US3150244A - Electromagnetic relay - Google Patents

Electromagnetic relay Download PDF

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Publication number
US3150244A
US3150244A US183345A US18334562A US3150244A US 3150244 A US3150244 A US 3150244A US 183345 A US183345 A US 183345A US 18334562 A US18334562 A US 18334562A US 3150244 A US3150244 A US 3150244A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
plate
core
armature
relay
cover
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US183345A
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English (en)
Inventor
Nitsch Rudolf
Lohs Willy
Sommer Friedrich
Angermaier Hugo
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siemens and Halske AG
Siemens AG
Original Assignee
Siemens AG
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Publication date
Priority claimed from DES73209A external-priority patent/DE1191042B/de
Application filed by Siemens AG filed Critical Siemens AG
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3150244A publication Critical patent/US3150244A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H51/00—Electromagnetic relays
    • H01H51/28—Relays having both armature and contacts within a sealed casing outside which the operating coil is located, e.g. contact carried by a magnetic leaf spring or reed
    • H01H51/281—Mounting of the relay; Encapsulating; Details of connections

Definitions

  • a relay comprising a plate in which is inserted at least one core member of pin-like configuration, extending perpendicularly to the plane of the plate, such core member serving as an electrical conductor as well as a magnetic conductor, and an armature which is magnetizable and also serves as an electrical conductor, such armature cooperating with at least one core member to execute circuit switching relay functions.
  • the individual components required for the construction of the relay can be easily fabricated.
  • the combination of the components as contemplated by the invention adapts the relay particularly to serve the intended purpose.
  • the connection between the plate and at least one cover member can be particularly eifeoted in the automatic fabrication, since the surface of the plate provides accurate reference areas for the proper disposition of the component parts. This is also true so far as the electrically conductive armature is-concerned, the accurate position of which, with respect to the core member and the plate, can be definitely determined in automatic fabrication, thereby also determining the requred contact spacing.
  • the armature is suitably constructed as a flat component which is in particularly advantageous manner arranged substantially in parallel with the plate, thereby obtaining a compact relay structure.
  • the core member is in such a case advantageously inserted in the plate so that its end which faces the armature is substantially flush with the corresponding side of the plate or protruding only slightly therefrom, thus contributing further toward a compact structure of the relay.
  • the plate may be made of insulating material, for example, ceramic material, it is particularly advantageous, especially so far as the fabrication of the relay is concerned, to employ a metallic plate.
  • a plate is mechanically strong and adapted to be subjected to the relatively great stresses occurring in automatic fabrication, without affecting its dimensions, and permitting to define Wth greatest accuracy the reference areas which are available for the construction of the relay.
  • the core member may be secured in the plate by sealing means made of glass or materials having similar properties, advantageously employing for this purpose pressure fusing technique.
  • the connection between the plate and the core means may thus be made gastight in simple mannor, which is of advantage in the further construction of the relay, as will be presently explained more in detail.
  • Securing of the core means in the plate in this manner has, in the case of a metal plate, the advantage of providing a satisfactory electrical insulation between the corresponding parts.
  • the fused seals are very strong and withstand stresses that may occur incident to the automatic fabrication operations.
  • the core or cores to be secured in the plate by glass seals are advantageously widened at the end thereof at which they are inserted in the plate. This simplifies the fabrication in which annular glass bodies are placed upon the cores and surrounding the latter within the range of corresponding openings formed in the plate, the connection between the parts being thereupon secured by heating.
  • the widening of the respective cores assures the glass parts in accurate position with respect thereto and prevents spreading of the glass in fluid condition to the free end of the core or to the surrounding area of the plate, thus avoiding contaminations which would have to be removed subsequently, since the free end of the core forms a contact in cooperation with the armature of the relay made according to the invention.
  • the armature especially when it is also utilized as an electrical conductor, should be disposed in a closed or sealed chamber.
  • a chamber can be provided in simple manner by placing a cover upon the plate, such cover, in cooperation with the plate, defining the closed space or chamber for the armature.
  • the plate may be provided with up wardly drawn rim upon which is placed a plane plate.
  • the plate is advantageously formed plane and the cover is provided with angularly bent rim and positioned upon the plate.
  • the cover may be removably connected with the plate. It is, however, of advantage to provide for a fixed connection between the cover and the plate, which is produced in automatic fabrication without diificulties, for example, by welding or soldering a metallic cover to a metallic plate.
  • the cover is advantageously connected with the plate in hermetically tight manner, so that the armature can be arranged within a space or chamber which is evacuated or filled with a protective gas.
  • a hermetically tight connection is easily effected by welding or soldering the parts together.
  • the cover may be provided in known manner with suctionstubs for effecting evacuation and subsequent filling of the enclosed space with protective gas, whereupon such stubs are sealed. It is understood, of course, that the core or cores must be projected through the plate in gastight manner.
  • the cover may be provided with an annular flange-like rim for engagement with a marginal zone of the plate.
  • Such construction of the cover is particularly suitable for welding or soldering the parts together since they are in engagement over relatively large portions thereof.
  • Guide means or positioning means are advantageously provided on both parts to facilitate the automatic operation applied for effecting the connection therebeween, such guide means determining the mutual positions of the parts.
  • Such guide means may be realized in simple manner by forming an annular depression along the marginal zone of the plate, and disposing in such depression the marginal portion of the cover, that is, the previously mentioned flange formed on the cover.
  • the end of the core which cooperates for'con-tact making with the armature is advantageously formed spherically.
  • the substantially flat armature will in this manner form a practically constant accurately define contact engagement with the core, regardless of the angular position olfers an accurate reference area.
  • v j ture spring to'be welded to'the cover, the armature will 7 9 thereof with respect to the core, without having to resort to adjusting operations which increase the costs.
  • At least one magnetizing winding Upon the part of at least one core which projects from the side of the plate facing away from the armature, is provided at least one magnetizing winding. Such arrangement of the winding is easily effected in automatic operation.
  • a yoke plate extending parallel therewith.
  • This yoke plate may be provided with holes through which the cores project, requiring, of course, care to provide for electrically insulating the parts with respect to one another.
  • the relay may beconstructed with only'one core which is inserted in a metallic plate, the armature thereby effecting contact between the plate and the core.
  • the armature which extends between the cover and the single core, effects contact between the-parts.
  • a relay constructedin the above described manner requires relatively very little space, since particular contact devices are eliminated.
  • T e construction of the relay with a hermetically tightly enclosed space or chamber 7 for the armature results in the great advantage of requiring for the enclosed space only one single lead-through, namely, for the core, thus reducing to the lowest possible number the places at which leakage might occur.
  • the armature is advantageously journalled by means of a spring.
  • an electrically conductive connection between the armature and the plate or 'cover may be produced by such spring in simple manner by connecting the between the plate and the cover, by the armature,'the
  • the desired'position of thecore in the plate may be readily obtained by. the use of a planar backing member in alignment with the core and the plate.
  • the armature comprises two mutually independent parts lying alongside one another and fastened preferably to respective extensions of a spring,jthus resulting in a dual contact and therewith in improved contacting operation.
  • the cover is advantageously providedwith an inwardly extending boss for engagement'with the armature so as to determine the normal position thereof.
  • the spring for'holding the armature ' may be fastened to such a cover, for example, by welding.
  • a relay made according to the invention and equipped with such a cover offers particular advantages which adapt it for automaticfabrication. These advantages will now be briefly described.
  • Thespring may beused in completely plane condition without any pretensioningthoreof.
  • the most important parameter of the relay namely, the spacing between the coreand the armature, which is equivalent to the contact spacing, depends solely on one single dimension, that is, the spacing between the plate and the cover part which extends parallel therewith. This dimension can be maintained with great accuracy, for example, upon forming the cover with angularly bent rim which lies in engagement with the plate.
  • the spacing between the core and the armature will accordingly automatically result with the required great accuracy upon connecting the respective components with each other.
  • the boss which projects inwardly of thecover may be made in the form of an indentation, the depth of which can be accurately fixed according to a predetermined dimension.
  • the boss projecting inwardly of the cover may also be formed by an electrically conductive pin extending through the cover, resulting in the possibility of utilizing such pin, in cooperation with the armature, as a normal or break contact. It is likewise possible to make the pin of magnetically conductive material in combination with a cover made of non-magnetic material, for example, of brass. Such construction will offer the possibility of arranging for a normal contact, and will result in the further advantage of placing upon the pin at least one energizing winding for additionally controlling the operation of the armature.
  • the condition, insofar as the flow of the flux is concerned, can'be improved by arranging at least one flux conducting member extending in parallel with the part of the core .on which is provided the energizing winding, and magnetically connecting such member with the core by a yoke plate extending parallel therewith.
  • the flux conducting member and theyoke plate may be made of one piece, for example, in the form of a pot-like member which embraces the energizing winding.
  • a yoke plate extending in parallel to the core plate, and having holes or openings formed therein for cores which extend therethr'ough.
  • the free ends of the cores are in such a case so arranged that they may be utilized as contact terminal pins.
  • the relay may then be plugged, for example, into holes formed in a printed circuit plate so as to form connections with the circuitry, and the ends of these corepin-terrninals can be soldered to corresponding parts of the circuit, thereby fastening the reiay in position on the plate of the printed circuit.
  • the relay is very light in weight owing to the compact structure thereof, and such fastening will therefore fully suffice and obviate separate fastening means which normally would otherwise be re quired.
  • Such additional contact elements can be advantageously provided onthe plate which carries the'core.
  • Such'contact elements are advantageously inserted in the plate, extending in parallel with the core and being of the same length andconliguration as the core.
  • a relay constructed in this manner therefore offers, insofar as automatic fabrication is concerned, all'the advantages observed in connection with a relay having core means operating electricaland also as magnetic condue tors.
  • the positions of the additional contact elements may be-related to the referenceareas of the, plate surface with'the same accuracy as that of the core, since these contact elements are inserted in thesame plate as the core.
  • the devices required for the insertion or placement of the contact elements can therefore be constructed in a similar manner as the devices used for the insertion or placement of cores.
  • the relay conducted in accordance with the invention is particularly adapted for combination with a plurality of like relays to form a relay set.
  • a relay set may thus be constructed upon a common plate, retaining thereby, insofar as the fabrication is concerned, all advantages oifered by the individual relay.
  • a relay set with very compact space saving structure may be provided in this manner.
  • Such a relay set may be built with parts arranged in various manner.
  • the cores of the various relays can be placed or inserted in a plate with relatively large area, in desired distribution, for example, in a plurality of rown disposed one in back of the the other.
  • a further structural simplification of the relay set according to the invention may be achieved, in connection with relays having closed chambers for the respective armatures, formed by the covers in cooperation with the corresponding plates, by combining in a common component the covers of at least some of the relays.
  • Still another simplification is achieved by likewise combining in a common component at least some of the yoke plates, cooperatively associated with the respective relays, extending parallel with the corresponding core plates and magnetically connecting the cores.
  • relays Upon using relays with spring-journalled armatures, at least some of the relays may be journalled on a spring band or strip which is common thereto.
  • a spring band may be provided with window-like cutouts formed therein, whereby the Webs between the cutouts can be used for fastening the armatures, the latter lying within the window-like contacts of the spring strip.
  • the number of individual parts required for the construction of the relay set can be reduced to a far reaching extent, thereby resulting in simplification of the fabrication.
  • FIG. 1 shows in cross-sectional representation a relay according to the invention, comprising a plate in which is positioned a core, and a cover disposed upon the plate and forming therewith a closed space for the armature, a boss being formed on the cover, for engagement with the armature in the normal positionthereof; a
  • FIG. 2 is an elevational view of the inside of the cover and the armature means cooperating therewith;
  • FIG. 3 represents in cross-sectional view a relay similar to the one shown in FIG. 1, but having a pin projecting through the cover for engagement with the armature in the normal position thereof;
  • FIG. 4 illustrates in cross-sectional representation a relay provided with two cores
  • FIG. 5 indicates in cross-sectional view a relay according to the invention comprising two magnetically and electrically conductive cores and a contact element which is only electrically conductive and cooperates with the armature;
  • FIG. 6 shows in cross-sectional representation a relay set or bar provided with relays constructed according to the invention, the arrangement being such that the armatures of the relays extend serially as viewed in longitudinal direction of the set;
  • FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional transverse view taken along lines I--I of FIG. 6; and 7 FIG. 8 represents an interior view of the cover employed in the relay set shown in FIGS. 6 and 7.
  • FIG. 1 The arrangement shown in FIG. 1 comprises a metallic plate 1 and a core 2, the latter being sealed gastight in position by a seal 3 of glass or similar material.
  • the inner end 4 of the core 2, which is spherically formed, is flush with the inner plane of the plate 1.
  • Numeral 10 indicates a cover having a flange 11 disposed in a marginal depression formed in the plate. The cooperation of these parts determines the accurate position of the cover on the plate.
  • the cover is made of metal and is hermetically tightly welded to the plate.
  • Numeral 13 indicates the armature which is by means of a spring 12 journalled on the cover, inside thereof, the opposite ends of the spring 12 being Welded to the cover and to the armature, respectively.
  • the armature is in the normal position thereof in engagement with a boss i4, formed by indentation of the cover and inwardly projecting therefrom at an area aligned with the core 2.
  • energizing winding or coil 6 Upon the outwardly extending portion of the core 2 is disposed the energizing winding or coil 6.
  • Numeral 7 indicates a yoke plate having a hole formed therein through which the core projects as shown.
  • a flux conducting member 8 extending in parallel with the core 2 is disposed between the yoke plate 7 and the core plate 1.
  • the armature 13 is attracted by the core responsive to energization of the winding 6, appropriate electrical circuit connections being of course provided in this as well as in all other embodiments, and the armature accordingl engages the spherically shaped end 4- of the core. Since the armature 13 is over the spring 12 electrically conductively connected with the metallic cover, there will be closed a circuit which is by suitable means connected respectively with the core and the plate or the cover. With appropriate construction of the relay, the armature will not only engage the core but also part of the surface 5 of the plate 1, thereby establishing a circuit extending over the spring and the armature between the plate and the core.
  • the area of the armature which establishes contact engagement with the core and also the corresponding area or point of the cover, may be coated with a contact material of noble metal, for example, silver.
  • a contact material of noble metal for example, silver.
  • The. free outer end of the core projects through a hole formed in an insulating plate 15 which carries a conductor 16 printed thereon.
  • This conductor is soldered to the core, for example, by immersion soldering, thereby establishing an electrical connection between the conductor and the core, such connection also serving for fastening the relay in place on the insulating plate 15.
  • the armature is constructed of two independent parts, as shown in FIG. 2, which are soldered to extensions 17 and 18 of the armature journalling spring 12, the latter being welded to the cover as already described.
  • FIG. 3 Parts in FIG. 3 which correspond to identical parts shown in FIG. 1, are identically referenced.
  • the cover 35 is in FIG. 3 made of non-magnetic metal, through the wall of which extends in gastight manner a magnetically conductive pin 9, such pin being, for example, welded to the wall of the cover.
  • the armature is in the normal position thereof, in engagement with the inner end of the pin 9.
  • a coil or winding 21 ⁇ is provided on the outwardly protruding part of the pin 9. Accordingly, the operation of the armature can be controlled by the action of the coil 20 additionally to the action of the coil 6.
  • the core 22 is at its upper end provided with an enlargement 19, such enlargement facilitating the fusing operation of the seal 3 and preventing the flow of the sealing material beyond the space extending between the core 22 and the plate 36.
  • the relay shown in FEG. 4 is. provided with two cores 23 and 24, which are at 34 sealed gastight in position in the metallic plate 21. Journalled in the core 24, by means of a spring 25, is the armature 26 which also serves as electrical conductor. Upon the plate 21 is placed the cover 27, having a boss 28 formed therein, for example u a by indentation thereof, the armature being in its'normal position in engagement with this boss.
  • the metallic core 27 is hermetically tightly welded to the plate 21.
  • Numeral 3d indicates a yoke plate for magnetically interconnecting the cores 23 and 24.
  • the cores extend through holes formed in the yoke plate, and the free ends of the cores are plugged into holes formed in the insulating plate 31 which is provided with printed conductors such as 32 and 33.
  • the free outer ends of the cores are soldered to these conductors, thereby forming electrical connectionsand serving also for holding the relay in position on the printed circuit plate.
  • the example illustrated in FlG. comprises a plate 35 carrying in addition to two cores 36 and 37, whichserve as electrical and magnetic conductors, a member 38 which forms a solely electrically conductive contact ele-' ment for cooperation with the armature 39.
  • the armature 39 is slightly V-shaped and tiltably journalled upon the centrally disposed core 36 by means of a spring 49.
  • the magnetizing winding or coil 41 Upon the centrally disposed core is provided the magnetizing winding or coil 41.
  • the armature 39 is disposed in a closed chamber formed by the cover 32 in cooperation with the plate 35.
  • the cores 36 and 37 are magnetically interconnected by a yoke plate 43.
  • spring strip or band is welded to the cover on the inside thereof, such spring strip carrying the relay armatures, the respective armatures being made of two parts 43 and 49 which are welded to extensions 59 and 51 of the spring strip.
  • the corresponding welding spots are indicated at 52 and 53.
  • the connecting points between the spring strip and the cover are indicated by numeral 54.
  • the spring strip extensions 5t), 51 project in the case of all relays; except the lowermost relay, into window-like cutouts 55 formed in the spring strip 47.
  • the spring strip presses each armature against a boss 56 projecting inwardly from the cover 46 in alignment with the'corresp'onding .core.
  • the bosses 56 may be made in the form of indentations or maybe in the forms of pins extending through the cover. 7
  • each core 45 Upon each core 45 is provided a magnetizing winding or coil 57.
  • the cores are magneticallyinterconnected by means of a yoke plate 58 which is common to all relays of the set, the various cores projecting through holes in the yoke plate without establishing electrical connections therewith;
  • Magneticallyilconductive members such as 62 are provided between the core plate 44 and the yoke plate 53, such members extending in parallel with the respective cores.
  • the free outer 'ends of the 1 cores are plugged intoan insulating plate 59 which is provided with printed conductors 69 to which the cores can be connected by soldering;
  • An electromagnetic relay comprising a magnetizable electrically conductive core, a magnetizing winding carried by and electrically insulated from .said core, a carrier for said core'in the form of a plate having substantially rectangular cross section, said core being of pin-like configuration and inseparably secured in electrically insulated relation with respect to said carrier, said pin core extending perpendicularly to the plane of said carrier plate, a magnetizable armature, disposed at one side of said carrier, having a part disposed opposite said core and cooperable' therewith to form operative contacts of the relay, the surface of the carrier at the armature side thereof forming a reference planefor the disposition of the armature, the core, engaging portions of the contacts, and associated relay parts, and the surface of the opposite side of the carrier forming a reference plane for the magnetizing winding, and means forming a flux return path between said core and carrier, the armature being disposed for direct opposition to the core contacted thereby and'a part of the plate surface, to act as
  • An electromagnetic relay according to claim 2 wherein a cover is disposed upon the carrier plate, said cover cooperating with said plate to form a sealed space for the armature.
  • cover is at least partially made of metal and the armature effects in its working position contact be tween the cover and the operating core.
  • a relay set comprising a. plurality of electromagnetic relays according to claim 3, wherein the relay set has a common carrier plate taking the place of the carrier plates of the individual relays, in which common plate' are inserted the cores of .all'relays, at least one fluxconducting piece being associated with each core and ar-L ranged'parallel .to the part of the associated core which carries the energizing winding, said flux-conducting piece being connected magnetically with such coreby a yoke plate which extends'parallel to the carrier plate, the cover and yoke plate being respectively formed as a common cover and common yoke plate at least for a part of the relays of the relay set.
  • contact elements cooperating with the armature are inserted into the same carrier plate in which is inserted at least one magnetizable core which also serves as an electrical conductor, said contact element serving only as electrical conductors and being constructed in the same manner as the core and inserted in the plate.
  • said means forming a flux return path comprises at least one flux-conducting piece arranged parallel to the part of the core which carries the energizing winding, said flux-conducting piece being connected magnetically with the core by a yoke plate which extends parallel to the carrier plate.
  • a relay set comprising a plurality of electromagnetic relays according to claim 1, wherein the relay set has a common carrier plate taking the place of the carrier plates of the individual relays, in which common plate are inserted the cores of all relays.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Electromagnets (AREA)
  • Ignition Installations For Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
US183345A 1961-03-29 1962-03-26 Electromagnetic relay Expired - Lifetime US3150244A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DES73209A DE1191042B (de) 1961-03-29 1961-03-29 Elektromagnetisches Relais
DES73213A DE1280408B (de) 1961-03-29 1961-03-29 Elektromagnetisches Relais

Publications (1)

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US3150244A true US3150244A (en) 1964-09-22

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ID=25996386

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US183345A Expired - Lifetime US3150244A (en) 1961-03-29 1962-03-26 Electromagnetic relay

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US3150244A (nl)
DE (1) DE1280408B (nl)
FI (2) FI41176B (nl)
GB (3) GB965476A (nl)
NL (5) NL140089B (nl)
SE (2) SE331512B (nl)

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3324432A (en) * 1965-08-27 1967-06-06 Int Standard Electric Corp Sealed contact makers including diaphragms for closing contacts
US3394326A (en) * 1963-05-13 1968-07-23 Int Standard Electric Corp Electro-magnetic contact-making relays
US3753176A (en) * 1971-11-26 1973-08-14 Int Standard Electric Corp Switching matrice crosspoint
US3868611A (en) * 1972-12-01 1975-02-25 Int Standard Electric Corp Magnetically actuated sealed contact
US3869685A (en) * 1973-02-09 1975-03-04 Int Standard Electric Corp Sealed contact capable of being magnetically actuated
US3962659A (en) * 1973-10-20 1976-06-08 Nippon Electric Company Limited Electromagnetic switch
US4482875A (en) * 1981-06-22 1984-11-13 Hartger Peterseil Polarized electromagnetic midget relay

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2933571A (en) * 1958-11-07 1960-04-19 Oak Mfg Co Relay
US2972032A (en) * 1959-01-02 1961-02-14 Gen Electric Vacuum interrupter
US3053953A (en) * 1959-08-19 1962-09-11 Siemens Ag Electromagnetic relay
US3056869A (en) * 1959-06-17 1962-10-02 Int Standard Electric Corp Sealed contact device
US3078359A (en) * 1959-08-19 1963-02-19 Siemens Ag Relay set comprising two relays

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2933571A (en) * 1958-11-07 1960-04-19 Oak Mfg Co Relay
US2972032A (en) * 1959-01-02 1961-02-14 Gen Electric Vacuum interrupter
US3056869A (en) * 1959-06-17 1962-10-02 Int Standard Electric Corp Sealed contact device
US3053953A (en) * 1959-08-19 1962-09-11 Siemens Ag Electromagnetic relay
US3078359A (en) * 1959-08-19 1963-02-19 Siemens Ag Relay set comprising two relays

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3394326A (en) * 1963-05-13 1968-07-23 Int Standard Electric Corp Electro-magnetic contact-making relays
US3324432A (en) * 1965-08-27 1967-06-06 Int Standard Electric Corp Sealed contact makers including diaphragms for closing contacts
US3753176A (en) * 1971-11-26 1973-08-14 Int Standard Electric Corp Switching matrice crosspoint
US3868611A (en) * 1972-12-01 1975-02-25 Int Standard Electric Corp Magnetically actuated sealed contact
US3869685A (en) * 1973-02-09 1975-03-04 Int Standard Electric Corp Sealed contact capable of being magnetically actuated
US3962659A (en) * 1973-10-20 1976-06-08 Nippon Electric Company Limited Electromagnetic switch
US4482875A (en) * 1981-06-22 1984-11-13 Hartger Peterseil Polarized electromagnetic midget relay

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB965476A (en) 1964-07-29
SE314138B (nl) 1969-09-01
FI40186C (fi) 1968-11-11
GB965477A (en) 1964-07-29
NL140089B (nl) 1973-10-15
SE331512B (nl) 1971-01-04
FI40186B (nl) 1968-07-31
NL276522A (nl)
FI41176B (nl) 1969-06-02
GB966626A (en) 1964-08-12
DE1280408B (de) 1968-10-17
NL276519A (nl)
NL140088B (nl) 1973-10-15
NL276523A (nl)

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