US314253A - Wire-nail-making machine - Google Patents

Description

(No Model.) A 2 Sheets-Sheet 1.

S. LORING 8v E. S. MORTON.

WIRI: NAIL MAKING MACHINE. No. 314,253. Patenfted Mar. 24, 1885.

(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 2.

" S. LORING 8a E. SMORTON.

WIRE NAIL MAKING MACHINE Patent-ed Mar. 24

Iman/tors. ,g u d @7 Wtn/csses.

UNTTED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

SAMUEL LORIN G, OF DUXBURY, AND 'EPHRAIM S. MORTON, OF PLYMOUTH, MASSACHUSETTS.

WIRE-NAIL-MAKING MACHlNE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent NO. 314,253, dated March 24, 1885.

Application filed March 3, 1884. (No model.)

To all w/'wm it may concern: Beit known that we, SAMUEL LORING, of Duxbury, and EPHRAIM S. MoRToN, of Plymouth, both in the county of Plymouth, and State of Massachusetts, have invented certain Improvements in Wire Nail and Rivet Machines, of which the following is a specification.

This invention has for its object to provide IO an improved machine for forming nails or rivets from a continuous length of wire.

The invention consists in the improved mechanism hereinafter described, whereby wire nails' or rivets of any desired size and length may be produced, having heads of any desired size, or nails may be produced Without heads, if preferred, all of which we will now proceed to describe and claim.

Of the accompanying drawings, forming a 2o part of this specification, Figure l represents a top view of our improved machine. Fig. lLL represents a partial top view, with parts of the mechanism removed. Fig. 2 represents a side elevation of the same. Fig. 3 represents alongitudinal section on line xx, Fig. l. Fig. 4 is a detail, partly in section, and Fig. -5 an elevation of one of the cutters.

The same letters of reference indicate the same parts in all the gures.

u represents the supporting frame or bed of thelmachine. I

b b represent the dies which grasp the nailwire while it is being headed. Thelower die, b', is secured to the bed in any suitable manner, preferably by means of a set-screw, c, passing through a raised portion or block, d, on the bed a, and bearing against one end of the die b', pressing the latter against a correspending raised portion or block, d', the lower 4o die being capable of adjustment on the bed, as hereinafter described. The upper die, b, restsloosely on the lower die, so that it exerts no pressure on the wire between'said dies excepting when pressed downwardly by a cam, e, arranged over it on a rock-shaft, f, Awhich is journaled in the blocks d d', andhas an arm or lever, g, one end of which is drawn upwardly by a spring, h, against a cam, t', on the driving-shaft j, hereinafter described. The 5o cam t' depresses the arm g, and thus causes the cam e to press the upper die downwardly once during-each rotation of the driving-shaft.

For rivet-making we prefer to form the lower die, b', with an upwardly-projecting fiange or shoulder, b3, at the side next to the cutters and header, hereinafter described, the wire passing through an orifice in said shoulder. The end of the wire is upset against the surface of the shoulder b3, which presents a c0ntinuous or uninterrupted surface entirely 6J around the orifice through which the wire passes, so that no fin will be produced on the back of the head. lf the head were formed against the surface of both dies, a part of the displaced metal would be forced into the crev- 5 5 ice at the meeting-point ofthe dies, and thus a iin would be-formed on the back of the rivet.

7c 7c represent the dies or cutters which sever the wire, (or, as we prefer, nearly sever it,) and form the usual beveled points of the nail. The 7o cutters k 7c are secured to slides Z l, which are fitted to slide in guides crosswise of the bed a. The slides `Z Z are reciprocated so as to alternately approach and recede from each other by levers m, pivoted at n to the bed a, and cams o on the drivingshaft j, the shorter arms of said levers being engaged with the slides Z, as shown in Fig. 1, while their longer arms have studs which engage with the cams o. The dies 7c 7c are preferably formed on the perime- 8c ters of circular plates p p, each plate having a series of half-dies, 7c, and being secured to the slide Z, which carries it, by means of a bolt, q, adapted to be rotated so as to bring either halldie thereon into position to eo-cperate 8 5 with the corresponding half-die on the other plate. This construction enables fresh dies to be readily brought into operative position, and saves time in adjusting or renewing the dies. We do not limit ourselves to this form, go however, as each slide may have a single halfdie, if preferred.

r represents the header, which upsets the end ofthe wire after the separation of a nail therefrom, and thus forms the head of the next nail. The header is a hammer attached toa slide, s, which is adapted to reciprocate in a longitudinal guide-groove in the bed a, and is reciprocated by means of the togglejoint links tt, a crank, u, on the driving-shaft, 10o

and a connecting-piece, o, pivoted to the mceting ends of the links t t, and the crank u. One of the links t is pivoted at w to the bed, and the other at z to the slide s, so that as the crank revolves it will alternately raise and depress the meeting ends of the links, and thus reciprocate the slide sand header o'.

The wire from which the nails are made is fed forward through the grasping dies by means of a feeding device composed of a reciprocating block, a', having an orifice for the passage ofthe wire, and a serrated dog or cam, c', pivoted to the block and pressed by a spring, e. against the wire, saidl dog being adapted to bite or grasp thewire when theblock a is moving toward the grasping-dies b band to slip on the wire when the block is moving in the opposite direction. The block a moves between guides ff affixed to the bed a, and is provided on its under side with rack-teeth g', which mesh with a rack-segment, h, on a rock-shaft, i', extending transversely of the bed a, and provided with a crank, Zc, at one end, the wrist-pin of which enters a slot, Z', .in one end of a connecting-rod, m. The oppositc end of said rod is secured to the ring or strap n? of an eccentric on the driving-shaft j. The eccentric, rod, and crank oscillate the shaft Z and its rack-segment, and thus reciprocate the block a', causing it to feed the wire intermittently.

The length of the feed movement may be regulated by means of an adjustable stop, n', in the slot Z of the connecting-rod, said stop being secured by aclamp, o', to the rod m, and adapted to be moved so as to either shorten or lengthen said slot, and thus cause it to give the 'crank k and rock-shaft Z more or less movement, as the case may be. The length of the nails produced is thus determined.

Between the feeding slide or block a and the graspingdies b b' is a tubular screw, b4, inserted in a tapped socket in a fixed boss on the bed a, and bearing at its inner end against the bottom die, b', said die having a rear shoulder or flange, b2, projecting above the meeting-point of the dies b b. The wire passes from the feeding-block through the tubular screw and through an orifice in the flange b2 to the dies ZJ b. When the set-screw c is loosened, the bottom die, Il, is not positively connected to the bed a, but is adapted to move thereon toward or from the cutting-dies k k. It will be seen, therefore, that by turning the tubular screw in its socket said screw may be caused to push the grasping-dies toward the cutting-dies, so as to shorten the metal left projecting from the grasping-dies after the severing of each nail, and thus decrease the size of the heads formed by the action of the header. If desired, the grasping-dies may be thus moved to the point where the wire is severed by the cutting-dies, so that no heads will be formed on the nails.

The time of the various operations of the machine is as follows: Suppose a nail to have been severed, and the cutting-dies to have separated,leaving a short end of wire project ing from the grasping-dies, the header now advances toward the grasping-dies, and the upper grasping-die is at the same time pressed downwardly by the cam c, so that the wire is rmly held while the header is upsetting the projecting end of the wire and forming the head. "While the wire is thus held the feed block moves backwardly and takes a new hold on the wire. The header now retires, cam@l revolves with shaft j, and allows spring h to draw up lever g, the cam e releases the upper grasping-jaw, and the feed-block moves forward, feeding the wire along. Next, the cutting-dies approach the wire, act on it, form the point of the nail last headed, and sever it, or, as we prefer, nearly sever it, from the wire, it being found advisable not to allow the cuttingdies to actually meet eachother on account of the mutual injury to their edges from such contact, hence they are caused to leave a thin neck connecting the nail with the wire. The cutters then separate, and the header again advances, the partially-severed nail being knocked off from the wire by a clearer, r, which strikes the nail before the header reaches it. Said clearer is preferably an elastic strip of metal secured at one end to the bed a, under the slide s, its other end being bent upwardly and projecting forward over the nail last formed. The advancing header strikes an incline on the clearer and depresses the end of it which projects over the nail, causing said end to detach the nail, the header then passing over the clearer and forming the next head as before. When the header retires, the clearer springs upwardly to its former position. The detached nails drop through an aperture in the bed into a receptacle below. y

It will be seen that this machine is simple in its construction, positive in its operation, and readily adjusted so as to produce nails or rivets of any desired length, and with heads of any desired size, or with no heads. All the motions are positive, and there are no actuating-springs to cause noise of operation and liability to derangement. The toggle-joint and crank mechanism whereby the header is operated enable the header to be forced forward with great power, while the levers m, having longer and shorter arms, the former engaged with the operating-cams, and the latter with the slides carrying the cutting-dies, enable said dies to act powerfully on the wire.

rIhe upper die, b, is not positively raised after being acted on by cam e, but bears on the wire lightly, its weight not being sufficient to interrupt the forward movement of the wire.

W'e claiml. rlhe cutting and pointing dies composed of the plates p p, each having multiple halfdies k, and each adapted to be rotated to bring either of its half-dies into operative position, combined with supporting-slides Z Z, and the mechanism for reciprocating said dies, as set forth.

2. The combination of the grasping-dies b IOO - b, t-he upper lresting loosely on the lower, the

header, of the clearer r,co1nposed of a spring- 15 cam e, located over the upper grasping-Me, plate adapted to project normally over the and the mechanislnfor oscillating said cam completed nail and to be rdepressed by the and thereby causing it to alternately press and forward movement of the header, as set forth. release the die b, as set forth. In testimony whereof We have signed our i 3. The combination, with the header and names to this specification, in the presence of V2o the cutting dies, of grasping-dies b b, thelat tWo subscribing witnesses, this 25th day of ter having a flange, b3, which projects in front February, 1884. of jaw b, provided With an orice for the passage of the wire, and presenting a seamless surface surrounding said orifice, Wherby formation of afm on the back of the rivet or nail head is prevented.

4. The combination, with the reciprocating Witnesses:

HENRY W. LoRING, GEORGE E. BENSON.

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