US3216507A - Adjustable pitch propeller - Google Patents

Adjustable pitch propeller Download PDF

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US3216507A
US3216507A US418089A US41808964A US3216507A US 3216507 A US3216507 A US 3216507A US 418089 A US418089 A US 418089A US 41808964 A US41808964 A US 41808964A US 3216507 A US3216507 A US 3216507A
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annular
drive shaft
rotatable housing
blades
control arms
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US418089A
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Salvatore M Curioni
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63H—MARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING
    • B63H3/00—Propeller-blade pitch changing
    • B63H3/06—Propeller-blade pitch changing characterised by use of non-mechanical actuating means, e.g. electrical
    • B63H3/08—Propeller-blade pitch changing characterised by use of non-mechanical actuating means, e.g. electrical fluid
    • B63H3/081—Propeller-blade pitch changing characterised by use of non-mechanical actuating means, e.g. electrical fluid actuated by control element coaxial with the propeller shaft
    • B63H3/082—Propeller-blade pitch changing characterised by use of non-mechanical actuating means, e.g. electrical fluid actuated by control element coaxial with the propeller shaft the control element being axially reciprocatable
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63H—MARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING
    • B63H3/00—Propeller-blade pitch changing
    • B63H3/06—Propeller-blade pitch changing characterised by use of non-mechanical actuating means, e.g. electrical
    • B63H3/08—Propeller-blade pitch changing characterised by use of non-mechanical actuating means, e.g. electrical fluid
    • B63H3/081—Propeller-blade pitch changing characterised by use of non-mechanical actuating means, e.g. electrical fluid actuated by control element coaxial with the propeller shaft
    • B63H3/082—Propeller-blade pitch changing characterised by use of non-mechanical actuating means, e.g. electrical fluid actuated by control element coaxial with the propeller shaft the control element being axially reciprocatable
    • B63H2003/084—Propeller-blade pitch changing characterised by use of non-mechanical actuating means, e.g. electrical fluid actuated by control element coaxial with the propeller shaft the control element being axially reciprocatable with annular cylinder and piston
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63H—MARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING
    • B63H3/00—Propeller-blade pitch changing
    • B63H3/06—Propeller-blade pitch changing characterised by use of non-mechanical actuating means, e.g. electrical
    • B63H3/08—Propeller-blade pitch changing characterised by use of non-mechanical actuating means, e.g. electrical fluid
    • B63H3/081—Propeller-blade pitch changing characterised by use of non-mechanical actuating means, e.g. electrical fluid actuated by control element coaxial with the propeller shaft
    • B63H3/082—Propeller-blade pitch changing characterised by use of non-mechanical actuating means, e.g. electrical fluid actuated by control element coaxial with the propeller shaft the control element being axially reciprocatable
    • B63H2003/085—Propeller-blade pitch changing characterised by use of non-mechanical actuating means, e.g. electrical fluid actuated by control element coaxial with the propeller shaft the control element being axially reciprocatable the control element having means for preventing rotation together with the propeller

Definitions

  • This invention relates to propeller devices and more particularly to adjustable pitch blade propellers for use on boat outboard motors.
  • propeller blades for driving a vehicle through a fluid should have a low pitch for providing maximum force to the vehicle for acceleration.
  • the blade pitch should be increased to reduce engine r.m.p. while maintaining the vehicle speed. It is apparent, then, that the pitch of the propeller blades need be varied in relation to the vehicle motion and therefore must be controllable through suitable mechanism while the craft is in motion, preferably from a location remote from the engine, such as near the operator.
  • Variable pitch propellers for aircraft and certain marine vessels while known in the art, have generally been complex and consequently expensive mechanisms. Such devices, therefore, are not suitable for application to outboard engine marine vehicles because of prohibitive cost, Weight and reliabilityv Accordingly, it is an object of the present invention to provide an adjustable pitch propeller apparatus for use on boat outboard motors which may be used to change the blade pitch according to the varying boat speed and load.
  • FIGURE 1 is an elevational View of a boat stern having an outboard motor attached thereto for use with a variable pitch propeller apparatus;
  • FIGURE 2 is a sectional elevation view of a variable pitch propeller apparatus
  • FIGURE 3 is a plan view of the variable pitch propeller apparatus of FIGURES 1 and 2 shown in a low-pitch position;
  • FIGURE 4 is a plan view of the variable pitch propeller apparatus of FIGURES l and 2 shown in a high-pitch position;
  • FIGURE 5 is a sectional end view of a variable pitch propeller apparatus
  • FIGURE 6 is a sectional elevation view of a portion of the variable pitch propeller apparatus shown in FIG- URE 2 in the high-pitch position;
  • FIGURE 7 is a plan view of the variable pitch propeller apparatus showing in detail the control elements.
  • FIGURE 1 there is shown a boat stern 20 to which is mounted an outboard motor 22.
  • a housing 24 depends from the engine housing 26 and contains a vertically disposed first drive shaft (not shown) which engages a horizontally disposed second drive shaft 28. The latter shaft extends into a fixed housing 30 connected to the depending housing 24 and is rotatable therein.
  • the fixed housing 30 comprises an outer wall 32 and an inner wall 34 defining an annular space 36.
  • a hydraulic or fluid line 40 is 3,216,507 Patented Nov. 9, 1965 connected to the outer wall 32 for pressurizing the space 36 upon actuation of a hydraulic piston control device (not shown) remotely mounted from the engine such as near the boat operator.
  • a piston 42 having sealing rings 43 is disposed in annular space 36 and adapted to slide rearwardly, upon application of hydraulic pressure, against a thrust bearing 44.
  • the thrust hearing has a rear or outer race 46 defining a plurality of sockets 48.
  • a rotatable housing 50 which is connected to shaft 28 through key 52 for rotation.
  • a space 54 may be sealed to prevent water from entering the chamber 56 by suitable means well known in the art.
  • the housing 50 has an outer wall 58 and an inner wall 60 connected by members 62.
  • a sealing plate 64 is threaded into the aft end of outer wall 58, and a hub 66 is threaded on the end of drive shaft 28 to secure the rotatable housing 50 in place.
  • the housing 50 forms a convex spherical bearing surface 68.
  • Blades 70 are secured to housing 50 by studs 72.
  • the studs 72 are mounted in base 74 of the blades and are rotatably secured in the housing 50 by a snap ring 76.
  • base 74 is formed as a concave spherical bearing surface for mating with the spherical bearing surface 68 formed by the rotatable housing.
  • the blades 70 rotate about the studs 72.
  • Studs 78 are secured in base 74 at a spaced apart location from the studs 72.
  • Control arms 80 each have a ball 82 which engages one of the sockets 48 and are disposed in chamber 56 for slidable translation therein.
  • the rearward end of each control arm 80 has an opening 84.
  • the housing 50 has slots 85, as seen in FIGURE 7, through which pass studs 72 which engage the openings 84 in control arms 80.
  • a plurality of compression springs 86 are disposed in chamber 56, each spring being mounted on one end over a guide pin 88.
  • variable pitch propeller apparatus is set in the low-pitch position, as shown in FIGURES 2 and 3 for accelerating the boat.
  • hydraulic pressure applied to annular space 36 displaces piston 42 and control arms 80 overcoming the bias of spring 86 and thereby rotating blades 70.
  • the operator may relieve the hydraulic pressure so that spring 86 forces piston 42 forwardly and the blades 70 are rotated into a high-pitch position as shown in FIGURES 4 and 6.
  • An adjustable pitch propeller apparatus for attachment to the drive shaft of a boat motor comprising:
  • each of said blades at a spaced apart location from (h) a plurality of control arms disposed within said said rotatable mountings, each of said pins depending rotatable housing and said fixed housing annular into said rotatable housing and engaging the other chamber, one end of each of said control arms having end of each of said control arms, whereby translaa ball engaging one of said thrust bearing sockets, tion of said control arms rotates said propeller blades (i) a plurality of pins, each of said pins depending so as to change the pitch of the blades, from said propeller blade bases at a spaced-apart 10- (i) means interconnecting said rotatable housing and ation from said rotatable mounting, each of aid the drive shaft, and pins engaging the other end of one of said control (j) resilient means for biasing said annular piston. arms, 2.
  • An adjustable pitch propeller apparatus for attach- (j) means for interconnecting said rotatable housing ment to the drive shaft of a boat motor comprising: with the drive
  • propeller blades each of said propeller blades having JULIUS E. WEST, Examiner.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
  • Hydraulic Motors (AREA)

Description

Nov. 9, 1965 s. M. CURIONI ADJUSTABLE PITCH PROPELLER 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 Filed Dec. 14, 1964 Nov. 9, 1965 s. M. CURIONI 3,216,507
ADJUSTABLE PITCH PROPELLER Filed Dec. 14. 1964 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 United States Patent 3,216,507 ADJUSTABLE PITCH PROPELLER Salvatore M. Curioni, 151 S. Sunset, Haysville, Kaus. Filed Dec. 14, 1964, Ser. No. 418,089 2 Claims. (Cl. 170160.32)
This invention relates to propeller devices and more particularly to adjustable pitch blade propellers for use on boat outboard motors.
It has long been known that propeller blades for driving a vehicle through a fluid should have a low pitch for providing maximum force to the vehicle for acceleration. At high vehicle speeds, however, the blade pitch should be increased to reduce engine r.m.p. while maintaining the vehicle speed. It is apparent, then, that the pitch of the propeller blades need be varied in relation to the vehicle motion and therefore must be controllable through suitable mechanism while the craft is in motion, preferably from a location remote from the engine, such as near the operator.
Variable pitch propellers for aircraft and certain marine vessels, while known in the art, have generally been complex and consequently expensive mechanisms. Such devices, therefore, are not suitable for application to outboard engine marine vehicles because of prohibitive cost, Weight and reliabilityv Accordingly, it is an object of the present invention to provide an adjustable pitch propeller apparatus for use on boat outboard motors which may be used to change the blade pitch according to the varying boat speed and load.
It is another object of the present invention to provide an adjustable pitch propeller apparatus for an outboard motor the blade position being hydraulically controlled from a remote location.
It is still another object of the present invention to provide an adjustable pitch propeller apparatus for an outboard motor in which the control arm for the blade position is biased to maintain a low blade pitch position.
For a better understanding of the invention, together with other and further objects thereof, reference should now be made to the following detailed description which is to be read in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in which:
FIGURE 1 is an elevational View of a boat stern having an outboard motor attached thereto for use with a variable pitch propeller apparatus;
FIGURE 2 is a sectional elevation view of a variable pitch propeller apparatus;
FIGURE 3 is a plan view of the variable pitch propeller apparatus of FIGURES 1 and 2 shown in a low-pitch position;
FIGURE 4 is a plan view of the variable pitch propeller apparatus of FIGURES l and 2 shown in a high-pitch position;
FIGURE 5 is a sectional end view of a variable pitch propeller apparatus;
FIGURE 6 is a sectional elevation view of a portion of the variable pitch propeller apparatus shown in FIG- URE 2 in the high-pitch position; and
FIGURE 7 is a plan view of the variable pitch propeller apparatus showing in detail the control elements.
Referring now to FIGURE 1, there is shown a boat stern 20 to which is mounted an outboard motor 22. A housing 24 depends from the engine housing 26 and contains a vertically disposed first drive shaft (not shown) which engages a horizontally disposed second drive shaft 28. The latter shaft extends into a fixed housing 30 connected to the depending housing 24 and is rotatable therein. As seen best in FIGURE 2, the fixed housing 30 comprises an outer wall 32 and an inner wall 34 defining an annular space 36. A hydraulic or fluid line 40 is 3,216,507 Patented Nov. 9, 1965 connected to the outer wall 32 for pressurizing the space 36 upon actuation of a hydraulic piston control device (not shown) remotely mounted from the engine such as near the boat operator. A piston 42 having sealing rings 43 is disposed in annular space 36 and adapted to slide rearwardly, upon application of hydraulic pressure, against a thrust bearing 44. The thrust hearing has a rear or outer race 46 defining a plurality of sockets 48.
Rearwardly adjacent the fixed housing 30 is a rotatable housing 50 which is connected to shaft 28 through key 52 for rotation. A space 54 may be sealed to prevent water from entering the chamber 56 by suitable means well known in the art. The housing 50 has an outer wall 58 and an inner wall 60 connected by members 62. A sealing plate 64 is threaded into the aft end of outer wall 58, and a hub 66 is threaded on the end of drive shaft 28 to secure the rotatable housing 50 in place. The housing 50 forms a convex spherical bearing surface 68. Blades 70 are secured to housing 50 by studs 72. The studs 72 are mounted in base 74 of the blades and are rotatably secured in the housing 50 by a snap ring 76. The under surface of base 74 is formed as a concave spherical bearing surface for mating with the spherical bearing surface 68 formed by the rotatable housing. The blades 70 rotate about the studs 72. Studs 78 are secured in base 74 at a spaced apart location from the studs 72.
Control arms 80 each have a ball 82 which engages one of the sockets 48 and are disposed in chamber 56 for slidable translation therein. The rearward end of each control arm 80 has an opening 84. The housing 50 has slots 85, as seen in FIGURE 7, through which pass studs 72 which engage the openings 84 in control arms 80.
A plurality of compression springs 86 are disposed in chamber 56, each spring being mounted on one end over a guide pin 88.
The variable pitch propeller apparatus is set in the low-pitch position, as shown in FIGURES 2 and 3 for accelerating the boat. In this position, hydraulic pressure applied to annular space 36 displaces piston 42 and control arms 80 overcoming the bias of spring 86 and thereby rotating blades 70. When the boat reaches cruising speed, the operator may relieve the hydraulic pressure so that spring 86 forces piston 42 forwardly and the blades 70 are rotated into a high-pitch position as shown in FIGURES 4 and 6.
While a particular embodiment of the present invention has been shown and described, it will be obvious to those skilled in the art that changes and modifications may be made without departing from the invention in its broader aspects. Accordingly, the aim in the appended claims is to cover all such changes and modifications as fall within the true spirit and scope of the invention.
I claim:
1. An adjustable pitch propeller apparatus for attachment to the drive shaft of a boat motor comprising:
(a) a first fixed annular wall surrounding a drive shaft of a boat motor,
(b) a second fixed annular wall spaced apart from said first wall and forming an annular hydraulic chamber therebetween,
(c) an annular piston slidably disposed in said hydraulic chamber,
((1) an annular thrust bearing slidably disposed in said hydraulic chamber adjacent said piston, said bearing having a plurality of sockets formed in one race,
(e) a rotatble housing surrounding said drive shaft adjacent said first and second fixed annular walls,
(f) a plurality of radially extending adjustable pitch propeller blades rotatably mounted on said rotatable housing,
(g) a plurality of control arms slidably disposed within 3 said rotatable housing and between said first and second walls, one end of each of said control arms having a ball engaging one of said sockets formed in said thrust bearing race,
(f) a plurality of radially extending adjustable pitch (g) said adjustable pitch propeller blade bases having concave spherical bearing undersurfaces, each of said blade bases rotatably mounted on said rotatable housing and engaging said convex spherical bearing (h) a plurality of pins, one of said pins mounted in 5 surface formed by said rotatable housing,
each of said blades at a spaced apart location from (h) a plurality of control arms disposed within said said rotatable mountings, each of said pins depending rotatable housing and said fixed housing annular into said rotatable housing and engaging the other chamber, one end of each of said control arms having end of each of said control arms, whereby translaa ball engaging one of said thrust bearing sockets, tion of said control arms rotates said propeller blades (i) a plurality of pins, each of said pins depending so as to change the pitch of the blades, from said propeller blade bases at a spaced-apart 10- (i) means interconnecting said rotatable housing and ation from said rotatable mounting, each of aid the drive shaft, and pins engaging the other end of one of said control (j) resilient means for biasing said annular piston. arms, 2. An adjustable pitch propeller apparatus for attach- (j) means for interconnecting said rotatable housing ment to the drive shaft of a boat motor comprising: with the drive shaft of a boat motor, and
( a fixed housing defining an annular hydraulic (k) resilient means for biasing said annular piston.
chamber and having a bore coaxial with said chamber and extending through said housing for receiving References Cited by the Examiner a drive shaft Of a boat motor. I UNITED STATES PATENTS Qgggggglggg shdably imposed Sald hy 1,802,808 4/31 De Narde 170l60.32 (c) an annular thrust bearing slidably disposed in said 2377457 6/45 t 170*160'37 X hydraulic chamber adjacent said piston, said bearing 3051249 8/62 Dlrhk 170 160'32 having a plurality of sockets formed in one race, 3056457 10/62 MwFarland 17O 160'32 X (d) a rotatable housing having a bore therethrough, 3,148,735 9/64 Mluer et 170 16O'32 coaxially aligned with the bore of said fixed housing FOREIGN PATENTS for receiving the drive shaft, (e) said rotatable housing forming a convex spherical 116880 9/45 Austraha;
bearing surface, 569,867 6/45 Great Brltaln.
SAMUEL LEVINE, Primary Examiner.
propeller blades, each of said propeller blades having JULIUS E. WEST, Examiner.
a base,

Claims (1)

1. AN ADJUSTABLE PITCH PROPELLER APPARATUS FOR ATTACHMENT TO THE DRIVE SHAFT OF A BOAT MOTOR COMPRISING: (A) A FIRST FIXED ANNULAR WALL SURROUNDING A DRIVE SHAFT OF A BOAT MOTOR, (B) A SECOND FIXED ANNULAR WALL SPACED APART FROM SAID FIRST WALL AND FORMING AN ANNULAR HYDRAULIC CHAMBER THEREBETWEEN, (C) AN ANNULAR PISTON SLIDABLY DISPOSED IN SAID HYDRUALIC CHAMBER, (D) AN ANNULAR THRUST BEARING SLIDABLY DISPOSED IN SAID HYDRAULIC CHAMBER ADJACENT SAID PISTON, SAID BEARING HAVING A PLURALITY OF SOCKETS FORMED IN ONE RACE, (E) A ROTATABLE HOUSING SURROUNDING SAID DRIVE SHAFT ADJACENT SAID FIRST AND SECOND FIXED ANNULAR WALLS, (F) A PLURALITY OF RADIALLY EXTENDING ADJUSTABLE PITCH PROPELLER BLADES ROTATABLY MOUNTED ON SAID ROTATABLE HOUSING, (G) A PLURALITY OF CONTROL ARMS SLIDABLY DISPOSED WITHIN SAID ROTATABLE HOUSING AND BETWEEN SAID FIRST AND SECOND WALLS, ONE END OF EACH OF SAID CONTROL ARMS HAVING A BALL ENGAGING ONE OF SAID SOCKETS FORMED IN SAID THRUST BEARING RACE, (H) A PLURALITY OF PINS, ONE OF SAID PINS MOUNTED IN EACH OF SAID BLADES AT A SPACED APART LOCATION FROM SAID ROTATABLE MOUNTINGS, EACH OF SAID PIN DEPENDING INTO SAID ROTATABLE HOUSING AND ENGAGING THE OTHER END OF EACH OF SAID CONTROL ARMS, WHEREBY TRANSLATION OF SAID CONTROL ARMS ROTATES SAID PROPELLER BLADES SO AS TO CHANGE THE PITCH OF THE BLADES, (I) MEANS INTERCONNECTING SAID ROTATABLE HOUSING AND THE DRIVE SHAFT, AND (J) RESILIENT MEANS FOR BIASING SAID ANNULAR PISTON.
US418089A 1964-12-14 1964-12-14 Adjustable pitch propeller Expired - Lifetime US3216507A (en)

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Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3482261A (en) * 1967-12-13 1969-12-02 Anthony V Sorrentino Manually variable pitch propeller
US3873236A (en) * 1973-12-26 1975-03-25 Gen Electric Fan with variable pitch blades and translating bearing actuation system
US4142835A (en) * 1976-07-14 1979-03-06 Chuetsu Waukesha Kabushiki Kaisha Pitch controlling device of a marine propeller
US4362467A (en) * 1979-02-08 1982-12-07 Elliott Morris C Variable pitch propeller device
US4365937A (en) * 1979-11-26 1982-12-28 Hiebert Harold L Adjustable pitch propeller drive
US4952083A (en) * 1989-10-10 1990-08-28 Kuehl Fred H Controllable pitch propeller assembly
WO1999019208A1 (en) * 1997-10-10 1999-04-22 Elliott Morris C Variable pitch marine propeller

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1802808A (en) * 1928-09-12 1931-04-28 Narde Florian De Propeller
US2377457A (en) * 1941-07-05 1945-06-05 Dow Chemical Co Aircraft
GB569867A (en) * 1943-12-08 1945-06-12 Nicholas Straussler Improvements in variable pitch propellers
US3051249A (en) * 1959-12-23 1962-08-28 Paul P Dirlik Motion transforming apparatus
US3056457A (en) * 1961-03-03 1962-10-02 Macfarland Robin Adair Variable pitch propeller
US3148735A (en) * 1964-05-12 1964-09-15 Donald L Miller Variable pitch propeller for small boats

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1802808A (en) * 1928-09-12 1931-04-28 Narde Florian De Propeller
US2377457A (en) * 1941-07-05 1945-06-05 Dow Chemical Co Aircraft
GB569867A (en) * 1943-12-08 1945-06-12 Nicholas Straussler Improvements in variable pitch propellers
US3051249A (en) * 1959-12-23 1962-08-28 Paul P Dirlik Motion transforming apparatus
US3056457A (en) * 1961-03-03 1962-10-02 Macfarland Robin Adair Variable pitch propeller
US3148735A (en) * 1964-05-12 1964-09-15 Donald L Miller Variable pitch propeller for small boats

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3482261A (en) * 1967-12-13 1969-12-02 Anthony V Sorrentino Manually variable pitch propeller
US3873236A (en) * 1973-12-26 1975-03-25 Gen Electric Fan with variable pitch blades and translating bearing actuation system
US4142835A (en) * 1976-07-14 1979-03-06 Chuetsu Waukesha Kabushiki Kaisha Pitch controlling device of a marine propeller
US4362467A (en) * 1979-02-08 1982-12-07 Elliott Morris C Variable pitch propeller device
US4365937A (en) * 1979-11-26 1982-12-28 Hiebert Harold L Adjustable pitch propeller drive
US4952083A (en) * 1989-10-10 1990-08-28 Kuehl Fred H Controllable pitch propeller assembly
WO1999019208A1 (en) * 1997-10-10 1999-04-22 Elliott Morris C Variable pitch marine propeller
US5967750A (en) * 1997-10-10 1999-10-19 Elliott; Morris C. Variable pitch marine propeller
CN1109623C (en) * 1997-10-10 2003-05-28 莫里斯·C·埃利奥特 Variable pitch marine propeller

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