US3208844A - Process for producing a low-temperature tough steel - Google Patents
Process for producing a low-temperature tough steel Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US3208844A US3208844A US214516A US21451662A US3208844A US 3208844 A US3208844 A US 3208844A US 214516 A US214516 A US 214516A US 21451662 A US21451662 A US 21451662A US 3208844 A US3208844 A US 3208844A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- steel
- molten steel
- nitrogen
- low
- degassifying
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 38
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 title claims description 38
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 9
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 40
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 20
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000007872 degassing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005187 foaming Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- WYEHFWKAOXOVJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N diflufenican Chemical compound FC1=CC(F)=CC=C1NC(=O)C1=CC=CN=C1OC1=CC=CC(C(F)(F)F)=C1 WYEHFWKAOXOVJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 150000004767 nitrides Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 8
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000306 component Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000009849 vacuum degassing Methods 0.000 description 3
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- PMHQVHHXPFUNSP-UHFFFAOYSA-M copper(1+);methylsulfanylmethane;bromide Chemical compound Br[Cu].CSC PMHQVHHXPFUNSP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 108010053481 Antifreeze Proteins Proteins 0.000 description 1
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001199 N alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005255 carburizing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052758 niobium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009628 steelmaking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052715 tantalum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
- C21C7/10—Handling in a vacuum
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/001—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing N
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Treatment Of Steel In Its Molten State (AREA)
Description
gen and hydrogen will make the steel brittle.
United States Patent PROCESS FOR PRODUCING A LOW- TEMPERATURE TOUGH STEEL Takeshi Kato and Kamematsu Matsuda, Yawata, Japan,
This invention relates .to processes for producing a steel having a good-weldability and a high toughness at alow temperature. p
In order that a steel may be tough at a low temperature, its transition temperature must be low enough for the using condition. Such transition temperature is a criterion for judging the low-temperature brittleness of a steel but it is remarkably affected by the chemical composition, producing process, and thermal hysteresis of the steel.
Carbon has the greatest effect among the chemical components. With the increase of the carbon content, the transition temperature will increase. Phosphorus and nitrogen together will increase the transition temperature. Manganese is an effective component. The
ratio of Mn/C of not less than is considered acceptable. Suchgases contained in a steel as oxygen, nitro- In case the steel is not well deoxidized, the transition temperature will increase.
In spite of such harm, on the other hand, nitrogen in the steel results in favourable toughness at low temperature when aluminum nitride is separated at the temperature of A transition point. Therefore, a certain amount of nitrogen rather favours aluminum contained steel. By taking the above mentioned points into consideration it is possible, especially with the recent top blowing converter steel making process and vacuumdegassing process, to produce a low temperature tough steel in which the transition temperature is low enough. According to such treating process, the chemical com ponents in the steel which act in the direction of increasing the transition temperature can be remarkably reduced but the oxygen in the steel can not be so easily removed.
We have confirmed that, when the nitrogen content in a molten steel of a carbon content of not more than about 0.15% as refined in an open-hearth furnace, electric furnace or converter is adjusted to be about 0.008 to 0.04% by adding additional nitrogen in accordance with this invention and said molten steel is degassed in a vacuum, the oxygen content will be remarkably reduced. As a result; a low-temperature tough steel superior to any conventional one will be obtained.
In an ordinary open-hearth steel, electric furnace steel or converter steel, nitrogen is removed only slightly. This is because the nitrogen content in the molten steel is of a value (of not more than about 0.008%) near the balanced solubility under a pressure of l to 40 mm. Hg in degassing. If the nitrogen content is made higher than about 0.008% and the molten steel denitrified under a 3,208,844 Patented Sept. 28, 1965 pressure of not more than 40 mm. Hg, this results in promoting an ardent foaming phenomenon within the vacuum vessel and serves to increase the surface area of the molten steel in the vacuum. In this manner the C0 reaction and therefore deoxidation will be accelerated. On the other hand, the nitrogen content after the refinement in vacuum will be reduced to near the amount as of before the addition. But the necessary amount of nitrogen will remain to obtain a steel having excellent toughness at low temperature.
The present invention has succeeded in obtaining a steel of a very low oxygen content by accelerating deoxidiza tion by utilizing the above-described phenomenon, and separating residual nitrogen as aluminum nitride.
In the process of the present invention, it is for such reason as is mentioned above that the nitrogen content in the molten steel is adjusted to be higher than about 0.008% in the first step.- However, if the nitrogen con tent is toohigh, it will not be economical. It is, there-= fore, preferable that the maximum be about 0.040%.
In order to adjust the nitrogen content, nitrogen may be added in .the state of gaseous nitrogen or as a nitrogen alloy. The thus adjusted molten steel is to be degassed in a vacuum. According to the present invention, there is used a method wherein'a part of molten steel in a ladle is successively sucked into a vacuum vessel, remains therein for a short time and is returned to the ladle. By carrying out such vacuum degassing, not only the dissolved hydrogen can be removed and any internal defect in the steel material can be prevented but also the reaction C+O=CO is promoted a-nd'oxygen can be removed in the form of CO gas. As a result, a steel of a remarkably low oxygen content can be obtained.
Depending on the circumstance, any desired alloying elements may be added to the molten steel vacuum-degassed according to the present invention so that the composition may preferably be not more than 0.15 C., 0.01 .to 0.10% Al, 0.5 to 2.0% Mn, 0.01 to 1.0% Si and, as required, a total of 0.01 to 0.02% of one or more of Nb, Ta and V. By thus limiting the composition, a steel which is tough at a lower temperature can be obtained.
Further, according to the present invention, if the nitrogen content in the molten steel as refined in an open hearth furnace or the like is adjusted to be between about 0.008 to 0.04%, at the same time the ratio of C/O in the molten steel is adjusted to be about 3/4 by adding such adjusting agent as a deoxidizing agent or a carburizing agent. Said molten steel is then degassed in a vacuum whereby carbon and oxygen contents will be reduced to an extreme low.
In the case of vacuum-degassing the molten steel, carbon and oxygen will be removed at an equivalent moi ratio, that is, at a weight ratio of C/O=3/4. Therefore, in order to reduce both carbon and oxygen, it is advan-'
Claims (1)
1. A PROCESS FOR PRODUCING LOW-TEMPERATURE TOUGH STEEL WHICH COMPRISES ADDING A NITRIDE TO A MOLTEN STEEL PREPARED IN AN OPEN-HEARTH FURNACE AND CONTAINING 0.15% BY WEIGHT CARBON TO RAISE THE NITROGEN CONTENT OF SAID MOLTEN STEEL TO BETWEEN ABOUT 0.008 TO ABOUT 0.04% BY WEIGHT FOR EFFECTING ARDENT FOAMING PHENOMENON DURING THE SUBSEQUENT DEGASSING TREATMENT, SUCKING UP SUCCESSIVELY A PART OF THE THUS OBTAINED MOLTEN STEEL INTO A VACUUM DEGASSIFYING VESSEL, DEGASSIFYING THE THUS SUCKED UP MOLTEN STEEL IN SAID VACUUM DEGASSIFYING VESSEL WHILE MAINTAINING A PRESSURE IN SAID VESSEL OF FROM 1 TO 40 MM. HG, SAID DEGASSIFYING REDUCING THE OXYGEN CONTENT OF SAID MOLTEN STEEL TO NOT MORE THAN 0.002% BY WEIGHT AND THE NITROGEN CONTENT TO ABOUT THAT WHICH IT WAS BEFORE ADDING NITROGEN THERETO, AND RECOVERING THE PRODUCT.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2920461 | 1961-08-12 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US3208844A true US3208844A (en) | 1965-09-28 |
Family
ID=12269647
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US214516A Expired - Lifetime US3208844A (en) | 1961-08-12 | 1962-08-03 | Process for producing a low-temperature tough steel |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US3208844A (en) |
| AT (1) | AT258990B (en) |
| DE (1) | DE1433690A1 (en) |
| GB (1) | GB1013190A (en) |
| LU (1) | LU42194A1 (en) |
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3459537A (en) * | 1966-08-25 | 1969-08-05 | United States Steel Corp | Continuously cast steel slabs and method of making same |
| US3512957A (en) * | 1963-08-10 | 1970-05-19 | Hoerder Huettenunion Ag | Steelmaking processes |
| US3792999A (en) * | 1971-02-05 | 1974-02-19 | Hoerder Huettenunion Ag | Method of producing a drawing and deep drawing steel resistant to ageing, particularly for single-coat enamelling |
| US3822735A (en) * | 1969-07-11 | 1974-07-09 | Nat Steel Corp | Process for casting molten silicon-aluminum killed steel continuously |
| US10920309B2 (en) | 2014-08-27 | 2021-02-16 | Thyssenkrupp Rasselstein Gmbh | Method for producing a nitrided packaging steel |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4619714A (en) * | 1984-08-06 | 1986-10-28 | The Regents Of The University Of California | Controlled rolling process for dual phase steels and application to rod, wire, sheet and other shapes |
| DE102014116929B3 (en) | 2014-11-19 | 2015-11-05 | Thyssenkrupp Ag | Method for producing an embroidered packaging steel, cold rolled flat steel product and apparatus for recrystallizing annealing and embroidering a flat steel product |
Citations (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2068785A (en) * | 1933-11-20 | 1937-01-26 | United States Steel Corp | Method of manufacturing low carbon steel |
| US2564498A (en) * | 1949-08-26 | 1951-08-14 | Gen Electric | Preparation of alloys |
| US2714065A (en) * | 1951-11-21 | 1955-07-26 | Bethlehem Steel Corp | Method of producing machining steel |
| US2755181A (en) * | 1952-10-09 | 1956-07-17 | Air Liquide | Process of introducing boron into ferrous metal |
| US2815273A (en) * | 1953-10-02 | 1957-12-03 | Nat Res Corp | Process for producing stainless steel and alloy thereof |
| US2865736A (en) * | 1956-02-08 | 1958-12-23 | Carpenter Steel Co | Method of alloying gaseous materials with metals |
| US2893860A (en) * | 1957-02-21 | 1959-07-07 | Heraeus Gmbh W C | Method and apparatus for continuously degassing molten metals, particularly steel, by evacuation |
| US2993780A (en) * | 1957-11-16 | 1961-07-25 | Siderurgie Fse Inst Rech | Method for treating steel in vacuo |
-
1962
- 1962-07-30 GB GB29173/62A patent/GB1013190A/en not_active Expired
- 1962-08-03 US US214516A patent/US3208844A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1962-08-08 AT AT641662A patent/AT258990B/en active
- 1962-08-09 LU LU42194D patent/LU42194A1/xx unknown
- 1962-08-10 DE DE19621433690 patent/DE1433690A1/en active Pending
Patent Citations (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2068785A (en) * | 1933-11-20 | 1937-01-26 | United States Steel Corp | Method of manufacturing low carbon steel |
| US2564498A (en) * | 1949-08-26 | 1951-08-14 | Gen Electric | Preparation of alloys |
| US2714065A (en) * | 1951-11-21 | 1955-07-26 | Bethlehem Steel Corp | Method of producing machining steel |
| US2755181A (en) * | 1952-10-09 | 1956-07-17 | Air Liquide | Process of introducing boron into ferrous metal |
| US2815273A (en) * | 1953-10-02 | 1957-12-03 | Nat Res Corp | Process for producing stainless steel and alloy thereof |
| US2865736A (en) * | 1956-02-08 | 1958-12-23 | Carpenter Steel Co | Method of alloying gaseous materials with metals |
| US2893860A (en) * | 1957-02-21 | 1959-07-07 | Heraeus Gmbh W C | Method and apparatus for continuously degassing molten metals, particularly steel, by evacuation |
| US2993780A (en) * | 1957-11-16 | 1961-07-25 | Siderurgie Fse Inst Rech | Method for treating steel in vacuo |
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3512957A (en) * | 1963-08-10 | 1970-05-19 | Hoerder Huettenunion Ag | Steelmaking processes |
| US3459537A (en) * | 1966-08-25 | 1969-08-05 | United States Steel Corp | Continuously cast steel slabs and method of making same |
| US3822735A (en) * | 1969-07-11 | 1974-07-09 | Nat Steel Corp | Process for casting molten silicon-aluminum killed steel continuously |
| US3792999A (en) * | 1971-02-05 | 1974-02-19 | Hoerder Huettenunion Ag | Method of producing a drawing and deep drawing steel resistant to ageing, particularly for single-coat enamelling |
| US10920309B2 (en) | 2014-08-27 | 2021-02-16 | Thyssenkrupp Rasselstein Gmbh | Method for producing a nitrided packaging steel |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| AT258990B (en) | 1967-12-27 |
| GB1013190A (en) | 1965-12-15 |
| LU42194A1 (en) | 1962-10-09 |
| DE1433690A1 (en) | 1968-12-05 |
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