US3133020A - Extreme pressure lubricants - Google Patents

Extreme pressure lubricants Download PDF

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Publication number
US3133020A
US3133020A US70444A US7044460A US3133020A US 3133020 A US3133020 A US 3133020A US 70444 A US70444 A US 70444A US 7044460 A US7044460 A US 7044460A US 3133020 A US3133020 A US 3133020A
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United States
Prior art keywords
percent
lithium
extreme pressure
greases
grease
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Expired - Lifetime
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US70444A
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English (en)
Inventor
William P Scott
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
ConocoPhillips Co
Original Assignee
Continental Oil Co
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Publication date
Priority to BE621872D priority Critical patent/BE621872A/xx
Priority to NL271605D priority patent/NL271605A/xx
Application filed by Continental Oil Co filed Critical Continental Oil Co
Priority to US70444A priority patent/US3133020A/en
Priority to GB38258/61A priority patent/GB949254A/en
Priority to FR878496A priority patent/FR1305161A/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3133020A publication Critical patent/US3133020A/en
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    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M141/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being a mixture of two or more compounds covered by more than one of the main groups C10M125/00 - C10M139/00, each of these compounds being essential
    • C10M141/08—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being a mixture of two or more compounds covered by more than one of the main groups C10M125/00 - C10M139/00, each of these compounds being essential at least one of them being an organic sulfur-, selenium- or tellurium-containing compound
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    • C10M101/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a mineral or fatty oil
    • C10M101/02—Petroleum fractions
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    • C10M117/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the thickener being a non-macromolecular carboxylic acid or salt thereof
    • C10M117/02—Lubricating compositions characterised by the thickener being a non-macromolecular carboxylic acid or salt thereof having only one carboxyl group bound to an acyclic carbon atom, cycloaliphatic carbon atom or hydrogen
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    • C10M117/02—Lubricating compositions characterised by the thickener being a non-macromolecular carboxylic acid or salt thereof having only one carboxyl group bound to an acyclic carbon atom, cycloaliphatic carbon atom or hydrogen
    • C10M117/04—Lubricating compositions characterised by the thickener being a non-macromolecular carboxylic acid or salt thereof having only one carboxyl group bound to an acyclic carbon atom, cycloaliphatic carbon atom or hydrogen containing hydroxy groups
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    • C10M129/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing oxygen
    • C10M129/02—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing oxygen having a carbon chain of less than 30 atoms
    • C10M129/04—Hydroxy compounds
    • C10M129/06—Hydroxy compounds having hydroxy groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
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    • C10M135/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium
    • C10M135/12—Thio-acids; Thiocyanates; Derivatives thereof
    • C10M135/14—Thio-acids; Thiocyanates; Derivatives thereof having a carbon-to-sulfur double bond
    • C10M135/18—Thio-acids; Thiocyanates; Derivatives thereof having a carbon-to-sulfur double bond thiocarbamic type, e.g. containing the groups
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    • C10M145/24—Polyethers
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    • C10M2203/10—Petroleum or coal fractions, e.g. tars, solvents, bitumen
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    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2219/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2219/06—Thio-acids; Thiocyanates; Derivatives thereof
    • C10M2219/062—Thio-acids; Thiocyanates; Derivatives thereof having carbon-to-sulfur double bonds
    • C10M2219/066—Thiocarbamic type compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2219/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2219/06—Thio-acids; Thiocyanates; Derivatives thereof
    • C10M2219/062—Thio-acids; Thiocyanates; Derivatives thereof having carbon-to-sulfur double bonds
    • C10M2219/066—Thiocarbamic type compounds
    • C10M2219/068—Thiocarbamate metal salts
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2219/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2219/08—Thiols; Sulfides; Polysulfides; Mercaptals
    • C10M2219/082—Thiols; Sulfides; Polysulfides; Mercaptals containing sulfur atoms bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2010/00—Metal present as such or in compounds
    • C10N2010/02—Groups 1 or 11
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2010/00—Metal present as such or in compounds
    • C10N2010/04—Groups 2 or 12
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2010/00—Metal present as such or in compounds
    • C10N2010/06—Groups 3 or 13
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2010/00—Metal present as such or in compounds
    • C10N2010/08—Groups 4 or 14
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2010/00—Metal present as such or in compounds
    • C10N2010/12—Groups 6 or 16
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2010/00—Metal present as such or in compounds
    • C10N2010/14—Group 7
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2010/00—Metal present as such or in compounds
    • C10N2010/16—Groups 8, 9, or 10
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/02—Bearings

Definitions

  • E.P. extreme pressure
  • Langner US. Patent No. 2,785,130, discloses extreme pressure lubricants comprising lubricating oils containing a lead soap, polyhydric alcohol, and extreme pressure agent selected from halogenated an sulfohalogenated organic compounds. It is taught in this patent that it is essential to provide an extreme pressure agent containing a portion of a halogenated or sulfo-halogenated organic compound; thus the patentee in this instance derives at extreme pressure properties through the combined use of lead, alcohol, active halogen, and in some instances active sulfur. The patentee further teaches that extreme pressure properties are reduced by use of the alcohol in the absence of active halogen.
  • Still another object of this invention is to provide improved lithium soap greases containing small amounts of an aliphatic polyhydric alcohol and a metal organodithiocarbamate.
  • Yet another object of this invention is to provide improved lubricating oils having high E.P. properties and containing small amounts of an aliphatic polyhydric alcohol and a metal organodithiocarbamate.
  • lithium base lubricating greases comprising a mineral lubricating oil thickened with a lithium soap and having incorporated therein an aliphatic polyhydric alcohol and a metal organodithiocarbamate.
  • the invention is directed to lubricating oils containing an aliphatic polyhydric alcohol and a metal organodithiocarbamate.
  • the mineral lubricating oils which are employed in the compositions of this invention can be derived from naphthene or paratfin base crude and can be either residual or distillate oil or a mixture thereof, depending on the particular grease or lubricant which is being prepared.
  • a blend of a residual oil with a distillate oil has been found particularly suitable in meeting the viscosity requirements for the various grades.
  • the lithium base lubricating greases which are well 3,133,028 Patented May 12, 1964 known in the art, comprise a dispersion of a lithium soap in a mineral oil. Usually, a calculated amount of soap, between about 5 percent and about 25 percent or higher by weight, is dispersed in the mineral oil base followed by heating at an elevated temperature, for example, from about 350 to about 450 F. until the mixture thickens. Subsequently the hot grease is cooled to provide the final product. Mixing or milling can be provided as desired during any of the preparation steps.
  • Various soaps or admixtures of soaps can be employed in the lithium base greases; however, preferably, the soaps are hydroxy fatty acid soaps of lithium.
  • a particularly desirable grease is obtained through the employment of soaps derived from mixtures of a hydroxy fatty acid and a hydrogenated fatty material, for example, hydrogenated fish oil, castor oil, and the like. Further details concerning the latter greases and their method of preparation are set forth in US. Patent 2,475,589.
  • polyhydric alcohol and metal organodithiocarbamate which are added to the lubricants of this invention can be incorporated in the grease at any stage in its preparation; however, preferably, these materials are added during the final steps of preparation.
  • Any of the aliphatic polyhydric alcohols can be employed in the lubricating compositions, including alcohols containing 2,
  • R and R represent hydrogen or organic groupings similar or dissimilar in nature, and present in the molecule so that the sum R +R contains at least eight carbon atoms in alkyl groups, and the structural relationship indicated by the relative positions and linkages of the respective atoms in the formula.
  • the organic groupings represented by R and R can be alkyl, aryl, alkylaryl, mixture of alkyl and aryl, cycloalkyl and heterocyclic groupings. These groupings can contain inorganic substituents, such as sulfur, oxygen, phosphorus and nitrogen, when special properties are sought.
  • R and R groups when wholly organic, contain a total of at least 8 carbon atoms in alkyl groups.
  • Considerable improvement in this regard is effected by increasing the number of carbon atoms in alkyl groups to 10, 12, and 16, preferably.
  • the preferred dithiocarbamates are those in which the organo groups are alkyl groups and particularly the lead .dialkyldithiocarbamates, for example, lead diamyldithioferred as stated previously.
  • the polyhydric alcohol and the metal organodithiocarbamate provide improvement in ER properties, these materials are ordinarily employed within certain percentage ranges, namely, from about 0.1 to about 5.0 percent by weight of the alcohol based on the grease and preferably from about 0.3 to about 1 percent; and from about 0.4 to about percent of the metal organodithiocarbamate based on the grease and preferably from about 1.0 to about 4 percent.
  • the compositions can also contain small amounts of the conventional additives which are incorporaterl for specific purposes, including anticorrosive agents, pour depressants, viscosity improvers, oxidation inhibitors, dyes, and the like.
  • the combination of the polyhydric alcohol and metal organodithiocarbamate is found to give substantial improvements in the extreme pressure properties of the lithium soap greases without a corresponding adverse effect on the mechanical stability of the greases and without limitation as to the type of polyhydric alcohol which is employed.
  • This combination of additives also provides a similar effect in lubricating oils.
  • Example 1 The following is given as an example of a base lubricant composition having extreme pressure properties:
  • Example 2 grease prepared by open kettle saponification of a mixture of hydrogenated castor oil and lZ-hydroxy stearic acid in a mineral lubricating oil. Its finished approximate composition was as follows:
  • Example 3 Weight Percent Dithio- Timken Test carbamate- OK"Load, Mineral Oil Pounds Mixture Weight Percent Addition Polyhydric Alcohol Added 7 o Ethylene Glycol"- Hexylene Glycol.
  • a lithium base lubricating grease consisting essentially of a mineral lubricating oil thickened with lithium fatty acid soap and containing between about 0.1 and.
  • a lithium base lubricating grease consisting essentially of a mineral lubricating oil thickened with between about 1 and about 25 percent of the lithium soap of a h droxy fatty acid and hydrogenated castor oil and containing from about 0.1 to about 5.0 percent glycerin and from about 0.4 to about 10.0 percent lead diamyldithiocarbamate.
  • a lithium base lubricating grease consisting essentially of a mineral lubricating oil thickened with between about 1 and about 25 percent by Weight of the lithium soap of a hydroxy fatty acid and hydrogenated castor oil hydroxy fatty 5 6 and containing from about 0.3 to about 1.0 percent by 2,504,672 Farrington ct a1 Apr. 18, 1950 weight glycerin and from about 1.0 to about 4.0 per- 2,785,130 Langer Mar. 12, 1957 cent by weight lead diamyldithiocarbamate. 2,794,781 Diamond et a1 June 4, 1957 2,812,306 Liehe Nov. 5, 1957 References Citcfi in the file of this patent 5 2,358,273 Worth Oct.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Lubricants (AREA)
US70444A 1960-11-21 1960-11-21 Extreme pressure lubricants Expired - Lifetime US3133020A (en)

Priority Applications (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
BE621872D BE621872A (en(2012)) 1960-11-21
NL271605D NL271605A (en(2012)) 1960-11-21
US70444A US3133020A (en) 1960-11-21 1960-11-21 Extreme pressure lubricants
GB38258/61A GB949254A (en) 1960-11-21 1961-10-25 Extreme pressure lubricants
FR878496A FR1305161A (fr) 1960-11-21 1961-11-09 Lubrifiants pour service sous des pressions extrêmement élevées

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US70444A US3133020A (en) 1960-11-21 1960-11-21 Extreme pressure lubricants

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US3133020A true US3133020A (en) 1964-05-12

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Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3248325A (en) * 1964-08-21 1966-04-26 Phillips Petroleum Co Lubricating composition
US3622512A (en) * 1969-05-06 1971-11-23 Us Air Force Grease compositions of polyol aliphatic esters
US3891564A (en) * 1972-02-14 1975-06-24 Texaco Inc Process for preparing mixed lithium-calcium soap thickened greases
US4481125A (en) * 1982-05-03 1984-11-06 E.F. Houghton & Co. Water-based hydraulic fluid
WO1985000182A1 (en) * 1983-06-29 1985-01-17 E. F. Houghton & Co. Water-based hydraulic fluid
US4740322A (en) * 1985-07-29 1988-04-26 The Lubrizol Corporation Sulfur-containing compositions, and additive concentrates, lubricating oils, metal working lubricants and asphalt compositions containing same
FR2619392A1 (fr) * 1987-08-13 1989-02-17 Cofran Rech Sarl Additifs soufres pour lubrifiants et graisses, notamment pour engrenages, et lubrifiants et graisses en contenant
US4822505A (en) * 1987-07-31 1989-04-18 Exxon Research And Engineering Company Load-carrying grease
US5916851A (en) * 1995-12-22 1999-06-29 Japan Energy Corporation Lubricating oil for internal combustion engine comprising oxymolybdenum dithiocarbamate sulfide
US20140082986A1 (en) * 2012-09-21 2014-03-27 Kevin W Gay Firearm lubricant and methods for using

Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2201258A (en) * 1936-08-11 1940-05-21 Goodrich Co B F Extreme pressure lubricant
US2400106A (en) * 1944-10-16 1946-05-14 California Research Corp Compounded oil
US2504672A (en) * 1948-11-01 1950-04-18 California Research Corp Lithium grease
CA506167A (en) * 1954-09-28 A. Edgar John Grease composition
US2785130A (en) * 1953-12-21 1957-03-12 Texas Co Extreme pressure lubricant
US2794781A (en) * 1955-02-25 1957-06-04 Shell Dev High temperature aromatic-free mineral lubricating oil compositions
US2812306A (en) * 1954-06-23 1957-11-05 Standard Oil Co Lithium soap grease containing rust and copper corrosion inhibitors
US2858273A (en) * 1956-05-28 1958-10-28 Union Oil Co Extreme pressure lubricating grease

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CA506167A (en) * 1954-09-28 A. Edgar John Grease composition
US2201258A (en) * 1936-08-11 1940-05-21 Goodrich Co B F Extreme pressure lubricant
US2400106A (en) * 1944-10-16 1946-05-14 California Research Corp Compounded oil
US2504672A (en) * 1948-11-01 1950-04-18 California Research Corp Lithium grease
US2785130A (en) * 1953-12-21 1957-03-12 Texas Co Extreme pressure lubricant
US2812306A (en) * 1954-06-23 1957-11-05 Standard Oil Co Lithium soap grease containing rust and copper corrosion inhibitors
US2794781A (en) * 1955-02-25 1957-06-04 Shell Dev High temperature aromatic-free mineral lubricating oil compositions
US2858273A (en) * 1956-05-28 1958-10-28 Union Oil Co Extreme pressure lubricating grease

Cited By (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3248325A (en) * 1964-08-21 1966-04-26 Phillips Petroleum Co Lubricating composition
US3622512A (en) * 1969-05-06 1971-11-23 Us Air Force Grease compositions of polyol aliphatic esters
US3891564A (en) * 1972-02-14 1975-06-24 Texaco Inc Process for preparing mixed lithium-calcium soap thickened greases
US4481125A (en) * 1982-05-03 1984-11-06 E.F. Houghton & Co. Water-based hydraulic fluid
WO1985000182A1 (en) * 1983-06-29 1985-01-17 E. F. Houghton & Co. Water-based hydraulic fluid
GB2152529A (en) * 1983-06-29 1985-08-07 Houghton & Co E F Water-based hydraulic fluid
US4740322A (en) * 1985-07-29 1988-04-26 The Lubrizol Corporation Sulfur-containing compositions, and additive concentrates, lubricating oils, metal working lubricants and asphalt compositions containing same
US4822505A (en) * 1987-07-31 1989-04-18 Exxon Research And Engineering Company Load-carrying grease
FR2619392A1 (fr) * 1987-08-13 1989-02-17 Cofran Rech Sarl Additifs soufres pour lubrifiants et graisses, notamment pour engrenages, et lubrifiants et graisses en contenant
US5916851A (en) * 1995-12-22 1999-06-29 Japan Energy Corporation Lubricating oil for internal combustion engine comprising oxymolybdenum dithiocarbamate sulfide
US20140082986A1 (en) * 2012-09-21 2014-03-27 Kevin W Gay Firearm lubricant and methods for using

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NL271605A (en(2012))
GB949254A (en) 1964-02-12

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