US3229978A - Synthetic material bowling pin with uniform density - Google Patents

Synthetic material bowling pin with uniform density Download PDF

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Publication number
US3229978A
US3229978A US155607A US15560761A US3229978A US 3229978 A US3229978 A US 3229978A US 155607 A US155607 A US 155607A US 15560761 A US15560761 A US 15560761A US 3229978 A US3229978 A US 3229978A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
pin
bowling
specific gravity
resin
pins
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US155607A
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English (en)
Inventor
Sr Richard J Guglielmo
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
POLY CHEM DEV CORP
POLY-CHEM DEVELOPMENT CORP
Original Assignee
POLY CHEM DEV CORP
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority to BE625399D priority Critical patent/BE625399A/xx
Priority to NL285904D priority patent/NL285904A/xx
Application filed by POLY CHEM DEV CORP filed Critical POLY CHEM DEV CORP
Priority to US155607A priority patent/US3229978A/en
Priority to FR916918A priority patent/FR1339499A/fr
Priority to DE19621453147 priority patent/DE1453147A1/de
Priority to GB45210/62A priority patent/GB988896A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3229978A publication Critical patent/US3229978A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
    • A63D—BOWLING GAMES, e.g. SKITTLES, BOCCE OR BOWLS; INSTALLATIONS THEREFOR; BAGATELLE OR SIMILAR GAMES; BILLIARDS
    • A63D9/00—Pins
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S273/00—Amusement devices: games
    • Y10S273/07—Glass fiber
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S273/00—Amusement devices: games
    • Y10S273/08—Urethane
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S273/00—Amusement devices: games
    • Y10S273/11—Acetal

Definitions

  • This invention relates to bowling pins 'and more particularly to plastic bowling pins having improved life characteristics while duplicating all desirable physical characteristics of the wooden bowling pins traditionally utilized throughout the bowling industry including rebound and sound as well as comparable weight.
  • bowling pins manufactured of wood have normally been made of a single solid piece of silver maple wood or laminated pieces of silver maple wood which has been aged for a number of years and then kiln dried.
  • the single piece of laminated wooden preforms are carefully turned to near specification diameters throughout their length and then finely polished and accurately finished. Because of variation in grain and wood density from point to point, the finished laminated pin structure may be unbalanced in that its center of gravity may not coincide with the pin axis and/or may be located at an inappropriate distance above the pin base.
  • no two wooden pins can possibly be exactly alike.
  • pin certifying organizations to establish pin standards with substantial tolerances. For instance, the classic wooden pin of the bowling industry weighs between three pounds, two ounces and three pounds, ten ounces. Further tolerance is given in the location of the center of gravity, being specified at a maximum of 5 inches and minimum of 5 inches above the base of the pin.
  • an improved bowling pin can be fabricated so as to exhibit excellent shock absorbing characteristics while possessing extremely high longitudinally oriented impact strength.
  • the bowling pin of this invention comprises a lower body portion 10, a neck portion 12 and a head portion 14 of main pin form 16 hearing outer shell or skin portion 18.
  • the main pin form 16 may be comprised of a cast plastic material formed by the polymerization of a suitable thermosetting resin.
  • the pin form 16 must be strong, tough and rigid and, during curing, must exhibit controllable shrinkage.
  • an outer skin 18 also formed of a thermosetting resin and preferably the same resin as the thermosetting resin of the cast pin form 16 or a resin compound physically and chemically compatible with said cast pin form.
  • This outer skin is reinforced, particularly in a longitudinal or axial direction, by fibrous filling material such as discontinuous or staple glass fibers.
  • Continuous glass fibers may be employed in the form of mats fabricated as by swirling the endless filaments or strands of continuous fibers, or they may be chopped or cut to shorter lengths for mat or batt formation.
  • the specific gravity of the pin form material is important in establish ing (for given thermosetting materials), the finished weight of the pin.
  • regulation bowling pins weight between three pounds, two ounces and three pounds, ten ounces.
  • a thermosetting resin having a normal specific gravity of 1.17
  • fillers having for example a specific gravity of .25 to .30
  • the specific gravity of the outer skin approximated the 1.17 specific gravity of the thermosetting resin without filler, yielding a desired overall specific gravity for the pin of 0.765.
  • thermoplastics which can normally be molded by blow molding, injection molding and slush molding techniques, are difficult to utilize in the context of the heavy molded section of a bowling pin.
  • molding reproducibility with thermoplastics is poor and heat control is critical and difiicult to maintain and control. Too much heat results in charring While too little heat results in poor flow characteristics.
  • thermosetting resins Of the common thermosetting resins, olyesters have shown good flexibility and hardness characteristics and good moldability in the context of bowling pin manufacture but such plastics exhibit relatively poor bounce and sound characteristics as compared to the classic wooden pin.
  • the epoxy resins have generally poor molding and finishing characteristics and, without modifiers, become extremely brittle.
  • the epoxies have good bounce characteristics but have high specific gravities and poor sound characteristics. Phenolics, like epoxies, are normally too brittle for high impact applications and for absorbing shock.
  • a bowling pin can be economically manufactured of any desired weight and reaction to impact by the bowling ball depending upon the choice of resin and filler materials employed in pin form 16.
  • pin form 16 is formed of a thermosetting resin. It is essential that the exotherm of this material be relatively low and controllable whereby the molding of the thick pin portions can be successfully carried out without improper material flow, heat patterns or material charring.
  • Thermosetting materials which have been found to be exceptionally suitable for fabricating the pin form and coating of the bowling pin of the present invention are the resins formed as a result of catalytic plymerization of unsaturated cyclic acetal monomers.
  • Such monomers include (but are not limited to): 3,9-dialkenylspirobi (meta-dioxane) including 3,9-divinyl-spirobi (meta-dioxane) or diallylidene-pentaerythritol and 3,9- dipropenyl-spirobi (meta-dioxane) or dicrotonylidenepentaerythritol; and -ethyl S-hydroxymethyl 2-propenyl omers are the condensation derivatives of crotonaldehyde and pentaerythritol.
  • the weightcompensating resin filler should be a material of substantially lower specific gravity which will not in any way interfere with or affect the superior strength, rebound and sound characteristics of the resin.
  • the preferred filler material is a particulate phenolic resin supplied in the form of minute hollow spheres. Such spheres, termed Microballoons (trademark), may have a specific gravity of about 0.25 to about 0.30 and are incorporated directly into the liquid resin whereby (when the resin-Microballoon materials are in proper proportion) the composition yields.
  • a pin of suitable physical characteristics and which meets the weight requirements of the American Bowling Congress. Proper weight may be derived from a resin mixture as set forth in the following example:
  • Microballoon filler material in amounts of between about 15 parts by weight to about 40 parts by wei ht for parts by weight of A-stage resin yield pin forming compositions of proper weight.
  • Weight compensating filler spheres similar to Micro- 'balloon spheres, may also be formed of glass.
  • the bowling pin of this invention may be fabricated with an outer shell 18 for added impact strength, particularly in the neck area 12 and the. high impact band about the pin body portion 10.
  • Such shell is preferably composed of the same thermosetting resin material utilized in the pin form 16, but without weight reducing fillers and appropriately reinforced by strong longitudinally oriented fibrous material such as glass fibers.
  • the outer shell or skin 18 may be 80 to 300 mils thick or more or less as desired and is also intimately united with the pin form 16 at the interface of such shell and pin form. Titanium dioxide may be added to adjust the final whiteness of the pin. Other coloring agents may be utilized as desired. Proper coloring of the outer shell or skin 18 has been derived from a resin mixture as set forth in the following example:
  • a relatively thin final protective coating of urethane may be applied to pin shell 18.
  • the urethane coating reacts with any free hydroxyl groups that arepresent on the cured cross-linked A-stage resin to form a truly intimate chemical-mechanical bond therewith.
  • the base of the pin of this invention may be provided with a recess of appropriate character and dimensions so that the pin will receive the pin or peg of the well-known pin setting devices.
  • a synthetic bowling pin of standard size and shape having improved rebound, impact and sound characteristics comprising a molded body defining said pin and formed of the cured condensation product of a liquid cyclic acetal based A-stage thermosetting resin in which there is uniformly dispersed a quantity of weight compensating relatively low specific gravity discrete, hollow, spherical particles, said pin having a substantially uniform density throughout and a specific gravity Within certified bowling pin specifications.
  • a synthetic bowling pin of standard size and shape having improved rebound, impact and sound characteristics comprising: a molded body portion defining said pin including a substantially uniform dispersion of discrete, hollow, spherical particles in a quantity of the cured condensation product of a liquid cyclic acetal base-d A-stage thermosetting resin having a higher specific gravity than the particles, said body portion having a substantially uniform density throughout and a specific gravity within certified bowling pin specifications; and a relatively thin shell portion intimately surrounding and bonded to said body portion and formed of said cured cyclic acetal based A-stage thermosetting resin.
  • a synthetic bowling pin of standard size and shape having improved rebound, impact and sound characteristics comprising a molded body defining said pin including a substantially uniform dispersion of discrete, hollow, spherical phenolic particles having a specific gravity of between 0.25 and 0.30 in the cured condensation product of a liquid cyclic acetal based A-stage thermosetting resin, said resin having a specific gravity greater than the specific gravity of said pin, said pin being of substantially uniform density, and said particles being dispersed in said cured resin in an amount sufficient whereby said pin has a specific gravity of between 0.68 and 0.79.

Landscapes

  • Diaphragms For Electromechanical Transducers (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
  • Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
  • Polymerisation Methods In General (AREA)
US155607A 1961-11-29 1961-11-29 Synthetic material bowling pin with uniform density Expired - Lifetime US3229978A (en)

Priority Applications (6)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
BE625399D BE625399A (is") 1961-11-29
NL285904D NL285904A (is") 1961-11-29
US155607A US3229978A (en) 1961-11-29 1961-11-29 Synthetic material bowling pin with uniform density
FR916918A FR1339499A (fr) 1961-11-29 1962-11-28 Quille perfectionnée pour jeu de bowling
DE19621453147 DE1453147A1 (de) 1961-11-29 1962-11-28 Kegel aus Kunststoff
GB45210/62A GB988896A (en) 1961-11-29 1962-11-29 Improved bowling pin

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US155607A US3229978A (en) 1961-11-29 1961-11-29 Synthetic material bowling pin with uniform density

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3229978A true US3229978A (en) 1966-01-18

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ID=22556097

Family Applications (1)

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US155607A Expired - Lifetime US3229978A (en) 1961-11-29 1961-11-29 Synthetic material bowling pin with uniform density

Country Status (6)

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US (1) US3229978A (is")
BE (1) BE625399A (is")
DE (1) DE1453147A1 (is")
FR (1) FR1339499A (is")
GB (1) GB988896A (is")
NL (1) NL285904A (is")

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4461478A (en) * 1982-06-14 1984-07-24 Ebonite International, Inc. Bowling ball and method of manufacture
US4793614A (en) * 1987-11-12 1988-12-27 The W-L Molding Company Plastic bowling pin
US4819608A (en) * 1987-08-24 1989-04-11 Hoyt/Easton Archery Co. Archery bow limb constructed of syntactic foam
US5354239A (en) * 1989-01-09 1994-10-11 Mueller-Perry Co., Inc. Bowling pin with interlocking shell to form core and base
US5630762A (en) * 1989-01-09 1997-05-20 Mueller-Perry Co., Inc. Method of making a bowling pin having expanded copolymer core
US20030109317A1 (en) * 2000-11-10 2003-06-12 Tejima Yasuo Plastic bowling pin and a method for manufacturing the same
US20040110582A1 (en) * 2002-08-21 2004-06-10 Kennedy Thomas J. Sport ball with self-contained inflation mechanism having pressure indication
US20070015596A1 (en) * 2005-02-08 2007-01-18 Sebastian Jager Pin for bowling and ninepins

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS4824576U (is") * 1971-07-28 1973-03-22

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1620310A (en) * 1922-03-27 1927-03-08 Brunswickbalke Collender Compa Bowling pin
US2909506A (en) * 1956-07-10 1959-10-20 Union Carbide Corp Modified acrolein-pentaerythritol resins
US2944821A (en) * 1957-11-20 1960-07-12 Modern Plastics Res And Sales Plastic articles of controlled specific gravity having a wear-resistant outer surface and method of preparing the same
US3012987A (en) * 1957-04-08 1961-12-12 Du Pont Coating composition comprising a blend of polyurethane reaction products
US3022273A (en) * 1959-03-12 1962-02-20 Union Carbide Corp Process for improving the color of resins produced from acrolein and pentaerythritol
US3037771A (en) * 1959-04-27 1962-06-05 Evelyn M Gambino Plastic bowling pins
US3147975A (en) * 1960-05-23 1964-09-08 American Mach & Foundry Bowling pin

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1620310A (en) * 1922-03-27 1927-03-08 Brunswickbalke Collender Compa Bowling pin
US2909506A (en) * 1956-07-10 1959-10-20 Union Carbide Corp Modified acrolein-pentaerythritol resins
US3012987A (en) * 1957-04-08 1961-12-12 Du Pont Coating composition comprising a blend of polyurethane reaction products
US2944821A (en) * 1957-11-20 1960-07-12 Modern Plastics Res And Sales Plastic articles of controlled specific gravity having a wear-resistant outer surface and method of preparing the same
US3022273A (en) * 1959-03-12 1962-02-20 Union Carbide Corp Process for improving the color of resins produced from acrolein and pentaerythritol
US3037771A (en) * 1959-04-27 1962-06-05 Evelyn M Gambino Plastic bowling pins
US3147975A (en) * 1960-05-23 1964-09-08 American Mach & Foundry Bowling pin

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4461478A (en) * 1982-06-14 1984-07-24 Ebonite International, Inc. Bowling ball and method of manufacture
US4819608A (en) * 1987-08-24 1989-04-11 Hoyt/Easton Archery Co. Archery bow limb constructed of syntactic foam
US4793614A (en) * 1987-11-12 1988-12-27 The W-L Molding Company Plastic bowling pin
US5354239A (en) * 1989-01-09 1994-10-11 Mueller-Perry Co., Inc. Bowling pin with interlocking shell to form core and base
US5630762A (en) * 1989-01-09 1997-05-20 Mueller-Perry Co., Inc. Method of making a bowling pin having expanded copolymer core
US20030109317A1 (en) * 2000-11-10 2003-06-12 Tejima Yasuo Plastic bowling pin and a method for manufacturing the same
US6790401B2 (en) * 2000-11-10 2004-09-14 Tejima Yasuo Method for manufacturing a bowling pin
US20040110582A1 (en) * 2002-08-21 2004-06-10 Kennedy Thomas J. Sport ball with self-contained inflation mechanism having pressure indication
US7033292B2 (en) 2002-08-21 2006-04-25 Russell Asset Management, Inc. Sport ball with self-contained inflation mechanism having pressure indication
US20070015596A1 (en) * 2005-02-08 2007-01-18 Sebastian Jager Pin for bowling and ninepins

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR1339499A (fr) 1963-10-04
GB988896A (en) 1965-04-14
DE1453147A1 (de) 1968-12-19
BE625399A (is")
NL285904A (is")

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