US3154394A - Switching system comprising a source of liquified gas - Google Patents

Switching system comprising a source of liquified gas Download PDF

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Publication number
US3154394A
US3154394A US106022A US10602261A US3154394A US 3154394 A US3154394 A US 3154394A US 106022 A US106022 A US 106022A US 10602261 A US10602261 A US 10602261A US 3154394 A US3154394 A US 3154394A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
heat exchangers
gas
source
vessel
cold
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Expired - Lifetime
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US106022A
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English (en)
Inventor
Ster Johannes Van Der
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US Philips Corp
North American Philips Co Inc
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US Philips Corp
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J5/00—Arrangements of cold exchangers or cold accumulators in separation or liquefaction plants
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04F—PUMPING OF FLUID BY DIRECT CONTACT OF ANOTHER FLUID OR BY USING INERTIA OF FLUID TO BE PUMPED; SIPHONS
    • F04F1/00—Pumps using positively or negatively pressurised fluid medium acting directly on the liquid to be pumped
    • F04F1/18—Pumps using positively or negatively pressurised fluid medium acting directly on the liquid to be pumped the fluid medium being mixed with, or generated from the liquid to be pumped
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C9/00—Methods or apparatus for discharging liquefied or solidified gases from vessels not under pressure
    • F17C9/02—Methods or apparatus for discharging liquefied or solidified gases from vessels not under pressure with change of state, e.g. vaporisation

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a system comprising a plurality of vapor bubble or lift pumps for lifting a liquid, for example, liquid gas.
  • This liquid gas may be, for example, liquid air, nitrogen, methane, or the like.
  • a vapor bubble or lift pump is to be understood to mean a liquid uptake implement consisting of a short, wide duct or a vessel termed the downtake duct which communicates with the lower end of a narrower uptake duct, to which, at a place below the liquid level in the downtake duct heat can be supplied so that vapor bubbles are produced in the uptake duct, which bubbles convey the liquid in the uptake duct in an upward direction in the manner of a gas introduced into the uptake duct of a so-called mammoth pump.
  • the invention provides a system in which such vapor bubble pumps are utilized in an advantageous and eificient manner.
  • vapor bubble or lift pumps with their heat supply devices also termed heating devices, and with their accessories are used as switching elements.
  • they may serve, for example, to replace valves, of which the use, under certain conditions, for example, with very low temperatures and with liquid gas traversing the valves, may give rise to difiiculties in which the valves are likely to be jammed.
  • a cold gas refrigerator which comprises, as is known, one or more walls (or heads) cooled during operation to an extent such that gas is condensed thereon.
  • Gas for example, air is conveyed towards this cold wall, preferably on its path to Wards the wall through a heat exchanger, constituents such as carbon dioxide and water which form impurities of the condensate are separated out of the gas.
  • each heat exchanger in such a system is connected, in order to change over the heat exchangers, to a vapor bubble pump and the heating devices for these pumps, are housed in a switching system.
  • the outlet duct for liquid gas of this cold gas refrigerator in a further embodiment of the invention may be connected with the vapor bubble pumps while the heat exchangers are connected with the space around the cold 3,154,394 Patented Oct. 27, 1964 head of the cold gas refrigerator and are adapted to separate out impurities from the gas conveyed towards the cold head.
  • the heat exchangers may constitute units which communicate through a space for the supply of gas vapor, with the space around the cold head. These units are arranged outside the cold head.
  • the connecting ducts between the heat exchangers and the space around the cold head may then be formed by uptake ducts which are bent over in a downward direction from a place located above the head to the space around the head.
  • the lower ends of the uptake pipes of the vapor lift or bubble pumps in a practical embodiment are arranged in a vessel to be filled with liquid gas so that this liquid blocks these lower ends.
  • This vessel then constitutes the downtake pipes of the vapor bubble pumps. If a separate downtake pipe is provided with a pump, this pipe may be arranged to surround the uptake duct, so that the lower end of the latter is also blocked by liquid in the downtake duct.
  • FIG. 1 shows a diagram of a known system comprising cocks or stop valves
  • FIG. 2 shows a diagram of one embodiment of a system according to the invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a fragmentary diagrammatic view of an alternate embodiment of outlet ducts.
  • the reference numeral 1 designates a cold head and the space surrounding it in a cold gas refrigerator.
  • Gas to be purified can be supplied to each heat exchanger 2 and 3 respectively at points 4 and 5. Subsequent to purification the gas can be conveyed in these systems through the ducts 6 and 7 from the spaces in the heat exchangers 2 or 3 towards the cold head 1.
  • the gas to be purified may be also supplied to a heat exchanger 28 or 29 at 4 or 5 and so conducted away subsequent to purification in the heat exchanger 28 or 29, through an outlet duct 8 or 9 as shown in FIG. 3.
  • the ducts 6 and 7 then serve to conduct away gas or vapor supplied through a dilferent duct, for example, the ducts 10 and 11 in FIG. 1, to the heat exchangers 2 or 3 to cool the gas supplied to these heat exchangers through the ducts 4 or 5
  • liquid gas condensed on the cold head 1 is conducted away through the ducts 12 and by means of a three-way cock or valve 13 either to the duct 10 and the heat exchanger 2, or to the duct 11 and the heat exchanger 3.
  • the ducts 6 and 7 join at a three-way cock or valve 14, which is capable of supplying gas or vapor via the duct 15 to the chamber surrounding the cold head 1.
  • the cocks 13 and 14 are set first, for example, so that the heat exchanger 2 is operative.
  • this heat exchanger 2 is filled with impurities from the gas supplied at 4 to a given extent, the cooks 13 and 14 are switched over, so that the heat exchanger 3 becomes operative and the heat exchanger 2 can be purged of the collected impurities.
  • liquid gas obtained on the cold head 1 is conveyed through the duct 12 to a vessel 16.
  • a vessel 16 In this vessel the lower ends of uptake ducts 17 and 18 of vapor bubble pumps are arranged.
  • the uptake duct 17 communicates with the heat exchanger 2 and the uptake duct 18 communicates with the heat exchanger 3.
  • the heating devices of the vapor bubble pumps are designated by 19 and 20. They are formed in this case by electrically heated elements, of which the current supply wires and the current outlet wires 21 and 22 and 23 and 24 respectively are connected to terminals 25 and 26 respectively of a switch 27.
  • the rising ducts 6 and 7, which conduct away gas or vapor from the heat exchangers, are bent over from a place P or Q respectively above the head 1 downwards towards the head so that at P and Q heat barriers are formed.
  • the cock 14 of FIG. 1 may then be completely dispensed with.
  • the cock 13 is replaced in FIG. 2 by the vapor bubble pumps, which can be changed over by means of the switch 27.
  • the switching device 27 may be constructed so that it is adapted to co-operate first with the heat exchanger 2, so that liquid gas is conducted through the uptake duct 17, then with the two heat exchangers, so that the two vapor bubble pumps are operative, and finally with the heat exchanger 3 and the vapor bubble pump 18.
  • the vessel 16 is to be proportioned so that a satisfactory change over is possible.
  • the liquid in the vessel 16 constitutes at the same time a satisfactory insulation for the lower ends of the rising ducts 17 and 18 of the vapor bubble pumps.
  • the system may comprise more than two heat exchangers, each of which is adapted to co-operate with vapor bubble pumps.
  • a system for switching over heat exchangers associated with a cold source comprising a plurality of heat exchangers adapted to be switched over, means for feeding gas to said heat exchangers and said cold source and condensing the output therefrom to form liquified gas, a vessel having its bottom located at a level below the bottoms of said heat exchangers, a conduit connecting said cold source to said vessel whereby said liquified gas is conducted thereto and stored therein, a plurality of vapor lift pumps having the lower ends thereof submerged in the liquified gas in said vessel and upper ends in communication with said heat exchangers which are adapted to transport said liquified gas in an upward direction to said heat exchangers; heating devices for each vapor lift pump, a source of power, and current supply wires provided with a switch for electrically connecting said source of power to selected current supply wires whereby said vapor lift pumps are electrically actuated and function as switching elements for said heat exchangers.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Separation By Low-Temperature Treatments (AREA)
  • Sorption Type Refrigeration Machines (AREA)
  • Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)
  • Feeding, Discharge, Calcimining, Fusing, And Gas-Generation Devices (AREA)
US106022A 1960-05-06 1961-04-27 Switching system comprising a source of liquified gas Expired - Lifetime US3154394A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
NL251313 1960-05-06

Publications (1)

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US3154394A true US3154394A (en) 1964-10-27

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ID=19752315

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US106022A Expired - Lifetime US3154394A (en) 1960-05-06 1961-04-27 Switching system comprising a source of liquified gas

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US3154394A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
CH (1) CH402029A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DK (1) DK103784C (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
ES (1) ES267122A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
GB (1) GB939948A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
NL (2) NL251313A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3362174A (en) * 1963-10-14 1968-01-09 Air Liquide Gaseous condensation in vacuum with plural refrigerants
US3388180A (en) * 1962-12-28 1968-06-11 Union Carbide Corp Di (omega-alkenyl) cyclopentanes

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4397612A (en) 1979-02-22 1983-08-09 Kalina Alexander Ifaevich Gas lift utilizing a liquefiable gas introduced into a well

Citations (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB776186A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) *
US572449A (en) * 1896-12-01 Electric steam and gas engine
US2002941A (en) * 1930-11-12 1935-05-28 American Oxythermic Corp Method and means of separating gas mixtures
US2008334A (en) * 1933-07-03 1935-07-16 Improved Equipment Russell Eng Vertical retort bench
US2637531A (en) * 1949-09-17 1953-05-05 Harold B Davidson Apparatus for circulating water
US2651508A (en) * 1949-11-04 1953-09-08 William M Bready Heat exchange apparatus for liquids containing solids
US2677252A (en) * 1950-11-10 1954-05-04 Union Carbide & Carbon Corp Method and apparatus for controlling periodically reversed heat exchange devices
US2749714A (en) * 1953-01-12 1956-06-12 Phillips Petroleum Co Underground storage system
US2853953A (en) * 1952-05-07 1958-09-30 Zander & Ingestroem Liquid pumps
US2958203A (en) * 1958-02-01 1960-11-01 Sulzer Ag Gas purification method
US2959926A (en) * 1955-02-04 1960-11-15 Stamicarbon Generation of cold or cooling by evaporation of a liquid evaporating at a very low temperature
US2963874A (en) * 1957-08-05 1960-12-13 Columbia Southern Chem Corp Method of and means for storing chlorine
US2964916A (en) * 1957-10-14 1960-12-20 British Oxygen Co Ltd Production of inert atmospheres in storage vessels, fuel tanks and the like

Patent Citations (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB776186A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) *
US572449A (en) * 1896-12-01 Electric steam and gas engine
US2002941A (en) * 1930-11-12 1935-05-28 American Oxythermic Corp Method and means of separating gas mixtures
US2008334A (en) * 1933-07-03 1935-07-16 Improved Equipment Russell Eng Vertical retort bench
US2637531A (en) * 1949-09-17 1953-05-05 Harold B Davidson Apparatus for circulating water
US2651508A (en) * 1949-11-04 1953-09-08 William M Bready Heat exchange apparatus for liquids containing solids
US2677252A (en) * 1950-11-10 1954-05-04 Union Carbide & Carbon Corp Method and apparatus for controlling periodically reversed heat exchange devices
US2853953A (en) * 1952-05-07 1958-09-30 Zander & Ingestroem Liquid pumps
US2749714A (en) * 1953-01-12 1956-06-12 Phillips Petroleum Co Underground storage system
US2959926A (en) * 1955-02-04 1960-11-15 Stamicarbon Generation of cold or cooling by evaporation of a liquid evaporating at a very low temperature
US2963874A (en) * 1957-08-05 1960-12-13 Columbia Southern Chem Corp Method of and means for storing chlorine
US2964916A (en) * 1957-10-14 1960-12-20 British Oxygen Co Ltd Production of inert atmospheres in storage vessels, fuel tanks and the like
US2958203A (en) * 1958-02-01 1960-11-01 Sulzer Ag Gas purification method

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3388180A (en) * 1962-12-28 1968-06-11 Union Carbide Corp Di (omega-alkenyl) cyclopentanes
US3362174A (en) * 1963-10-14 1968-01-09 Air Liquide Gaseous condensation in vacuum with plural refrigerants

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
NL251313A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DK103784C (da) 1966-02-21
CH402029A (de) 1965-11-15
GB939948A (en) 1963-10-16
NL110947C (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
ES267122A1 (es) 1961-11-01

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