestle so that the bridge or trestle can be utilized for pdsitioning of the pile driving template. When such is the case, the hand wheels 54 are yoperated to move the LP shaped collar sections 47 to an open position. The pile driving template is then shifted into the desired position by moving it sideways so that the existing piers 37 pass between the pairs of pipe setcions 14 and enter between the open U-shaped collar sections 47. The collar sections 37 .are then closed about the piles 37 by operation of the hand wheel 54. As h-ereinbefore described, one of `the inner frames 46 is moved by the hand wheel, whereas the other is moved manually. The two frames are then clamped together by the bolts y55. After the piers 37 are engaged, the pile driving template is precisely positioned by operating the hand wheels 54 and 68. The hand wheels `54 are provided for shifting the pile driving template longitudinally, whereas the hand wheels 68 are provided for shifting the pile driving template laterally into its desired position.

In orde-r to more properly stabilize the pile driving teinplate, it may be desired to' provide additional guide points -or positioning points for .the template. F or example, the guide Iarm 71 can be swung out and moved into engagement with a pile 76 which has already been driven.

After the pile driving template is in place, the piles can be readily lowered into the split collars formed by the collar sections 26 .by the use of a floating crane or other suitable apparatus. The piles can be placed in the split collars one by one until all the collars are filled. As; soon as this has been accomplished, the piles can be driveni in Iany desired order to the required set, lDuring driving of the piles, the nuts 27 and the screws 28` will retain the;

split collars in the desired position. The split U-shapedil collars engaging the piers 37 will also retainthe pile tem? plate in the proper position because of the screws 52 and the worms 51.

After all the piles have been driven (as, for example, all 12 piles in the pile driving template shown in the drawing), the pile driving template is ready to be shifted to the next location. The bolts 32 in the split collars are removed and the hand wheels are operated to open the collar sections. The U-shaped collar sections engaging the piers 37 are also opened. As soon as all the collar sections have been opened, the entire pile driving template can be moved out sideways from the piles which have been driven with the piles passing through .the egress openings between the frame members 13 and 14. Thus, the pile driving template can be shifted to the left as viewed in FIGURE 2 and as shown in broken lines in FIGURE 2 into a position in which the next four rows of piles can be driven. The same sequence `of operations is then .repeated until all the piles have been driven.

After all the piles have been driven along the preexisting bridge structure, the pre-existing bridge structure can then be removed and additional rows of piles can be driven in the locations previously occupied by the pre-existing bridge by utilizing the piles which had been previously driven. To do Ithis, it is Ionly necessary to change the U-shaped collar portions 47 into semi-circular sections which would be more adapted to engage the cyiindrical piles 76 previously driven.

If there is no pre-existing structure, it is still possible to utilize my pile driving template very effectively. For example, the pile driving template can be anchored and properly positioned by irst driving special piles. Thereafter, the last row of piles could be driven in each set and can be used for properly positioning the pile driving template by having the first row of collars fit over the last row of piles driven. Piles can then be placed in the three remaining rows of split collars in the pile driving template.

It is apparent from the foregoing that I have provided a new and improved pile driving template which greatly facilitates the accurate positioning of the piles and which also facilitates relatively high pile driving production.

I claim:

1. In a pile driving template, a longitudinal frame member, at least one pair of spaced parallel frame members secured to the longitudinal frame member and extending laterally therefrom, said pair of frame members dening an egress opening at the end away from said longitudinal frame member, la pulrality of split collar assemblies mounted between the members of the spaced parallel pair of frame members, each of the split collar assemblies being formed in at least two parts, one of the parts being connected to one of the pair of frame members, the other part being connected to the other of said pair of frame members, means mounted on the frame members operatively connected to the split collar assemblies for shifting the position of the split collar assemblies relative to the frame members to determine the precise position of the piles to be driven therethrough.

2. In -a pile driving template, a framework defining a plurality of spaced parallel slots extending from a free side thereof and providing egress openings at said side for withdrawing said framework from rows of driven piles, a plurality of split collar assemblies mounted on said framework and being disposed in vertical alignment with said slots, at least one of said slots having a plurality of split collar assemblies therealong, each of the split collar assemblies being formed of at least two parts one of said parts being mounted to the framework on one side of the slot and the other part being mounted to the framework on the other side of the slot, said parts -being movable between open and closed positions with respect to each other so that in closed position a pile receiving opening is formed and in open position a space is provided between the parts, said collar assemblies in open positions permitting the template to be moved in a direction to cler piles previously driven through the collar assemblies and to permit the piles to pass along the slots and out of theA egress openings.

3. In a pile driving template for driving piles in an underwater formation, a framework floating on the water, the frame work including a plurality of spaced parallel members arranged in pairs and each forming an elongate slot and an egress opening lat one end thereof, and a plurality of split collar assemblies mounted on said framework and being disposed between the members of each pair of parallel members, at least one of said pairs of parallel members having a plurality of split collar assemblies positioned therealong, each of the split collar assemblies being formed of at least two parts, one of said parts being mounted to the framework on one of said members of the pair of parallel members, the other part being mounted to the framework on the other member of the pair of members, the two parts being movable between open and closed positions wit-h respect to each other so that in a closed position a pile receiving opening is formed and in an open position a space is provided between the parts, said collar assemblies in open position permitting the template to be moved in a direction to clear piles driven through the collar 4assemblies and to permit the piles to pass through the spaces between the parts and the egress openings.

4. A template as in claim 3 together with adjustable means operatively connected to the template for precisely positioning the template.

5. A template as in claim 3 together with adjustable means operatively connected to the template for precisely positioning the template, and means for precisely positioning the template, including split collars movable between open and closed positions, and means connected to said split collars for shifting the last named split collars in directions perpendicular to and parallel to the spaced parallel members.

6. In a pile driving template, a longitudinal frame member, a plurality of spaced parallel pairs of frame members secured to the longitudinal frame member and extending laterally therefrom and forming elongate slots with egress openings, a plurality of split collar assemblies disposed in registry with the slots and means mounted on the laterally extending frame members for shifting the position of the split collar assemblies to determine the precise position of the piles to be driven through, each of said split collar assemblies consisting of a pair of outer U-shaped frames one of said pair of outer U-shaped frames iixed to one of the pair of frame members, the other of said pair of outer U-shaped frames fixed to the other of said pair of frame members, a pair of inner U-shaped frames movably mounted in the outer U-shaped frames, and a collar section secured to each of the inner U-shaped frames, the collar sections facing each other, the inner U-shaped frames being movable in the outer U-shaped frames to permit the movement of the collar sections between open and closed positions in an area between laterally extending members.

7. A template as in claim 6 together with clamping means operatively connected to the collar sections for securing the two collar sections into a unitary assembly, and means operatively connected to the assembly for shifting the position of the unitary assembly.

8. A template as in claim 6 together with means operatively connected to the template for precisely positioning the template.

9. A template as in claim 6 wherein the collar sections on each pair of laterally extending frame members are in alignment so that when the collar sections are open, the template may be moved away from the piles in a sideways direction to clear the piles which have been driven.

10. In a pile driving template for driving a set of piles in predetermined rows, a framework including a plurality of pairs of members supported in spaced parallel relation to form elongated slots with egresses for rows of driven piles, a plurality of split collar assemblies and means. for mounting the split collar assemblies on the framework so that they are disposed in registry with the slots,

the split collar assemblies being formed in at least two sections, one of said sections being connected to Vthel framework on lone side of the slot, the'other section being: connected to the framework on the other side of said slot, said means for mounting the split collar assemblies including means for shifting the position of at least one of the sections of each split collar assembly with respect to the other section to move the collar assembly into open and closed positions, the collar assembly in a closed position forming a pile receiving opening and in an open position forming a space between the sections so that the template can be moved to clear the piles.

11. In a pile driving template for driving a set of piles in predetermined rows, a framework including a longitudinal support member and a plurality of pairs of members supported in spaced parallel relationship and extending laterally away from said longitudinal support member to form a plurality of spaced parallel slots, said pairs of parallel members open at the ends remote from said longitudinal member to form a plurality of egresses permitting the template to ybe sidewise withdrawn from the rows of driven piles, a plurality of split collar assemblies and means for mounting the split collar assemblies on the frameworks so that they are disposed registery with the slots, the split collar assemblies being formed in at least two sections, one of said sections being connected to the framework on one side of the slot, and the other section being connected to the framework on the other side of the slot, said means for mounting the split collar assemblies including means for shifting the position of at least one of the sections of each split collar assembly with respect to the other section to move the collar assembly into open and closed positions, the collar assembly forming in the closed position a pile receiving opening and the open position forming a space between the sections so that the template can be moved to clear the pile.

12. In a pile driving template for driving a set of piles in predetermined rows, a framework including a plurality of pairs of members supported in spaced parallel relation to form a plurality of elongated slots, said pairs of members open at one end to form an egress for a row of driven piles, a plurality of split collar assemblies disposed in registry with the slots, means mounted on the laterally extending frame members for shifting the position of the split lcollar assemblies to determine the precise position of the piles to 'be `driven through, each of said split collar assemblies `consisting of a pair of outer U-shaped frames one of said pair of outer U-shaped frames fixed to one of the pair of framemembers, the other of saidY pair of outer U-shaped frames ixed to the otherof said pair of frame members, a pair offinner U-shaped frames movably-mounted in the outer U-'shaped frames, gand a collar section secured to each of the inner U-shaped frames, the collar sections facing each other, the inner U-shaped frames being movable in the outer- U-shaped frames to permit the movement of thecollar sections between open and closed positions in an area between laterally extending members.v

13. In a pile driving template a framework having a plurality of spaced parallel slots extending from a free side thereof and providing Aan egress opening at said side for withdrawingtsaid framework from a set of driven piles, a plurality of split collar assemblies mounted on said framework and being disposedin vertical alignment with said slots each of the'Y split collar assemblies being formed of at least two parts movable between open and closed ipositions with respect to each other so that in closed position a pile receiving opening-is formed and in open position la space is provided betweenthe-parts permitting the template to be -moved in a direction to clear the piles previously drivenV through the collar assemblies and. toy permit the .piles to vpass along the slots and out of the egress opening when the collar assemblies are in the open position, each of said split collar assemblies consisting of a pair of outer U-shaped-frames, one of said `outer U-shaped frames xed to the framework adjacent one side of said slots, the othery of said U-shaped frames fixed to theframework adjacent the otherside of said slots,'a pair of inner U-shaped frames movably mounted in the outer U-shaped frames, and a collar section secured to each of the inner U-shaped frames, the collar sections facing each other, the inner U-shaped frame is being movable in the outer U-shaped frames to permit the movement of the'collarlsection between'the open and the closed positions in the area defined by the slots.

References Cited by the Examner Y UNITED STATES PATENTS 2,651,181 9/1953 Alcorn et al. 61-63 2,8913 14 6/1959 Hornsby et al. 61--46.5 3,107,496 10/ 1963 Suderow 61-46.5

CHARLES E. OCONNELL, Primary Examiner.

JACOB SHAPIRO, EARL I. WITMER, Examiners.

Claims

1. IN A PILE DRIVING TEMPLATE, A LONGITUDINAL FRAME MEMBER, AT LEAST ONE PAIR OF SPACED PARALLEL FRAME MEMBERS SECURED TO THE LONGITUDINAL FRAME MEMBER AND EXTENDING LATERALLY THEREFROM, SAID PAIR OF FRAME MEMBERS DEFINING AN EGRESS OPENING AT THE END AWAY FROM SAID LONGITUDINAL FRAME MEMBER, A PLURALITY OF SPLIT COLLAR ASSEMBLIES MOUNTED BETWEEN THE MEMBERS OF THE SPACED PARALLEL PAIR OF FRAME MEMBERS, EACH OF THE SPLIT COLLAR ASSEMBLIES BEING FORMED IN AT LEAST TWO PARTS, ONE OF THE PARTS BEING CONNECTED TO ONE OF THE PAIR OF FRAME MEMBERS, THE OTHER PART BEING CONNECTED TO THE OTHER OF SAID PAIR OF FRAME MEMBERS, MEANS MOUNTED ON THE FRAME MEMBERS OPERATIVELY CONNECTED TO THE SPLIT COLLAR ASSEMBLIES FOR SHIFTING THE POSITION OF THE SPLIT COLLAR ASSEMBLIES RELATIVE TO THE FRAME MEMBERS TO DETERMINE THE PRECISE POSITION OF THE PILES TO BE DRIVEN THERETHROUGH.