US3136634A - Noble metal alloys having a high specific electric resistance - Google Patents

Noble metal alloys having a high specific electric resistance Download PDF

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Publication number
US3136634A
US3136634A US254865A US25486563A US3136634A US 3136634 A US3136634 A US 3136634A US 254865 A US254865 A US 254865A US 25486563 A US25486563 A US 25486563A US 3136634 A US3136634 A US 3136634A
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Prior art keywords
alloys
weight
electric resistance
resistance
specific electric
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Expired - Lifetime
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US254865A
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English (en)
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Zwingmann Gerhard
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Evonik Operations GmbH
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Degussa GmbH
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01C—RESISTORS
    • H01C7/00—Non-adjustable resistors formed as one or more layers or coatings; Non-adjustable resistors made from powdered conducting material or powdered semi-conducting material with or without insulating material
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C5/00—Alloys based on noble metals
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B1/00—Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors
    • H01B1/02—Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors mainly consisting of metals or alloys
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01C—RESISTORS
    • H01C3/00—Non-adjustable metal resistors made of wire or ribbon, e.g. coiled, woven or formed as grids
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01C—RESISTORS
    • H01C7/00—Non-adjustable resistors formed as one or more layers or coatings; Non-adjustable resistors made from powdered conducting material or powdered semi-conducting material with or without insulating material
    • H01C7/04—Non-adjustable resistors formed as one or more layers or coatings; Non-adjustable resistors made from powdered conducting material or powdered semi-conducting material with or without insulating material having negative temperature coefficient

Definitions

  • alloys which have as high a specific electrical resistance as possible.
  • such alloys should also exhibit other desirable properties, such as, low temperature coeflicients for the specific electric resistance, high resistance to abrasion, low thermoelectric potential against copper, corrosion resistance, constant resistance under long periods of operation, as well as a low and constant transfer resistance.
  • alloys consisting only of noble metals consisting only of noble metals.
  • base metal free alloy which has a specific electrical resistance greater than about 50 t2-cm.
  • base metals were alloyed therewith.
  • a number of alloys of this type are already known which in addition to one or more noble metals, such as, platinum, gold, palladium and the like, contain most varied additions of base metals, for example, Pd/W, Pd/Mo, Pt/Cu/Ni, Pd/V, Pd/Ti and like alloys, have been described for this purpose.
  • alloys of the three component system Au/Pd/Fe have also become known, particularly because after a special heat treatment some of them achieve very high specific resistance values. Such alloys, however, without such heat treatment exhibit only relatively low specific resistances between about 40 and 80 ,atl-cm.
  • the special heat treatment consists in that after soft annealing at 750 C. they are tempered at temperatures be tween 300 and 600 C. for up to 24 hours.
  • the highest specific resistance which can be achieved with such special heat treatment is 191 SZ-cm. and is achieved with a 49.5% Au/40.5% Pd/10% Fe alloy.
  • the numerical percentages given herein and in the following are by weight.
  • alloys with 18 to 75% Au, 75 to 20% Pd, 2 to 15% Fe and 0.4 to 5% Al, B, Ga or In possess the desired high specific resistance and therefore are suited for use in resistance wires, for example, for potentiometers.
  • the alloys according to the invention differentiate from the known Au/Pd/Fe alloys primarily in that they contain small quantities of Al, B, Ga or In, such as, for example, 0.4
  • a further advantage of the alloys according to the invention resides in that specific electrical resistances can be achieved therein which are even higher than those attained in the Au/Pd/Fe alloys in the tempered state.
  • the highest specific electric resistance found in an alloy according to the invention is 230 ,uQ-cm. with an alloy the cheaper palladium and that the specific weight of thealloy is less so that a larger quantity of wire can be produced per unit of weight.
  • the alloys exhibit their maximum resistance in soft annealed form rather than in wrought form. They therefore exhibit exceptional constance of resistance over long periods of use and even on warming over the normal temperatures of use.
  • FIG. 1 shows a diagram of Au/Pd/Fe/Al alloys con taining 1% of A1 and demarks such alloys according to the invention containing 18-75% of Au, 20% of Pd, 215% of Fe and 1% Al and in addition gives the lines of equal specific electric resistance;
  • FIG. 2 shows a diagram of Au/Pd/Fe alloys and gives the lines of equal specific electric resistance of such a1- loys without an addition of Al and without tempering;
  • FIG. 3 shows a diagram of Au/Pd/Fe/Al alloys containing 1% of Al, the hatched area being the range in 1 which the thermoelectric potential against copper is zero or only Weakly negative or positive.
  • Table 1 gives several examples of the specific electric resistances of the alloys according to the invention containing additions of Al, Ga and In:
  • the alloys according to the invention consist 0f 1870% of Au, 7023% of Pd, 411.5% of Fe and 04-12% of Al or 0.43% of Ga or 15% of In. Also, preferably the sum of the Fe and Al, B, Ga or In contents is at least 5% and not more than one quarter of the Pd content in percent by Weight.
  • All of the metal additions employed according to the invention are elements of Group III of the periodic system.
  • the average temperature coefiicient of the specific electric resistance of the alloys according to the invention between 0 C. and 100 C. in general is very near to zero or it is even negative.
  • the maximum negative value found was 0.265 10- C.
  • alloys within the range according to the invention which still have a specific electric resistance around 100 il-cm. and have temperature coefiicients of over +4-10 C. in view of ferromagnetic influences.
  • thermoelectric potential of the alloys according to the invention against copper runs with increasing Fe content from negative values through zero, weakly positive values and then again to negative values.
  • the hatched area shown in FIG. 3 is the range in alloys according to the invention containing Al in which the thermoelectric potential against copper is zero or only weakly negative or positive. Similar groups of curves are also obtained with the other metal additions according to the invention.
  • An alloy consisting essentially of 18 to 75% by weight of Au, 75 to 20% by weight of Pd, 2 to 15% by Weight of Fe and 0.4 to 5% by weight of at least one component selected from the group consisting of Al, Ga, In and B.
  • An alloy consisting essentially of 18 to 70% by weight of An, 70 to 23% by weight of Pd, 4 to 11.5% by weight of Fe and 0.4 to 1.2% by weight of Al.
  • An alloy consisting essentially of about 38% by weight of Au, about by Weight of Pd, about 11% by weight of Fe and about 1% by weight of Al.
  • An alloy consisting essentially of 18 to by weight of Au, 70 to 23% by weight of Pd, 4 to 11.5% by weight of Fe and 0.4 to 3% by weight of Ga.
  • An alloy consisting essentially of 18 to 70% by weight of Au, 70 to 23% by weight of Pd, 4 to 11.5% by weight of Fe and 1 to 5% by weight of In.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Conductive Materials (AREA)
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US254865A 1962-02-02 1963-01-30 Noble metal alloys having a high specific electric resistance Expired - Lifetime US3136634A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DED38054A DE1236207B (de) 1962-02-02 1962-02-02 Edelmetall-Legierung auf Gold-Palladium-Basis mit hohem spezifischem elektrischem Widerstand

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US3136634A true US3136634A (en) 1964-06-09

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US (1) US3136634A (de)
DE (1) DE1236207B (de)
FR (1) FR1346215A (de)
GB (1) GB1005292A (de)

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3819366A (en) * 1969-03-21 1974-06-25 Aurium Res Corp Dental alloy
US4014690A (en) * 1976-05-14 1977-03-29 Howmedica, Inc. Gold-colored alloy solders
US4539176A (en) * 1984-05-04 1985-09-03 Pennwalt Corporation Low gold dental alloys
US5051235A (en) * 1987-06-26 1991-09-24 Comptoir Lyon-Alemand-Louyot, Societe Anonyme Novel palladium-based alloys containing indium bismuth, silver and copper
US5849113A (en) * 1996-09-27 1998-12-15 The Foundation: The Research Institute Of Electric And Magnetic Alloys Electrical resistant alloy having a high temperature coefficient of resistance
US6156266A (en) * 2000-01-07 2000-12-05 Argen Corporation Gold alloy for firing on porcelain
US20090117447A1 (en) * 2005-10-07 2009-05-07 Iiika Technologies Ltd. Palladium alloy catalysts for fuel cell cathodes
CN110578068A (zh) * 2019-07-24 2019-12-17 焦作大学 一种精密电阻用贵金属合金线及其制造方法

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2780543A (en) * 1955-05-17 1957-02-05 Baker & Co Inc High resistivity alloy
US3068127A (en) * 1959-06-02 1962-12-11 Siemens Ag Method of producing a highly doped p-type zone and an appertaining contact on a semiconductor crystal

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB254666A (en) * 1925-04-14 1926-07-08 Michael George Korsunsky Improved manufacture of alloys of platinum or palladium
FR606274A (fr) * 1925-06-15 1926-06-10 Procédé pour la fabrication d'alliages de cuivre, or, platine, palladium ou argentet produits obtenus par la mise en oeuvre de ce procédé
DE1121339B (de) * 1957-07-12 1962-01-04 Degussa Verformbare Goldlegierungen fuer elektrische Leiter mit hohem spezifischem Widerstand
GB861646A (en) * 1958-08-06 1961-02-22 Johnson Matthey Co Ltd An improved electrical resistance alloy

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2780543A (en) * 1955-05-17 1957-02-05 Baker & Co Inc High resistivity alloy
US3068127A (en) * 1959-06-02 1962-12-11 Siemens Ag Method of producing a highly doped p-type zone and an appertaining contact on a semiconductor crystal

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3819366A (en) * 1969-03-21 1974-06-25 Aurium Res Corp Dental alloy
US4014690A (en) * 1976-05-14 1977-03-29 Howmedica, Inc. Gold-colored alloy solders
US4539176A (en) * 1984-05-04 1985-09-03 Pennwalt Corporation Low gold dental alloys
US5051235A (en) * 1987-06-26 1991-09-24 Comptoir Lyon-Alemand-Louyot, Societe Anonyme Novel palladium-based alloys containing indium bismuth, silver and copper
US5849113A (en) * 1996-09-27 1998-12-15 The Foundation: The Research Institute Of Electric And Magnetic Alloys Electrical resistant alloy having a high temperature coefficient of resistance
US6156266A (en) * 2000-01-07 2000-12-05 Argen Corporation Gold alloy for firing on porcelain
US20090117447A1 (en) * 2005-10-07 2009-05-07 Iiika Technologies Ltd. Palladium alloy catalysts for fuel cell cathodes
US8334081B2 (en) * 2005-10-07 2012-12-18 Ilika Technologies Ltd. Metal alloy catalysts for fuel cell cathodes
CN110578068A (zh) * 2019-07-24 2019-12-17 焦作大学 一种精密电阻用贵金属合金线及其制造方法

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE1236207B (de) 1967-03-09
FR1346215A (fr) 1963-12-13
GB1005292A (en) 1965-09-22

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