US322882A - Thomas geaham young - Google Patents
Thomas geaham young Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US322882A US322882A US322882DA US322882A US 322882 A US322882 A US 322882A US 322882D A US322882D A US 322882DA US 322882 A US322882 A US 322882A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- young
- acid
- solution
- thomas
- geaham
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 20
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 14
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 12
- 239000002657 fibrous material Substances 0.000 description 10
- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 description 10
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 6
- 159000000011 group IA salts Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(O)=O MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbonic acid Chemical compound OC(O)=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 241001148717 Lygeum spartum Species 0.000 description 4
- 235000008331 Pinus X rigitaeda Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 235000011613 Pinus brutia Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 241000018646 Pinus brutia Species 0.000 description 4
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- IOVCWXUNBOPUCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrous acid Chemical compound ON=O IOVCWXUNBOPUCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229940116315 Oxalic Acid Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 229920001131 Pulp (paper) Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+]([O-])=O NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IOVCWXUNBOPUCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M nitrite anion Chemical compound [O-]N=O IOVCWXUNBOPUCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 235000006408 oxalic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000001590 oxidative Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000011121 sodium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000005418 vegetable material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 2
Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21C—PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE BY REMOVING NON-CELLULOSE SUBSTANCES FROM CELLULOSE-CONTAINING MATERIALS; REGENERATION OF PULPING LIQUORS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- D21C3/00—Pulping cellulose-containing materials
- D21C3/04—Pulping cellulose-containing materials with acids, acid salts or acid anhydrides
- D21C3/16—Pulping cellulose-containing materials with acids, acid salts or acid anhydrides nitrogen oxides; nitric acid nitrates, nitrites
Definitions
- the invention relates to the treatment of wood, esparto grass, straw, and other vegeta- Jole substances which are capable of yielding fibers suitable for making paper and for other useful applications, and the object is to remove t-he resinous or other matters associated with the fibers by means of new and advantageous processes.
- nitric acid or nitrous acid is used for the purposein view, and the materials are subsequently treated with an alkali or alkaline earth or an alkaline salt.
- the wood or other fibrous material is placed in a suitable vessel or boiler, and a solution of the acid is added in quantity sufficient to cover the wood or other fibrous material.
- the strength of the solution will require to be varied in different cases, but in treating ordinary pine wood the solution may contain about twenty per centum of acid having a specific gravity of about 1.1.
- the action of the acid is aided by heat,which may be applied so as to raise the temperature within the vessel or boiler to about the boil ing-point of the solution.
- the vessel or boiler is connected by a pipe or pipes to a condenser in such a way that liquefiable vapors arising from the solution may be condensed and returned to the vessel or boiler.
- the solution is run off, and adhering acid can be removed by washing or otherwise.
- the partly-treated fibrous materials are next placed in a suitable vessel or boiler to be treated with an alkali or akaline earth or alkaline salt.
- a suitable solution contains about five per centum, by weight, of caustic soda for the original weight of the wood.
- this alkaline solution the fibrous materials are kept at a boiling temperature, or nearly so, for about thirty minutes under atmospheric pressure, or a higher pressure may be used, in which case less time will be required.
- the fibrous materials are reduced to a pulp by the hereinbefore described processes, and may be washed and bleached, and afterward dealt with like ordinary pulp.
- the spent soda solution may be treated in the ordinary way for recovering the soda.
- the acid used in the first part of the process may be formed in the vessel or boiler by acting on a nitrate or a nitrite with an acid or acid salt, and the presence of small quantities of other acids or of other impurities will not prevent the desired action from taking place.
- the gaseous oxides of nitrogen resulting from the oxidizing action on the matters associated with the vegetable substance may be recovered by leading them from the condensers to a tower, in which they are acted on by air'and steam.
- the acid solution may be used for acting on two or more successive charges of vegetable materials, and when exhausted or much contaminated with foreign matters it may be subjected to distillation, whereby a large portion of the acid may be recovered so as to be usable over again.
- the residue in the still will contain some oxalicacid and some nitric acid, both of which may be recovered.
Landscapes
- Paper (AREA)
Description
UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.
THOMAS GRAHAM YOUNG, OF DURRIS, AND JOHN PETTIGREVV, OF DINSIDE, COUNTY OF KINOARDINE, SCOTLAND.
TREATING VEGETABLE SUBSTANCES FOR MAKING PAPER-PULP.
SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 322,882, dated July 21, 1885. Application filed March 6, 1855. (No specimens.) Patented in England November 8, 1884, No. 14,735, and November 14, 1884,N0.
14,988, and in Canada April 29, 1885, No. 21,563.
To all whom it may concern:
Be it known that we, TEOMAS GRAHAM YOUNG, of Durris, and J OHN PETTIGREW, of Dinside, both in the county of Kincardine, Scotland, and subjects of the Queen of Great Britain and Ireland, have invented certain Improvements in Treating Vegetable Substances in Order to Obtain Pulp for Making Paper and other Useful Applications, (for which we have applied for patents in Great Britain, dated November 8, 1884, No. 14,7 35, and dated November 14, 1884:, No. 14,988,) of which the following is a specification.
The invention relates to the treatment of wood, esparto grass, straw, and other vegeta- Jole substances which are capable of yielding fibers suitable for making paper and for other useful applications, and the object is to remove t-he resinous or other matters associated with the fibers by means of new and advantageous processes.
'In carrying out the invention, nitric acid or nitrous acid is used for the purposein view, and the materials are subsequently treated with an alkali or alkaline earth or an alkaline salt. The wood or other fibrous material is placed in a suitable vessel or boiler, and a solution of the acid is added in quantity sufficient to cover the wood or other fibrous material. The strength of the solution will require to be varied in different cases, but in treating ordinary pine wood the solution may contain about twenty per centum of acid having a specific gravity of about 1.1. The action of the acid is aided by heat,which may be applied so as to raise the temperature within the vessel or boiler to about the boil ing-point of the solution. The vessel or boiler is connected by a pipe or pipes to a condenser in such a way that liquefiable vapors arising from the solution may be condensed and returned to the vessel or boiler. The
time during which the boiling should continue will vary with the various vegetable substances treated, about forty minutes being a suitable time for ordinary pine wood,
while a shorter time is sufficient for esparto grass.
When the boiling operation is completed, the solution, is run off, and adhering acid can be removed by washing or otherwise. The partly-treated fibrous materials are next placed in a suitable vessel or boiler to be treated with an alkali or akaline earth or alkaline salt. As an example, it may be stated that for treating wood a suitable solution contains about five per centum, by weight, of caustic soda for the original weight of the wood. In this alkaline solution the fibrous materials are kept at a boiling temperature, or nearly so, for about thirty minutes under atmospheric pressure, or a higher pressure may be used, in which case less time will be required.
The fibrous materials are reduced to a pulp by the hereinbefore described processes, and may be washed and bleached, and afterward dealt with like ordinary pulp.
The spent soda solution may be treated in the ordinary way for recovering the soda.
The acid used in the first part of the process may be formed in the vessel or boiler by acting on a nitrate or a nitrite with an acid or acid salt, and the presence of small quantities of other acids or of other impurities will not prevent the desired action from taking place.
The gaseous oxides of nitrogen resulting from the oxidizing action on the matters associated with the vegetable substance may be recovered by leading them from the condensers to a tower, in which they are acted on by air'and steam.
The acid solution may be used for acting on two or more successive charges of vegetable materials, and when exhausted or much contaminated with foreign matters it may be subjected to distillation, whereby a large portion of the acid may be recovered so as to be usable over again. The residue in the still will contain some oxalicacid and some nitric acid, both of which may be recovered.
What we claim as our invention is- 1. The treatment of vegetable substances In testimony whereof We have signed our capable of yielding fibers suitable for papernames to this specification in the presence of making and other purposes with a solution two subscribing Witnesses. of nitric or nitrous acid, substantially as and 5 for the purposes hereinbefore described. T. GRAHAM YOUNG.
2. The combination of the process forming JOHN PETTIGREW. the subjectmatter of the preceding claim with the subsequent treatment of the product WVitnesses: thereby obtained With a solution of an alkali EDMUND HUNT,
IO or alkaline earth or alkaline salt, substantial- D. FERGUSON.
1y as hereinbefore described.
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US322882A true US322882A (en) | 1885-07-21 |
Family
ID=2392016
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US322882D Expired - Lifetime US322882A (en) | Thomas geaham young |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US322882A (en) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2733992A (en) * | 1956-02-07 | reyerson | ||
US4652341A (en) * | 1980-08-07 | 1987-03-24 | Prior Eric S | Accelerated pulping process |
-
0
- US US322882D patent/US322882A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2733992A (en) * | 1956-02-07 | reyerson | ||
US4652341A (en) * | 1980-08-07 | 1987-03-24 | Prior Eric S | Accelerated pulping process |
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