US3193000A - Unit ventilator - Google Patents

Unit ventilator Download PDF

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Publication number
US3193000A
US3193000A US151508A US15150861A US3193000A US 3193000 A US3193000 A US 3193000A US 151508 A US151508 A US 151508A US 15150861 A US15150861 A US 15150861A US 3193000 A US3193000 A US 3193000A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
air
passage
room
heating
cooling
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US151508A
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English (en)
Inventor
Charles J Bressoud
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
American Air Filter Co Inc
Original Assignee
American Air Filter Co Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by American Air Filter Co Inc filed Critical American Air Filter Co Inc
Priority to US151508A priority Critical patent/US3193000A/en
Priority to GB42271/62A priority patent/GB998364A/en
Priority to DE19641454530 priority patent/DE1454530A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3193000A publication Critical patent/US3193000A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F1/00—Room units for air-conditioning, e.g. separate or self-contained units or units receiving primary air from a central station
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
    • F24F11/30—Control or safety arrangements for purposes related to the operation of the system, e.g. for safety or monitoring
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
    • F24F11/70—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof
    • F24F11/72—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the supply of treated air, e.g. its pressure
    • F24F11/74—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the supply of treated air, e.g. its pressure for controlling air flow rate or air velocity
    • F24F11/76—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the supply of treated air, e.g. its pressure for controlling air flow rate or air velocity by means responsive to temperature, e.g. bimetal springs
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F13/00—Details common to, or for air-conditioning, air-humidification, ventilation or use of air currents for screening
    • F24F13/08—Air-flow control members, e.g. louvres, grilles, flaps or guide plates
    • F24F13/10—Air-flow control members, e.g. louvres, grilles, flaps or guide plates movable, e.g. dampers
    • F24F13/14—Air-flow control members, e.g. louvres, grilles, flaps or guide plates movable, e.g. dampers built up of tilting members, e.g. louvre
    • F24F13/15—Air-flow control members, e.g. louvres, grilles, flaps or guide plates movable, e.g. dampers built up of tilting members, e.g. louvre with parallel simultaneously tiltable lamellae

Definitions

  • This invention relates to room unit ventilators of the type which can mechanically cool air as well as heat it, and which also use outdoor air to ventilate and naturally cool a space.
  • Unit ventilators which cool air by passing it through a heat exchanger or coil to which chilled water is supplied have been in use for some time. These unit ventilators are characterized as being capable of providing mechanical cooling although they also provide natural cooling during the heating season by admitting outdoor air which is cooler than room air. They normally have a single coil selectively receiving either a heating or a cooling medium. Consequently they are limited to providing heated air or naturally cooled air during the periods when a heated tempering medium is supplied to the coil, and to providing mechanically cooled air when a chilled tempering medium is supplied. Since the heating and cooling loads encountered in different rooms having units on a common piping circuit may be quite different during certain periods, the ability of some of the units to provide air of the proper temperature is precluded during these periods. In other Words, on some days some rooms may require heating part of the time while others require a degree of cooling which is not available by the use of outside air alone.
  • an object of this invention is to provide a unit ventilator which has a double coil arrangement so that at certain times the unit can either heat or cool the air as needed.
  • Another object is the provision of a damper system for such a unit ventilator.
  • the unit ventilator embodying this invention includes separate interior heating and cooling passageways with a heat exchanger in each, primary damper means which controls the ratio of room air to outdoor air admitted to the unit, and secondary damper means which controls what part of the admitted air is directed through one or the other of the interior passageways.
  • the secondary damper means are operated as face and bypass dampers with no requirement that operation of these dampers be reversed during one season as contrasted to another season. That is, irrespective of whether a heating medium, a chilling medium, or both are supplied, the secondary damper means operate in one direction in response to a rise in room temperature, and in the opposite direction in response to a fall in room temperature.
  • the unit ventilator embodying the invention retains all of the advantages inherent in conventional unit ventilators such as the ability to use outdoor air to the fullest extent possible for natural cooling.
  • FIGURE 1 is a somewhat diagrammatic vertical sectional view of a ceiling mounted unit ventilator embodying the invention, the section corresponding to one taken along the line 1-1 of FIGURE 2;
  • FIGURE 2 is a bottom view of the unit of FIGURE 1;
  • FIGURE 3 is a fragmentary side view of that part of the unit containing the dampers and damper linkage with the primary damper means shown in a position closed to outdoor air and the secondary damper means shown in a position to direct all of the admitted air through the heating coil;
  • FIGURE 4 is a view similar to FIGURE 3 but with the damper linkage deleted and the primary and secondary damper means in positions opposite to those shown in FIGURE 3;
  • FIGURE 5 is a simplified schematic View of one pneumatic temperature control system for automatically controlling damper operation in response to space temperature variations
  • FIGURES 6 and 7 are graphs illustrating the positions of the primary damper means and secondary damper means under one common cycle of operation with various temperatures in the conditioned room.
  • FIGURE 1 a unit ventilator embodying the invention is shown in mounted position with its upper side against a ceiling 2 and its air inlet end against an exterior Wall 4 of the room.
  • the unit is of conventional construction.
  • the interior of the unit is divided by partitions 6 (FIGURE 2) into a pair of opposite end compartments 8 and a central compartment 10 through which the air passes.
  • the end compartments provide space for the fan motor, piping connections, and automatic temperature control components, none of which are shown.
  • room air and outdoor air are admitted in controlled proportions through bottom panel grille 12 and louvered inlet 14 respectively.
  • the primary damper means 16 controls the ratio of room air admitted to outdoor air admitted.
  • the admitted air then passes through an air filter 18;
  • the upper passage contains a coil 28 adapted to receive a cooling medium only, while a coil 30 adapted to receive a heating medium only is disposed in the lower passage.
  • the upper passage 22 will hereafter be referred to as the cooling passage, and the lower passage 24 will be referred to as the heating passage, although it will be understood that each passage will at times function simply as a bypass passage when it is not supplied with a tempering medium.
  • the cooling passage is somewhat larger in cross-sectional area than the heating passage to obtain a substantially balanced air flow resistance between the two passages. It is also noted that the heating passage rather than the cooling passage is adjacent the finished front panel of the unit ventilator cabinet so that the possibility of chilling the front panel and thus causing condensation thereon is avoided.
  • a drip pan 32 underlies the cooling coil 28 to receive condensate therefrom. Details of this drip pan are shown in Millman U.S. application SN. 97,587 now U.S. Patent 3,102,654, and will not be described in detail herein.
  • Several spaced centrifugal fans 34 draw the air into and through the unit, and then discharge it into the room through outlet grilles 36.
  • the primary damper means 16 includes a balanced room air damper 38 and a pair of outdoor air dampers 40 linked to move together.
  • the secondary damper means includes a damper 4-2 at the inletto the heating passage 24, and a pair of dampers 44 linked to move together at the inlet to the cooling passage 22.
  • Each damper is mounted upon its particular shaft 46 which extends through the central compartment and is journalled adjacent its ends in the partitions'6 dividingrthe central and end compartments so that the dampers can be rotated by turning that end of its shaft protruding into the end compartment.
  • the primary damper motor may be set to V maintain aminimum, outdoor air position when it'receives air pressure within the range of 3-9 p.s.i.. with this air ing rod 48 to the left at the upper end of the primary a counterclockwise direction around fixed pivot point 52 and thus move the outdoor air dampers 40 toward an open pressure range corresponding to room temperature variations of, say,rplus' and minus 2 from the set point, and
  • the secondary damper motor may be setto move the heating and cooling passage dampers between theirextreme position through link 54 andlong'er link 56 rotating crank 58 and bell crank 60 respectively, each of the latter, being fixed to its respective damper 'shaft46.
  • the rotation of bell crank 6% permits room: air damper 38 to re-position itself toward a closedrposition' (as described in the last'- noted Millrnan application) through slotted link 62 and) slotted crank 64 fixed to the room air: damper shaft.
  • the connecting linkage for the secondary damper means is operated from its FIGURE 3 illustrated position by a force from the damper operator moving rod 66 to the right so that bell crank 68 rotates clockwise and link 70 pulls" the heating passage damper is fully open.
  • the cooling passage damper positioned to admit a predeterminedrminimum percentage of outdoor air, the cooling passage damper, is closed and f 'Then as the room temperature rises-to the set point, the
  • FIGURE 3 illustrates the dampers aiidd'amper linkage in one extreme position while FIGURE 4 illustrates the dampers in an opposite extreme position.
  • FIGURE 5 One pneumatic temperature control arrangement, by way of example, for controlling the'dampers in accordance with temperature variations within the served room is shown in FIGURE 5.
  • the arrangement of FIGURE 5 includes: a main air supply line 78; a room thermostat 80;
  • a secondary damper means operator or motor 82 a secondary damper means operator or motor 82; a relayvalve device 84; a primary damper meanspperato'r or rnotor' 86 a minimum pressure air supply line 88; thermostat 90 responsive to outdoor temperatures; a'minimum pressure relay 92; and a series of branch lines 94, 98, 10 0,
  • control system has been described in terms of a pneumatic arrangement, other systems such as electrio and electronic may be used instead. Further, the control system may be arranged to provide cycles other than the described one wherein a minimum percentage of outdoor air is provided, and other conventional variations in control arrangements may be employed.
  • valve control of the heating medium may be employed
  • an airstream thermostat may be used and connected to branch line 96
  • the heating medium temperature may be reset in accordance with outdoor air temperatures
  • other means than the relay arrangement and outdoor thermostat may be used to limit opening of the outdoor air damper during periods of chilled water circulation only
  • Patent 2,971,450 may be used to obtain operation of both the primary and secondary damper means with a single damper motor.
  • a room unit ventilator including a cabinet having a room air inlet and an outdoor air inlet, an air outlet, and blower means for inducing the flow of air through said cabinet:
  • a room unit ventilator including a cabinet having a room air inlet and an outdoor air inlet, an air outlet through which air is discharged into said room, and blower means for inducing the flow of air through said cabinet:
  • partition means separating a part of said cabinet interior into separate air heating and air cooling passages containing heat exchangers adapted to selectively receive a heating medium and a cooling medium respectively with said heat exchangers at times 6 simultaneously receiving their respective tempering mediums;
  • (f) means operating said secondary damper means throughout its entire range to vary in proportioning fashion the air directed through said separate passages in accordance with departures in room temperature from a selected temperature irrespective of the character of the tempering medium supplied to said unit ventilator.
  • a room unit ventilator including a cabinet having air inlet means for admitting room air and outdoor air into an inlet end portion of said cabinet, air outlet means at the outlet end of said cabinet, and blower means between said air inlet and air outlet means:
  • partition means dividing a portion of said cabinet between said inlet and said outlet ends into separate heating and cooling passages
  • heat exchange means adapted to receive a heating medium only, disposed in said heating passage
  • (0) heat exchange means adapted to receive a cooling medium only, disposed in said cooling passage, said heat exchange means at times simultaneously receiving their respective heating and cooling mediums;
  • (g) means operating said secondary damper means to progressively increase and decrease the ratio of air directed through said cooling passage to air directed through said heating passage in response toprogressively sively rising and falling room temperature respectively within a predetermined range, irrespective of whether a heating medium, a cooling medium, or both are being supplied to said heat exchangers.
  • a room unit ventilator including a cabinet having a room air inlet and an outdoor air inlet, an air outlet, and blower means for inducing the flow of air through said cabinet:
  • a cooling passage having a cooling coil and a separate heating passage having a heating coil between said air inlets and air outlet, said cooling and heating passage being in parallel with each other and providing alternate flow paths, said coils being adapted to selectively receive a heating medium and a cooling medium respectively in accordance with the heating andcooling loads'to which said room is subjected,
  • (d) means operating said second set of dampers to increase and decrease in'proportioning fashion the ratio of air directed through said heating passage to air directed through said cooling passage in response to a falling and rising room temperature respectively; irrespective of whether both or only one of said coils is receiving its tempering medium; V (e) means operating said first set of dampers through-- admission of outdoor air when only said cooling coil out said range in accordance with room temperature variations when said heating coil is receiving said" heating medium, and restricting operation of said first set of dampers to a part of said range limiting is receiving said cooling medium.
  • a room unit ventilator including a cabinet having a room air inlet and an outdoor air'inlet, an air outlet, and
  • blower means for inducing the flow of air through s aid' cabinet:
  • heating passage having a heating coil 'between said air inlets and air outlet, said cooling and heating passages being in parallel with each other coil and" a 2' and providing alternate flow paths; said coils being adapted to selectively receive a heating medium and a cooling medium respectively in accordance with the heating and cooling loads to which said room is subjected, said coils at times simultaneously receiving their respective heating and cooling mediums;
  • proportioning face and bypass dampers in response to departures in room temperature from a selected temperature, irrespective of whether, only one'or both of said coils receive a tempering medium
  • a room unit ventilator including a cabinet having a room air inlet and an outdoor air inlet, an air outlet, and blower means for inducing the flow of air through said cabinet; 7 V c a (a) primary damper means movable in a range between one extreme position blocking said room air inlet and an opposite extreme position blocking said outdoor air inlet;
  • each passage having a heat exchanger passage being'of substantially greater cross sectional area than said heating passage, with said heat exchangers at times simultaneously receiving their respective tempering mediums;

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Air Conditioning Control Device (AREA)
  • Air-Conditioning Room Units, And Self-Contained Units In General (AREA)
  • Air-Flow Control Members (AREA)
US151508A 1961-11-10 1961-11-10 Unit ventilator Expired - Lifetime US3193000A (en)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US151508A US3193000A (en) 1961-11-10 1961-11-10 Unit ventilator
GB42271/62A GB998364A (en) 1961-11-10 1962-11-08 Improvements in or relating to room ventilators
DE19641454530 DE1454530A1 (de) 1961-11-10 1964-12-10 Raumluefter mit Klimatisiereinrichtung

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US151508A US3193000A (en) 1961-11-10 1961-11-10 Unit ventilator

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Publication Number Publication Date
US3193000A true US3193000A (en) 1965-07-06

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US151508A Expired - Lifetime US3193000A (en) 1961-11-10 1961-11-10 Unit ventilator

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US (1) US3193000A (de)
DE (1) DE1454530A1 (de)
GB (1) GB998364A (de)

Cited By (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3286479A (en) * 1965-03-31 1966-11-22 Carrier Corp Inlet air control
US3299796A (en) * 1964-11-17 1967-01-24 Carrier Corp Air conditioning unit
US3367259A (en) * 1965-12-06 1968-02-06 Harlow D. Savage Jr. Air mixing apparatus
US3394754A (en) * 1966-08-08 1968-07-30 Mammtoth Ind Inc Method and apparatus for controlling air flow
US3512578A (en) * 1967-08-24 1970-05-19 Ltg Lufttechnisch Gmbh Air conditioner
US3685575A (en) * 1969-03-26 1972-08-22 Maurice Henriot Prefabricated heating, ventilating and air conditioning unit
US3980129A (en) * 1973-12-04 1976-09-14 Knut Bergdahl Heat exchange in ventilation installation
US4109705A (en) * 1973-12-04 1978-08-29 Knut Bergdahl Heat exchange in ventilation installation
US4199101A (en) * 1979-01-26 1980-04-22 Johnson Controls, Inc. Multiple load integrated fluid control units
US5318099A (en) * 1992-08-17 1994-06-07 Johnson Service Company Method and apparatus for emulating a perimeter induction unit air conditioning system
US20070164124A1 (en) * 2006-01-16 2007-07-19 Halton Oy Supply air terminal device and method for regulating the airflow rate
US20090090789A1 (en) * 2007-10-04 2009-04-09 Consolidated Edison Company Building heating system and method of operation

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FI84857C (fi) * 1987-09-15 1992-01-27 Ilmaterae Oy Reglerings- och staenganordning foer gasstroemmar.
GB2234421B (en) * 1989-08-04 1993-08-25 Spooner Ind Ltd Heating or drying apparatus

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2130606A (en) * 1936-10-31 1938-09-20 Wanamaker Ernest Air conditioning
US3004752A (en) * 1959-01-12 1961-10-17 Gen Motors Corp Integrated automotive heating and air conditioning systems
US3122202A (en) * 1960-06-14 1964-02-25 Harry J Scharres Apparatus for heating and cooling air

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2130606A (en) * 1936-10-31 1938-09-20 Wanamaker Ernest Air conditioning
US3004752A (en) * 1959-01-12 1961-10-17 Gen Motors Corp Integrated automotive heating and air conditioning systems
US3122202A (en) * 1960-06-14 1964-02-25 Harry J Scharres Apparatus for heating and cooling air

Cited By (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3299796A (en) * 1964-11-17 1967-01-24 Carrier Corp Air conditioning unit
US3286479A (en) * 1965-03-31 1966-11-22 Carrier Corp Inlet air control
US3367259A (en) * 1965-12-06 1968-02-06 Harlow D. Savage Jr. Air mixing apparatus
US3394754A (en) * 1966-08-08 1968-07-30 Mammtoth Ind Inc Method and apparatus for controlling air flow
US3512578A (en) * 1967-08-24 1970-05-19 Ltg Lufttechnisch Gmbh Air conditioner
US3685575A (en) * 1969-03-26 1972-08-22 Maurice Henriot Prefabricated heating, ventilating and air conditioning unit
US3980129A (en) * 1973-12-04 1976-09-14 Knut Bergdahl Heat exchange in ventilation installation
US4109705A (en) * 1973-12-04 1978-08-29 Knut Bergdahl Heat exchange in ventilation installation
US4199101A (en) * 1979-01-26 1980-04-22 Johnson Controls, Inc. Multiple load integrated fluid control units
US5318099A (en) * 1992-08-17 1994-06-07 Johnson Service Company Method and apparatus for emulating a perimeter induction unit air conditioning system
US20070164124A1 (en) * 2006-01-16 2007-07-19 Halton Oy Supply air terminal device and method for regulating the airflow rate
US8469783B2 (en) 2006-01-16 2013-06-25 Halton Oy Supply air terminal device and method for regulating the airflow rate
US20090090789A1 (en) * 2007-10-04 2009-04-09 Consolidated Edison Company Building heating system and method of operation
US8955763B2 (en) * 2007-10-04 2015-02-17 Consolidated Edison Company Of New York, Inc. Building heating system and method of operation

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Publication number Publication date
DE1454530A1 (de) 1969-01-16
GB998364A (en) 1965-07-14

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