US3135811A - Process and apparatus for uniformly cooling melt-spun filaments - Google Patents

Process and apparatus for uniformly cooling melt-spun filaments Download PDF

Info

Publication number
US3135811A
US3135811A US152089A US15208961A US3135811A US 3135811 A US3135811 A US 3135811A US 152089 A US152089 A US 152089A US 15208961 A US15208961 A US 15208961A US 3135811 A US3135811 A US 3135811A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
filaments
spinneret
radial
quench
gas
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US152089A
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Barnett Thomas Rosslyn
Warner Harold Edward
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Imperial Chemical Industries Ltd
Original Assignee
Imperial Chemical Industries Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Imperial Chemical Industries Ltd filed Critical Imperial Chemical Industries Ltd
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3135811A publication Critical patent/US3135811A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
    • D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
    • D01D5/08—Melt spinning methods
    • D01D5/088—Cooling filaments, threads or the like, leaving the spinnerettes
    • D01D5/092—Cooling filaments, threads or the like, leaving the spinnerettes in shafts or chimneys
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
    • D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
    • D01D5/08—Melt spinning methods
    • D01D5/088—Cooling filaments, threads or the like, leaving the spinnerettes

Definitions

  • Known forms of quench include liquid baths or jets and flowing gases.
  • An example of a gas flow quench is disclosed in British Patent 533,304 in which is claimed a process for the spinning of molten organic filamentforming compositions which comprises passing a cooling medium with a substantially straight line flow across the spun structure while the latter is being transformed from the molten to the solid state.
  • the preferred cooling medium is a stream of air.
  • FIGURE 1 is a schematic elevational view of a meltspinning system including an apparatus for directing a radial stream of quenching fluid past the melt-spun filaments;
  • FIGURE 2 is a longitudinal sectional view, on an enlarged scale, of the quenching apparatus of FIGURE 1;
  • FIGURE 3 is a bottom view of the apparatus of FIG- URE 2.
  • FIGURE 4 is a view, partly in section, taken on the line 44 of FIGURE 1.
  • our invention includes the case where the filaments emanate from a multiplicity of spinnerets, for example two spinnerets, fitted into a single pack, each providing a number of holes arranged in crescent or semi-circular formation(s) so that the eventual disposition of the filaments approximates to a cylinder or concentric cylinders within which the quench device is located.
  • the preferred cooling gas is air at ordinary temperatures.
  • One important advantage is that the mean distance between the filaments tends to increase as a result of the radial air flow, whereas in the case of a uni-directional air stream there is often a tendency for filaments to be blown into one another.
  • the air flow from a conventional cross flow unit applies a side thrust to the filaments and this is a useful property since it reduces filament vibration which is likely to cause coalescence and denier variability.
  • this thrust is not constant, the radial air velocity being inversely proportional to the radius.
  • the drag force exerted on the filament is approximately proportional to (velocity)
  • the thrust varies as 1/ (radius) and the system is highly damped. This is an important advantage of this flow system and enables filament vibration to be reduced to very low levels.
  • a further advantage resulting from the use of the radial outflow method of cooling is that a more uniform treatment of the individual filaments is obtained.
  • a large number of holes can be accommodated, e.g. in concentric circles, around the cooling device and suitably staggered so that each filament receives a fresh supply of cooling gas and the gas reaching the remote filaments has not been appreciably deflected by the preceding ones.
  • cylinder lengths between three and twenty inches, preferably between six and ten inches, are suitable for our purpose.
  • the length of quench required increases with spun filament denier and the number of filaments being cooled.
  • a longer quench unit preferably of at least 10 inches, is desirable.
  • the distance from the spinneret at which quench begins is important in that cooling must be sufliciently rapid to prevent coalescence and to ensure shape Good results are obtained with a vertical cylindrical device when the cooling air first strikes the filaments at a distance of /2 to 2 /2 from the spinneret.
  • the rate of gas flow required is dependent on several factors such as number of filaments, filament denier, rate of extrusion and angle of the gas flow to the filaments.
  • a mean velocity at the filaments between 25 and 200' feet per minute has proved satisfactory.
  • a melt spinning apparatus of the type comprising a means'foi' forwarding polymer to a melt- 5 ing zone, a pump or, pumps for forwarding said molten polymer to a, filter and multihole spinneret or spinnerets and a quench source, positioned centrally below the spinneret'or spinnerets to provide a uniform stream of gas around the filaments characterised in that the quenching means comprises. a hollow porous container into which a gas is introduced under pressure.
  • FIGURE 1 there is shown schematically a melt-spinning system which includes a polymer forwarding means 10,
  • a quenching apparatus 20, constructed in ac- 'cordance with the principles of' the present invention, and receiving a stream of air through a pipe 21 is disposed below the spinneret 16 at the center of a pattern of extrusion orifices 17.
  • the quenching apparatus 20 includes a vertical cylinder 22 of sintered bronze sealed at thetop end with a closure fitting 24 and provided with an inlet fitting 26 at the bottom.
  • a solid cone-shaped rod 28, with its convergent end at the bottom extends axially along the whole length of the cylinder 22 and is secured at its ends to the fittings 24an'd 26.
  • the cylinder 22 is disposed along the axis of the spinneret16 so that all the fila- 30 ments emerging from the orifices'17 will be swept with a radial flow of cooling air.
  • the construction of our quench is not restricted to sintered bronze; other porous materials 'may be used, for example, porous earthenware or perforated metal sheets or tubes.
  • the cone-shaped inner member may also take other forms such as a plurality of steel mesh disks mounted on an axial rod at substantially equal intervals, the disks increasing in diameter away from the inlet fittings of the porous cylinder.
  • the container com- 40 -an air entry at the other.
  • a prising the quench need not be strictly of cylindrical section but'may for example be in the shape of a cone.
  • the process of our invention has proved of considerable value in spinning synthetic polymers including polyesters, copolyesters, polyamides, copolyamides, polyolefines and copolyolefines,
  • the adoption of the radial outflow quench technique has greatly facilitated the spinning of materials having low melt viscosity such as high melting copolyesters of .terephthalic acid of intrinsic viscosity 05 which yield filaments and fibres having useful nonepilling properties and enhanced dye-,atfinity.
  • radial outflow quench has enabled the production of filaments of low denier which could otherwise not have been spun successfully because'of. coalescence and variations'in filament denier.
  • the radial outflow quench devicein the tabulated ex periments comprised a cylinder made of porous sinteredbronze about .1 in diameter closed at one end and having The cylinder was placed in a vertical position in the centre of the filament array. at the desired distance below the spinneret or spinnerets. A cylinder of length 10" was used in all experimentsexcept numbers 4, 5, 6 and 9 Where the length was 6". i
  • terephthalate' dia centric circles, outflow 10%; (intrinsic vismean diameter Cross flow. 1 60 65 20%. cosity 0.67). 4.0. 21%. 2 do 336 do Equally in 3 eon- 1,800 10 Radial 1 40 8%.
  • Shape factor Denier C V 6 Table-Continued Spinneret Quench Denier Wind-up per Dis- Air Mean air No. Polymer speed fllatance flow velocity Yarn properties No. 0! Hole shape and Hole arrangement (it/min.) ment Type from rate, at filaholes size spincu. ft./ ments, neret, min. ItJmin.
  • the quench distances from spinneret quoted are those distances below the spinneret at which air first came into contact with the filaments.
  • the air flow rate is the total volume of gas per unit of time passing through the quench device.
  • Coeflicients of variation are percentage estimates of the average range of denier and shape factor respectively.
  • melt index of isotactic polypropylene is the amount in grams extruded in 10 minutes at 0. through orifice 0.08 25" in diameter and 0.316 long under a load oi 10 kgrn.
  • a melt-spinning process wherein the cooling gas is distributed with a mean velocity of 25-200 feet per minute from a hollow porous cylinder closed at one end and having an inlet for the cooling gas at the other end.
  • a melt-spinning head having means defining a plurality of downwardly facing spinning orifices, said orifices 50 being disposed in a generally circular pattern; a vertically 55 cylinder being sealed at the top and provided with a gas inlet at the bottom; a tapered solid cone within said cylinder and extending along a substantial length thereof, said cone increasing in diameter away from the gas inlet; and means for delivering cooling gas to the gas inlet.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Spinning Methods And Devices For Manufacturing Artificial Fibers (AREA)
US152089A 1960-11-18 1961-11-13 Process and apparatus for uniformly cooling melt-spun filaments Expired - Lifetime US3135811A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB39694/60A GB938056A (en) 1960-11-18 1960-11-18 Melt spinning

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3135811A true US3135811A (en) 1964-06-02

Family

ID=10410962

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US152089A Expired - Lifetime US3135811A (en) 1960-11-18 1961-11-13 Process and apparatus for uniformly cooling melt-spun filaments

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US3135811A (es)
DE (1) DE1278684B (es)
ES (1) ES272106A1 (es)
FR (1) FR1313873A (es)
GB (1) GB938056A (es)
NL (1) NL271547A (es)

Cited By (20)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3270106A (en) * 1966-08-30 Process for the production of a rod- form solid from molten low molecu- lar weight rigid materials
US3320343A (en) * 1962-08-23 1967-05-16 Schwarza Chemiefaser Process for melt-spinning of synthetic linear high polymers
US3969462A (en) * 1971-07-06 1976-07-13 Fiber Industries, Inc. Polyester yarn production
US4038357A (en) * 1972-06-28 1977-07-26 Imperial Chemical Industries Inc. Manufacture of synthetic filaments
US4248581A (en) * 1979-09-05 1981-02-03 Allied Chemical Corporation Spinnerette
US4259048A (en) * 1978-05-24 1981-03-31 Mario Miani Extrusion head for producing synthetic and the like textile yarns
US4285646A (en) * 1980-05-13 1981-08-25 Fiber Industries, Inc. Apparatus for quenching melt-spun filaments
US4288207A (en) * 1980-06-30 1981-09-08 Fiber Industries, Inc. Apparatus for producing melt-spun filaments
US4332764A (en) * 1980-10-21 1982-06-01 Fiber Industries, Inc. Methods for producing melt-spun filaments
US4804511A (en) * 1984-07-03 1989-02-14 Bayer Aktiengesellschaft Process for dry spinning yarns of improved uniformity and reduced adhesion
EP0349889A2 (de) * 1988-07-04 1990-01-10 Hoechst Aktiengesellschaft Spinnverfahren und Vorrichtung zur Durchführung desselben
US4988270A (en) * 1985-09-18 1991-01-29 Ems-Inventa Ag Apparatus for cooling and conditioning melt-spun material
US4990297A (en) * 1987-03-05 1991-02-05 Ems-Inventa Ag Apparatus and method for cooling and conditioning melt-spun material
US5178814A (en) * 1991-08-09 1993-01-12 The Bouligny Company Quenching method and apparatus
US5328493A (en) * 1991-03-19 1994-07-12 Vetrotex France Apparatus for manufacturing a glass and organic composite strand, including a blowing device
US5370833A (en) * 1992-07-25 1994-12-06 Hoechst Aktiengesellschaft Process of making fibers which give off troublesome gases and/or vapors during spinning
EP1491663A1 (en) * 2003-06-23 2004-12-29 Nan Ya Plastics Corporation Manufacturing method of polyester fine denier multifilament and polyester fine denier multifilament yarns
US20080012170A1 (en) * 2006-07-14 2008-01-17 General Electric Company Process for making a high heat polymer fiber
US20100048853A1 (en) * 2006-07-10 2010-02-25 Sabic Innovative Plastics, Ip B.V. Polyetherimide polymer for use as a high heat fiber material
WO2014118080A1 (en) * 2013-02-04 2014-08-07 Nv Bekaert Sa Quench tube for polymer fiber extrusion

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4514350A (en) 1982-09-23 1985-04-30 Celanese Corporation Method for melt spinning polyester filaments
CH678433A5 (es) * 1989-01-30 1991-09-13 Schweizerische Viscose
US6117379A (en) * 1998-07-29 2000-09-12 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Method and apparatus for improved quenching of nonwoven filaments

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2730758A (en) * 1954-07-21 1956-01-17 Firestone Tire & Rubber Co Method and apparatus for the production of crimped filaments
CA572083A (en) * 1959-03-10 H. Speakman Raymond Crimpable filaments by unsymmetrical hot quenching in melt-spinning process

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
NL53431C (es) * 1938-08-09

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CA572083A (en) * 1959-03-10 H. Speakman Raymond Crimpable filaments by unsymmetrical hot quenching in melt-spinning process
US2730758A (en) * 1954-07-21 1956-01-17 Firestone Tire & Rubber Co Method and apparatus for the production of crimped filaments

Cited By (25)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3270106A (en) * 1966-08-30 Process for the production of a rod- form solid from molten low molecu- lar weight rigid materials
US3320343A (en) * 1962-08-23 1967-05-16 Schwarza Chemiefaser Process for melt-spinning of synthetic linear high polymers
US3969462A (en) * 1971-07-06 1976-07-13 Fiber Industries, Inc. Polyester yarn production
US4038357A (en) * 1972-06-28 1977-07-26 Imperial Chemical Industries Inc. Manufacture of synthetic filaments
US4259048A (en) * 1978-05-24 1981-03-31 Mario Miani Extrusion head for producing synthetic and the like textile yarns
US4248581A (en) * 1979-09-05 1981-02-03 Allied Chemical Corporation Spinnerette
US4285646A (en) * 1980-05-13 1981-08-25 Fiber Industries, Inc. Apparatus for quenching melt-spun filaments
US4288207A (en) * 1980-06-30 1981-09-08 Fiber Industries, Inc. Apparatus for producing melt-spun filaments
US4332764A (en) * 1980-10-21 1982-06-01 Fiber Industries, Inc. Methods for producing melt-spun filaments
US4804511A (en) * 1984-07-03 1989-02-14 Bayer Aktiengesellschaft Process for dry spinning yarns of improved uniformity and reduced adhesion
US4988270A (en) * 1985-09-18 1991-01-29 Ems-Inventa Ag Apparatus for cooling and conditioning melt-spun material
US4990297A (en) * 1987-03-05 1991-02-05 Ems-Inventa Ag Apparatus and method for cooling and conditioning melt-spun material
EP0349889A3 (en) * 1988-07-04 1990-09-05 Hoechst Aktiengesellschaft Spinning process and apparatus
EP0349889A2 (de) * 1988-07-04 1990-01-10 Hoechst Aktiengesellschaft Spinnverfahren und Vorrichtung zur Durchführung desselben
US5328493A (en) * 1991-03-19 1994-07-12 Vetrotex France Apparatus for manufacturing a glass and organic composite strand, including a blowing device
US5178814A (en) * 1991-08-09 1993-01-12 The Bouligny Company Quenching method and apparatus
US5370833A (en) * 1992-07-25 1994-12-06 Hoechst Aktiengesellschaft Process of making fibers which give off troublesome gases and/or vapors during spinning
EP1491663A1 (en) * 2003-06-23 2004-12-29 Nan Ya Plastics Corporation Manufacturing method of polyester fine denier multifilament and polyester fine denier multifilament yarns
US20100048853A1 (en) * 2006-07-10 2010-02-25 Sabic Innovative Plastics, Ip B.V. Polyetherimide polymer for use as a high heat fiber material
US8940209B2 (en) 2006-07-10 2015-01-27 Sabic Global Technologies B.V. Polyetherimide polymer for use as a high heat fiber material
US20080012170A1 (en) * 2006-07-14 2008-01-17 General Electric Company Process for making a high heat polymer fiber
US9416465B2 (en) * 2006-07-14 2016-08-16 Sabic Global Technologies B.V. Process for making a high heat polymer fiber
WO2014118080A1 (en) * 2013-02-04 2014-08-07 Nv Bekaert Sa Quench tube for polymer fiber extrusion
CN104919096A (zh) * 2013-02-04 2015-09-16 贝卡尔特公司 用于聚合物纤维挤出的冷却管
CN104919096B (zh) * 2013-02-04 2017-04-26 贝卡尔特公司 用于聚合物纤维挤出的冷却管

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB938056A (en) 1963-09-25
FR1313873A (fr) 1963-01-04
ES272106A1 (es) 1962-06-01
NL271547A (es)
DE1278684B (de) 1968-09-26

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US3135811A (en) Process and apparatus for uniformly cooling melt-spun filaments
US3118012A (en) Melt spinning process
US3067458A (en) Melt spinning apparatus and process
US2273105A (en) Method and apparatus for the production of artificial structures
CA1290120C (en) Low crystallinity polyester yarn produced at ultra high spinning speeds
US3299469A (en) Melt-spinning apparatus
US3716317A (en) Pack for spinning heterofilament fibers
US4712988A (en) Apparatus for quenching melt sprun filaments
US3493459A (en) Complex multilobal textile filament
US3705227A (en) Process and apparatus for quenching melt spun filaments
KR100431679B1 (ko) 고강도 아라미드 섬유의 제조 방법
US2954271A (en) Process for producing shaped articles using sonic vibrations to enhance solidification
CN1056203C (zh) 复丝纱熔融纺丝设备
US6705852B2 (en) Melt spinning apparatus
WO1998018984A9 (en) Process for making high tenacity aramid fibers
US3061874A (en) Melt spinning apparatus
GB936729A (en) Improvements in melt spinning synthetic polymers
US3415922A (en) Mist spinning
US3465618A (en) Method of manufacturing a meltspinning spinneret
US3067459A (en) Quenching chamber
US3115385A (en) Quenching process
US3492691A (en) Spinning of fibres
NL7906954A (nl) Dunwandige holle draad uit een door smeltspinnen te vervaardigen polymeer, alsmede werkwijze voor het vervaardigen daarvan.
US3213171A (en) Process of producing spontaneously crimpable filaments from asymmetrically quenched and drawn fiber-forming polymers
US3640670A (en) Spinnerette for extruding t-shaped filaments