US3204586A

US3204586A - Interlocking pin-socket refractory brick

Info

Publication number: US3204586A
Application number: US309696A
Authority: US
Inventors: Jr Harry A Marsh
Original assignee: EJ Lavino and Co
Current assignee: EJ Lavino and Co
Priority date: 1963-09-18
Filing date: 1963-09-18
Publication date: 1965-09-07
Anticipated expiration: 1982-09-07

Description

Sept. 7, 1965 H. A. MARSH, JR 3,

' INTERLOCKING PIN-SOCKET REFRACTORY BRICK Filed Sept. 18. 1963 I INVENTOR HARRY -A.MARsH,.\r.

I ATTORNEYS r brick consisting 3,204,586 INTEE'LUCIKING PigiSKgCKET REFRACTORY Harry A. Marsh, Jr., Rosemont, Pa, asslgnor to E. ii. Lavina and tCornpany, Philadelphia, Pa, a corporation of Delaware Filed Sept. 18, 1963, Ser. No. 309,696

9 Claims. (Cl. 110 -99) Thisinvention relates to improvements in refractory bricks designed for use in the repair and/ or construction of furnaces such as metallurgical and other industrial furnaces.

A particular object of the present invention is to provide a novel brick structure embodying a pin and socket means whereby any number of such bricks may be .coupled together or interlocked one with another for the repair or construction of a furnace or other structure in which the brick may be used or is adaptable to use.

Another object of the invention is to provide a novel I pin-socket refractory brick designed to facilitate the construction of a selfsupporting sprung arch roof structure,

such as-a sprung arch roof supported by and between skewbacks of an open hearth steel-making furnace.

More specifically, the invention has for its object to i provide an interlocking pin-socket refractory brick in the bricks firmly joined in assembled relation.

A more particular object of the invention is to provide a pin and socket unit which may be assembled in a re ceiving hole or opening preformed in a burned or unburned brick to provide the finished pin-socket brick structure.

The present invention is applicable to any type of brick, but its application is primarilydirected to basic chrome.

, In carrying out the present invention, the body of the Y brick is or may be manufactured either as a burned or unburned brick.

. The pin-socket unit which is connected with or combined with the body of the brick consists of a socketed bined therewith a pin-socket unit in accordance the of magnesite, magnesitechrome and head portion having a threaded stud projecting from the l 7 rear or back face thereof, a threaded pin having two head flanges in spaced relation on one end thereof, and a coupling sleeve inte'riorly threaded to receive the stud in one end and, the headed'pin in the other end The brick in the process of manufacture is formed with a hole extending transversely therethrough from one face to the other and with recesses at the ends of the hole one of which recesses receives an inner head flange of the headed pin while the other recess receives the'head of the unit, in which is formed a socket for the reception of a head flange of a pin carried by another brick of corre sponding construction. The body of the brick is also formed with a suitable recess opening through the top surface thereof to facilitate the insertion of the terminal head flange of a pin, into the socket of the head portion of the unit.

Thus the brick body may be preformed with suitable sockets and openings and the pin-socket unit may be a separately formed and combined with the molded brick, as needed. I

1 we ill thirtie h Patented 5;,

The invention will be best understood from a core sideration of the following detailed description taken in; connection with-the accompanying drawings formlng a part of the specification and wherein: e 7 FIGURE 1 is a perspective viewtof a brick having cornpresent invention.

FIGURE 2 is a vertical section taken substantially on and showing the pin-socket the line 2-4 of FIGURE 1 unit, in side elevation.

FIGURE 3 is an exploded perspective view of the pin-j socket unit. V

FIGURE 4 is a vertical section through the top end of a formed brick and illustrating the preformed hole and recesses therein for receiving the parts of the pin-socket unit.

the socketed head of the unit.

- FIGURE 6 illustrates, on a small scale, the useof a starter plate in association with the pin-socket brick;

FIGURE 7 is a perspective view of a starter plate for supporting five bricks.

Referring now more particularly to t h e drawings the numeral 10 generally designates a brick constructed in I accordance with the present invention in having combined therewith the finished assembly of the novel pin-socket unit, which'combination forms the complete novel pin socket refractory brick. V a

The body ofthe brickis generally designated the

numerals

14 and 16 designate functional faces which,

for convenience of description, may be respectively re ferred to as the front and rear faces of the brick. I

The brick body may be tapered or of wedgeform as illustrated or it may-be of uniformwidth and thickness from one end to the other. Brick of the taperedform or Wedge form are particularly suited for the construction of a roof arch such as the sprung arch roof of a metallur-gical furnace or an industrial furnace such asa tunnel kiln.

In my copending application Serf No. 309,750, filed I September 18, 1963, disclosing an interlocking brick struc ture and method of roof repair and construction there is illustrated and described a starting means in the form of an apertured plate designed foffacilitating the construction of a sprung arch roofand more particularly for f facilitating the making of repairs in an arch roof by the use of pin and socket brick.

The brick of the present invention may also be c111 ployed in the construction and repair of roots in accord ance with the disclosure in the stated copending applica- In accordance with the present invention the brickbody has installed therein a pin-socket unit which is here gener ally designated 18 and which extends through thebriclt l from the front to the rear face thereof asshown in FIG URE 2;

The unit 18 embodies three separateparts which are coupled together through an opening formed in the body of the brick.

The three parts of the pin-socket unit consist'ofthe socketed head which is generally designated 20, a pin and a coupling element in theform of a sleeve 24b The head 20 may be of any suitable'contourother than circular and as here illustrated it is approximately square and embodies the front and back faee's ze and Z tl respee tively, the top and

bottom faces

30 and 32. respectively and the lateral or side faces 34; Also the top side corners are cut off or chamfered asindicated at 36. p

The head 20 has formed therein, tlie' soclket opens through the top surface 30 as shown.

FIGURE 5 is a view in elevation ofthe side of the brick body showing the preformed socket for receiving lik while i 38; which bottom of the socket 38.

A threaded stud 42 is joined to and projects at right angles from the rear face 28 of the head for cooperation with the sleeve 24 in the coupling together of the parts when they are installed in the brick body in the manner hereinafter set forth.

The sleeve 24 may be of a suitable length to facilitate connecting the head and pin together and as illustrated the sleeve is interiorly screw threaded from end to end, as indicated at 44.

The pin 22 terminates at its rear end in the two head flanges 46 and 48'. The flange 46 forms the end or terminus of the pin while the flange 48, which is of slightly greater diameter than the flange 46, is spaced from the flange 46 thus forming the connecting neck portion 50.

Inwardly from the inner flange 48, the pin is screw threaded as indicated at 52 and is adapted to be threaded into an end of sleeve 24.

The terminal flange 46 of the pin 22 is of a diameter greater than the width of the slot 449 in the head 20 but is of less width than the interior of the socket 38. Also the diameter of the neck portion 50 is slightly less than the width of the slot 40 and it is of a length slightly greater than the width of the slot from the front face 26 of the head to the forward inner side of the socket 38. Thus it will be seen that the terminal head flange 46 of the pin may be introduced into the socket 38 of the head 20 of another brick carried unit.

The brick body 12'is initially formed as illustrated in FIGURES 4 and 5 with openings and recesses to receive the parts of the pin-socket unit.

.As previously stated the brick may be manufactured either as'a burned or unburned brick with the necessary hole and pin, as well as socket head recesses pressed into the brick. After drying or burning, depending on whether the brick is chemically bonded or ceramically bonded, the threaded pin, sleeve and socketed head are installed to give the finished pin-socket brick.

Accordingly, upon reference to FIGURES 4 and 5 it will be seen that the body 12 of thebrick is formed with a bore or passage 54 therethrough from the front to the rear faces. At the rear face the passage opens into a circular recess 56 while at the front face of the brick the passage opens into a recess 58 of polygonal design or contour to conform to and receive the socketed head 20.

In addition to the recesses 56 and 53 the body of the brick is provided with the pin head entrance recess 60 which opens through the front face 14 and through the top surface 62 of the brick body. This entrance recess 60 is of approximately the same width as the socket 38 so as to permit the terminal head flange 46 of a pin to pass downwardly into the socket 38.

While the passage or bore 54 may be formed completely through the body of the brick in the initial pressing of the terminal recesses, the terminal recesses only may be formed in the material of the brick before it is burned or hardened and the passage 54 may be subsequently formed by drilling. In either case the brick body is completed as a burned or unburned brick with the necessary bore or passage and recesses ready to receive the pin-socket unit.

In installing the unit in the brick body the sleeve 24 may first be connected with the threaded stud 42 and then the sleeve and stud inserted into the bore 54 and the socketed head 20 located in the recess 58. The pin 22 will then be inserted into the opposite end of the bore 54 and into the sleeve and threaded into the sleeve so as to draw the parts together, in which operation the inner head flange 48 will enter the recess 56 and will act as a depthstop as the pin is tightened against the brick material.

4 asoassa When the socketed head 20 is thus drawn tightly into the recess 58 the outer face 26 of the head 20 will be flush with the adjacent side of the brick. v I

The socketed head 20 may be of any polygonal outline. The square shape illustrated or any other noncircular shape, will prevent the pin receiving slot from turning in the recess 58 during the operation of tightening the pin 22 into the sleeve 24. As long as the recess is correctly located during the pressing of the brick, the head 20 and its pin receiving slot will of necessity be locked or secured in its correct position with the socket-38 in correct alignment with the entrance recess 60. s

The chamfered corners 36, entering into correspondingly angled portions of the recess 58 in the brick body, will prevent the socketed head from being installed sideways or upside down as might be the case if the recess 58 and the head 20 should be perfectly square or rectangular. I

When the pin-socket unit is secured in the brick body in the manner described and illustrated in FIGURE 2 the inner head flange 48. on the pin 22 will be completely within the circular recess 56 and the terminal head flange 46 will project beyond the rear face 16 of the brick body to a suflicient extent to permit it to be snugly inserted into the socket 38 of a brick of similar construction so that the two opposing faces of two coupled bricks will be relatively tightly held or secured together.

As hereinbefore stated the present interlocking pin socket brick structure, while it may be used in combination with any number of other similar brocks, may also be used in association with an apertured plate or other starting means, such as' that illustrated in FIGUREV, either for building up a roof arch in the manner illustrated in FIGURE 6 or for making a roof repair.

' In the use of a starter plate such as that shown in FIG- URE 7 and generally designated 62 such plate may be suspended in a suitable manner from a furnace superstructure and one or more of the bracks connected therewith by engaging the headed end 'of the pin in a slot 64 in the plate 62. However, the plate may have one or any number of such slots, shown a keyhole slots 64 therein depending upon the number of bricks to be suspended in side by side relation.

In FIGURE 6 the numeral 66 designatesan element of may be supported by means of a tie rod or tie rods 68. If the starter plate is of the form shown in FIGURE 7, for supporting several bricks, here indicated as five, by the provision of the five keyhole slots 64, then several suspension tie rods 68 may be employed each being attached to the beam 66 and having an end engaged in an aperture 70 in the starter plate. After a brick has been applied to the high side of the starter plate, that is the side nearest to the crown of the roof, assuming that a patching or repair job is being done, then additional bricks may be coupled with the brick applied to the starter plate to work upwardly in building up the roof structure.

In the use of the pin-socket bricks for building up a roof from the skewback 72, use may be made of a starter plate 74 suspended by a tie rod or other means as illus trated, the tie rod shown being designated 76 and secured to an adjacent beam, with the first brick applied directly against and secured to the skewback as illustrated. The plate would have a bottom flange 74a to support the first brick, resting against the skewback, as shown.

Alternatively the skeyback may be provided with a suitable slotted means for attaching the first brick thereto instead of using the flanged plate 74.

Where one brick is coupled directly to and against the side of another brick it will be obvious that the head flange 46 of the pin will be set forwardly of the adjacent face of the brick body to provide between such face of the brick body and the rear side of the head 46, a space just sufficient to snugly receive the flange or edge of the slot 40 when thehe'ad 46-is slipped down into the socket claims.

38. Thus the two adjacent or opposing faces of the bricks will be disposed in close engaging relationship.

Where a starter plate is used 'such as the plate 74 or the plate 62 shown in FIGURES 6 and 7 the portion of I the pin carrying the flange or

flanges

46 and 48 would be added would then, of course, be attached to the high 'side of the brick attached to the starter plate as illustrated.

While in describing the socketed head, reference has been made to the form or contour as being polygonal, or any suitable contour, other than circular, it is to be understood that this does not exclude a form which could be partly circular, or elliptical, with one or more flat areas,

or any form which would be effective to prevent place-' ment of the head in any but the correct working position.

As this invention may be embodied in several forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics thereof, the present embodiment is therefore illustrative and not restrictive, since the scope of the invention is defined by theappended claims rather than by the description preceding-them, and all changes that fall within the metes and bounds of the claims or that form their functional as well as conjointly cooperative equivalents, are therefore intended to be embraced by those I claim: 1. An interlocking brick, comprising a body of brick material having two opposite functional faces, a preform recess in one of said faces, a preformed passageway having an end opening in and leading from said recess through the brick body and having an opposite end open ing through the other one of said faces and a pin-socket unit comprising at least two portions, each of said portions having an inner end part inserted in one end of said passageway, one of said portions having a headed pin on the outer 'end thereof projecting beyond said other one of said faces, the other one of said portions having means on the outer end thereof inserted in and operatively positioned'in said recess and formed to provide a socket adapted to receive the headed pin of a like portion of a pin-socket unit of another brick, and means detachably coupling together the said inner end parts of the two said portions whereby the pin-socket unit is detachable from and attachable to the brick body.

2. The invention according-to claim 1, wherein the, said means on the outer end of the other one of said portions, comprises an enlargement of the last said one of the portions forming a head having a side at and substantially coplanar with the adjacent face of rthe brick body and wherein the said socket opens through the said side of the head.

3. An interlocking brick structure comprising a brick body having two opposite functional faces and having a top, the body having a preformed passageway therethrough opening at its ends through said functional faces, one open end of the passageway being enlarged to provide a preformed recess of non-circu1ar contour in the thepassageway and removal of the unit therefrom, one of 1 said two portions having an enlarged outer end forming a heady positioned in and having a perimetrical contour substantially conforming to the contour of said recess, said head having an exposed outer side and having a top, the head having a socket therein opening through said sideof the head into-the socket, and a preformed entrancev recess in the top portion of the brick body above the first recess providing means for entering said outer end and head flange respectively above said other portion into said slot and socket of a similar brick carried unit.

4. The invention according to claim 3, wherein the said preformed entrance recess opens throughthe top:

of the brick body.

5. The invention according to claim 3, wherein the contour of said head and of the first said recess is polygonal.

6. An interlocking brick structure comprising a brick body having two opposite faces, the body having a preformed passageway therethrough between the faces and terminating at each end in a preformed enlarged recess in each of the faces, an elongate unit extending through said passageway and embodying a first portion and a second portion, each ,of said portions having an inner end part and an outer end part and each portion having its inner end part inserted'into oneend of the passageway, means detachably joining said inner end parts together whereby the unit may be attached to and detached from the brick body, said first portion having a socket head at the outer end thereof seated in one of said preformed recesses and said second portion having a first head flange adjacent to its outer end and seated inthe other one of said preformed recesses, said second portion having a second head flange spaced from the first head flange and also spaced outwardly from the adjacent face of the brick body, said socket head having a top and having a socket therein opening through said top and also having a slot leading into said socket and opening through said top, and said socket and, slot being dimensioned to receive the second mentioned head flange and the adjacent part' of the second portion between the head flanges of another similar brick carried unit.

7. An interlocking brick structure comprising a brick body having a top surface and having two opposite side functional faces, the brick body having a preformed passageway therein extending transversely therethrough be tween said opposite side functional faces and located be low said top surface, each of said opposite side faces having a preformed recess therein and each recess forming a terminal part of said passageway, one of said recesses being of polygonal contour and communicating withan upwardly extending preformed entrance recess in the brick body which opens through the adjacent face of the :body and through the top surface thereof, a pin-socket unit comprising a first portion and a second portion, each of said portions having an inner end part and an outer end part and each portion having an inner end part inserted into one end of the passageway, means detachably joining said inner and outer end parts together whereby the unit may be attached to and detached from the brick body, said first portion having an enlarged outer end forming a headhaving a front face and having a top, said head being of a correspondingperipheral contour to and being seated .insaid polygonal contoured recess, said head having a socket therein opening throughsaid top of the head, the head having a slot opening into the socket through said front face and opening through the top of the head, said socket and slot leading into said preformed entrance recess, the said means detachably joining said inner end parts together being a coupler element between and having threaded connection with said inner end parts, said second portion having at the said outer end thereof an inner head flange anda terminal head flange, said head flanges being in spaced relation, the said inner head flange being dimensioned to engage in the recess in the brick body opposite from the polygonal recess and said terminal head flange and a part of the said second portion between the flanges extending outwardly beyond the adjacent functional face and being dimensioned to respectively enter the slot and socket of a socketed head of a corresponding unit by way of the I said entrance recess in the brick body.

8. An interlocking brick structure according to claim 7, wherein said socket head has opposite chamfered top corners corresponding to angled corner portions of the polygonal recess in the brick body.

9. An interlocking brick comprising a body of brick material having two opposite functional faces and a top face, a preformed recess in one of said faces, aj preformed passageway having an end opening in and leading from said recess through the brick body and having an opposite-end opening through the other one of said I faces and a pin-socket unit comprising at least two portions, each of said portions having an inner end part inserted in one end of said passageway, one of said portions having a headed pin on the outer end thereof projecting beyond said other one of said faces, the other one of said portions having means on the outer end thereof inserted in and openatively positioned in said recess and formed to provide a socket adapted to receive the headed pin of a like portion of a pin-socket unit of an- 8 other brick, and means detachably coupling together th said inner end parts of the two said portions whereby the pin-socket unit is detachable from and attachable to the brick body, said socket being exposed at the adjacent face of the brick body and having a top side opening into a slot in the brick body which extends to and opens through the top face of the brick body.

References Cited by the Examiner UNITED STATES PATENTS 1,186,501 6/16 Stafiord -441 X 1,834,842 12/31 Houghtaling 50-446 X 2,142,305 1/39 Davis 50-437 2,210,028 8/40 Swanson.

2,281,482 4/42 Crayton -9 2,594,027 4/52 J akeway 85-9 X 2,885,976 5/59 McGill et a1 -99 2,951,274 9/ 60 Elsner.

FOREIGN PATENTS 144,440 6/20 Great Britain.

FREDERICK MATTESON, IR., Primary Examiner.

FREDERICK KE'I'IERER, JAMES W. WESTHAVER,

Examiners.

Claims

1. AN INTERLOCKING BRICK, COMPRISING A BODY OF BRICK MATERIAL HAVING TWO OPPOSITE FUNCTIONAL FACES, A PREFORM RECESS IN ONE OF SAID FACES, A PREFORMED PASSAGEWAY HAVING AN END OPENING IN AND LEADING FROM SAID RECESS THROUGH THE BRICK BODY AND HAVING AN OPPOSITE END OPENING THROUGH THE OTHER ONE OF SAID FACES AND A PIN-SOCKET UNIT COMPRISING AT LEAST TWO PORTIONS, EACH OF SAID PORTIONS HAVING AN INNER END PART INSERTED IN ONE END OF SAID PASSAGEWAY, ONE OF SAID PORTIONS HAVING A HEADED PIN ON THE OUTER END THEREOF PROJECTING BEYOND SAID OTHER ONE OF SAID FACES, THE OTHER ONE OF SAID PORTIONS HAVING MEANS ON THE OUTER END THEREOF INSERTED IN AND OPERATIVELY POSITIONED IN SAID RECESS AND FOR MED TO PROVIDE A SOCKET ADAPTED TO RECEIVE THE HEADED PIN OF A LIKE PORTION OF A PIN-SOCKET UNIT OF ANOTHER BROCK, AND MEANS DETACHABLY COUPLING TOGETHER THE SAID INNER END PARTS OF THE TWO SAID PORTIONS WHEREBY THE PIN-SOCKET UNIT IS DETACHABLY FROM AND ATTACHABLY TO THE BRICK BODY.