US3171244A - Escapement movement for pendulum clocks - Google Patents

Escapement movement for pendulum clocks Download PDF

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US3171244A
US3171244A US343076A US34307664A US3171244A US 3171244 A US3171244 A US 3171244A US 343076 A US343076 A US 343076A US 34307664 A US34307664 A US 34307664A US 3171244 A US3171244 A US 3171244A
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pendulum
pallet
escapement
clock
shaft
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US343076A
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Koplar Solomon Edward
Ignacio R Quiroz
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G04—HOROLOGY
    • G04B—MECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
    • G04B18/00—Mechanisms for setting frequency
    • G04B18/04—Adjusting the beat of the pendulum, balance, or the like, e.g. putting into beat

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  • Our invention relates to a new and useful improvement in an escapement movement for pendulum clocks.
  • a principal object of this invention is to provide in an apparatus of this character a means for connecting a free swinging pendulum to an escapement movement of a clock.
  • Another object of our invention is to provide in an apparatus of this character a gear driven escapement wheel and a pendulum comprising two parts which are frictionally operatively connected together for effecting proper oscillation of a pendulum associated therewith.
  • a further object of our invention is to provide, in an apparatus of this character a means for connecting a pendulum, together with its pallet pins, to an escapement wheel whereby proper oscillating movement of the pendulum is achieved without requiring a perfect vertical positioning of the clock.
  • a still further important object of our invention is to provide in an apparatusof this character a pendulum connecting means which is self-adjusting with respect to the arc of its swinging movement regardless of the vertical placement of the clock.
  • the self-adjusting feature prevents damage to the pallet pins of the escapement movement by reason of the fact that as the pendulum adjusts itself to swinging through its prescribed arc it will cause the pallet pins to strike the teeth of the escapement wheel with an even and equal force. This arrangement produces an even stroke and beat of the pendulum and pallet pins and produces a less erratic movement.
  • FIG. 1 is a perspective view of the clock mechanism together with the pendulum as associated therewith;
  • FIG. 2 is a fragmentary elevational view of the train of clock gears and escapement wheel mechanism together with the pendulum connection as embodied in our improved clock;
  • FIG. 3 is a perspective view of the pendulum mounting arm
  • FIG. 4 is an exploded view of the parts comprising the pendulum mounting arm.
  • the battery powered spring winding pendulum clock includes a clock mechanism which is shown in part in FIG. 1.
  • the clock mechanism includes a mounting plate which has mounted thereon an electric motor 11.
  • This electric motor 11, by wire conduits 12, is associated with a D type battery (not shown) which. is the power source for the clock.
  • a support plate 12 Between the support plate 12 3,171,244 Patented Mar. 2, 1965 ice and the mounting plate 10 is rotatably journaled a driven shaft 15 (see FIG. 2).
  • a chain of gears 16 one of which is operatively connected to and periodically rotates an escapement wheel 17.
  • This escapement wheel 17 is adapted to be rotatably mounted on a shaft 18 which extends between two spaced apart walls 19 and 20 which is connected by means of screws 21 to the mounting plate 10 as shown in FIG. 1.
  • the escapement wheel 17 is rotated through the chain of gears 16in a manner well known in the art.
  • the rotation of such escapement wheel 17 is controlled by an escapement mechanism which includes a pallet pin plate 22 which is press-fitted onto a shaft 23 which extends between the walls 19 and 20 of the partial mounting bracket 10.
  • the pallet pin plate 23 provides two laterally extending spaced apart pallet pins 24 which are adapted to have alternate engagement with the teeth of the escapement wheel 17. Also journalled on the shaft 23 is a pendulum connecting bar 25. As seen in FIGS. 2, 3, and 4, this connecting bar 25 is of elongated formation and provides at its lower free end a circular opening 26 which provides a flat surface 27. Into this opening 26 is adapted to be hooked one end of a pendulum 28. The flat side 27 of the opening 26 permits a substantial flat facial contact between the hooked end 29 of the pendulum 28 and the pendulum bar 25.
  • a friction washer 30 mounted on the shaft 23 and disposed between the pallet pin plate 22 and the pendulum bar 25 is a friction washer 30.
  • a circular bushing 31 is frictionally journ'alled on the shaft 23 to one side of the pendulum bar 25 so as to mount the pallet pin plate 22, and the friction washer 30 into frictional bearing relation with respect to the pendulum bar 25.
  • the movement of the pendulum bar 25 as created by the free swinging of the pendulum weight 32 mounted on the one end of the pendulum 28, will frictionally cause the pallet pin plate 22 to oscillate about the shaft 23 causing the pallet pins 24 to alternately engage and strike the teeth of the escapement wheel 17 with an equal force regardless of the vertical positioning of the mounting platelt).
  • the weight 31 of the pendulum will cause the pendulum bar 25 to assume a vertical position relative to the shaft 23 and pallet pin plate 22 without affecting the operative position of the pallet pins 24 with respect to the teeth of the escapement wheel 17.
  • the electric motor 151 is provided with a worm gear 33 which has geared connection to a gear wheel 34 whereby when the electric motor 11 is caused to be periodically energized, the power spring of the clock mechanism is caused to be rewound. It is this power spring that drives the clock gears 16 which in turn drive the escapement wheel 17.
  • the operation of the clock may be pro-adjusted during its assembly.
  • This pro-adjustment relates to the placement of the pendulum Weight 31 upon one end of the pendulum 28 so that the pendulum 28 will swing through a predetermined arcuated path.
  • a battery powered spring clock having a train of clock gears and an escapement mechanism
  • said escapement mechanism including a geared escapement wheel rotated by the clock gears
  • a battery powered spring clock having a train of clock gears and an escapement mechanism
  • said escapement mechanism including a geared escapement wheel rotated by the clock gears, (b) a pallet pin plate providing spaced apart parallelly extending pallet pins alternately engaging the gears of said escapement wheel, (c) a shaft for supporting said pallet plate relative to said escapement wheel and with said pallet pins in alternating engagement therewith, (d) a pendulum for said escapement mechanism, (2) a pendulum bar for freely connecting said pendulum to said shaft, and (f) means for frictionally connecting said pallet pin plate to said pendulum bar so said plate together with said pallet pins will be caused'to oscillate by the swinging movement of said pendulum.
  • a battery powered spring clock having a train of clock gears and an escapement mechanism
  • said escapement mechanism including a geared 'escapement wheel rotated by the clock gears
  • a battery powered spring clock having a train of clock gears and an escapernent mechanism
  • said escapement mechanism including a geared escapement wheel rotated by the clock gears
  • a pendulum clock having a geared driven escape ment mechanism including a rotatable escapement wheel
  • said supporting means assuming a perpendicular plane by the weight of said pendulum connected thereto independently .of the position of said pallet pin plate with respect to the escapemen-t wheel and the vertical plane of the clock while at the same time effecting proper oscillation and contact of said pallet pins with said escapement wheel.
  • a pendulum clock having a geared driven escapement mechanism including a rotatable escapement wheel the movement of which is controlled by alternately engaging pallet pins, I
  • a pendulum clock having a geared driven escapement mechanism including a rotatable escapement wheel the movement of which is controlled by alternately engaging pallet pins,
  • (0') means for freely supporting said pendulum from said shaft
  • said supporting means assuming a perpendicular plane by the weight of said pendulum connected thereto independently of the position of said pallet pin plate with respect to the escapernent wheel and the vertical plane of the clock while at the same time effecting proper oscillation and contact of said pallet pins with said escapement wheel.
  • a pendulum clock having a geared driven escapement mechanism including a rotatable escapement wheel the movement of which is controlled by alternately engaging pallet pins,
  • said pendulum bar assuming a perpendicular plane by the weight of said pendulum connected thereto independently of the position of said pallet pin plate with respect to the escapement wheel and the vertical plane of the clock while at the same time effecting proper oscillation and contact of said pallet pins with said escapement wheel.

Description

March 1965 s. E. KOPLAR ETAL ESCAPEMENT MOVEMENT FOR PENDULUM CLOCKS Filed 'Feb 6, 1964 mm m M MM 1 2 United States Patent 3,171,244 ESCAPEMENT MOVEMENT FOR PENDULUM CLOCKS Solomon Edward Koplar, 316 Barry Ave.., Chicago, Ill., and Ignacio R. Quin-oz, 792 S. Illinois St., Villa Park, Ill. Filed Feb. 6, 1964, Ser. No. 343,076 8 Claims. (Cl. 58-23) This application is a continuation in part of our copending application Serial No. 297,546, dated July 25, 1963, and as such is directed to a new pendulum connecting means which is cooperatively associated with an escapement wheel which in turn is associated with a bat- V tery-type electrically operated clock mechanism as shown and described in our Patent 3,113,639, dated December 10, 1963.
Our invention relates to a new and useful improvement in an escapement movement for pendulum clocks.
A principal object of this invention is to provide in an apparatus of this character a means for connecting a free swinging pendulum to an escapement movement of a clock.
Another object of our invention is to provide in an apparatus of this character a gear driven escapement wheel and a pendulum comprising two parts which are frictionally operatively connected together for effecting proper oscillation of a pendulum associated therewith.
A further object of our invention is to provide, in an apparatus of this character a means for connecting a pendulum, together with its pallet pins, to an escapement wheel whereby proper oscillating movement of the pendulum is achieved without requiring a perfect vertical positioning of the clock.
A still further important object of our invention is to provide in an apparatusof this character a pendulum connecting means which is self-adjusting with respect to the arc of its swinging movement regardless of the vertical placement of the clock. The self-adjusting feature prevents damage to the pallet pins of the escapement movement by reason of the fact that as the pendulum adjusts itself to swinging through its prescribed arc it will cause the pallet pins to strike the teeth of the escapement wheel with an even and equal force. This arrangement produces an even stroke and beat of the pendulum and pallet pins and produces a less erratic movement.
Other objects will appear hereinafter.
The invention consists in the novel combination and arrangement of parts to be hereinafter described and claimed.
The invention will be best understood by reference to the accompanying drawings showing the preferred form of construction, and in which:
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of the clock mechanism together with the pendulum as associated therewith;
FIG. 2 is a fragmentary elevational view of the train of clock gears and escapement wheel mechanism together with the pendulum connection as embodied in our improved clock;
FIG. 3 is a perspective view of the pendulum mounting arm; and
FIG. 4 is an exploded view of the parts comprising the pendulum mounting arm.
The battery powered spring winding pendulum clock includes a clock mechanism which is shown in part in FIG. 1. The clock mechanism includes a mounting plate which has mounted thereon an electric motor 11. This electric motor 11, by wire conduits 12, is associated with a D type battery (not shown) which. is the power source for the clock. Adapted to be mounted in spaced relation with respect to the rear face of the mounting plate 10 is a support plate 12. Between the support plate 12 3,171,244 Patented Mar. 2, 1965 ice and the mounting plate 10 is rotatably journaled a driven shaft 15 (see FIG. 2). Operatively connected to the driven shaft 15 is a chain of gears 16 one of which is operatively connected to and periodically rotates an escapement wheel 17. This escapement wheel 17 is adapted to be rotatably mounted on a shaft 18 which extends between two spaced apart walls 19 and 20 which is connected by means of screws 21 to the mounting plate 10 as shown in FIG. 1.
The escapement wheel 17 is rotated through the chain of gears 16in a manner well known in the art. The rotation of such escapement wheel 17 is controlled by an escapement mechanism which includes a pallet pin plate 22 which is press-fitted onto a shaft 23 which extends between the walls 19 and 20 of the partial mounting bracket 10.
The pallet pin plate 23 provides two laterally extending spaced apart pallet pins 24 which are adapted to have alternate engagement with the teeth of the escapement wheel 17. Also journalled on the shaft 23 is a pendulum connecting bar 25. As seen in FIGS. 2, 3, and 4, this connecting bar 25 is of elongated formation and provides at its lower free end a circular opening 26 which provides a flat surface 27. Into this opening 26 is adapted to be hooked one end of a pendulum 28. The flat side 27 of the opening 26 permits a substantial flat facial contact between the hooked end 29 of the pendulum 28 and the pendulum bar 25.
Mounted on the shaft 23 and disposed between the pallet pin plate 22 and the pendulum bar 25 is a friction washer 30. A circular bushing 31 is frictionally journ'alled on the shaft 23 to one side of the pendulum bar 25 so as to mount the pallet pin plate 22, and the friction washer 30 into frictional bearing relation with respect to the pendulum bar 25.
By the arrangement above described, the movement of the pendulum bar 25 as created by the free swinging of the pendulum weight 32 mounted on the one end of the pendulum 28, will frictionally cause the pallet pin plate 22 to oscillate about the shaft 23 causing the pallet pins 24 to alternately engage and strike the teeth of the escapement wheel 17 with an equal force regardless of the vertical positioning of the mounting platelt). If the clock which embodies the mounting plate It is hung on a wall or placed on a mantel so that the clock body is vertically offset with respect to a perpendicular line, the weight 31 of the pendulum will cause the pendulum bar 25 to assume a vertical position relative to the shaft 23 and pallet pin plate 22 without affecting the operative position of the pallet pins 24 with respect to the teeth of the escapement wheel 17.
Notwithstanding this assumed position of the pendulum bar 25 when the clock is caused to operate, a sufficient frictional contact between the pendulum bar 25 and the pallet pin plate 22 is achieved through the presence of the friction washer 30 to cause the pallet pin plate 22 to oscillate relative to the shaft 23 to properly control rotation of the escapement wheel 17 by the chain of gears 16. The operation of the clock associated with the pendulum connection as heretofore described, is set forth in the aforementioned pending application Serial No. 297,546 and Patent No. 3,113,639. In this respect, as shown in the drawings of this application, the electric motor 151 is provided with a worm gear 33 which has geared connection to a gear wheel 34 whereby when the electric motor 11 is caused to be periodically energized, the power spring of the clock mechanism is caused to be rewound. It is this power spring that drives the clock gears 16 which in turn drive the escapement wheel 17.
By providing a separate connection for the pendulum to the escapement mechanism of the clock, the operation of the clock may be pro-adjusted during its assembly.
3 This pro-adjustment relates to the placement of the pendulum Weight 31 upon one end of the pendulum 28 so that the pendulum 28 will swing through a predetermined arcuated path.
By providing a frictional connection between the pendulum bar 25 and the pallet pin plate 22, we have removed the necessity of having the clock placed in a prescribed vertical plane. By the pendulum weight 32 upon the pendulum 28 and the pendulum bar 25, these parts will be permitted to adjust their position about the supporting shaft 23 so that the pendulum 28 swings through the prescribed arcuate path notwithstanding the displacement of the clock out of a vertical plane. By
this method of self-adjustment, the pallet pins 24 will strike the gear teeth of the escapement wheel 17 with an equal and even force. These advantages are not found in the present pendulum escapement movements now available. 7
While we have illustrated and described the preferred form of construction for carrying our invention into effect, this is capable of variation and modification without departing from the spirit of the invention. We, therefore, do not wish to be limited to the precise details of construction set forth, but desire to avail ourselves of such variations and modifications as come Within the scope of the appended claims.
Having thus described our invention, what We claim as new and desire to protect by Letters Patent is:
1. A battery powered spring clock having a train of clock gears and an escapement mechanism,
(a) said escapement mechanism including a geared escapement wheel rotated by the clock gears,
(b) a pallet pin plate providing spaced apart parallelly extending pallet pins alternately engaging the gears of said escapement wheel,
(c) a shaft supporting said pallet plate relative to said escapernent wheel and with said pallet pins in alternetting engagement th rewith,
(d) a pendulum for said escapement mechanism,
(e) a supporting means for freely connecting said pendulum tosaid shaft, and
(1) means for frictionally connecting said pallet pin plate to said supporting means so said plate together 1 with said pallet pins will be caused to oscillate by the swinging movement of said pendulum.
2. A battery powered spring clock having a train of clock gears and an escapement mechanism,
(a) said escapement mechanism including a geared escapement wheel rotated by the clock gears, (b) a pallet pin plate providing spaced apart parallelly extending pallet pins alternately engaging the gears of said escapement wheel, (c) a shaft for supporting said pallet plate relative to said escapement wheel and with said pallet pins in alternating engagement therewith, (d) a pendulum for said escapement mechanism, (2) a pendulum bar for freely connecting said pendulum to said shaft, and (f) means for frictionally connecting said pallet pin plate to said pendulum bar so said plate together with said pallet pins will be caused'to oscillate by the swinging movement of said pendulum. 3. A battery powered spring clock having a train of clock gears and an escapement mechanism,
(a) said escapement mechanism including a geared 'escapement wheel rotated by the clock gears,
(b) a pallet pin plate providing spaced apart parallelly extending pallet pins alternately engaging the gears of said escapement wheel,
() a shaft for supporting said pallet plate relative to said escapement wheel and with said pallet pins in alternating engagement therewith,
(d) a pendulum for said escapement mechanism,
(e) a supporting means for freely connecting said pendulum to said shaft, and r (f) a friction washer journalled on said shaft between said plate and said supporting means for frictionally connecting said pallet pin plate to said supporting means so said plate together with said pallet pins will be caused to oscillate by the swinging movement of said pendulum. Y
4. A battery powered spring clock having a train of clock gears and an escapernent mechanism,
(a) said escapement mechanism including a geared escapement wheel rotated by the clock gears,
(b) a pallet pin plate providing spaced apart parallelly extending pallet pins alternately engaging the gears of said escapement wheel,
(0) a shaft for supporting said pallet plate relative to said escapement wheel and with said pallet pins in alternating engagement therewith,
' (d) a pendulum for said escapement mechanism,
(e) a pendulum bar for freely connecting said pendulum to said shaft, and
(f) a friction washer journalled on said shaft between said plate and said pendulum bar for frictionally connecting said pallet pin plate to said pendulum bar so said plate together with said pallet pins will be caused to oscillate by the swinging movement of said pendulum. V
5. A pendulum clock having a geared driven escape ment mechanism including a rotatable escapement wheel,
the movement of which is controlled by alternately engaging pallet pins,
(a) a pallet pin plate for supporting said pallet pins in a spaced parallel relation with respect to each other,
(b) a rotatable shaft for supporting said plate relative to the escapement wheel,
(6) a pendulum supported from said shaft,
(d) means for freely supporting said pendulum from said shaft, and
(e) means for frictionally connecting said supporting means to said plate to oscillate the same relative to said wheel when said pendulum swings through a vertical arcuated plane,
(f) said supporting means assuming a perpendicular plane by the weight of said pendulum connected thereto independently .of the position of said pallet pin plate with respect to the escapemen-t wheel and the vertical plane of the clock while at the same time effecting proper oscillation and contact of said pallet pins with said escapement wheel.
6. A pendulum clock having a geared driven escapement mechanism including a rotatable escapement wheel the movement of which is controlled by alternately engaging pallet pins, I
(a) a pallet pin plate for supporting said pallet pins in a spaced parallel relation with respect to each other, (b) a rotatable shaft for, supporting said plate relative to the escapement wheel, a (c) a pendulum supported from said shaft,
(d) a pendulum bar for freely supporting said pendulum from said shaft, and v ('0) means for frictionally connecting said pendulum bar to said plate to oscillate the same relative to said wheel when said pendulum swings through a vertical arcuated plane,
( said pendulum bar assuming a perpendicular plane by the weight of said pendulum connected thereto independently of the positionof said pallet pin plate with respect to the escapement wheel and the vertical plane of the clock while at the same time effecting proper oscillation and contact'of said pallet pins with said escapement wheel.
7. A pendulum clock having a geared driven escapement mechanism including a rotatable escapement wheel the movement of which is controlled by alternately engaging pallet pins,
(a) a pallet pin plate for supporting said pallet pins in a spaced parallel relation with respect to each other,
(b) a rotatable shaft for supporting said plate relative to the escapement Wheel,
(c) a pendulum supported from said shaft,
(0') means for freely supporting said pendulum from said shaft, and
(e) a friction washer journalled on said shaft between said plate and said supporting means for frictionally connecting said supporting means tosaid plate to oscillate the same relative to said wheel when said pendulum swings through a vertical arcuated plane,
(I) said supporting means assuming a perpendicular plane by the weight of said pendulum connected thereto independently of the position of said pallet pin plate with respect to the escapernent wheel and the vertical plane of the clock while at the same time effecting proper oscillation and contact of said pallet pins with said escapement wheel.
8. A pendulum clock having a geared driven escapement mechanism including a rotatable escapement wheel the movement of which is controlled by alternately engaging pallet pins,
(a) a pallet pin plate for supporting said pallet pins in a spaced parallel relation with respect to each other,
(12) a rotatable shaft for supporting said plate relative to the escapement wheel,
(c) a pendulum supported from said shaft,
(cl) a pendulum bar for freely supporting said pendulum from said shaft, and
(e) a friction washer journalled on said shaft between said plate and said pendulum bar for frictionally connecting said pendulum bar to said plate to oscillate the same relative to said wheel when said pendulum swings through a vertical arcuated plane,
(1) said pendulum bar assuming a perpendicular plane by the weight of said pendulum connected thereto independently of the position of said pallet pin plate with respect to the escapement wheel and the vertical plane of the clock while at the same time effecting proper oscillation and contact of said pallet pins with said escapement wheel.
No references cited.
LEO SMILOW, Primary Examiner.

Claims (1)

1. A BATTERY POWERED SPRING CLOCK HAVING A TRAIN OF CLOCK GEARS AND AN ESCAPEMENT MECHANISM, (A) SAID ESCAPEMENT MECHANISM INCLUDING A GEARED ESCAPEMENT WHEEL ROTATED BY THE CLOCK GEARS, (B) A PALLET PIN PLATE PROVIDING SPACED APART PARALLELY EXTENDING PALLET PINS ALTERNATELY ENGAGING THE GEARS OF SAID ESCAPEMENT WHEEL, (C) A SHAFT SUPPORTING SAID PALLET PLATE RELATIVE TO SAID ESCAPEMENT WHEEL AND WITH SAID PALLET PINS IN ALTERNATING ENGAGEMENT THEREWITH, (D) A PENDULUM FOR SAID ESCAPEMENT MECHANISM, (E) A SUPPORTING MEANS FOR FREELY CONNECTING SAID PENDULUM TO SAID SHAFT, AND (F) MEANS FOR FRICTIONALLY CONNECTING SAID PALLET PIN PLATE TO SAID SUPPORTING MEANS SO SAID PLATE TOGETHER WITH SAID PALLET PINS WILL BE CAUSED TO OSCILLATE BY THE SWINGING MOVEMENT OF SAID PENDULUM.
US343076A 1964-02-06 1964-02-06 Escapement movement for pendulum clocks Expired - Lifetime US3171244A (en)

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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3267742A (en) * 1964-07-06 1966-08-23 Mastercrafters Clock Corp Escapement noise reducing means
US3411288A (en) * 1966-08-11 1968-11-19 Koplar Self-aligning pendulum mount
US3434279A (en) * 1967-04-26 1969-03-25 Solomon Edward Koplar Pendulum hanger
US4127986A (en) * 1976-05-01 1978-12-05 Rhythm Watch Co., Ltd. Pendulum clock mechanism

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
None *

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3267742A (en) * 1964-07-06 1966-08-23 Mastercrafters Clock Corp Escapement noise reducing means
US3411288A (en) * 1966-08-11 1968-11-19 Koplar Self-aligning pendulum mount
US3434279A (en) * 1967-04-26 1969-03-25 Solomon Edward Koplar Pendulum hanger
US4127986A (en) * 1976-05-01 1978-12-05 Rhythm Watch Co., Ltd. Pendulum clock mechanism

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