US3177919A - Method of and apparatus for removing nonliquid constituents from fuel oil - Google Patents

Method of and apparatus for removing nonliquid constituents from fuel oil Download PDF

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Publication number
US3177919A
US3177919A US59725A US5972560A US3177919A US 3177919 A US3177919 A US 3177919A US 59725 A US59725 A US 59725A US 5972560 A US5972560 A US 5972560A US 3177919 A US3177919 A US 3177919A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
fuel oil
separator chamber
heater
gas separator
reservoir
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US59725A
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English (en)
Inventor
Arant Perry
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Clayton Manufacturing Co
Original Assignee
Clayton Manufacturing Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority to NL269672D priority Critical patent/NL269672A/xx
Priority to BE608641D priority patent/BE608641A/xx
Application filed by Clayton Manufacturing Co filed Critical Clayton Manufacturing Co
Priority to US59725A priority patent/US3177919A/en
Priority to GB33193/61A priority patent/GB932329A/en
Priority to ES0270725A priority patent/ES270725A1/es
Priority to CH1127361A priority patent/CH391939A/de
Priority to FR874452A priority patent/FR1314406A/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3177919A publication Critical patent/US3177919A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D19/00—Degasification of liquids
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23K—FEEDING FUEL TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS
    • F23K5/00—Feeding or distributing other fuel to combustion apparatus
    • F23K5/02—Liquid fuel
    • F23K5/14—Details thereof

Definitions

  • the present invention relates in general to a method of and apparatus for removing from liquids any non-liquid constituents, such as vapors, entrained gases, foam, and the like, which may be present therein. More specifically, the invention is particularly applicable to removing from heavy fuel oils such nonliquid constituents as entrained air, or other gases, vapors which flash out at elevated temperatures, foam produced by vaporization of moisture at elevated temperatures and variable pressures, and the like.
  • the invention contemplates an oil burning installation, which may be a steam generator, for example, wherein fuel oil drawn from a storage reservoir is heated prior to delivery to the burner to obtain proper combustion. It is also essential to proper combustion that the fuel oil consumed by the burner be relatively free from entrained air, or other gases, vapors, foam, and the like, and a primary object of the invention is to provide a method and apparatus which will achieve this condition.
  • An important object of the invention is to provide an apparatus for separating nonliquid constituents from the fuel oil which incorporates separate storage and burner circuits so that the oil delivered to the burner nozzle may be heated accurately to the temperature necessary to obtain the desired viscosity.
  • a more specific object of the invention isto provide a separating apparatus which is interposed between the storage reservoir and the heater and burner system and which returns separated air, or other gases, vapors and foam to the reservoir.
  • a related object is to compress any foam to liquid before returning it to the reservoir, and to cool all gases, vapors and liquid returned to the reservoir to a temperature below the flash temperature of the liquid, but without cooling them excessively so as to avoid unnecessary heat loss.
  • An important object is to provide an installationwherein a surplus of fuel oil is delivered to the separating apparatus by a transfer means and wherein an excess of fuel oil is delivered to the heater and burner system by a fuel supply means, the excess liquid delivered to the heater and burner system by the fuel supplymeans being returned to the separating apparatus and surplus liquid being returned to the reservoir from the separating apparatus along with any liberated air, or other gases, vapors, foam and the like.
  • Another object is to provide a separating apparatus which includes gas separating means for removing entrained air, or other gases, from the fuel oil delivered to the separating apparatus by the transfer means.
  • a further object is to provide means for removing vapors and foam from the excess liquid returned to the separating apparatus by the heater and burner system.
  • An important object of the invention is to return to the heater and burner system the excess fuel oil discharged thereby, after removal of vapors and foam therefrom, in admixture with a fresh supply of fuel oil from the gas separating means.
  • the fuel oil actually consumed by the burner is relatively free from entrained gases, vapors, foam and thelike, which isan important feature.
  • Another object of the invention is to provide a separat ing apparatus having means for compressing the foam 3,177,919 Patented Apr. 13, 1965 "ice removed by the vapor separating means prior to returning same to the reservoir.
  • Still another object is to provide a separating apparatus having a section which cools separated vapors sufficiently to reduce the temperature of any gases, vapors, compressed foam and surplus liquid to a temperature below the flash temperature of the fuel oil before return to the reservoir, but Without excessively cooling same so as to minimize any heat loss from the over-all installation.
  • FIG. 2 is a detail view duplicating a portion of FIG. 1 on an enlarged scale.
  • the numeral lfi designates generally a separating apparatus of the invention interposed between a storage reservoir 12 and a heater and burnerjsystem 14 comprising a heater 16 and a burner'18.
  • the reservoir 12 may be of any desired nature and may, for example, be an underground storage tank.
  • the heater and burner 16 and 18 may also be of any suitable types and are therefore shown only diagrammatically.
  • the burner 18, of course, includes a suitable burner nozzle, control means for regulating the delivery of fuel oil to the burner nozzle, a fuel pressure regulator, and the like, such components being conventional so that a showing thereof is not necessary.
  • the control means may comprise a low fire valve and a high fire valve, as is conventional.
  • the separating apparatus 10 includes: a separating assembly 20; transfer means 22, including a transfer pump 24, for transferring fuel oil, including a surplus of 'fuel oil, to the separating assembly 20;.fuel supply means 26, including a fuel pump 28, for delivering an excess of fuel oil to the heater 16 and thence to the burner 18; first return means 30 for returning the excess fuel oil from the heater and burner system 14 to the separating assembly'20;'and second return means 32 for returning "constituents separated out by the separating assembly 20 and surplus fuel oil to the reservoir 12.
  • the separating assembly 20 itselfincludes: gas separating means 34 for removing entrained gases from the fuel oil delivered to the separating assembly by the transfer means 22; vapor separating means 36 for removing vapors and foam from the excess liquid returned to the separating assembly. from the.
  • the separating assembly 20 also includes an upright vapor separator chamber 54 alongside the gasseparator chamber 50, the vapor separator chamber being shown as of smaller diameter than the gas separator chamber.
  • the upper and lower ends of the vapor separator chamber 54 communicate with the gas separator chamber 50, adjacent the upper and lower ends of the latter, at vertically spaced, upper and lower zones 56 and 58.
  • the transfer means 22 includes a transfer line 60 in which the transfer pump 24 is connected and the inlet end of which is connected to a submerged bell-shaped heater62within the reservoir 12.
  • the heater 62 maintains the fuel oil in the vicinity of the inlet end of the transfer line 60 at a temperature of, for example, the order of magnitude of 100 F.
  • the heater 62 preheats the fuel oil drawn into the transfer line 60 by the transfer pump 24.
  • the outlet end of the transfer line 60 communicates with the gas separator chamber 50 at a zone 64 intermediate the upper and lower zones 56 and 58 of interconnection between the gas and vapor separator-chambers 50 and 54.
  • the capacity of the transfer pump 24 is of the order of one and one-half to two times the capacity of the fuel pump 28 so that the transfer pump introduces a surplus of fuel oil into the gas'separator chamber 50, such surplus ultimately being returned to the reservoir 12 by way of the return means 32.
  • the remainder of the fuel oil introduced by the transfer pump 24 flows downwardly in the gas separator chamber 50 to the fuel supply means 26 leading to the heater and burner system 14.
  • the cross sectional area of the gas separator chamber 50 is several times that of the transfer line 60 so that the downflow of fuel oil from the zone 64 to the zone 58 takes place at relatively low velocity.
  • the downflowing fuel oil liberates any air, or other gases, entrained therein, such entrained air or gases rising in the gas separator chamber 50 and ultimately being returned vto the reservoir 12 by way of the return means 32, along with the aforementioned surplus fuel oil.
  • the relatively air and gas free oil in the gas-separator-chamber zone 58 enters the fuel supplymeans 26, comprising a fuel line 66in which the fuel pump 28 is connected and which leadsto the heater 16.
  • the heater is connected to the burner 18, as by a fuel risers; 1 L
  • the capacity of the fuel pump 28 exceeds the maximum rate of fuel consumption of the burner 18.
  • the capacity of the fuel pump. 28 may be of the order of twice the maximum fuel consumption rate of the' burner 18. .Consequently, the fuel pump 28 delivers an excess of fuel oil to the burner 18. v f
  • the hot excess oil now relatively free of vapors, air and other gases, and foam, is returned to the burner 18 by the fuel pump 28, along with make-up fuel oil, which is relatively free of entrained air and other gases, from the gas separator chamber 50.
  • the vapor separator chamber 54 communicates with the gas separator chamber 50 in the upper zone 56 through an orifice 74 constituting the foam compressing means 42.
  • the orifice 74 by serving to restrict the flow of foam into the gas separator chamber 50, reduces a major portion, e.g., approximately 80%, 0f the foam to liquid form prior to entry thereof into the gas separator chamber, which is an important feature.
  • the gas separator chamber 50 is provided therein with a cleanout plug 76 for the orifice 74 located opposite this orifice.
  • This return means includes a return line 78 in which the pressure relief valvemeans 44 is located and the inlet end of which communicates with the gas separator chamber 50 below the upper zone 56 of interconnection between the gas and vapor separator chambers 50 and 54, but above the zone 64 of interconnection between the gas separator chamber 50 and the transfer means 22.
  • the pressuer relief valve means 44 which may be of any suitable construction, maintains a small back pressure, e.g., 5 p.s.i., on the separating assembly 20, such back pressure performing two functions First, the back pressure applied by the relief valve means 44 completes the reduction to liquid of any foam separated out in the by the transfer pump 24.
  • An apparatus for separating nonliquid constituents from f tel oil delivered to a heater and burner system which heats fuel oil delivered thereto, which burns only part of the fuel oil delivered thereto, and which discharges the remainder of the fuel oil delivered thereto as heated excess fuel oil, said apparatus being positionable between and connectible to the heater and burner system and a reservoir containing fresh fuel oil, and including:
  • (0) transfer means connectible to the reservoir and including a transfer pump, for delivering fresh fuel oil from the reservoir to said gas separator chamber intermediate said upper and lower zones thereof;
  • first return means connectible to said heater and burner system and communicating with said vapor separator chamber intermediate said upper and lower zones of said gas separator chamber for returning said heated excess fuel oil discharged by the heater and burner system to said vapor separator chamber;
  • second return means connectible to the reservoir and communicating with said gas separator chamber below said upper zone thereof, and above the zone at which said transfer means communicates with said gas separator chamber, for returning to the reservoir nonliquid constituents removed from the fresh fuel oil in said gas separator chamber and from said heated excess fuel oil in said vapor separator chamber.
  • a separating apparatus as set forth in claim 5 including means providing a restriction to flow from said vapor separator chamber into said gas separator chamber in said upper zone of said gas separator chamber.
  • a separating apparatus according to claim 6 wherein said transfer pump has a pumping capacity greater than the pumping capacity of said second pump, and wherein said second pump has a pumping capacity greater than the maximum fuel-oil combustion rate of the heater and burner system. 7

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Feeding And Controlling Fuel (AREA)
  • Production Of Liquid Hydrocarbon Mixture For Refining Petroleum (AREA)
US59725A 1960-09-30 1960-09-30 Method of and apparatus for removing nonliquid constituents from fuel oil Expired - Lifetime US3177919A (en)

Priority Applications (7)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
NL269672D NL269672A (ja) 1960-09-30
BE608641D BE608641A (ja) 1960-09-30
US59725A US3177919A (en) 1960-09-30 1960-09-30 Method of and apparatus for removing nonliquid constituents from fuel oil
GB33193/61A GB932329A (en) 1960-09-30 1961-09-15 Separating gases from liquids
ES0270725A ES270725A1 (es) 1960-09-30 1961-09-25 Un metodo y un aparato para separar gases y vapores desde aceite combustible
CH1127361A CH391939A (de) 1960-09-30 1961-09-28 Verfahren zum Abscheiden von Gasen und Dämpfen aus Brennöl und Apparat zur Durchführung des Verfahrens
FR874452A FR1314406A (fr) 1960-09-30 1961-09-28 Procédé et installation pour séparer des gaz de liquides, en particulier d'huiles combustibles

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US59725A US3177919A (en) 1960-09-30 1960-09-30 Method of and apparatus for removing nonliquid constituents from fuel oil

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3177919A true US3177919A (en) 1965-04-13

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US59725A Expired - Lifetime US3177919A (en) 1960-09-30 1960-09-30 Method of and apparatus for removing nonliquid constituents from fuel oil

Country Status (6)

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US (1) US3177919A (ja)
BE (1) BE608641A (ja)
CH (1) CH391939A (ja)
ES (1) ES270725A1 (ja)
GB (1) GB932329A (ja)
NL (1) NL269672A (ja)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6364939B1 (en) * 1997-08-18 2002-04-02 Basf Aktiengesellschaft Method for reducing the formation of foam during the treatment of a dispersion or a liquid with water vapour
US6447579B1 (en) * 1997-02-06 2002-09-10 Jens Pannenborg Process for degassing liquids

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2626353B1 (fr) * 1988-01-26 1990-06-29 Chauffe Cie Gle Dispositif de regulation de la viscosite du fuel lourd d'alimentation de bruleurs de chaudiere et procede de regulation de la viscosite du fuel lourd d'alimentation de chaudiere

Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB478449A (en) * 1936-10-05 1938-01-19 Urquhart S 1926 Ltd Improvements in liquid feed systems and apparatus therefor
US2252687A (en) * 1939-08-26 1941-08-19 Sylvia Bassett Gas and liquid separating device
US2277100A (en) * 1938-01-17 1942-03-24 Hartmann Otto High pressure steam generator
US2290350A (en) * 1939-09-18 1942-07-21 Peabody Engineering Corp Atomizing system
US2482806A (en) * 1948-01-05 1949-09-27 James A Stahn Lubrication system
US2510190A (en) * 1945-06-16 1950-06-06 Arthur P Nicolette Fluid primer and air eliminator
US2721621A (en) * 1953-04-27 1955-10-25 Loy A Hall Gas and oil separating apparatus
US2878889A (en) * 1954-04-26 1959-03-24 Napier & Son Ltd Apparatus for de-aeration of liquids
US2901031A (en) * 1957-02-13 1959-08-25 Continental Motors Corp Fuel system
US3073376A (en) * 1957-04-08 1963-01-15 Yarrow & Co Ltd Oil burning installations for furnaces

Patent Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB478449A (en) * 1936-10-05 1938-01-19 Urquhart S 1926 Ltd Improvements in liquid feed systems and apparatus therefor
US2277100A (en) * 1938-01-17 1942-03-24 Hartmann Otto High pressure steam generator
US2252687A (en) * 1939-08-26 1941-08-19 Sylvia Bassett Gas and liquid separating device
US2290350A (en) * 1939-09-18 1942-07-21 Peabody Engineering Corp Atomizing system
US2510190A (en) * 1945-06-16 1950-06-06 Arthur P Nicolette Fluid primer and air eliminator
US2482806A (en) * 1948-01-05 1949-09-27 James A Stahn Lubrication system
US2721621A (en) * 1953-04-27 1955-10-25 Loy A Hall Gas and oil separating apparatus
US2878889A (en) * 1954-04-26 1959-03-24 Napier & Son Ltd Apparatus for de-aeration of liquids
US2901031A (en) * 1957-02-13 1959-08-25 Continental Motors Corp Fuel system
US3073376A (en) * 1957-04-08 1963-01-15 Yarrow & Co Ltd Oil burning installations for furnaces

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6447579B1 (en) * 1997-02-06 2002-09-10 Jens Pannenborg Process for degassing liquids
US6364939B1 (en) * 1997-08-18 2002-04-02 Basf Aktiengesellschaft Method for reducing the formation of foam during the treatment of a dispersion or a liquid with water vapour

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB932329A (en) 1963-07-24
CH391939A (de) 1965-05-15
BE608641A (ja)
NL269672A (ja)
ES270725A1 (es) 1962-03-16

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