US318007A - Grate - Google Patents

Description

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W. MQCLAVB.

GRATB.

110.318,00?.` Patented May 19, 1885.

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GRATE.

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GRATE.

No. 318,007. I Patented May 19, 1885.

WILLIAM MeoLAvn, oF sonANToN, PENNSYLVANIA.

G RATE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 318,007, dated May 19, 1885.

pplication filed July Q5, 1884. (No model.) i

a Pennsylvania, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Grates for Stoves, Furnaces, Heaters, and other Fuel-Burning Structures, of which the following is a specificatiom Heretofore patents numbered, respectively, 267,910 and 272,733, for improvements in grates for burning culm and other hard fuel, have been granted to me, and in practice the constructions shown in said patents have been found to operate well when employed for forming a grated re-bed for the kinds of fuel mentioned; but for burning bituminous or soft coals, which are liable to become so finely broken up before they are consumed as to pass out with the ashes during the shaking operation, it is important to maintain a practically unopened grated surface or lire-bed during the operation of shaking the grate for the removal and discharge of the ashes; and to improve my aforesaid patented grates so as to better adapt them for burning both hard and soft coals is one of the leading objects of my present invention, the nature of which consists, first, in the grate-sections having a novel form, relative arrangement, and limited vibration of their upper surfaces in a direction the reverse of the direction of movement of their shaking bar, whereby an efficient shaking motion is permitted for the discharge of the ashes without unduly opening the discharge-spaces between the grate-sections and thereby causing a premature dump or discharge of the unconsumed disintegrated soft coal, and while this is the case a very good draft through theiirebed is maintained during the regular burning of the fuel on the grate, and no interference with the facilities for cutting out77 or discharging masses of refuse, clinker, or other matters,which have spent their usefulness from beingburned out, experienced; second, in gratesections having a form which affords draft, permits an efficient shaking movement for discharge of ashes, without unduly opening the discharge-passages, and allows a long cutout movement, the said shaking and cut 5o movements being the reverse of each other, and

the shaking movement limited 5 third, in a portion of the grate-sections secured to their jour-v nal-bars by halved boxes and grooved and Y iian ged vertical key-blocks; fourth, in the combination of the shaking-bar, the link and rod connections thereof, the grate sections, the adjustable shaking-lever, and a stop-plate for limiting the extent of the shaking movement of the sections while it does not interfere with the long cut-out movement of said sections when the shaking-lever is adjusted to move clear ofit; fifth, in a mode of shaping th'eunder surface of the grate-sections with a double bevel, so that the improved upper surface may be produced without inconvenience by the casting process, sixth, in 'the ribs or teeth for gratesections provided with a fluted under surface for grasping the clinkers during the operation of crushing them by the sections; seventh, in the journal-bars of the grate-sections provided with hooking projecting ends in combination with hooking bearers embedded in the walls of the furnace, so as to render the grate more firm while being operated 5 eighth, in an end gratesection of crescent or analogous shape in combination with a fellow grate-section and the overhanging or under-curved stationary end portion of the fire-bed, whereby the said end section can pass under said end portion for the purpose of cutting out clinkers and dbris, and during the shaking movement Vthe practically unopened re-bed of the furnace be maintained at the rear end as well as at other parts of the firebed; and, ninth, in certain other combinations and constructions, as hereinafter described and specifically claimed.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure lis a vertical longitudinal section of a portion of a furnace with my invention of improved gratesections, journal-bars, and other parts in their ordinaryoperatingposition. Fig.2isasectional view through the journals of the grate-sections and an end wall, showing a bearer, journal-bar, half-boxes, key-block. and a flanged cap. Fig. 3 is a crossssection of the shakingbar. Fig. 4 is a plan view of the vibrating grated end section and a fellow gratescction (shown by dotted outline only) resting in journal-bars and confned and protected by the halved boxes and key-blocks and flanged caps, also showing the front wall of a furnace in horizontal ICO section with the journal-bars resting upon a ledge of the same. In this view, also, other grate-sections are shown in dotted lines,while a front grated bar, the shakin g-bar, lever, and stop are shown in full lines in plan view. Fig. 5 is a broken inverted perspective view of one of the .ribs of a vibrating grated section, and Fig. 6 is a detail end view of a grated section set in the position it occupies while being drawn from the mold in which it is cast. Fig. 7 is a diagram view showing the gratesections moved from their ordinary working position to the full extent for shaking out the ashes; and Fig. 8 is a diagram similar to Fig. 7, showing the grate-sections moved to the full extent for cutting out clinkers or other refuse matter. Fig. 9 is a vertical detail section showing the hole in front of furnace for the connecting-rod of the shaking-bar to play in, made of a size corresponding to the rod and the space between the prongs or jaws of said rod increased so as to have the prongs placed farther apart.

In the drawings, A is an end wall of the ash-pit section, and B the front plate of a furnace. C and D are the rear and front stationary grated portions of the tire-bed. E E are the j ournal-bars resting on the ledge b of the front plate, B, and on thebearers I of the wall A, the bearers being embedded in the wall and formed,respectively,with a hooking-ledge, n, against which the hooking-lugs a of the barsE catch and are firmly retained, as shown in Fig. 2. On each end of thejournal-bars dovetail grooves c are formed, and into these grooves projections cof the stationary grated portions C D of the fire-bed are passed and retained in the ordinary manner by the ribs forming the grooves at one end, and by an additional stop, d2, at the other end, as will be understood from the drawings. rlhe journal-bearings E are formed with eX- pansion-slots, a, so that their upper portions may expand when they become too intensely heated, and thus save the bearings from danger of breakage when expansion and contraction take place. Near one end these bearings are formed with open half-boxes y', which are overhung by projections g3, and beyond these half-boxes they are formed with oblong journal-openings e, as shown. Into the overhung half-boxes g the journals f of a crescentshaped vibrating-grate section, F, and of an angular grate-section, FQ are inserted, and then half-boxes g are passed down through large vertical spaces formed in the journalbar between the half-boxes g, and a hanged key-block, G, inserted into said space between the half-boxes g, as shown. The shape of the key-blocks is shown clearly in Fig. 1, and it will be seen that the half-boxes g will be held from rising by the overhanging projections g3 of the half-boxes g', and that the key-blocks will be kept from lateral movement by the dovetail connection g2, formed between them and the projections g3, of the j ournal-bars, and also by their own flanges gt This mode of confining the journals of the grated end section, F, prevents this section from jumping upward while the operation of shaking is being performed, and this is quite essential, inasmuch as this end section is not held down by the shaking-bar J as are the other grated sections, but is thrust upward by said bar and its connecting-link K. The other grated sections, F2, have theirjournals insertedinto the oblong j ournal-openings e', and covered by means of flanged caps h, as illustrated in Figs. 2 and 4 of the drawings. The iianges h of these caps prevent them from moving laterally and their gravity keeps them from rising. rPhe journals of the sections are thus completely excluded from, contact with the burning fuel, and they will not be burnt out or caused to bind-in their boxes.

It is contemplated by me to make all of the journal-boxes similar to those employed on the crescent-shaped section F, in which event key-blocks G will be substituted for the iianged caps, and the openings ewill be shaped to receive hanged key-blocks G, and the journalbars will be formed with half-boxes g and projections g3, and half-boxes g will be interposed between the journals f and the key-blocks, as before described. rlhe grate-sections F F2 are formed with lugs having pivots q, and by means of the said pivots are connected to the shaking-bar J, and these sections are connected by means of the shaking-bar J and the link K to thelug g of the crescent-shaped section F, as shown. The shaker-bar is moved back and forth by means of the connectingrod L, which plays through a large slot, s, in the front plate, B, of the furnace. To the outer end of the connecting-rod an 'operating-lever, M, is pivoted. This lever has its fulcrumt on the front plate of the furnace, and it is guided by a stop-plate, N, in its movements. The stop-plate N is just long enough, and has its stop a so located and just high enough to arrest and hold the lever when the grate-sections have been moved from the position shown in Fig. 7 to the position shown in Fig. 1, which is the extent of their shaking movement. By lifting the connecting-rod in its large slot s high enough to have the lever M clear the stop u, the movement of the sections can be carriedA from the position shown in Fig. 1 to the position shown in Fig. 8, which is the position they occupy when a cut-out consisting of a mass of clinker and other matters is to be made. The end section, F, has a periphery of about a crescent shape; and at the center of the inner side of this crescent-shaped section a lug is provided at each end to support the journals. rlhe pivoted or attaching portion of this section is made solid from the point a; to x', and

from point x to x2 it is toothed, as shown inl Fig. 41. By making this section of' the form shown, and pivoting it as described, it will pass under the grated end portion, G, and thus act perfectly as a cut-out section at this portion of the fire-bed, as illustrated in Fig. 8, and while this is so the crescent form Works ISO IIO

perfectly with the fellow section F for Inaintaining a practically unopened grate-surface during the shaking operation, as illustrated in Figs. l and 7. The sections F and F2 are all alike, and their solid surfaces from the point y to y are curved in the manner shown, so that the point y2 of the grated portion (included from y to y?) shall just about clear the said curved solid portion, both in descending forward or rising backward. Any other equivalent form to that shown may be adopted, provided the points y maintain about the relation shown to the solid parts included between y and y during the shaking of the grate, as illustrated in Figs. l and 7, and that the points y2 and :r2 occupy the positions shown in relation to the parts y and g/ during the cutting out of clinking or other refuse matter.

In order to prevent narrow oblong pieces of fuel falling down between the ribs or bars of the sections, the said ribs or bars are formed with a number of teeth, 7c, as shown in Figs. 4, -5, and 6; and in order to cast these teeth upon the angular and crescent shaped gratesections they are formed with a double bevelthat is, beveled on their side and bottom, as illustrated plainly in Fig. 5--and thus shaped the patterns for the sections can be drawn out of the sand without danger ot' fracturing the mold, provided the pattern is set in the mold in the position shown in Fig. 6. On the under side of each toothed rib or bar of a section, ilutes w are provided, and by this construction the ribs are enabled to take a firmer hold upon the clinkers and other matters for the purpose of crushing them during the cuttingout operation. The stationary grated i portions D and C are provided with grooves formed with a downward inclination,as shown at c2 and d2, so as to afford circulation of air and free escape of ashes into the ashpit, as will be understood from the drawings.

In an extensive practical use of my invention of grates heretofore patented in connection with boiler-furnaces, it has been demonstrated that a grated fire-bed must be adapted for burning different kinds of fuel-such as large hard coal, fine hard coal or culm, and bituminous or soft coal; that the grated firebed must be adapted for supporting these different kinds of coal without liability of passing down unconsumed when the gratesections are simply shaken or vibrated to'their limited extent, and at the same time free circulation-spaces for air and steam mixed, or air alone, must be provided all over the rebed; that the grated sections should be adapted for forming pockets for temporarily catching and holding the mass of ashes, clinkers, or other matters when they are moved through the superincumbent mass of burning fuel for the purpose of cutting out clinkers and other refuse, and then of freeing and forcing down into the ash-pit this cut-out mass of material, and in the act of doing this form a proper grated fire-bed for sustaining the thus cleaned Superincumbent mass; that the rear end section of the grated bed should passunder the rear wall of the furnace in order to effect a perfect cut-out at'that point; that the shaking action of the sections should be limited while the cutting-out section should not be interfered with by the means which Aeffect said limited shaking action; that the journal-bars should be held firm by metal bearers on the rear wall, and said bearers and a portion of the journal-bars should be embedded in the masonry; that the grate-sections should be held rm against upward movement when they are shaken, and also their journals kept from the destructive action of burning coal, as in constructions where the journals are eX- posed to the direct contact of such coal, and that the ribs of the sections should have nnmerous side teeth which will arrest oblong pieces of fuel, and these, in order to admit of the casting of the peculiar-shaped sections which I employ should be double-beveled in the peculiar manner herein shown and described.

My present invention meets all of the foregoing requirements, and provides a grated fire-bed adapted in nearly if not all respects for the burning of the various grades and kinds of fuel economically and effectually.

In carrying my invention into operation I prefer to adopt the arrangement of lever shown in Fig. 9, in which construction the fulcrum end of the lever will be slotted or loosely f1tted upon the fulcrum-pin at t, so as to permit the lever to be raised above the stop u between the prongs or jaws of the rod; It is also contemplated to have the shaking-lever stand vertical, and the stop-plate in a corre sponding position, and thus provide for moving the lever in a vertical instead of a horizontal plane.

Vhat I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

l. The combination, with shaking and stop devices consisting ot, lever M, rod L, Workingfbar J, and plate Nfhaving stop a, ofgrated sections hung on journals and pivoted to the working-bar J, and having their back surfaces constructed as at yy', and their front portions, y2, standing and working nearly against the surfaces y and y' during the normal position of the sections and also while being shaken to a limited extent, the construction, arrangement, and combination of the parts being such that a grated re-bed is formed when the sections are in their normal positions, and the sections of this bed can be shaken to a limited `extent without liability of forming too large escape-passages for the coal resting upon the bed, substantially as described.

2. The combination, with the working-bar J, of gratesections F and F', hung on journals and formed on their back surfaces as at y y', and having their front portions, y2, standing and working nearly in Contact with the surfaces y y during the normal state of the sections and while being shaken to a limited IOO IIO

extent, and also forming closed pockets When the sections have been moved completely back for effecting a cut-out of clinker and other substances, substantially as described.

3. The combination of the stop-plate N, applied to the furnace-Wall, the lever M, rod L, bar J, having rod L pivoted to it, oscillating grate-sections F F2, pivoted to bar J, and having the construction as at y y', and their front portion, y2, in the relation to the portion y y', Substantially as and for the purpose described.

4. The combination of stop-p1ate N, lever M, rod L, Working-bar J, oscillating grate- Seetions F F2, and wall of furnace with open ing s, larger than the rod L, Whereby the desired and proper shaking of the grate-sections can be effected, and also, when required, the stop n of the plate N can be passed, and a cutout of clinker and ashes and other refuse substances effected, substantially as described.

5. The combination, with the oscillating grate-sections, journal-bars, and half-boxes, of thekey-blocks G, for holding down the sections and protecting the journals from the burning substances upon the re-bed, substantially as described.

6. The combination, with the shaking-bar,

gratesections F F2, connecting-rod, adjustable shaking-lever, and stop-plate, of the gratesection F and link K, substantially as and for the purpose described.

7. The grate-sections herein described and shown, formed With pocket portions from y to y', and with ribs having teeth with an under double-beve1ed surface, substantially as described.

8.l The grate-sections herein described and shown, formed with ribs fluted on their un der surface, substantially as described.

9. The combination of the journalbars formed with embedded hooking projecting ends with the embedded hooking bearers and the masonry Wall of the furnace, substantially as described.

10. The vibrating end grateseetion of crescent shape, in combination with a fellow angular-shaped grate-section and the overhanging or undercut portion of the nre-bed, substantially as described.

WILLIAM MOGLAVE.

Witnesses:

BENJAMIN S. REYNOLDS, ELIEZER D. JENKINS.

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