US3213519A - Electric lamps - Google Patents
Electric lamps Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US3213519A US3213519A US171292A US17129262A US3213519A US 3213519 A US3213519 A US 3213519A US 171292 A US171292 A US 171292A US 17129262 A US17129262 A US 17129262A US 3213519 A US3213519 A US 3213519A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- filament
- mandrel
- tantalum
- polymeric material
- coiled
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 229910052715 tantalum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N tantalum atom Chemical compound [Ta] GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical class [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005255 carburizing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005979 thermal decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 208000030507 AIDS Diseases 0.000 claims 1
- 229910001362 Ta alloys Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 229920001169 thermoplastic Polymers 0.000 description 8
- 239000004416 thermosoftening plastic Substances 0.000 description 8
- -1 for example Substances 0.000 description 7
- NFFIWVVINABMKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N methylidynetantalum Chemical compound [Ta]#C NFFIWVVINABMKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 229910003468 tantalcarbide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 230000001172 regenerating effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 3
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 2
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000001247 metal acetylides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229920003229 poly(methyl methacrylate) Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000003870 refractory metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 description 2
- DOMXUEMWDBAQBQ-WEVVVXLNSA-N terbinafine Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(CN(C\C=C\C#CC(C)(C)C)C)=CC=CC2=C1 DOMXUEMWDBAQBQ-WEVVVXLNSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 2
- ZSLUVFAKFWKJRC-IGMARMGPSA-N 232Th Chemical compound [232Th] ZSLUVFAKFWKJRC-IGMARMGPSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DQEFEBPAPFSJLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cellulose propionate Chemical compound CCC(=O)OCC1OC(OC(=O)CC)C(OC(=O)CC)C(OC(=O)CC)C1OC1C(OC(=O)CC)C(OC(=O)CC)C(OC(=O)CC)C(COC(=O)CC)O1 DQEFEBPAPFSJLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000020 Nitrocellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004677 Nylon Substances 0.000 description 1
- CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N O-Xylene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1C CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001756 Polyvinyl chloride acetate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001328 Polyvinylidene chloride Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910052776 Thorium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052770 Uranium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium Chemical compound [Zr] QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FJWGYAHXMCUOOM-QHOUIDNNSA-N [(2s,3r,4s,5r,6r)-2-[(2r,3r,4s,5r,6s)-4,5-dinitrooxy-2-(nitrooxymethyl)-6-[(2r,3r,4s,5r,6s)-4,5,6-trinitrooxy-2-(nitrooxymethyl)oxan-3-yl]oxyoxan-3-yl]oxy-3,5-dinitrooxy-6-(nitrooxymethyl)oxan-4-yl] nitrate Chemical compound O([C@@H]1O[C@@H]([C@H]([C@H](O[N+]([O-])=O)[C@H]1O[N+]([O-])=O)O[C@H]1[C@@H]([C@@H](O[N+]([O-])=O)[C@H](O[N+]([O-])=O)[C@@H](CO[N+]([O-])=O)O1)O[N+]([O-])=O)CO[N+](=O)[O-])[C@@H]1[C@@H](CO[N+]([O-])=O)O[C@@H](O[N+]([O-])=O)[C@H](O[N+]([O-])=O)[C@H]1O[N+]([O-])=O FJWGYAHXMCUOOM-QHOUIDNNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920006397 acrylic thermoplastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002301 cellulose acetate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920006217 cellulose acetate butyrate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920003086 cellulose ether Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920006218 cellulose propionate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002939 deleterious effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001627 detrimental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002170 ethers Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052735 hafnium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- VBJZVLUMGGDVMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N hafnium atom Chemical compound [Hf] VBJZVLUMGGDVMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000005843 halogen group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052743 krypton Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- DNNSSWSSYDEUBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N krypton atom Chemical compound [Kr] DNNSSWSSYDEUBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052758 niobium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010955 niobium Substances 0.000 description 1
- GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N niobium atom Chemical compound [Nb] GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920001220 nitrocellulos Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001778 nylon Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001281 polyalkylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920006122 polyamide resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004926 polymethyl methacrylate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000019422 polyvinyl alcohol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940068984 polyvinyl alcohol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000004800 polyvinyl chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000915 polyvinyl chloride Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005033 polyvinylidene chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008247 solid mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006104 solid solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- ISXSCDLOGDJUNJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound CC(C)(C)OC(=O)C=C ISXSCDLOGDJUNJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 description 1
- JFALSRSLKYAFGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N uranium(0) Chemical compound [U] JFALSRSLKYAFGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadium atom Chemical compound [V] LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910052724 xenon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- FHNFHKCVQCLJFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N xenon atom Chemical compound [Xe] FHNFHKCVQCLJFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000008096 xylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01K—ELECTRIC INCANDESCENT LAMPS
- H01K3/00—Apparatus or processes adapted to the manufacture, installing, removal, or maintenance of incandescent lamps or parts thereof
- H01K3/02—Manufacture of incandescent bodies
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T29/00—Metal working
- Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
- Y10T29/49002—Electrical device making
- Y10T29/49082—Resistor making
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T29/00—Metal working
- Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
- Y10T29/4981—Utilizing transitory attached element or associated separate material
Definitions
- a principal object of the present invention is to provide a method of producing coiled filaments comprising a major percentage of tantalum carbide.
- Another object of the invention is to provide a method wherein a coiled filament comprising a major percentage of tantalum can be handled without undesirable coil distortion or change in the coil geometry.
- the invention accordingly comprises the several steps and the relation and order of one or more of such steps with respect to each of the others, and the product possessing the features, properties and the relation of elements which are exemplified in the following detailed disclosure, and the scope of the application of which will be indicated in the claims.
- incandescent lamps adapted to be operated at relatively high filament temperatures and possessing relatively long, useful operating life as well as such properties as high emissivity, resistance to shock and the like.
- incandescent lamps for example, photoflood lamps, projection lamps, vehicle headlamps and other related structures adapted to project carefully controlled or substantially collimated light beams
- a filament comprising a major percentage of tantalum carbide in the presence of a regenerative atmosphere comprising a carbonaceous gas.
- the filaments having a suitable configuration such as, for example, a coil or coiled-coil geometry may consist essentially of tantalum carbide, such as disclosed in US.
- Patent 2,596,469 may comprise a solid solution or mixture of a major percentage of tantalum carbide and a minor percentage of at least one other refractory metal carbide such as disclosed in copending U.S. applications Serial No. 5,524, now Patent No. 3,022,436, and Serial No. 5,525, now Patent No. 3,022,437, both filed January 29, 1960.
- a carbide filament comprising tantalum carbide and from about 1 to about 30 percent by weight of at least one metal carbide selected from the group consisting of the carbides of zirconium and hafnium.
- a carbide filament comprising tantalum carbide and between 1 and percent by weight of at least one refractory metal carbide selected from the group consisting of the carbides of titanium, thorium, vanadium, niobium, molybdenum, tungsten and uranium.
- the regenerative bulb or lamp envelope atmosphere may comprise a volatile hydrocarbon and hydrogen such as disclosed in US. Patent 2,596,469, or preferably the regenerative lamp atmosphere may comprise at least one halogen, hydrogen and carbon such as disclosed in copending U.S. applications Serial No. 840,495, filed September 10, 1959, now Patent No. 3,022,438, and Serial No. 14,254, filed March 11, 1960, now Patent No. 3,022,-
- One convenient method of forming a preferred carbide filament comprises converting a tantalum or suitable tantalum alloy filament to the carbide structure after it has been shaped into the desired configuration or geometry. This conversion may be readily achieved by passing sufficient current through the filament to yield a filament temperature above 2000" K., preferably between about 2500 K. and 3200 K., and maintaining the filament at this temperature in the presence of a carburizing atmosphere such as, for example, hydrogen and a volatile hydrocarbon, e.g., ethylene, xylene and the like until the desired carbide structure is obtained.
- Carburizing techniques such as described above are more fully set forth, for example, in US. Patent 2,596,469.
- At least one filament having a geometry e.g., a coil or coiled-coil configuration, which enhances or provides for the obtaining of the greatest filament brightness or brilliance.
- a geometry e.g., a coil or coiled-coil configuration
- the geometry thereof be maintained during subsequent handling so that the desired filament brightness may be obtained.
- undesirable alteration of the coil geometry results.
- subsequent careless handling such as in the transport or mounting thereof, may bring about a change or alteration in the specific geometry such as, for instance, an alteration in the spacings between the coils or change in the coil diameter and the like.
- coil distortion due to handling is eliminated or substantially minimized by handling the tantalum or tantalum alloy filament while it is wound or coiled about at least one mandrel comprising an organic polymeric material.
- the polymeric material may be thermoplastic in nature and must be capable of being formed into a rod or tube-shaped structure suitable for use as a filament mandrel.
- the organic polymeric mandrel may be removed just prior to carburization of the filament by dissolving it in a suitable solvent therefor or removed by decomposing it prior to or during carburization.
- Suitable filament mandrels of the present invention may be formed of thermoplastic polymeric materials such as, for example, polymethylmethacrylate or other acrylics; the cellulosics including cellulose esters and ethers such as cellulose acetate, cellulose acetate butyrate, cellulose propionate, cellulose nitrate and the like; polyamide resins such as nylon; polyalkylenes such as polypropylene etc.; polystyrene; the vinyls such as the polyvinyl alco hol, polyvinyl chloride, polyvinyl chloride-acetate copolymers, polyvinylidene chloride and the like; and others.
- thermoplastic polymeric materials such as, for example, polymethylmethacrylate or other acrylics; the cellulosics including cellulose esters and ethers such as cellulose acetate, cellulose acetate butyrate, cellulose propionate, cellulose nitrate and the like; polyamide resins such as nylon; polyalkylenes such
- the organic polymeric materials employed must be such as to be formed into rigid structures of suitable configuration, for example, rod-shaped, for the shaping of a tantalum or tantalum alloy filament.
- a filament with a coil structure may be obtained by winding or coiling a suitable length of tantalum or tantalum alloy wire around a mandrel comprising a rod of thermoplastic organic polymeric material. Subsequent handling of the shaped filament, such as transportation, mounting operations and the like are performed while the filament is held in the desired shape on the mandrel.
- the organic plastic mandrel Prior to carburization of the shaped tantalum or tantalum alloy filament the organic plastic mandrel may be removed from the filament by dissolving it in a suitable solvent therefor or the mandrel may be retained with the shaped filament and thermally decomposed prior to or during the carburization of the filament.
- the temperatures of carburization are in excess of 2000 K. and thus sufiicient to bring about the the thermal decomposition of the various thermoplastic polymeric materials which may be utilized as the filament mandrel.
- the mandrel must comprise an organic polymeric material which is free of deleterious components such as, for example, oxygen, so as not to undesirably affect the carburization of the filament or the desired composition thereof.
- the mandrel when it is to be removed by thermal decomposition during the carburization step, it preferably comprises an organic polymeric material composed only of carbon and hydrogen such as, for example, polyethylene and the like. Materials containing, in addition to carbon and hydrogen, components such as nitrogen and halogen groups may also be suitably employed in this instance. It should be noted that th thermal decomposition of the abovementioned oxygen-free polymeric materials provides a carbonaceous atomsphere suitable for aiding in the carburization of the tantalum or tantalum alloy filament.
- a filament with a coiled-coil structure may be obtained in any one of several ways.
- a suitable length of tantalum or tantalum alloy wire may be wound around a primary mandrel comprising a rod of thermoplastic polymeric material.
- a secondary mandrel comprising a rod of thermoplastic polymeric material.
- the primary mandrel may be dissolved away.
- the secondary mandrel when desired, may be removed as indicated above.
- Another embodiment comprises winding or coiling a suitable length of tantalum or tantalum alloy wire around a primary mandrel of a thermoplastic polymeric material to form a coiled structure and, while maintaining the primary mandrel in place, coiling the coiled filament and primary mandrel, suitably softened by heat, about a secondary mandrel comprising a rod of thermoplastic polymeric material to form the desired coiled-cool configuration.
- the primary and secondary mandrels may be removed by dissolving each in an appropriate solvent therefor or by thermally decomposing each prior to or during the carburization of the filament.
- the mandrel or mandrels employed be free of components such as oxygen which would be detrimental to the formation of a carbide filament of long useful operating life.
- the method of forming a coiled filament which comprises the steps of coiling a filament comprising a major percentage of tantalum around a mandrel comprising an oxygen-free polymeric material containing carbon and hydrogen, carbnrizing said filament and simultaneously therewith removing said mandrel by thermal decomposition whereby said oxygen-free polymeric material provides a carbonaceous atmosphere which aids in the carburlzation of said filament.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Inorganic Fibers (AREA)
Priority Applications (5)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| BE627771D BE627771A (en, 2012) | 1962-02-05 | ||
| US171292A US3213519A (en) | 1962-02-05 | 1962-02-05 | Electric lamps |
| US170926A US3219493A (en) | 1962-02-05 | 1962-02-05 | Method of making electric lamps |
| US170907A US3237284A (en) | 1962-02-05 | 1962-02-05 | Method of forming carbide coated coiled filaments for lamps |
| FR922715A FR1345496A (fr) | 1962-02-05 | 1963-01-25 | Lampes électriques |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US171292A US3213519A (en) | 1962-02-05 | 1962-02-05 | Electric lamps |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US3213519A true US3213519A (en) | 1965-10-26 |
Family
ID=22623227
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US171292A Expired - Lifetime US3213519A (en) | 1962-02-05 | 1962-02-05 | Electric lamps |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US3213519A (en, 2012) |
| BE (1) | BE627771A (en, 2012) |
Citations (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US786257A (en) * | 1900-05-14 | 1905-04-04 | George Westinghouse | Electric heater and method of manufacturing same. |
| US2067746A (en) * | 1934-11-08 | 1937-01-12 | Hygrade Sylvania Corp | Lamp filament and method of manufacture thereof |
| US2142865A (en) * | 1937-03-24 | 1939-01-03 | Gen Electric | Method of manufacturing filaments |
| US2218345A (en) * | 1935-04-10 | 1940-10-15 | Spaeth Charles | Incandescent lamp |
| US2359302A (en) * | 1942-06-11 | 1944-10-03 | Tung Sol Lamp Works Inc | Incandescent lamp and method of manufacture |
| US2596469A (en) * | 1951-02-27 | 1952-05-13 | Polaroid Corp | Tantalum carbide filament electric lamp containing hydrogen-volatile hydrocarbon mixture |
| US2790926A (en) * | 1951-01-27 | 1957-04-30 | Bell Telephone Labor Inc | Traveling wave tube |
| US2988804A (en) * | 1957-08-30 | 1961-06-20 | Tibbetts Industries | Method of winding electric coils |
-
0
- BE BE627771D patent/BE627771A/xx unknown
-
1962
- 1962-02-05 US US171292A patent/US3213519A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US786257A (en) * | 1900-05-14 | 1905-04-04 | George Westinghouse | Electric heater and method of manufacturing same. |
| US2067746A (en) * | 1934-11-08 | 1937-01-12 | Hygrade Sylvania Corp | Lamp filament and method of manufacture thereof |
| US2218345A (en) * | 1935-04-10 | 1940-10-15 | Spaeth Charles | Incandescent lamp |
| US2142865A (en) * | 1937-03-24 | 1939-01-03 | Gen Electric | Method of manufacturing filaments |
| US2359302A (en) * | 1942-06-11 | 1944-10-03 | Tung Sol Lamp Works Inc | Incandescent lamp and method of manufacture |
| US2790926A (en) * | 1951-01-27 | 1957-04-30 | Bell Telephone Labor Inc | Traveling wave tube |
| US2596469A (en) * | 1951-02-27 | 1952-05-13 | Polaroid Corp | Tantalum carbide filament electric lamp containing hydrogen-volatile hydrocarbon mixture |
| US2988804A (en) * | 1957-08-30 | 1961-06-20 | Tibbetts Industries | Method of winding electric coils |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| BE627771A (en, 2012) |
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