US3220310A - Breech closure for firearms - Google Patents

Breech closure for firearms Download PDF

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Publication number
US3220310A
US3220310A US363081A US36308164A US3220310A US 3220310 A US3220310 A US 3220310A US 363081 A US363081 A US 363081A US 36308164 A US36308164 A US 36308164A US 3220310 A US3220310 A US 3220310A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
lever
pivotal connection
block
linkage means
closure
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US363081A
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English (en)
Inventor
Eder Josef
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Erma-Werke Waffen- und Maschinenfabrik GmbH
Original Assignee
Erma-Werke Waffen- und Maschinenfabrik GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Erma-Werke Waffen- und Maschinenfabrik GmbH filed Critical Erma-Werke Waffen- und Maschinenfabrik GmbH
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3220310A publication Critical patent/US3220310A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41A—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS COMMON TO BOTH SMALLARMS AND ORDNANCE, e.g. CANNONS; MOUNTINGS FOR SMALLARMS OR ORDNANCE
    • F41A3/00—Breech mechanisms, e.g. locks
    • F41A3/12—Bolt action, i.e. the main breech opening movement being parallel to the barrel axis
    • F41A3/36—Semi-rigid bolt locks, i.e. having locking elements movably mounted on the bolt or on the barrel or breech housing
    • F41A3/50—Toggle-joint locks, e.g. crank-operated

Definitions

  • the toggle linkage is in its straightened condition when the breech block is in its closing position, the rear pivot point of the rear toggle being carried by a movable accommodating part connected to the barrel.
  • this part carries along the toggle linkage, still straightened at first in this condition until clamping projections, arranged at the joint between the two toggles, bring the toggle linkage into the collapsed condition as a result of their meeting fixed abutment surfaces on the weapon, for example on the butt of the pistol, thereby to tension the closure spring.
  • An object of this invention is to provide an improved toggle closure which overcomes the above drawbacks.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide a toggle breech closure for weapons of the kind indicated which will function even with the smaller gas pressure which results from the use of a smaller bullet calibre (for example .22 calibre) and with the correspondingly small mass breech block.
  • the breech block is coupled to the closure spring through a toggle system comprising a rear toggle which is mounted on the casing or body of the weapon itself, for example on the butt of the pistol, and it is arranged that the toggle linkage shall still not have reached a straightened dead position when the breech block is in its closing position.
  • the rear toggle can be in the form of a bellcrank lever and have its free arm coupled to the closure spring.
  • FIGURE 1 schematically indicates in full lines the weapon closure system with the breech block in its closed position.
  • FIGURE 2 schematically illustrates the same with breech block open.
  • FIGURE 3 illustrates in more detail a weapon incorporating the system of the invention.
  • the toggle linkage weapon closure here depicted as applied to a pistol, comprises a front lever 2 which is pivotally connected to the breech block or chamber 1 at 1a, and a rear bellcrank lever 3.
  • the two levers are pivotally coupled at 3a.
  • the breech block 1 is slidably guided in the usual fashion on the body of the weapon and carries an extractor 6, a firing pin 7 with a spring 9, and an ejector 8 (FIGURE 3).
  • the bellcrank lever 3 is pivotally mounted at 3b on the butt 5 of the pistol, and is thus able to perform rocking movements during the forward and rearward travel of the block 1, but is unable to move in the same direction as this block.
  • the toggle linkage 2, 3 When the breech block 1 is in the closed position illustrated in FIGURE 1, that is to say is applied against the barrel mouth or cartridge mounting 5a, the toggle linkage 2, 3 is in its closure or extended position but not a straightened dead position because the pivot point 3a remains above the line I-I joining the two pivot points 1a, 3b (see FIGURE 1).
  • the closing spring element 4 which has only been diagrammatically represented and is of a known form, is pivoted to the free end of the bellcrank lever 3 at 30 and bears, on the other hand, against the butt 5 of the weapon at 512.
  • the free arm of bellcrank lever 3 is, in this position, arranged so that the force of the closure spring element 4 acts substantially at right angles on the lever arm 3b, 3c.
  • the pistol illustrated is used in conventional fashion.
  • a magazine containing cartridges arranged one on top of the other is placed in the butt of the pistol.
  • the toggle is retracted, and on release the chamber or breech block moves forward under the action of the closing spring element 4 and takes the upper cartridge out of the magazine and inserts it into the cartridge mounting in the barrel.
  • the striking pin is released by actuating the trigger and fires the first cartridge.
  • the resultant evolution of gas pushes the breech block back and produces the toggling action described above in which the toggle linkage is moved to the retracted position thereof.
  • the empty cartridge case is at this time extracted and ejected.
  • the forward and return movements of the chamber are performed automatically as the trigger is actuated.
  • a firearm comprising a body, a barrel in said body having a mouth, a breech block slidably mounted on said body adjacent the mouth of said barrel, toggle linkage (means connected to said block and to said body and having extended and retracted positions for moving the breech block respectively between closed and open positions, and closure spring means connected to said linkage means and urging the latter to its extended position
  • said toggle linkage means comprising a front lever having a pivotal connection with said block, and a bellcrank lever pivotally connected to said front lever and having a pivotal connection with said body, the pivotal connection between the bellcrank lever and the front lever being disposed above a line joining the pivotal connection between the front lever and block and the pivotal connection between the bellcrank lever and the body when the linkage means is in extended position, the pivotal connection between the front lever and the bellcrank lever moving upwardly and away from said line as the linkage means moves to its retracted position, said closure spring means pivotally bearing against said body and having pivotal connection with the bellcrank
  • a firearm comprising a body, a barrel in said body having a mouth, a breech block slidably mounted on said body adjacent the mouth of said barrel, toggle linkage means connected to said block and to said body and having extended and retracted positions for moving the breech block respectively between closed and open positions, and closure spring means connected to said linkage means and urging the latter to its extended position
  • said toggle linkage means comprising a V-shaped bellcrank lever having first and second arms each with a remote end, said bellcrank lever being pivotally connected to said body at a location between the ends of the arms, a front lever having one end pivotally connected to the block and an opposite end pivotally connected to the end of one of the arms of the bellcrank lever, the latter pivotal connection being disposed above a line joining the pivotal connection between the front lever and the block with the pivotal connection between the bellcrank lever and the body when the linkage means is in extended position, the pivotal connection between the bellcrank lever and the front lever moving upwardly and away from said line as the link
  • a firearm comprising a body, a barrel in said body having a mouth, a breech block slidably mounted on said body adjacent the mouth of said barrel, toggle linkage means connected to said block and to said body and having extended and retracted positions for moving the breech block respectively between closed and open positions, and closure spring means connected to said linkage means and urging the latter to its extended position
  • said toggle linkage means comprising a V-shaped bellcrank lever having first and second arms each with a remote end, pivotal means pivotally connecting the bellcrank lever to the body at a location between the ends of the arms, and front lever means pivotally connected to said block and to the bellcrank lever at the end of one of the arms thereof for pivotally moving the bellcrank lever about said body against the action of said spring means when the breech block is moved from closed to open position
  • said closure spring means pivotally bearing against said body and having pivotal connection with the end of the other of the arms of the bellcrank lever, said closure spring means extending along a line joining the location where it

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Toys (AREA)
US363081A 1963-11-19 1964-04-28 Breech closure for firearms Expired - Lifetime US3220310A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DEE0025885 1963-11-19

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3220310A true US3220310A (en) 1965-11-30

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Family Applications (1)

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US363081A Expired - Lifetime US3220310A (en) 1963-11-19 1964-04-28 Breech closure for firearms

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US (1) US3220310A (US20110009641A1-20110113-C00185.png)
AT (1) AT243133B (US20110009641A1-20110113-C00185.png)
BE (1) BE643511A (US20110009641A1-20110113-C00185.png)
CH (1) CH417403A (US20110009641A1-20110113-C00185.png)
NL (1) NL6405275A (US20110009641A1-20110113-C00185.png)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2018130922A1 (en) * 2017-01-10 2018-07-19 Shamrai Viktor Locking mechanism of a slide of a weapon

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1184065A (en) * 1914-02-02 1916-05-23 Hugo Borchardt Breech mechanism for automatic firearms.
GB325154A (en) * 1929-03-25 1930-02-13 Karl Heinemann A safety device for automatic firearms

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1184065A (en) * 1914-02-02 1916-05-23 Hugo Borchardt Breech mechanism for automatic firearms.
GB325154A (en) * 1929-03-25 1930-02-13 Karl Heinemann A safety device for automatic firearms

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2018130922A1 (en) * 2017-01-10 2018-07-19 Shamrai Viktor Locking mechanism of a slide of a weapon

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
BE643511A (US20110009641A1-20110113-C00185.png) 1964-05-29
NL6405275A (US20110009641A1-20110113-C00185.png) 1965-05-20
AT243133B (de) 1965-10-25
CH417403A (de) 1966-07-15

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