US3205046A - Rotary arbor for making synthetic stone - Google Patents

Rotary arbor for making synthetic stone Download PDF

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US3205046A
US3205046A US33203A US3320360A US3205046A US 3205046 A US3205046 A US 3205046A US 33203 A US33203 A US 33203A US 3320360 A US3320360 A US 3320360A US 3205046 A US3205046 A US 3205046A
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blow
pipe
stove
axis
revolution
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US33203A
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Djevahirdjian Vahan
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IND DE PIERRES SCIENT HRAND DJ
Industrie De Pierres Scientifiques Hrand Djevahirdjian S A
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IND DE PIERRES SCIENT HRAND DJ
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C30—CRYSTAL GROWTH
    • C30B—SINGLE-CRYSTAL GROWTH; UNIDIRECTIONAL SOLIDIFICATION OF EUTECTIC MATERIAL OR UNIDIRECTIONAL DEMIXING OF EUTECTOID MATERIAL; REFINING BY ZONE-MELTING OF MATERIAL; PRODUCTION OF A HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; SINGLE CRYSTALS OR HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; AFTER-TREATMENT OF SINGLE CRYSTALS OR A HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C30B11/00—Single-crystal growth by normal freezing or freezing under temperature gradient, e.g. Bridgman-Stockbarger method
    • C30B11/04—Single-crystal growth by normal freezing or freezing under temperature gradient, e.g. Bridgman-Stockbarger method adding crystallising materials or reactants forming it in situ to the melt
    • C30B11/08—Single-crystal growth by normal freezing or freezing under temperature gradient, e.g. Bridgman-Stockbarger method adding crystallising materials or reactants forming it in situ to the melt every component of the crystal composition being added during the crystallisation
    • C30B11/10—Solid or liquid components, e.g. Verneuil method
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T117/00—Single-crystal, oriented-crystal, and epitaxy growth processes; non-coating apparatus therefor
    • Y10T117/10—Apparatus
    • Y10T117/1024—Apparatus for crystallization from liquid or supercritical state
    • Y10T117/1028—Crucibleless apparatus having means providing movement of discrete droplets or solid particles to thin-film precursor [e.g., Verneuil method]

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a process for manufacturing a rotation body, especially a sheave made of synthetic stone, by melting of powdery material and accumulating said material on a rotatable support.
  • the invention relates also to an installation for carrylog out the above mentioned process, comprising a stove within which is arranged a rotatable support on which is accumulated the melted material intended to constitute the said body of synthetic stone.
  • the process is characterised by the feature that one uses at least two blow-pipes symmetrically arranged with respect to the axis of rotation of the support; the installation is characterised by the feature that two blow-pipes are arranged in the stove symmetrically with respect to the axis of rotation of the support.
  • the drawing shows, by way of example, one embodiment of the object of the invention, and a modification thereof.
  • FIG. 1 is an elevational view, with a partial section, of an installation for the manufacture of sheaves made of synthetic stone.
  • FIG. 2 is a View of a detail of FIG. 1, with a partial section, at an enlarged scale.
  • FIG. 3 is an axial sectional View of a sheave obtained when carrying out the process according to the invention.
  • FIG. 4 is an axial sectional view of a modification of a stove.
  • the installation represented in FIG. 1 comprises a table 1 carried by a rod 2 slidingly mounted in a frame 3, partially represented.
  • This table carries a stove constituted by a tubular body 4, made of fire-proof material, on which is arranged a cover 5 likely made of fire-proof material.
  • the wall of the tubular body 4 of the stove shows a hole 6 through which extends a rotatable shaft 7 driven by a motor 8 mounted on the table ll.
  • the motor 8 could not be carried by the table l, but by the stationary frame 3 of the machine and the shaft 7 could be driven through the intermediary of a flexible cable.
  • the cover 5 carries a stationary blow-pipe 9, of the so-called verneuil type, shown in detail in FIG. 2.
  • This blow-pipe comprises a cylindrical container 10, enclosing alumina powder, the bottom 11 of which is constituted by a sieve.
  • a hammer 12 striking at a rate of many strikes per second, urges the powder contained in the container Ill to fall into a tundish 13 located under the container 10.
  • a driving device for the hammer 1.2 has been diagrammatically represented at 14 in FIG. 1, like a rotatable disc 15 provided with a finger l6 acting on the rear end of a rod 17, articulated at 18, carrying the hammer 12.
  • the tundish 13 projects upwards as a cylindrical envelope 13a surrounding the container 10 and in which opens a pipe 19 for the induction of oxygen. Downwards, this tundish projects as a pipe 13:; in which passes a mixture of alumina powder and of oxygen. The end of this pipe 13b is situated in a pipe 20 in which opens a pipe -21 for the induction of hydrogen.
  • the blow-pipe thus produces a hydrogen-oxygen flame in which is in- Patented Sept. 7, 1965 corporated the alumina powder.
  • This powder, melted by the blow-pipe forms a deposit on a support 22 mounted at the end of the shaft 7. This shaft being rotated, the body 23 which is formed by the accumulation of the melted material has the shape of a sheave.
  • the installation comprises a second blow-pipe, generally designated by 24, carried by a rod 25 slidingly mounted in the frame 3.
  • This second blow-pipe is a second blow-pipe, generally designated by 24, carried by a rod 25 slidingly mounted in the frame 3.
  • a motor 26 carried by the frame 3 drives through a transmission belt 27 two toothed wheels 28 and 29 meshing respectively with two toothed racks 3t? and 31 provided on the rods 2 and 25.
  • the diameter of the wheel 29 is the double of this one of the wheel 23, the rod 25 moves downwards at a double rate than this of the rod 2.
  • the sheave 23 is continuously at half the distance between the blow-pipes 9 and 24.
  • the installation comprises moreover a blow-pipe 32 of the same type as the blow-pipe 24, situated opposite the shaft 7 and in the prolongation thereof.
  • This blowpipe 32 holds the centre of the sheave 23 at the desired temperature.
  • the support 22 will be constituted by a germ or a seed, that is to say by a crystal having the same orientation as the crystal it is desired to be obtained, for instance a rod of corundum.
  • the crystal which is formed around this seed then shows the same orientation as the latter.
  • the area of the periphery of the sheave remains constant, even when its diameter increases continuously, so that the successive layers of melted material successively deposited be of constant thickness; to this end, it is watched that the thickness of the sheave decreases from the centre to the periphery, whereby the profile of the sheave is like the sheave 33 of FIG. 3.
  • This particular shape of the sheave is obtained by dosing suitably the quantity of powder dispensed, by modifying the rotation speed of the shaft 7 and by modifying the intensity of the flame.
  • the shaft 7 can be axially displaced, slowly and continuously, in one direction or in the other, in order to obtain bodies having special shapes, for instance frusto-conical bodies.
  • the blow-pipes can, be arranged not radially with respect to the shaft, but be inclined with respect to this shaft. At last, more than two blow-pipes, for instance three, arranged at one from the others, can be angularly arranged around the shaft.
  • a synthetic body of revolution comprising a stove including a wall defining an inner room, a rotatable support ex tending into the inner room of the stove, and a blowpipe for dispensing melted synthetic powdery material on the rotatable support to form, by accumulation of the powdery material on the rotatable support, a synthetic body of revolution
  • the improvement comprising: a second movable blow-pipe opening into the inner room of said stove in diametrically opposed relationship to the said first blow-pipe with respect to the axis of rotation of said support, the axis of said second blow-pipe being coaxial with respect to the axis of said first blow-pipe, a table carrying said stove movable in a direction parallel to the common axis of the two blow-pipes, first driving means for moving the table with respect to the first blowpipe at a first rate, and second driving means for moving the movable blow-pipe at a second different rate such that the axis of rotation of the body of revolution during the formation thereof remains
  • a synthetic body of revolution comprising a stove including a wall defining an inner room, a rotatable support etxending into the inner room of the stove, and a blow-pipe for dispensing synthetic melted powdery material on the rotatable support to form, by the accumulation of the powdery material on the rotatable support, a synthetic body of revolution
  • the improvement comprising: at least a second blow-pipe opening into the inner room of said stove in diametrically opposed symmetrical relationship to the first blow-pipe with respect to the axis of rotation of said rotatable support, a table carrying the stove, said table being movable with respect to said blow-pipes, a shaft carrying and driving said support, said shaft being carried by and movable with said table, and drive means for moving the table relative to said blow-pipes at a rate which maintains the axis of rotation of the body of revolution during the formation thereof constantly and half the distance between the two blow-pipes whereby the periphery of the body of

Description

P 1965 v. DJEVAHIRDJIAN 3,205,046
ROTARY ARBOR FOR MAKING SYNTHETIC STONE Filed June 1, 1960 IN VE N T0 Valum DJEWIHIRDJIAN b 27. mm, Attorney:
United States Patent 4 Claims. (Cl. 2'3273) The present invention relates to a process for manufacturing a rotation body, especially a sheave made of synthetic stone, by melting of powdery material and accumulating said material on a rotatable support.
The invention relates also to an installation for carrylog out the above mentioned process, comprising a stove within which is arranged a rotatable support on which is accumulated the melted material intended to constitute the said body of synthetic stone.
The process is characterised by the feature that one uses at least two blow-pipes symmetrically arranged with respect to the axis of rotation of the support; the installation is characterised by the feature that two blow-pipes are arranged in the stove symmetrically with respect to the axis of rotation of the support.
The drawing shows, by way of example, one embodiment of the object of the invention, and a modification thereof.
FIG. 1 is an elevational view, with a partial section, of an installation for the manufacture of sheaves made of synthetic stone.
FIG. 2 is a View of a detail of FIG. 1, with a partial section, at an enlarged scale.
FIG. 3 is an axial sectional View of a sheave obtained when carrying out the process according to the invention, and
FIG. 4 is an axial sectional view of a modification of a stove.
The installation represented in FIG. 1 comprises a table 1 carried by a rod 2 slidingly mounted in a frame 3, partially represented. This table carries a stove constituted by a tubular body 4, made of fire-proof material, on which is arranged a cover 5 likely made of fire-proof material.
The wall of the tubular body 4 of the stove shows a hole 6 through which extends a rotatable shaft 7 driven by a motor 8 mounted on the table ll. As a modification, the motor 8 could not be carried by the table l, but by the stationary frame 3 of the machine and the shaft 7 could be driven through the intermediary of a flexible cable.
The cover 5 carries a stationary blow-pipe 9, of the so-called verneuil type, shown in detail in FIG. 2. This blow-pipe comprises a cylindrical container 10, enclosing alumina powder, the bottom 11 of which is constituted by a sieve. A hammer 12, striking at a rate of many strikes per second, urges the powder contained in the container Ill to fall into a tundish 13 located under the container 10. A driving device for the hammer 1.2 has been diagrammatically represented at 14 in FIG. 1, like a rotatable disc 15 provided with a finger l6 acting on the rear end of a rod 17, articulated at 18, carrying the hammer 12.
The tundish 13 projects upwards as a cylindrical envelope 13a surrounding the container 10 and in which opens a pipe 19 for the induction of oxygen. Downwards, this tundish projects as a pipe 13:; in which passes a mixture of alumina powder and of oxygen. The end of this pipe 13b is situated in a pipe 20 in which opens a pipe -21 for the induction of hydrogen. The blow-pipe thus produces a hydrogen-oxygen flame in which is in- Patented Sept. 7, 1965 corporated the alumina powder. This powder, melted by the blow-pipe, forms a deposit on a support 22 mounted at the end of the shaft 7. This shaft being rotated, the body 23 which is formed by the accumulation of the melted material has the shape of a sheave.
In order that the whole periphery of the body 23 on which the melted material forms a deposit be maintained at the desired temperature, and this without having a too high speed of rotation, the installation comprises a second blow-pipe, generally designated by 24, carried by a rod 25 slidingly mounted in the frame 3. This second blow-pipe,
f the same type as the first one, with the difference that it does not comprise means for dispensing powder, is diametrically opposed to the first one, with respect to the body 23, and is located in the prolongation of this first blow-pipe.
In order that the periphery of the sheave 23, during its formation, be continuously located in the warmest part of the flame, even if the diameter of the sheave increases continuously, the distance between the two blow- pipes 9 and 24 and this sheave is changed owing to the following arrangement: A motor 26 carried by the frame 3 drives through a transmission belt 27 two toothed wheels 28 and 29 meshing respectively with two toothed racks 3t? and 31 provided on the rods 2 and 25. As the diameter of the wheel 29 is the double of this one of the wheel 23, the rod 25 moves downwards at a double rate than this of the rod 2. As a result, the sheave 23 is continuously at half the distance between the blow- pipes 9 and 24.
The installation comprises moreover a blow-pipe 32 of the same type as the blow-pipe 24, situated opposite the shaft 7 and in the prolongation thereof. This blowpipe 32 holds the centre of the sheave 23 at the desired temperature.
It is to be noted that, owing to the fact that the shaft 7 moves at the same time as the stove 4, the hole 6 is just large enough for the passage of this shaft, but has not to allow a relative displacement between the shaft and the stove.
The support 22 will be constituted by a germ or a seed, that is to say by a crystal having the same orientation as the crystal it is desired to be obtained, for instance a rod of corundum. The crystal which is formed around this seed then shows the same orientation as the latter.
It is desired that the area of the periphery of the sheave remains constant, even when its diameter increases continuously, so that the successive layers of melted material successively deposited be of constant thickness; to this end, it is watched that the thickness of the sheave decreases from the centre to the periphery, whereby the profile of the sheave is like the sheave 33 of FIG. 3. This particular shape of the sheave is obtained by dosing suitably the quantity of powder dispensed, by modifying the rotation speed of the shaft 7 and by modifying the intensity of the flame. These several measures can be used separately or in combination. In order that the distance between the sheave and the wall of the stove be as small as possible, it will be useful to utilise a stove of the type of the stove 34 in FIG. 4, the inner room 35 of which shows, in vertical section, a width decreasing from the axis of the shaft, diagrammatically represented at 36 in this figure.
As a modification, the shaft 7 can be axially displaced, slowly and continuously, in one direction or in the other, in order to obtain bodies having special shapes, for instance frusto-conical bodies. Likely, the blow-pipes can, be arranged not radially with respect to the shaft, but be inclined with respect to this shaft. At last, more than two blow-pipes, for instance three, arranged at one from the others, can be angularly arranged around the shaft.
aaoaoae What I claim is:
1. In an installation for the manufacture of a synthetic body of revolution comprising a stove including a wall defining an inner room, a rotatable support ex tending into the inner room of the stove, and a blowpipe for dispensing melted synthetic powdery material on the rotatable support to form, by accumulation of the powdery material on the rotatable support, a synthetic body of revolution, the improvement comprising: a second movable blow-pipe opening into the inner room of said stove in diametrically opposed relationship to the said first blow-pipe with respect to the axis of rotation of said support, the axis of said second blow-pipe being coaxial with respect to the axis of said first blow-pipe, a table carrying said stove movable in a direction parallel to the common axis of the two blow-pipes, first driving means for moving the table with respect to the first blowpipe at a first rate, and second driving means for moving the movable blow-pipe at a second different rate such that the axis of rotation of the body of revolution during the formation thereof remains constantly at half the distance between the two blow-pipes whereby the periphery of the body of revolution is maintained at a constant distance from the blow-pipes.
2. In an installation for the manufacture of a synthetic body of revolution comprising a stove including a wall defining an inner room, a rotatable support etxending into the inner room of the stove, and a blow-pipe for dispensing synthetic melted powdery material on the rotatable support to form, by the accumulation of the powdery material on the rotatable support, a synthetic body of revolution, the improvement comprising: at least a second blow-pipe opening into the inner room of said stove in diametrically opposed symmetrical relationship to the first blow-pipe with respect to the axis of rotation of said rotatable support, a table carrying the stove, said table being movable with respect to said blow-pipes, a shaft carrying and driving said support, said shaft being carried by and movable with said table, and drive means for moving the table relative to said blow-pipes at a rate which maintains the axis of rotation of the body of revolution during the formation thereof constantly and half the distance between the two blow-pipes whereby the periphery of the body of revolution is maintained at a constant distance from the blow-pipes.
3. The installation for the manufacture of a synthetic body of revolution as defined in claim 2 and further including a third blow-pipe opening into the inner room of said stove in axial alignment with the axis of rotation of said support and being adapted to hold a central part of the body of revolution in formation at a desired temperature.
4. The installation for the manufacture of a synthetic body of revolution as defined in claim 2 in which the width of the inner room of the stove decreases from the axis of rotation of said rotatable support.
References Cited by the Examiner UNITED STATES PATENTS 1,597,293 8/26 Ruff.
2,471,437 5/49 Lester et al. 23273 2,472,951 6/49 Klinke 266-23 2,529,971 11/50 Schmidinger 23273 2,671,987 3/54 Jendrisak 158-99 2,852,890 9/58 Drost 23-301 2,999,737 9/61 Siebertz 2330l 3,012,374 12/61 Merker 23-301 XR FOREIGN PATENTS 774,270 5/57 Great Britain.
a NORMAN YUDKOFF, Primary Examiner.

Claims (1)

1. IN AN INSTALLATION FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF A SYNTHETIC BODY OF REVOLUTION COMPRISING A STOVE INCLUDING A WALL DEFINING AN INNER ROOM, A ROTABLE SUPPORT EXTENDING INTO THE INNER ROOM OF THE STOVE, AND A BLOWPIPE FOR DISPENSING MELTED SYNTHETIC POWDERY MATERIAL ON THE ROTATABLE SUPPORT TO FORM, BY ACCUMULATION OF THE POWDERY MATERIAL ON THE ROTATABLE SUPPORT, A SYNTHETIC BODY OF REVOLUTION, THE IMPROVEMENT COMPRISING: A SECOND MOVABLE BLOW-PIPE OPENING INTO THE INNER ROOM OF SAID STOVE IN DIAMETRICALLY OPPOSED RELATIONSHIP TO THE SAID FIRST BLOW-PIPE WITH RESPECT TO THE AXIS OF ROTATION OF SAID SUPPORT, THE AXIS OF SAID SECOND BLOW-PIPE BEING COAXIAL WITH RESPECT TO THE AXIS OF SAID FIRST BLOW-PIPE, A TABLE CARRYING SAID STOVE MOVALBE IN A DIRECTION PARALLEL TO THE COMMON AXIS OF THE TWO BLOW-PIPES, FIRST DRIVING MEANS FOR MOVING THE TABLE WITH RESPECT TO THE FIRST BLOWPIPE AT A FIRST RATE, AND SECOND DRIVING MEANS FOR MOVING THE MOVABLE BLOW-PIPE AT A SECOND DIFFERENT RATE SUCH THAT THE AXIS OF ROTATION OF THE BODY OF REVOLUTION DURING THE FOMATION THEREOF REMAINS CONSTANTLY AT HALF THE DISTANCE BETWEEN THE TWO BLOW-PIPES WHEREBY THE PERIPHERY OF THE BODY OF REVOLUTION IS MAINTAINED AT A CONSTANT DISTANCE FROM THE BLOW-PIPES.
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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3892540A (en) * 1965-10-05 1975-07-01 Ugine Kuhlmann Producing monocrystalline bodies by the verneuil method
US3960503A (en) * 1974-12-27 1976-06-01 Corning Glass Works Particulate material feeder for high temperature vacuum system

Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1597293A (en) * 1922-01-24 1926-08-24 Ruff Otto Mode of making sintered hollow bodies
US2471437A (en) * 1945-04-19 1949-05-31 Elgin Nat Watch Co Method and apparatus for producing sapphire hollow articles
US2472951A (en) * 1946-09-10 1949-06-14 Air Reduction Method and apparatus for controlling torch spacing
US2529971A (en) * 1946-07-31 1950-11-14 Schmidinger Joseph Method and apparatus for the production of bead and wire assemblies
US2671987A (en) * 1951-09-13 1954-03-16 Libbey Owens Ford Glass Co Glass bending apparatus
GB774270A (en) * 1952-12-17 1957-05-08 Western Electric Co Method of producing bodies of metals or matalloids
US2852890A (en) * 1955-08-12 1958-09-23 Union Carbide Corp Synthetic unicrystalline bodies and methods for making same
US2999737A (en) * 1954-06-13 1961-09-12 Siemens And Halske Ag Berlin A Production of highly pure single crystal semiconductor rods
US3012374A (en) * 1957-10-15 1961-12-12 Nat Lead Co Method for growing crystals

Patent Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1597293A (en) * 1922-01-24 1926-08-24 Ruff Otto Mode of making sintered hollow bodies
US2471437A (en) * 1945-04-19 1949-05-31 Elgin Nat Watch Co Method and apparatus for producing sapphire hollow articles
US2529971A (en) * 1946-07-31 1950-11-14 Schmidinger Joseph Method and apparatus for the production of bead and wire assemblies
US2472951A (en) * 1946-09-10 1949-06-14 Air Reduction Method and apparatus for controlling torch spacing
US2671987A (en) * 1951-09-13 1954-03-16 Libbey Owens Ford Glass Co Glass bending apparatus
GB774270A (en) * 1952-12-17 1957-05-08 Western Electric Co Method of producing bodies of metals or matalloids
US2999737A (en) * 1954-06-13 1961-09-12 Siemens And Halske Ag Berlin A Production of highly pure single crystal semiconductor rods
US2852890A (en) * 1955-08-12 1958-09-23 Union Carbide Corp Synthetic unicrystalline bodies and methods for making same
US3012374A (en) * 1957-10-15 1961-12-12 Nat Lead Co Method for growing crystals

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3892540A (en) * 1965-10-05 1975-07-01 Ugine Kuhlmann Producing monocrystalline bodies by the verneuil method
US3960503A (en) * 1974-12-27 1976-06-01 Corning Glass Works Particulate material feeder for high temperature vacuum system

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