US3155790A - Reversing relays having increased cut-off power - Google Patents

Reversing relays having increased cut-off power Download PDF

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Publication number
US3155790A
US3155790A US137106A US13710661A US3155790A US 3155790 A US3155790 A US 3155790A US 137106 A US137106 A US 137106A US 13710661 A US13710661 A US 13710661A US 3155790 A US3155790 A US 3155790A
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United States
Prior art keywords
contacts
bridges
core
support member
strips
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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US137106A
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English (en)
Inventor
Pierre L A Lemonnier
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
M T I LE MATERIEL TECH IND
M T I LE MATERIEL TECHNIQUE INDUSTRIEL
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M T I LE MATERIEL TECH IND
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Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H1/00—Contacts
    • H01H1/12—Contacts characterised by the manner in which co-operating contacts engage
    • H01H1/14—Contacts characterised by the manner in which co-operating contacts engage by abutting
    • H01H1/20—Bridging contacts
    • H01H1/2075—T-shaped bridge; bridging contact has lateral arm for mounting resiliently or on a pivot
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H1/00—Contacts
    • H01H1/06—Contacts characterised by the shape or structure of the contact-making surface, e.g. grooved
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H50/00—Details of electromagnetic relays
    • H01H50/54—Contact arrangements
    • H01H50/546—Contact arrangements for contactors having bridging contacts

Definitions

  • such a relay in order to avoid using a flexible connection for joining a terminal to a moving part of a reversing relay, such a relay can be made by providing the moving part with two contact bridges, which are arranged opposite to one another and separated -by a spring, the bridges moving between four fixed contacts with which they work alternately two by two.
  • the two iixed contacts on one side of the bridge forming the current feed, are interconnected, and the two iixed contacts on the other side are the output lterminals for the current, and are connected to two distinct circuits.
  • the present invention deals with a reversing relay which in comparison with known relays is capable of considerably increased cutting ofi1 power.
  • the moving part carries at least one pair of contacts bridges supported and separated by a spring, the bridges moving between four fixed contacts arranged in a rectangle with which they work alternately two by two, two of the said xed contacts situated on one side being interconnected and the other two serving two distinct circuits, the two bridges of the said pair are carried on an insulating support, and the spring which separates them is insulated electrically from one at least of these bridges.
  • the two contact bridges are in the shape of a T and are hinged on the insulating support by their vertical parallel arms, while the contacts carried by the cross-arm work into fixed Contact blades, parallel to one another and perpendicular to these cross-arms.
  • the spacing of the blades is at least equal to the gap distance (i.e. the displacement of the moving contacts carried by a bridge with regard to the lixed contacts with which they work), but less than twice this gap distance.
  • FIG. 1 is a diagrammatic representation of a current 'cut-off device using a bridge member shaped like a T.
  • FlG. la is an end-view of such a device.
  • FIG. 2 shows a plan View of a practical design for a reversing relay
  • FIGS. 3 and 4 are sections along III- HI and IV-V of FIG. 2.
  • FIG. 5 is an axial section taken along line V-V of FiG. 6 of an electromagnetic relay controlling a four pole double throw reversing switch.
  • FIG. 6 is an end-View of the base of the relay shown in FlG. 5.
  • FiG. 7 is a plan View of the relay shown in FIG. 5.
  • FIG. 8 is a perspective view of the relay position indicator of the relay shown in FIG. 5.
  • the xed contacts are two xed parallel conducting strips l and 2 situated in the same plane, the upper sides of which are silvered. These strips 1 and 2 can be bridged by a cross-strip 3, whose semi-spherical contacts 4- and 5 touch strips i and 2 respectively in the closed position.
  • the strip 3 carries a lateral extension 3a which allows the strip 3 to be hinged about the axis X-X on the armature of the relay, the strip 3 moving in the sense of the double arrow F.
  • a spring 6 provides the contact pressure necessary to maintain the current circuit in the closed position.
  • the forces F1 and F2 are proportional to the square of the strength of the current, and are inversely proportional to the distance separating the two arcs.
  • the arcs can be blown out satisfactory by reducing the distance of these arcs as far as possible by using contacts which are shifted towards one another so as to engage with the edges in respect of the fixed strips 1 and 2.
  • the contacts 4 and 5 of the bridge member 3 are so shaped that they take the shape of two drops of liquid whose most swollen or bulged out parts face one another.
  • the contacts behave like a horn gap, that is to say that by their shape (see the dotted lines) they cause the elongation of the arc which results in its cooling and final extinction.
  • the arcs are always quenched without any risk of re-striking, if the distance k between the edges of the two strips 1 and 2 is at least equal to the distance lz of the contact opening and less than twice this distance.
  • the strips 1 and 2 have in practice a width corresponding to the diameter of the contacts 4 and 5
  • good results are obtained by spacing the strips 1 and 2 at an interval k which is nearly equal to their own width; this holds as long as the spacing at the end of the contact-throw is then about equal to the diameter of the contacts 4 and 5.
  • the spacing of the strips 1 and 2 must not be more than twice their own width, that is to say that on the crossstrip 3 the spacing of the contacts 4 and 5 is understood to be between one and two times the diameter of these contacts.
  • FIGS. 2, 3 and 4 show the application of the invention to a reversing relay.
  • strips 8 and 9 are connected to the same pole P of a supply and serve as the currentfeed, whilst strips 10 and 11 are the outputs to two distinct circuits.
  • the strips S and 9 are preferably connected together by means of' a rivet 13 inside the xed insulating support 12 which is integral with the relay frame, so that the part 8a of the strip is the only current-feed for the two strips S and 9.
  • the reversing current breaker consists of the two crossstrips 14 and 15, which by moving alternately according to the direction of the arrow F (FIG. 3) are adapted to either bridge strips 8 and 10 or strips 9 and 11. Nevertheless, if the cross-strips 14 and 15 are electrically interconnected, as is usually the case in known constructions, the following disadvantage results:
  • the insulated movable support 17 associated with the reversing relay and carrying strips 14 and 15 has a cavity 17a.
  • the lateral extensions 14C and 15C of the two strips 14 and 15 penetrate into the cavity 17a. These extensions carry on. their opposing faces insulating discs 1S which serve to support the ends of a compression spring 19.
  • the strips 14 and 15 although elastically connected to one another,
  • each strip 14 and 15 rests at its back edge 19 on the bottom of the cavity 17a and carries at its end remote from the contacts two flanges Ztl, which are inserted in holes 21 in the insulating support 1'7.
  • each of the strips 14 or 15 can tilt slightly, so as to be placed against the pair of corresponding fixed strips, only one of its corners actually resting on the bottom of the cavity 17a.
  • the length of the extensions 14C and 15e being known and also the position of the spring 19 in relation to these extensions, the straight lines D, D (F16. 2) joining the flanges 2G to the axis of the spring 19, pass between the contacts of the strips 14 and 15, so that if these strips are tilted transversely the pressure of the spring 19 continues to be distributed between the two contacts of each of the strips.
  • FlGS. 5, 6 and 7 illustrate an embodiment of an electromagnetic relay having a plurality of reversing contacts.
  • the base 12 of this relay is approximately square, and has at each corner (FlG. 6) a set of strips 8, 9, 1t? and 11.
  • the insulating support 17 is shaped like a double T, and each of its four ends have a cavity 17a to receive the extensions 14e and 15o of two T strips 14 and 15.
  • the support 17 is fixed by means of a screw 22 to a flange 23a of the moving armature 23 of the relay.
  • the armature 23 consists of a sheet of metal bent at right angles to form two parts, a cranked part 23b of which is joined to the relay housing 25 by one end of a thin steel strip 24.
  • the strip 24 acts as a hinge being fixed to both the yoke 25 and the part 23h of the armature 23 by means of plates 26 and 27 riveted thereto.
  • the magnet yoke 25 is U-shaped, and carries the magnet core 23 in its centre lixed by a screw 29.
  • the core 2S carries the exciting coil 30.
  • a non-magnetic piece 31 (eg. brass) in the general shape of a cross (see FIG. 8) is positioned against the side of the yoke 25 facing the base.
  • the upper arm 31a of this piece has an aperture 32 through which the flange 23a passes.
  • the arm 31a also has a flange 33 which projects into the aperture 32.
  • the flange 33 acts as a stop for the armature in the opening direction.
  • the lower arm 31b of the cross 31 is bent at right angles, the end of this right angle, having a circular boss stamped on it, serves as the support for one end of a com pression spring 35.
  • the spring 35 acts as the return spring for the armature 23.
  • the other end of the spring 35 presses against the upper end of the spring casing 36, which forms part of the double T support 17.
  • the upper end of the spring is centered by the nut of the screw 22.
  • the magnet yoke 25 For fixing the magnet yoke 25 to the base 12, the latter has two bosses 33 which tit into lateral recesses in the double T support 17.
  • Bolts 39 pass through both the support 17 and the cross 31 and are screwed into two threaded bores on the side of the yoke 25 facing the base 12.
  • the two bolts 39 secure both the yoke 25 and the cross 31 to the base 12.
  • the outer face of the base 12 carries two strips 41D and 41, whose positions 0n the outer face correspond to the two upper strips 9 on the inside face (see FIG. 5).
  • the strips ttl and 41 which are bent in opposite directions in the material forming the base 12 serve as terminals for energising the coil 31D.
  • the inner parts 40a and 41a of these strips are in fact extended by means of iiexible conductors (not shown), which after passing through the grooves 44 formed in the bosses 35, are wound round the side of the yoke 25 facing the base and terminate at the coil.
  • the moving contacts carried by strips 14 and 15 are at the greatest possible distance from the hinge 24. For the same angular swing of the armature the throw of these contacts is then a maximum, and the speed of movement of these contacts is then also as great as possible; which together assist the power of the cut-off. Further, the stress on the return spring 35 is almost equal and opposite to the stress on the four springs 19 which exert the contact pressure of the moving contacts on the fixed strips. Likewise, the stress on the return spring occurs on the same side in relation to the hinge 24 as the attractive force of the magnet in its energised condition, and the forces acting on the hinge are then much reduced, and consequently the strip 24 allows the moving armature 23 to swing without being fatigued or deformed. Under these conditions it is possible to use a very thin and very flexible piece of steel for this hinge.
  • the relay which has just been described is enclosed in a parallel piped cover Sil nesting in a peripheral groove l at the edge of the base.
  • the relay is provided with an indicating device which is visible through a window Sila in the side of the cover 5@ opposite the base l2.
  • This indicating device consists of a U shaped metal band 52 provided with slots at its two ends which lit over the rectangular flanges at the ends of the horizontal arms 31C and Sid of the cross 31.
  • the base portion of the U shaped tlange has a threaded bore 53 for iixing screws to hold the cover 5d.
  • Each side of the band 52 carries two tongues 54 and 55.
  • the tongues 54 each have a hole which supports the pivots 56a of a U shaped frame S6.
  • the frame 56 is made from a single piece of metal and has on its side opposite the base, a shutter Seb.
  • the two ends of the U shaped frame 56 carry two catches 56C which face one another.
  • the catches 56C are inserted in the grooves 57 formed laterally at the ends of the upper arm of the support 17 (FIG. 6).
  • an insulating plane partition 59 (FIG. 7) can be provided on the side of the base l2 facing the relay in the plane of symmetry.
  • a reversing electromagnetic relay comprising a magnet core; a yoke upon which said core and winding are fixedly mounted; a winding for energizing said core; an armature pivotally connected to said yoke and magnetically associated with said core for magnetically induced pivotal movement in one direction relatively to said core when the latter is energized; means for pivotally moving the armature in an opposite direction relatively to the core when the latter is not energized, a rst insulating support member secured to a portion of said armature remote from its pivotal connection to said yoke, said support member having a recess opening in a direction facing away from said connection; a pair of opposed, spaced, T-shaped, substantially flat, conducting contact bridges, each end of opposite faces of the cross-bars of the two bridges carrying a substantially rounded contact and the leg of each bridge extending into said recess and being pivotally connected therein for pivotal move ment of said bridges about the ends of the legs thereof, the plane
  • a reversing relay according to claim l wherein the pair of rounded contacts are drop-shaped, the bulges of which face towards one another.
  • a reversing relay according to claim l wherein said fixed strip contacts are perpendicular to the cross-bars of said T-bridges and wherein the spacing of the facing edges of the strip contacts cooperating with both rounded contacts of a bridge is somewhat greater than the distance of one rounded contact to the corresponding xed strip contact in open condition of said contacts.
  • a reversing relay according to claim l wherein the distance of the facing edges of the rounded contacts carried by a T-bridge is smaller than twice the diameter of said substantially rounded con-tacts measured in the direction of the cross-bar of said bridge.
  • a reversing electromagnet relay comprising a yoke having a plurality of parallel legs; a winding carried by one of said legs tor energizing said yoke; a thin flexible blade secured to an external leg of said yoke along a first edge of said blade; an armature magnetically associated with said yoke, one end of said armature being secured to a second edge of said blade parallel -to said first edge; a flat lirst insulating support member secured to the other end of said armature perpendicularly thereto, said support member being provided with substantially rectangular recesses inthe front face thereof remote from said blade; similar pairs of opposed, spaced, T-shaped, substantially flat, conducting contact bridges, each end of the opposite faces of the cross-bars of each T-bridge carrying a substantially rounded contact and the legs of said "-bridges of each pair being in pivotal engagement within a different one of said recesses with the dat faces of said bridges facing walls of said recess which are
  • each lateral edge of the leg of the T-bridge ends in an outwardly bent tongue and wherein the walls of said recesses are provided with holes for accommodation of said tongues, whereby each T-bridge is adapted for pivotal movement about its end and in the plane of the longitudinal axis of its leg.
  • a reversing relay according to claim 5, further comprising a non-magnetic ilat member externally secured to another external leg of the yoke, said ilat member having an aperture through which said armature passes and a bent flange on 'the side opposite to said aperture, and wherein said latter spring means is a coil spring, One end of which acts yon said first support member and the other on said bent iange, whereby the edge of the aperture remote from said bent iiange acts as a stop for said armature.
  • a reversing relay according to claim 5, wherein said flat rst support member comprises a lateral recess on each side thereof and the relay further comprising a flat U-shaped member substantially surrounding said yoke and having facing ends engaging within said recesses, a transverse pivotal connection with said yoke and a bent Si flange in the transverse portion of said U, whereby said U-member and bent iiange occupy two angularly spaced positions according to the energized and nie-energized conditions of the relay and a cover surrounding said relay and having a Window registering with one position of said nent iiange.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Electromagnets (AREA)
  • Control Of Vehicles With Linear Motors And Vehicles That Are Magnetically Levitated (AREA)
  • Arc-Extinguishing Devices That Are Switches (AREA)
US137106A 1960-09-09 1961-09-11 Reversing relays having increased cut-off power Expired - Lifetime US3155790A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR838256A FR1274543A (fr) 1960-09-09 1960-09-09 Dispositif de coupure du courant et son application aux relais électromagnétiques
FR848595A FR78975E (fr) 1960-09-09 1961-01-02 Dispositif de coupure du courant et son application aux relais électromagnétiques

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3155790A true US3155790A (en) 1964-11-03

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US (1) US3155790A (en:Method)
CH (1) CH372754A (en:Method)
DE (1) DE1258957B (en:Method)
FR (2) FR1274543A (en:Method)
GB (1) GB997014A (en:Method)
LU (1) LU40566A1 (en:Method)

Cited By (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3243546A (en) * 1964-04-28 1966-03-29 Lee O Woods Electrical switching device having minimal contact bounce
US3436697A (en) * 1966-09-21 1969-04-01 Bliss Co Electromagnetic load relay having an insulated barrier between contacts
US3505625A (en) * 1968-09-12 1970-04-07 Square D Co Convertible contact structure for an electromagnetically operated switch
US3864652A (en) * 1974-03-04 1975-02-04 Ite Imperial Corp Floating contact means
US4048600A (en) * 1974-10-09 1977-09-13 Schaltbau Gesellschaft Mbh. Contact system for relays, particularly power relays
US4259652A (en) * 1979-04-30 1981-03-31 Eltra Corporation Reversing relay for permanent magnet DC motor
US4370636A (en) * 1981-04-03 1983-01-25 General Electric Company Electromagnetic dual break contactor
US4504713A (en) * 1983-07-13 1985-03-12 Adams Elevator Equipment Company Push button electrical switch assembly
US4529953A (en) * 1982-09-01 1985-07-16 Electromation, Inc. Electrical switch
US4540963A (en) * 1982-06-30 1985-09-10 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Relay with bridge contact spring
EP1600992A1 (en) * 2004-05-28 2005-11-30 Nec Tokin Corporation Electromagnetic relay
US20070217100A1 (en) * 2006-03-06 2007-09-20 General Protecht Group, Inc. Movement mechanism for a ground fault circuit interrupter with automatic pressure balance compensation
WO2016169612A1 (en) * 2015-04-24 2016-10-27 Abb Technology Ltd Bypass switch comprising a movable member with a first conductive section and a second conductive section
US11417475B2 (en) 2019-08-22 2022-08-16 General Equipment And Manufacturing Company, Inc. Electrical switch contact sets

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2622100C3 (de) * 1976-05-18 1982-06-09 Siemens AG, 1000 Berlin und 8000 München Elektromagnetisches Schaltgerät mit wahlweise als Öffner- oder Schließerkontakt veränderbaren Kontakten

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1141119A (en) * 1913-07-05 1915-06-01 Kellogg Switchboard & Supply Indicating-relay.
US2585824A (en) * 1948-01-27 1952-02-12 Electric Controller & Mfg Co Electric switch
US2825013A (en) * 1955-05-11 1958-02-25 Westinghouse Electric Corp A. c. contactor with d. c. magnet construction
US2956140A (en) * 1956-09-01 1960-10-11 Int Standard Electric Corp Electromagnetic relay spring assembly
US2995638A (en) * 1957-07-03 1961-08-08 Telemecanique Electrique Cut-off switch
US3014103A (en) * 1959-03-31 1961-12-19 Gen Electric Electrical switching apparatus
US3021519A (en) * 1958-12-12 1962-02-13 Westinghouse Air Brake Co Relay energization indicator

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2794093A (en) * 1954-01-28 1957-05-28 Morschel Franz Multi-pole relay switches

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1141119A (en) * 1913-07-05 1915-06-01 Kellogg Switchboard & Supply Indicating-relay.
US2585824A (en) * 1948-01-27 1952-02-12 Electric Controller & Mfg Co Electric switch
US2825013A (en) * 1955-05-11 1958-02-25 Westinghouse Electric Corp A. c. contactor with d. c. magnet construction
US2956140A (en) * 1956-09-01 1960-10-11 Int Standard Electric Corp Electromagnetic relay spring assembly
US2995638A (en) * 1957-07-03 1961-08-08 Telemecanique Electrique Cut-off switch
US3021519A (en) * 1958-12-12 1962-02-13 Westinghouse Air Brake Co Relay energization indicator
US3014103A (en) * 1959-03-31 1961-12-19 Gen Electric Electrical switching apparatus

Cited By (21)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3243546A (en) * 1964-04-28 1966-03-29 Lee O Woods Electrical switching device having minimal contact bounce
US3436697A (en) * 1966-09-21 1969-04-01 Bliss Co Electromagnetic load relay having an insulated barrier between contacts
US3505625A (en) * 1968-09-12 1970-04-07 Square D Co Convertible contact structure for an electromagnetically operated switch
US3864652A (en) * 1974-03-04 1975-02-04 Ite Imperial Corp Floating contact means
US4048600A (en) * 1974-10-09 1977-09-13 Schaltbau Gesellschaft Mbh. Contact system for relays, particularly power relays
US4259652A (en) * 1979-04-30 1981-03-31 Eltra Corporation Reversing relay for permanent magnet DC motor
US4370636A (en) * 1981-04-03 1983-01-25 General Electric Company Electromagnetic dual break contactor
US4540963A (en) * 1982-06-30 1985-09-10 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Relay with bridge contact spring
US4529953A (en) * 1982-09-01 1985-07-16 Electromation, Inc. Electrical switch
US4504713A (en) * 1983-07-13 1985-03-12 Adams Elevator Equipment Company Push button electrical switch assembly
EP1600992A1 (en) * 2004-05-28 2005-11-30 Nec Tokin Corporation Electromagnetic relay
US7372350B2 (en) 2004-05-28 2008-05-13 Nec Tokin Corporation Electromagnetic relay
US20070217100A1 (en) * 2006-03-06 2007-09-20 General Protecht Group, Inc. Movement mechanism for a ground fault circuit interrupter with automatic pressure balance compensation
US7515024B2 (en) * 2006-03-06 2009-04-07 General Protecht Group, Inc. Movement mechanism for a ground fault circuit interrupter with automatic pressure balance compensation
WO2016169612A1 (en) * 2015-04-24 2016-10-27 Abb Technology Ltd Bypass switch comprising a movable member with a first conductive section and a second conductive section
CN107533926A (zh) * 2015-04-24 2018-01-02 Abb瑞士股份有限公司 包含具有第一导电部和第二导电部的可动构件的旁路开关
US10153120B1 (en) * 2015-04-24 2018-12-11 Abb Schweiz Ag Bypass switch comprising a movable member with a first conductive section and a second conductive section
CN107533926B (zh) * 2015-04-24 2019-03-29 Abb瑞士股份有限公司 旁路开关、提供导电路径的方法和功率系统
US11417475B2 (en) 2019-08-22 2022-08-16 General Equipment And Manufacturing Company, Inc. Electrical switch contact sets
GB2588275B (en) * 2019-08-22 2022-09-28 General Equipment And Mfg Company Inc D/B/A Topworx Inc Electrical switch contact sets
US11955296B2 (en) 2019-08-22 2024-04-09 General Equipment And Manufacturing Company, Inc. Electrical switch contact sets

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB997014A (en) 1965-06-30
LU40566A1 (en:Method) 1961-10-31
CH372754A (fr) 1963-10-31
DE1258957B (de) 1968-01-18
FR1274543A (fr) 1961-10-27
FR78975E (fr) 1962-10-05

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