US3132025A - Alloy steel - Google Patents
Alloy steel Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US3132025A US3132025A US241535A US24153562A US3132025A US 3132025 A US3132025 A US 3132025A US 241535 A US241535 A US 241535A US 24153562 A US24153562 A US 24153562A US 3132025 A US3132025 A US 3132025A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- steels
- nickel
- strength
- copper
- alloy
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 229910000851 Alloy steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title description 13
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 22
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 22
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 21
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000010955 niobium Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N niobium atom Chemical compound [Nb] GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 76
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 76
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 45
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 37
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 37
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 23
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- 235000010210 aluminium Nutrition 0.000 description 11
- 238000005098 hot rolling Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 6
- 229910000859 α-Fe Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 5
- 229910001566 austenite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 5
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 description 4
- -1 0.01% Chemical compound 0.000 description 3
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004881 precipitation hardening Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910000975 Carbon steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910000881 Cu alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009628 steelmaking Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000640 Fe alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000760 Hardened steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 102100026933 Myelin-associated neurite-outgrowth inhibitor Human genes 0.000 description 1
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001464 adherent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005255 carburizing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- YOCUPQPZWBBYIX-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper nickel Chemical compound [Ni].[Cu] YOCUPQPZWBBYIX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001627 detrimental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005242 forging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000977 initiatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001562 pearlite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011253 protective coating Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005496 tempering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadium atom Chemical compound [V] LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/08—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing nickel
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/16—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing copper
Definitions
- the present invention relates to low alloy steels and, more particularly, to low alloy constructional steels in the hot-rolled condition which manifest an excellent combination of metallurgical properties including strength, formability, toughness, weldability, and corrosion resistance which render the steels eminently suitable for divers applications.
- a hot-rolled steel from a commercial viewpoint should be capable of use in a tremendous number of diiierent applications as opposed to finding possible recourse in the utilization of many difi'erent and varying steel compositions (or those requiring heat treatments) for the same applications.
- a particular steel may possess certain properties which are quite good, but at the same time be afiiicted with one or more inferior properties which would limit its application.
- a hot-rolled steel is to be versatile of application, as in accordance with the present invention, it should possess (1) a yield strength of at least 70,000 p.s.i., (2) good impact properties at relatively low temperature as well as at room temperature and above, e.g., over 15 foot-pounds (ft-lbs.) at 50 F. and over at least 75 ft.-lbs. at room temperature as measured by the Charpy V-notch test, (3) a tensile elongation of over 20%, (4) good formability, including a reduction of area of at least about 60%, (5) and (6) good corrosion resistance characteristics.
- embrittlement is an ever present obstacle attendant the precipitation treatment and to minimize this problem, molybdenum with or without aluminum has been considered necessary. Further, it has been common practice to normalize prior hot-rolled steels to efifect improved properties, e.g., impact strength,
- ductility tensile elongation
- buckling strength of a formed structural member in large measure is dependent upon the smallest radius of bending that can be used.
- special lowhydrogen fluxes are necessary to avoid underbead cracking. Should the most economical submerged arc welding methods be used, lower yield strengths result and embrittlement of the weld heat-affected zone is encountered.
- alloy steels having the following ranges: carbon in an amount up to 0.08%, about 0.1% to about 1% manganese, silicon from about 0.03% to less than 0.5%, about 0.9% to about 2% copper, about 0.5% to about 2.5% nickel, about 0.005% to about 0.25% columbium and the balance essentially iron.
- the yield strength of the alloy steels is virtually insensitive to carbon content. That is to say, the alloy steels of the present invention are not dependent upon carbon content for strength as is the case with many other prior art steels.
- a small amount of carbon e.g., 0.01%, is necessary to combine with the Columbium upon cooling from the hotworking operation in order to achieve a small ferrite grain size. While it is most advantageous that the carbon content not exceed 0.06%, there are commercial applications which do not require optimum formability, impact toughness, and weldability (which are afforded by alloy steels within the invention in which the carbon content advantageously does not exceed about 0.06%). In such cases, the carbon content can be extended up to about 0.19%. Because of the extremely low carbon content that can be employed and because of the virtual insensitivity of yield strength to carbon content, the steels can be decarburized during processing without incurring a detrimental loss of strength.
- the manganese content of the alloy steels at least 0.1% should be present to obviate fabricating diificulties attributable to such elements as sulfur and to avoid cracking during hot rolling. It is preferred that the manganese be less than about 1% since it has been found that higher amounts adversely affect impact properties. Silicon should be kept as low as is consistent with commercial steelmaking practice. As mentioned hereinbefore, high amounts of silicon, e.g., 0.75%, lead to a steel which contains an undesirably high number of inclusions which can adversely affect certain desired properties. Copper is a most essential element in accordance with the invention and where precipitation hardening is desired, at least 1% copper should be present.
- columbium is important since hot-rolled steels devoid of columbium are quite inferior in various properties, particularly yield strength. Columbium is not present in the hot-rolled steels of the invention to repress the growth of austenite grain size by carbide action as would be the case, for example, in carburizing steels. Rather, columbium must first, in order to obtain the enhanced properties in accordance with the invention, be dissolved in the steel during heating prior to hot rolling. It will be appreciated that heating of the steels to high temperatures, e.g., over about 2000 F, is necessary in accordance with the present invention in order for the hot rolling and/ or hot working operations to be carried out successfully.
- the austenite grain size increases when the steels are heated to rolling temperature but it is broken down during hot working. It is considered that the beneficial effects of columbium are actually imparted upon the transformation of the steel from austenite to ferrite during cooling of the hot-rolled steels from austenitizing temperatures. The transformation reaction occurs so rapidly upon air-cooling that it acts somewhat as a triggering mechanism for columbium in its role of providing a small ferrite grain size, e.g., A.S.T.M.
- the steels must be in the austenitic condition
- the Columbium must be dissolved in the austenite
- the austenite must be subjected to heavy plastic deformation, e.g., by hot rolling, hot working, forging, etc.
- the steels, after the hot rolling operation must be cooled through the transformation range at a rate approximating that employed in the air-cooling of a steel plate.
- Table II illustrates that each of the alloy steels manifested a yield point of well over 70,000 p.s.i. in the hotrolled condition, a strength that could be further im .proved by the application of the simple precipitation .Thus, for optimum results it is advantageous that the carbon content hot exceed about 0.06%.
- the term balance when used to indicate the amount of iron in the alloy steels does not exclude the presence of other elements commonly present as incidental elements, e.g., deoxidizing and cleaning elements, and impurities ordinarily associated therewith in small amounts which do not adversely afiect the basic characteristics of the steels.
- the terms hot-rolled or asrolled as used herein are intended to include, as those skilled in the art will readily understand, such operations as the application of finishing passes or temper rolling.
- An alloy steel consisting essentially of carbon in an amount up to 0.19%, about 0.1% to about 1% manganese, silicon from about 0.03% to less than 0.5%, about 0.9% to about 2% copper, about 0.5% to about 2.5% nickel, the ratio of copper to nickel not exceeding about 2 to 1, about 0.005% to about 0.25% columbium, alu minum in a small but effective amount up to 0.5 suflicient to insure good deoxidation, and the balance essentially iron.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Heat Treatment Of Steel (AREA)
- Heat Treatment Of Sheet Steel (AREA)
Priority Applications (8)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| BE640766D BE640766A (es) | 1962-12-03 | ||
| US241535A US3132025A (en) | 1962-12-03 | 1962-12-03 | Alloy steel |
| GB46698/63A GB982448A (en) | 1962-12-03 | 1963-11-26 | Alloy steel |
| ES294013A ES294013A1 (es) | 1962-12-03 | 1963-11-29 | Mejoras introducidas en la fabricación de aceros aleados |
| AT960263A AT251621B (de) | 1962-12-03 | 1963-12-02 | Beruhigter legierter Stahl |
| DK562763AA DK103259C (da) | 1962-12-03 | 1963-12-02 | Legeret stål til anvendelse i varmvalset tilstand. |
| CH1469863A CH425243A (fr) | 1962-12-03 | 1963-12-02 | Acier allié |
| LU44930D LU44930A1 (es) | 1962-12-03 | 1963-12-03 |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US241535A US3132025A (en) | 1962-12-03 | 1962-12-03 | Alloy steel |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US3132025A true US3132025A (en) | 1964-05-05 |
Family
ID=22911093
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US241535A Expired - Lifetime US3132025A (en) | 1962-12-03 | 1962-12-03 | Alloy steel |
Country Status (8)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US3132025A (es) |
| AT (1) | AT251621B (es) |
| BE (1) | BE640766A (es) |
| CH (1) | CH425243A (es) |
| DK (1) | DK103259C (es) |
| ES (1) | ES294013A1 (es) |
| GB (1) | GB982448A (es) |
| LU (1) | LU44930A1 (es) |
Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3247031A (en) * | 1963-10-14 | 1966-04-19 | Armco Steel Corp | Method of hot rolling nickel-iron magnetic sheet stock |
| US3303061A (en) * | 1964-05-07 | 1967-02-07 | American Metal Climax Inc | Bainitic iron alloys |
| US3386862A (en) * | 1966-06-22 | 1968-06-04 | Ford Motor Co | High strength structural steel |
| US3635770A (en) * | 1964-05-20 | 1972-01-18 | Hitachi Ltd | Alloy steels for use at low temperatures |
| US3864809A (en) * | 1973-03-29 | 1975-02-11 | Int Nickel Co | Process of producing by powder metallurgy techniques a ferritic hot forging of low flow stress |
| US3899368A (en) * | 1973-12-13 | 1975-08-12 | Republic Steel Corp | Low alloy, high strength, age hardenable steel |
| DE2819227A1 (de) * | 1978-05-02 | 1979-11-15 | Salzgitter Peine Stahlwerke | Manganstahl |
| US4210445A (en) * | 1977-10-18 | 1980-07-01 | Kobe Steel, Ltd. | Niobium-containing weldable structural steel having good weldability |
| US4662950A (en) * | 1985-11-05 | 1987-05-05 | Bethlehem Steel Corporation | Method of making a steel plate for construction applications |
| WO2013106069A1 (en) * | 2012-01-09 | 2013-07-18 | Consolidated Metal Products, Inc. | Welded hot-rolled high-strength steel structural members and method |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS644429A (en) * | 1987-06-26 | 1989-01-09 | Nippon Steel Corp | Manufacture of high-strength cold-rolled steel sheet with high (r) value |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2046168A (en) * | 1933-10-04 | 1936-06-30 | Union Carbide & Carbon Corp | Machine element |
| US2158651A (en) * | 1936-06-24 | 1939-05-16 | Electro Metallurg Co | Steel |
| US2182135A (en) * | 1937-02-12 | 1939-12-05 | Youngstown Sheet And Tube Co | Alloy steel |
| US2443932A (en) * | 1945-11-30 | 1948-06-22 | Carnegie Illinois Steel Corp | Welded steel articles and method for making same |
| US3010822A (en) * | 1961-01-23 | 1961-11-28 | Nat Steel Corp | Columbium containing steels, process for their manufacture and articles prepared therefrom |
-
0
- BE BE640766D patent/BE640766A/xx unknown
-
1962
- 1962-12-03 US US241535A patent/US3132025A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1963
- 1963-11-26 GB GB46698/63A patent/GB982448A/en not_active Expired
- 1963-11-29 ES ES294013A patent/ES294013A1/es not_active Expired
- 1963-12-02 AT AT960263A patent/AT251621B/de active
- 1963-12-02 CH CH1469863A patent/CH425243A/fr unknown
- 1963-12-02 DK DK562763AA patent/DK103259C/da active
- 1963-12-03 LU LU44930D patent/LU44930A1/xx unknown
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2046168A (en) * | 1933-10-04 | 1936-06-30 | Union Carbide & Carbon Corp | Machine element |
| US2158651A (en) * | 1936-06-24 | 1939-05-16 | Electro Metallurg Co | Steel |
| US2182135A (en) * | 1937-02-12 | 1939-12-05 | Youngstown Sheet And Tube Co | Alloy steel |
| US2443932A (en) * | 1945-11-30 | 1948-06-22 | Carnegie Illinois Steel Corp | Welded steel articles and method for making same |
| US3010822A (en) * | 1961-01-23 | 1961-11-28 | Nat Steel Corp | Columbium containing steels, process for their manufacture and articles prepared therefrom |
Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3247031A (en) * | 1963-10-14 | 1966-04-19 | Armco Steel Corp | Method of hot rolling nickel-iron magnetic sheet stock |
| US3303061A (en) * | 1964-05-07 | 1967-02-07 | American Metal Climax Inc | Bainitic iron alloys |
| US3635770A (en) * | 1964-05-20 | 1972-01-18 | Hitachi Ltd | Alloy steels for use at low temperatures |
| US3386862A (en) * | 1966-06-22 | 1968-06-04 | Ford Motor Co | High strength structural steel |
| US3864809A (en) * | 1973-03-29 | 1975-02-11 | Int Nickel Co | Process of producing by powder metallurgy techniques a ferritic hot forging of low flow stress |
| US3899368A (en) * | 1973-12-13 | 1975-08-12 | Republic Steel Corp | Low alloy, high strength, age hardenable steel |
| US4210445A (en) * | 1977-10-18 | 1980-07-01 | Kobe Steel, Ltd. | Niobium-containing weldable structural steel having good weldability |
| DE2819227A1 (de) * | 1978-05-02 | 1979-11-15 | Salzgitter Peine Stahlwerke | Manganstahl |
| US4662950A (en) * | 1985-11-05 | 1987-05-05 | Bethlehem Steel Corporation | Method of making a steel plate for construction applications |
| WO2013106069A1 (en) * | 2012-01-09 | 2013-07-18 | Consolidated Metal Products, Inc. | Welded hot-rolled high-strength steel structural members and method |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| BE640766A (es) | |
| CH425243A (fr) | 1966-11-30 |
| AT251621B (de) | 1967-01-10 |
| LU44930A1 (es) | 1964-02-03 |
| ES294013A1 (es) | 1964-04-01 |
| DK103259C (da) | 1965-12-06 |
| GB982448A (en) | 1965-02-03 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| US5876521A (en) | Ultra high strength, secondary hardening steels with superior toughness and weldability | |
| US4814141A (en) | High toughness, ultra-high strength steel having an excellent stress corrosion cracking resistance with a yield stress of not less than 110 kgf/mm2 | |
| JP3288497B2 (ja) | オーステナイトステンレス鋼 | |
| US3567434A (en) | Stainless steels | |
| US3366471A (en) | High strength alloy steel compositions and process of producing high strength steel including hot-cold working | |
| US3556776A (en) | Stainless steel | |
| US20170081739A1 (en) | High-strength flat steel product having a bainitic-martensitic microstructure and method for producing such a flat steel product | |
| US3132025A (en) | Alloy steel | |
| US4256486A (en) | Martensitic stainless steel having excellent weldability and workability for structural use | |
| USRE28523E (en) | High strength alloy steel compositions and process of producing high strength steel including hot-cold working | |
| US3132937A (en) | Cast steel | |
| US3288600A (en) | Low carbon, high strength alloy steel | |
| US4798634A (en) | Corrosion resistant wrought stainless steel alloys having intermediate strength and good machinability | |
| US3661658A (en) | High-strength and high-toughness cast steel for propellers and method for making propellers of said cast steel | |
| US3216823A (en) | Low alloy steel | |
| US3355280A (en) | High strength, martensitic stainless steel | |
| US3262777A (en) | Ultra tough maraging steel | |
| JPS6035981B2 (ja) | 圧力容器用高強度高靭性圧延鋼材 | |
| EP0738784B1 (en) | High chromium martensitic steel pipe having excellent pitting resistance and method of manufacturing | |
| US3262823A (en) | Maraging steel | |
| JPH064889B2 (ja) | 厚肉超高張力鋼の製造方法 | |
| JPH06128631A (ja) | 低温靱性の優れた高マンガン超高張力鋼の製造方法 | |
| US3658514A (en) | Martensitic steel | |
| GB2055122A (en) | Austenitic corrosion-resistant steels | |
| US3373015A (en) | Stainless steel and product |