US318433A - Anton e - Google Patents
Anton e Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US318433A US318433A US318433DA US318433A US 318433 A US318433 A US 318433A US 318433D A US318433D A US 318433DA US 318433 A US318433 A US 318433A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- fiber
- boiling
- pounds
- anton
- vessel
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 52
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 38
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 38
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N HCl Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 235000011167 hydrochloric acid Nutrition 0.000 description 12
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 12
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000003518 caustics Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 8
- 210000004369 Blood Anatomy 0.000 description 6
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- ARUVKPQLZAKDPS-UHFFFAOYSA-L Copper(II) sulfate Chemical compound [Cu+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] ARUVKPQLZAKDPS-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 6
- 235000015450 Tilia cordata Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 239000008280 blood Substances 0.000 description 6
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
- 229910000366 copper(II) sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000002657 fibrous material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 description 6
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000000344 soap Substances 0.000 description 6
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium hydroxide Inorganic materials [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
- 235000011121 sodium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 239000003760 tallow Substances 0.000 description 6
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N tin hydride Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000004061 bleaching Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 4
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N AI2O3 Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 240000008564 Boehmeria nivea Species 0.000 description 2
- 240000000218 Cannabis sativa Species 0.000 description 2
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbonic acid Chemical compound OC(O)=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000011777 Corchorus aestuans Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 240000000491 Corchorus aestuans Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000010862 Corchorus capsularis Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 2
- 206010022114 Injury Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 235000004431 Linum usitatissimum Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 240000006240 Linum usitatissimum Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000009108 Urtica dioica Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 240000004767 Urtica dioica Species 0.000 description 2
- 229940037003 alum Drugs 0.000 description 2
- NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonia chloride Chemical compound [NH4+].[Cl-] NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000019270 ammonium chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000007844 bleaching agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000009120 camo Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000005607 chanvre indien Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011487 hemp Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000012765 hemp Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000012766 marijuana Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009877 rendering Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000003313 weakening Effects 0.000 description 2
Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21C—PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE BY REMOVING NON-CELLULOSE SUBSTANCES FROM CELLULOSE-CONTAINING MATERIALS; REGENERATION OF PULPING LIQUORS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- D21C9/00—After-treatment of cellulose pulp, e.g. of wood pulp, or cotton linters ; Treatment of dilute or dewatered pulp or process improvement taking place after obtaining the raw cellulosic material and not provided for elsewhere
- D21C9/10—Bleaching ; Apparatus therefor
- D21C9/1026—Other features in bleaching processes
- D21C9/1036—Use of compounds accelerating or improving the efficiency of the processes
Definitions
- EPECIFECA'IZON forming part of Letters Patent No. (318,1-33, dated May 19, 1885.
- My invention relates to the preparation of fiber for the manufacture of paper, the object being, first, the more effectual and economical reduction of the raw or fiber-producing mate rial to a useful fiber; second, to render the fiber practically incombustible or uninflammable, and, thirdly, to bleach the fiber effectually Without injury thereto.
- My invention therefor consists of three steps, all relating to one end-the manufacture of a fiber fit for those purposes for which fiber is ordinarily used, and free from the liability of combustion, to which articles made out of ordinary vegetable fiber are subject.
- the boiling is continued another hour.
- the material is washed in an ordinary washing apparatus, and is then dried, preferably in a centrifugal drier. It is then placed in the. second vessel of the same capacity as that in which it was boiled, as above described, which vessel is filled to about two-thirds of its capacity with water, which is brought to aboiling-point in the same manner. About sixtytwo grams of blue vitriol and sal-ammoniac and four pounds of crystal soda are dissolved in this water; the material boiled therein one hour. Thereafter it is properly washed in suitable washing apparatus and again wrung out, and, if necessary, also dried. It is then in condition for manufacture into paper, or into any fabric for which fiber is fitted or ordinarily used; but is not fire or flame proof, this quality being imparted by the second step in the process, if such quality be desired.
- the second part of my invention relates to the treatment of the material after it has been subjected to aforesaid process; and for the purpose of rendering it uninfiammable, it is placed into a closed vessel or vat, and for every one hundred pounds of material I add four pounds of lime, four pounds of blood, and one pound chemically pure muriat-ic acid. WVater must be added sufficiently to cover the material completely during the boiling, and in this boiling I increase the heat, the steam being superheated, a two-thirds additional atmospheric pressure,and the boiling is carried on uninterruptedly for five to six hours. By this method of boiling there is no danger of explosion, and all interior rubbing is avoided, the waste is small, and there is no weakening of the fibers.
- the fibrous material treated by the second step above described may be obtained by the process described as the first step, or by any known and suitable means for obtaining fiber from fibrous raw material; but I prefer to use my first step for the reason that the process is shorter and there is less cost or waste of fiber, and no after treatment is required to fit the fiber for use.
- the bleaching, when required, for the fiber is done as follows: I obtain dephlogisticated muriatic acid gas by pouring into a largesized retort one part of manganese and by covering it with two to three parts muriatic acid. I then put the retort in a warm bath, 80 Reaumur, and connect the retort with a receiver, where the fiber is placed. As soon as the muriatic acid dissolves the manganese,the dephlogisticated m'uriatic-acid gas goes over into the receiver and bleaches to a clear white the whole material without destroying the fiber. Six pounds manganese and three liters chemically pure muriatic acid are sufficient for two hundred pounds of fibrous material.
- the fibrous material is introduced in a vat with five pounds of the best alum and two pounds of sulphate of alumina. YVater enough is added to cover the goods, which are boiled therein two hours. The fiber is then dried, and the uninfiammable or fireproof and bleached fiber is completed.
- known chemical equivalents may be used; but I prefer those specified.
- the above-described process of obtaining fiber from fibrous stock or materials consisting in first boiling the materials in a solution. of caustic lie, with tallow soap and chloride of tin added thereto, and in boiling a second time in asolution of blue vitriol, whereby the fiber is produced, all substantially as described.
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Chemical Or Physical Treatment Of Fibers (AREA)
Description
lUNlTlED dramas Parent @rrrcn.
ANTON E, NEXVMAN, OF NEW YORK, N. Y., ASSIGNOR OF ONEHALF TO CARTJETON C. VALENTINE, OF SAME PLACE.
MANUFACTURE OF FIBER FOR PAPER, 850.
EPECIFECA'IZON forming part of Letters Patent No. (318,1-33, dated May 19, 1885.
Application filed October 16, 1884.
To all whom it may concern:
Be it known that I, ANTON E. NEWMAN, of New York, in the county of New York and State of New York, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Manufacture of Fiber for Paper, 850.; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description of the same.
My invention relates to the preparation of fiber for the manufacture of paper, the object being, first, the more effectual and economical reduction of the raw or fiber-producing mate rial to a useful fiber; second, to render the fiber practically incombustible or uninflammable, and, thirdly, to bleach the fiber effectually Without injury thereto.
My invention therefor consists of three steps, all relating to one end-the manufacture of a fiber fit for those purposes for which fiber is ordinarily used, and free from the liability of combustion, to which articles made out of ordinary vegetable fiber are subject.
In the first step, I subject the raw material to the action of caustic lye. These materials may consist of jute, flax, hemp, common nettles, china-grass, or any like materials from which such fiber is usually obtained. Of some of such material or plants I place, for example, two hundred pounds in a suitable vessel of about twenty-four hundred liters capacity, filled to two-thirds of its capacity with water, to which caustic lye has been added until 3 Reaumur is indicated by the areometer. The vessel is supplied at the bottom with an ordinary heating coil or worm,which is in connection with a steam-boiler. At the time of introducing the said material into the vessel, or afterward, steam is turned on through the coil or worm until the liquid has been heated to about 175 centigrade. In the liquid maintained at this temperature the material is allowed to remain one hour. Longer boiling renders the fiber finer, but somewhat impairs its strength, and less boiling leaves it coarser. The exact degree or amount of boiling is left to the skill of the manufacturer. At the end of the boiling above described I add to the liquid in which the material is boiling, and for the purpose of softening it, two pounds of tallow soap and a little more than one and three-quarters pound of chloride of tin, and
(No specimens.)
thereafter the boiling is continued another hour. After this the material is washed in an ordinary washing apparatus, and is then dried, preferably in a centrifugal drier. It is then placed in the. second vessel of the same capacity as that in which it was boiled, as above described, which vessel is filled to about two-thirds of its capacity with water, which is brought to aboiling-point in the same manner. About sixtytwo grams of blue vitriol and sal-ammoniac and four pounds of crystal soda are dissolved in this water; the material boiled therein one hour. Thereafter it is properly washed in suitable washing apparatus and again wrung out, and, if necessary, also dried. It is then in condition for manufacture into paper, or into any fabric for which fiber is fitted or ordinarily used; but is not fire or flame proof, this quality being imparted by the second step in the process, if such quality be desired.
The second part of my invention relates to the treatment of the material after it has been subjected to aforesaid process; and for the purpose of rendering it uninfiammable, it is placed into a closed vessel or vat, and for every one hundred pounds of material I add four pounds of lime, four pounds of blood, and one pound chemically pure muriat-ic acid. WVater must be added sufficiently to cover the material completely during the boiling, and in this boiling I increase the heat, the steam being superheated, a two-thirds additional atmospheric pressure,and the boiling is carried on uninterruptedly for five to six hours. By this method of boiling there is no danger of explosion, and all interior rubbing is avoided, the waste is small, and there is no weakening of the fibers. After this boiling, the liquid is emptied while it is hot-that is, immediately. If the liquid is emptied fresh and hot and quickly, the material will be clean enough, and can be brought immediately into the washingcylinder, where it is washed in lukewarm water, and the washing is ended as soon as the water runs off clear. After this the material is drained in the usual manner.
It will be understood that the fibrous material treated by the second step above described may be obtained by the process described as the first step, or by any known and suitable means for obtaining fiber from fibrous raw material; but I prefer to use my first step for the reason that the process is shorter and there is less cost or waste of fiber, and no after treatment is required to fit the fiber for use.
The bleaching, when required, for the fiber is done as follows: I obtain dephlogisticated muriatic acid gas by pouring into a largesized retort one part of manganese and by covering it with two to three parts muriatic acid. I then put the retort in a warm bath, 80 Reaumur, and connect the retort with a receiver, where the fiber is placed. As soon as the muriatic acid dissolves the manganese,the dephlogisticated m'uriatic-acid gas goes over into the receiver and bleaches to a clear white the whole material without destroying the fiber. Six pounds manganese and three liters chemically pure muriatic acid are sufficient for two hundred pounds of fibrous material.
After the bleaching, the fibrous material is introduced in a vat with five pounds of the best alum and two pounds of sulphate of alumina. YVater enough is added to cover the goods, which are boiled therein two hours. The fiber is then dried, and the uninfiammable or fireproof and bleached fiber is completed. For any of the materials specified above, known chemical equivalents may be used; but I prefer those specified.
I claim as my invention- 1. The above-described process of obtaining fiber from fibrous stock or materials, said process consisting in first boiling the materials in a solution. of caustic lie, with tallow soap and chloride of tin added thereto, and in boiling a second time in asolution of blue vitriol, whereby the fiber is produced, all substantially as described.
2. The described method of treating fiber to render it fire-proof or uninfiammable, the same consisting in boiling said fiber in lime, blood,and muriatic acid mixed with'water, as and in the proportions substantially as described.
3. The method of treating fibrous stock or material, consisting in first boiling in caustic lye, tallow soap, and chloride of tin, and subsequently in blue vitriol; second,in drying the fiber and again boiling it in water with lime,
blood, and muriatic acid, all substantially as described.
In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in the'presence of two subscribing witnesses.
ANTON E. NEW'MAN.
Witnesses:
WM. E. SHAW, O. G. VALENTINE.
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US318433A true US318433A (en) | 1885-05-19 |
Family
ID=2387578
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US318433D Expired - Lifetime US318433A (en) | Anton e |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
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US (1) | US318433A (en) |
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0
- US US318433D patent/US318433A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
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