US3131613A

US3131613A - Tape applying to flat bags

Info

Publication number: US3131613A
Application number: US144959A
Authority: US
Inventors: Bok Edward
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1960-10-15
Filing date: 1961-10-13
Publication date: 1964-05-05
Anticipated expiration: 1981-05-05

Description

May 5, 1964 E. BOK

TAPE APPLYING TO FLAT BAGS 7 Sheets-Sheet 1 Filed Oct. 13, 1961 May 5, 1964 E. BOK

TAPE APPLYING TO FLAT BAGS 7 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed Oct. 13, 1961 May 5, 1964 E. BOK 3,131,613

TAPE APPLYING TO FLAT BAGS Filed Oct. 13, 1961' 7 Sheets-Sheet 5 May 5, 1964 E. BOK 3,131,613

TAPE APPLYING TO FLAT BAGS Filed Oct. 13, 1961 7 Sheets-Sheet 4 Jig w J J m: m J /0!\ my .9 I

/02 m ,2 Q I Fi KZQ May 5, 1964 3 E. BOK 3,131,613

TAPE APPLYING T0 FLAT BAGS Filed Oct. 13, 1961 7 Sheets-Sheet 6 E. BOK

TAPE APPLYING T0 FLAT BAGS 1 May 5, 1964 7 Sheets-Sheet 7 vFiled Oct. 13. 1961 United States Patent Ofitice 3,131,613 Patented May 5, 1964 3,131,613 TAPE APPLYING TO FLAT BAGS Edward Bolt, Eurgemeester Arnerstoortlaan 82, Badhoevcdorp, Netherlands Filed Oct. 13, 1961, Ser. No. 144,959 Claims priority, application Netherlands Get. 15, 196i) 4 Claims. (Ci. 93-8) The present invention relates to the application of lengths of adhesive tape for purposes of obtaining bag closures as described and claimed in my copending patent application Ser. No. 48,531 filed August 9, 1960 and now Pat. No. 3,085,738.

It is an object of the invention to provide methods and apparatus for applying pressure sensitive adhesive tape continuously and with mass production techniques in such a way that strips of the said tape are accurately placed along the edge of the mouth of a bag so that about one half of the cross section or height of the tape protrudes beyond this edge and along the entire length thereof if desired.

It is a further object of the invention to provide two opposing strips of equal dimensions at the same time one on each side of a bag along the edge of the bag mouth so that one part of each strip adheres to the bag wall and the parts or" both strips protruding beyond the said edge are pressed against each other, to form a closed bag.

Another object is to provide a method and machine wherein pull lips are provided between the wall of the bag and the sealing strips, these pull lips extending, from under the sealing strips at the middle part thereof in the direction of the axis of the bag.

It is a special object of the invention to obtain sealing strips from a supply roll in such a way that only a short step corresponding to the height of the sealing strips need to be made by the mechanism for pulling the tape from the supply roll and by the mechanisms for applying the sealing strips to the bag mouth.

This object is moreover included in a general object to provide compactly built tape applying machines.

With this and other objects in mind the invention is described below in several embodiments of tape applying arrangements as illustrated in the accompanying drawing in which:

FIGURES 1-3 are diagrammatical side views of a first embodiment of a bag sealing apparatus made according to a first embodiment of the present invention and wherein the method according to the invention is applied, the view showing the various parts of the mechanism in positions which they take successively during a tape applying operation.

FIGURES 4 and 5 show in a corresponding way and in two different positions a modified construction of a part of the aoovementioned mechanism comprising auxiliary means for pulling sealing tape from a supply roll;

FIGURE 6 shows in a corresponding way another embodiment of such pulling means in the form of a vacuum drum which is also applicable for transporting tape directly to a cutting mechanism and eventually for pressing cut-off lengths of the tape onto the mouth of bags to be sealed;

FIGURE 7 is a cross section on an enlarged scale of a cutter as shown in FIGS. 1-3;

FIGURE 8 is a schematic side view of a cross section along the middle axis of a bag provided with sealing strips and pull lips, wherein however the sealing strips are shown at some distance from each other for the sake of clarity, though the bag is in fact delivered by the apparatus in closed state;

FIGURE 9 is a diagrammatical side view showing, in the lower part thereof, a somewhat modified embodiment of the arrangement according to the preceding figures and in the upper part, a preceding machine station for providing pull lips, as well as means for blocking the bags in the working stations of the machine;

FIGURE 10 is a diagrammatical side view of a vacuum drum applicable in the above described machines; FIG- URES ll13 illustrate three successive positions of a working machine;

FIG. 14 showsin a manner corresponding with FIG- URE 8 a modified bag closure and FIGURE 15 shows a top view of the same bag;

FIGURES 16 and 17 show in a way corresponding to FIGS. 14 and 15 another type of a bag closure;

FIGURE 18 is a diagrammatical side view illustrating a modification of the method and apparatus according to the invention;

FIGURE 19 is a diagrammatical plan view of a rotary work table comprising successive stations for applying pull lips and sealing strips to bags; and

FIGURES 20-23 are cross sections through stations in successive positions.

In FIGS. 1-3 is illustrated a tape applying mechanism 1. The parts thereof shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 are situated on one side of a bag track, which is generally indicated in FIG. 3 by a line 34 between two parallel lines indicating a cross section through a flat case guiding as will be described hereinafter. A tape applying mechanism similar to that shown exists in a mirror image position on the other side of the said bag track and FIGURE 3 shows a few parts thereof.

From a tape supply roll 2 tape is guided along a track 3, 8 by a guide roller 4 and via the surface 7 of a vacuum block 6 onto a fixed counter piece 17 of a clamping mechanism 5. An arm 10 supporting the vacuum block 6 is mounted for pivotal movement about axis 11. In the upward position of the vacuum block 6 as shown in FIGS. 1 and 3, the arm 10 is pulled by a spring 15 against a stop 12. The block 6 is evacuated through vacuum duct 31 and the tape is sucked against the perforated face 7 of block 6 (the adhesive layer 9 is provided on the tape side which is turned away from the block 6).

Now air under pressure is introduced above the piston in a driving cylinder 14 and the block 6 is moved downwardly thereby against the action of spring 15 until the arm it) meets the stop 13. A length of tape is thus moved downwardly therewith and a tape length 32 (see FIG. 2) having the height of a sealing strip to be applied to bag 34 is moved beyond the lower edge of counter piece 17. Due to the pulling force of block 6 a corresponding length of tape is pulled from the supply roll 2.

At the same time, clamping piece 16 which is attached to an arm 18 which is swingable on a pivot 19 is moved against counterpiece 17 as shown in FIG. 2. This movement is obtained by means of an air pressure cylinder 26), which exerts pressure on arm 18 against the action of spring 21. When the cylinder is unloaded, the spring 21 pulls the arm 18 with clamping piece 16 towards counterpiece 17.

Thereupon a cutting device 23 shown in a rest position in FIGS. 1 and 2 is brought into action. The end position of this cutting device is shown in FIG. 3.

The device 23 comprises a cutter unit 24 mounted on an arm 25 pivoted at 60 and swingable between

stops

28 and 29. This cutting device is driven by a pressure cylinder 2.6, which exerts a force on arm 25 to move the same against the action of spring 27 when air under pressure is admitted above the piston. The strip 32 is cut off as the cutting edge of the cutter unit 24 moves along the lower edge of the clamping face of clamping piece 16. The

cutting edges can conventionally enclose an angle so that the cutting action will proceed from one side to the other side of tape strip 32.

The severed strip 32 is kept against the side face of the cutter by means of suction perforations 35 provided therein which are connected to a vacuum duct within the cutter.

FIGURE 3 a bag 34 moved via a flat guide case into the desired position wherein the mouth end of the bag is left in an opening under the end of the guide case, as will be described in more detail hereinafter. Further, the fact that a corresponding tape supply mechanism is working on the other side of the bag track is indicated in FIG. 3 by showing the parts of the cutting device of the supply mechanism on the right hand side of the bag track. At the same moment, both said cutter units acting in opposite directions apply an

adhesive tape strip

32 or 33 respectively against the mouth edges of the bag 34 so that they constitute each others counterpiece in receiving the action of the stroke.

By discharging pressure cylinder 26 the cutter unit 23 is removed to the position shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 and clamping piece 16 is moved to the position of FIG. 1 by admitting air pressure into cylinder 29.

In the meantime in the period between the positions of FIGS. 2 and 3 vacuum block 6 and cylinder 14 are discharged so that block 6 is moved to the starting position shown in FIGURE 1, the tape on the track 3, 8 and on counterpiece 17 being maintained in position as it is still clamped in the clamping device 5.

On removing clamping piece 16, the adhesive layer side of the tape will be freed from the clamping face of piece 16, because the tape is touched thereby only along a narrow edge and because this edge of the clamping piece 16 moves downwardly with respect to the tape end when arm 18 swings back towards stop 22, so that the tape end is released from the clamping piece 16. At this time block 6 is evacuated again so that tape is not pulled from supply roll 2 during the beginning of the backward movement of clamping piece 16 at the time that the tape end is still sticking thereto.

The described machine parts can be positioned between two parallel frame panels 30.

The arrangement described hereabove is an embodiment wherein the width of the supply roll 2 in the direction wherein the side view is taken corresponds to the height of each adhesive tape strip to be applied to a bag. Therefore each step by which tape is pulled from the roll and transported to the cutting mechanism is the same as the height of such a strip. In this way the machine can be made much simpler and more compact than if the supply roll had tape with a width corresponding to the height of the tape strips to be applied, in which case namely the pulling and transport steps must have a path length corresponding to the length of the strips.

It will further be understood that in this embodiment blocks such as 6, 16, 17, 24 will extend in the viewing direction of the drawing along substantially the same length as the width of the supply roll 2, which is the length of the mouth of the bag 34 to be sealed. HOW- ever, it will be understood that the character of the apparatus is not limited to this preferred example wherein broad tape is used.

An auxiliary pulling mechanism 37 as shown in FIGS. 4 and 5 in starting and end position respectively can be added in order to decrease the pulling action to be exerted by vacuum block 6. Between the guiding roller 4 and an additional guiding roller 45 the tape along the track 3 is driven forwardly and at the same time downwardly by means of a driving rib 38, which is carried by an arm 39 which is swingable on pivot 40 and driven by air pressure in cylinder 41 against stop 44. At the same time spring 42 is loaded by which arm 39 is pulled back against stop 43 when cylinder 41 is discharged.

The stroke is exerted in a period during which vacuum block 6 maintains the end of the tape in position by suction. The stroke is established in such a way that the length of tape pulled from supply roll 2 corresponds substantially with the length of the following transport step to be executed by vacuum block 6. In this way the danger is avoided that the tape can be wrinkled during transport because the suction action would be too small.

Another means which can be used for the same purpose is shown in FIG. 6 as a vacuum drum 47 and in this case it is no longer necessary to move suction block 48. The periodic pulling of tape from the supply roll 2 and the transport towards the cutting device is obtained by stepwise rotation of the drum 4'! against the outer surface whereof the tape is sucked by means of perforations in this surface. The vacuum block 48 has the task of keeping the tape end directed toward the clamping device 49 when the latter is in open position.

The section of cutter unit of FIG. 1 as shown in FIG. 7 is taken in a plane which is parallel to the plane of drawing in FIGS. 13. The cutting part is indicated at 50, the vacuum openings at 51. The latter lead to a channel 52 through the center of the cutter and this channel is connected to a vacuum supply. The bottom of the channel 52 in the cutter 50 is formed by a plate 53. The cutter St is resiliently connected to a bearer 55 by means of bolts 5-! and pressure springs 56, the latter also pressing the closing plate 53 against the cutter 519. By this means also the cutter 5G is pressed resiliently against the counter cutting part 16 during the cutting operation.

Hereinbefore only the applying of tape strips such as indicated at in FIG. 8 and 211, 212 in FIGS. 14 and 15 has been described. It will now be shown how the bags can be supplied towards and brought to the desired position within the tape applying station and how pull lips can be applied in a preceding station.

Such pull lips are indicated in FIG. 8 at 102 and in FIGS. 14 and 15 at 217, 218. In the embodiments shown, these pull lips are constituted by adhesive tape strips, the outer end of which has been folded back on itself (parts 219 and 220 in FIG. 14), so that these pull lips have no adhesive layer on the surfaces where they will be gripped by fingers or by machine parts for opening the bag. On the parts of the pull lips to be gripped the adhesive layer, instead of being folded inwardly, can be covered by a strip of foil or the strips can be made from non-adhesive tape. As these preparing steps for making pull lips can simply be executed by machine parts known in the art these steps are not described in detail. If adhesive tape is used for the pull lips they can be fastened on the edge of the bag mouth in the middle part thereof by means of their adhesive layer before the sealing strips are applied or as will follow hereinafter from the description of FIG. :18, they can be applied to the sealing tape before lengths thereof are fastened on the bag mouth. The last mentioned method is preferable when the pull lips are not made from adhesive tape.

In the machine 107 generally indicated in FIGS. 913, the supply track 108 for the bags is constituted by a flat case, the

lower part

114, 116 whereof was mentioned relative to FIG. 3 in association with a bag 34. At the stations 109 and 110 (the latter corresponding with the applying stations of FIGS. 1, 2 and 5), there are openings or slits between the successive sections of the case 108. The upper edges of the case walls for each section are bent outwardly as shown at 111, 112 and 113 in order to facilitate the introduction of the bags 101.

At the time that a bag 101 falls between the walls and 121 of the upper section a blocking strip 118 has already been introduced by a driving mechanism 119 (see FIG. 11) in the opening between the first and second section of the case 108. The end of the bag 101 will be stopped and supported by the said blocking strip 118. This blocking strip consists in fact of two parts leaving free a slit between them through which pull lip applying devices 124 which are situated on each side of the station 109 apply pull lips 1(12 onto the wall of the bag (FIG. 12).

Thereafter the blocking strip 109 is pulled backwardly by the driving mechanism 11% (FIG. 13) and the bag falls into the

next case section

114, 116, where in the meantime in the station 111)- the blooking strips 126, 127 have been inserted in the opening between the

sections

114, 116 and the outlet section 151 of the track 1118 by means of the driving mechanism 123. As soon as the bag 101 is halted by blocking

strips

126, 127 in the position shown in the :lower part of FIG. 11 a driving mechanism 115 pushes the Wall 11% of the

intermediate section

114, 116 inwardly so that the bag 101 is clamped in this position. The blocking strips 126, 127 are than moved back wardly to free the opening in the station 110 for the tape supply devices 129 as shown in FIG. 12 (corresponding to the cutter units 24 in FIGS. 1-3). Then the wall plate 114 is moved outwardly by driving mechanism 115 so that the bag 1 now provided with pull strips and sealing strips is freed and falls into the outlet section 151 of the case 108 (see FIG. 13).

The working of a bag in the station 111) can take place at the same time with the Working of another bag in the station 189. However (see FIG. 13) care is to be taken that blocking strip 118 is not removed before the clamping of the bag by side wall 114 has been taken away for a suiiicient time to let the lower bag leave the space between the

walls

114 and 116.

The two supply systems 129 for sealing strips 105 (FIG. 9) have the same form and are shown partly as a modification of the corresponding device shown in FIG. 6. A vacuum drum 134 on the cylindrical surface whereof sealing tape is sucked pulls the tape from a broad supply roll 133. The tape 134- is further transported by means of a vacuum drum 136 towards the cutting device 141 which is diagrammatically indicated by the

blocks

137, 138 and 139.

A favorable construction for vacuum drums 134 and 1.3 6 is next described with reference to FIG. 10.

An inner drum 142 is fixedly mounted on the machine frame. A section 143 of the cylindrical 'wall of the drum 142 is provided with slits 1-44, covering a drum sector which is somewhat smaller than the sector 144 which is covered by tape material on the drum 134. This tape bears upon a rotary outer drum 145 which is also provided with vacuum openings 146 and is preerabiy covered with rubber or like frictional material. In this way the tape 135 is securedly transported by the drum 145 but on the sector where the tape leaves the drum no suctional action is exerted on the tape so that it leaves the drum without diiliculty.

The outer drum 14-5 is provided with a driving device 148 and covering plates 14 9 prevent that air from being sucked outside the width covered by the tape.

The transport drum 134 is rotated stepwise and, with each step through an angle corresponding to the height of the sealing strip to be severed from the tape supply by the cutting device 141 (FIG. 9).

It is also possible to rotate the drum I134 continuously, in which case the transport drum 136 is rotated stepwise and, with each step, through an angle such as above mentioned.

In the embodiment which is shown in FIGS. 19-23, a rotary work table '61 is provided comprising in this case two

tape applying devices

63 and 64, working independently of each other and which are each completed by cooperating machine parts under the table. When a rotary table of greater diameter is used the number of tape applying machines served by one table can further be increased.

A supply station 66 (see also FIG. 20) comprises a fiat case having two parallel walls 62 and 70. Between these walls a bag 65 is introduced with its bottom up. A blocking plate 67 is provided at a distance 68 below the rotary table 61. The bag 65 after being halted by this blocking plate extends by its mouth edge sufficiently below the table 61 to provide pull lips and sealing strips thereto. In the FIGS. 20-23, where the rotary table late is indicated by line '61 it can be seen that the case 62, '71 which is fastened to the table plate extends downwardly therefrom by the lower case part 69 (FIG. 20). The blocking plate 67 has a fixed position under the table at the station 66 where the bags are supplied.

Aliter clamping the bag by pushing sidewall 7 0 towards sidewall 61 the table makes a step of rotation at the end of which the case 62 reaches the next station 71 (FIG. 21). Here the pull lips 72 land 73' are applied to the mouth edges of the bag at the middle axis thereof. An applying device 74 transports the pull lips for this purpose along an upwardly inclined track and presses them onto the bag 65.

In a following rotary step of the table 61, the bag 65 is transported to the station 75 (see FIG. 22), where sealing strips 76 are applied along the mouth of the bag on both sides thereof so that the middle portions of these sealing strips cover the pull lips. The applying devices for sealing strips are only schematically indicated in FIG. 22 as they can be executed in the same way as described hereinbetore. Here also the strips are transported along an upwardly inclined track by devices 77 towards the bag 65.

The next step of the rotary table transports the bag to the outlet station 78 (see FIG. 23 where the clamping action is removed and the bag 65 falls into the outlet section 79 of the bag track.

Though in the description of the above embodiment only premanufactured bags were considered or in the embodiment of FIG. 18 to be described hereinafter prettolded bag material will be considered, it will be clear that these machines can be a part of bag manufacturing machines.

In the embodiments described hereinbefore the sealing strips were cut off in desired lengths before they were applied against the mouth edges of the bag. FIGURE 18 relates to a modification of this method regarding the manner of applying sealing strips as well as pull lips. Bag closures as shown in FIG. 8 and in FIGS. 14 17 can also be manufactured in the manner as will next be described.

According to FIG. 18 bag material, the bag walls whereof are indicated at 237 and 238, is supplied continuously from a supply roll 2 36 and along a guide roller 239 by means of :a set of transport rollers 246'. Tape material 242 is supplied from a supply roll 243 along a guide roller 244. Tape material and bag material are brought together and further transported by a set of pressing rollers 241. The tape supply roll 243 has in this case a width corresponding to the height of the sealing strips and the latter are, as in the preceding embodiments applied to the bag mouth in such a way that about half the height of the sealing strips protrudes beyond the bag mouth edges (see FIGS. 14l7). However, the tape material is continuously fed together with the bag material between the rollers 241 in the same direction as that in which the bag material is transported therethrough. The bag mouth thus runs parallel to the track direction of the bag matenial.

Though an applying device for tape 241-244 is shown in FIG. 18 only on one side of the bag track it will be clear that when manufacturing bag closures of the type as shown in FIGS. 8, 14 and 15 another applying device will be positioned as the mirror image of the first mentioned applying device on the other side of the bag track. Further, premanufactured bags can be supplied in FIG. 18 along the said bag track without changing principally the above indicated method or the manner wherein according to the embodiment of FIG. 18 pull lip material is transported from a tape roll 246 between a driving roller 247 and an opposing bearer plate towards a cutting device 248 and a device 250 for pressing the pull lips upon the adhesive layer of the tape 242'. The

devices

248 and 250 are actuated intermittently each time after a period during which a full sealing strip length has passed so that on this intermediate distances pull lips are fas tened to the tape 242. As a modification it is also possible that the rollers 241 are vacuum drums and that the sealing strip lengths are out from the tape 242, just before the drum 241 when the forward end of the strip length has been already sucked by the surf-ace of the vacuum drum. In this case the

devices

248 and 250 can even be positioned opposite to the surface of the said vacuum drum so that the pull lips are positioned upon the sealing strips on this drum in the middle part of each sealing strip. In any of these cases the sealing strips are provided with pull lips before the sealing strips are applied to the mouth edge.

The above methods are applicable as indicated above when separate bags are subsequently supplied between the rollers 241 but FIG. 18 is particularly directed to an embodiment wherein folded bag material is supplied from supply roll 236 as a continuous sheet. The fold line running in the transport direction of the track constitutes the bottom of the bags and these bags are formed as parts of the continuous

double sheet

237 and 238 by means of a sealing device 241 in the lower section of the machine when the sealing strips have been applied to the mouth of the folded bag sheet. A cutting device 252 provided between two halves of the sealing device 251 separates the bags from each other in the middle line of the seal.

With a machine as shown in FIG. ,18 it is also possible to manufacture a type of bag closure as shown in FIGS. 16 and 17 wherein the sheet material is folded in such a way that a part of one bag wall protrudes beyond the other bag wall. A single sealing strip 234 is in this case provided for each bag as such strip will cover the mouth edge of the upper bag wall 225 as well as the adjoining region of the protruding part 224 of the other bag wall.

What I claim is:

1. Apparatus for applying lengths of adhesive tape along the edges of the mouths of bag sections, comprising a supply track adapted for the supply of said bag sections, means for feeding said bag sections one by one from said track, the supplytrack being open at one end thereof to allow the mouth edges of the bag to extend from said track sections to a sealing position for said bag sections, a pressure head operatively positioned relative to the open end of the track for applying sealing strips to said edges at least on one side of the said track, said pressure head including a pressure face extending parallel to the said mouth edges at said sealing position and overlapping the said mouth edges on both sides thereof in a direction at right angles thereto, a supply roll of pull lip tape, transport and cutting means, for said pull tape, and applying heads for said pull tape cooperating with the applying device for the said sealing strips such that a pull lip is centrally enclosed between the sealing strips and the associated bag sections and such that a part of each said pull strip protrudes from under the associated sealing strip.

2. An apparatus as claimed in claim 1 comprising a swing arm, a vacuum transport block mounted on said swing arm for reciprocal movement of the said vacuum block along a path of a length corresponding to the height of the sealing strips to be applied to the said bag mouth edges, said vacuum block having a suction face, a supply roll of adhesive tape, the said tape being removed from the latter said supply roll by the suction face of the said vacuum block, and a vacuum control mechanism coupled to and controlling the vacuum in the said vacuum block during a tape transport stroke thereof and for a return movement of the said vacuum block.

3. An apparatus as claimed in claim 2 comprising, in the path of movement of the said tape from the latter said supply roll, an auxiliary tape pulling device adapted for efieoting a pulling operation on the latter said tape while the said tape is held by the said vacuum block, the said auxiliary tape pulling device comprising a swing arm and a transport strip mounted upon the latter said swing arm and arranged for effecting substantially in the direction of transport of the latter said tape a stroke against the adhesive side of the latter said tape.

4. An apparatus as claimed in claim 1, comprising a working table mounted and driven for stepwise rotary movement, said track being mounted on the said table a stop strip associated with said track for holding the bag sections protruding trom the said track, said pull lip applying heads and said pressure head being operatively disposed relative to said table to apply pull lips and sealing strips to said bag sections.

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 1,882,696 Aldrich Oct. 18, 1932 1,944,147 Aldrich Jan. 23, 1934 2,334,030 R anney et al. Nov. 9, 1943 2,671,587 Vogt Mar. 9, 1954 2,683,401 Smith July 13, 1954 2,689,506 Bagnall Sept. 21, 1954 2,758,517 Brightwell Aug. 14, 1956

Claims

1. APPARATUS FOR APPLYING LENGTHS OF ADHESIVE TAPE ALONG THE EDGES OF THE MOUTHS OF BAG SECTIONS, COMPRISING A SUPPLY TRACK ADAPTED FOR THE SUPLY OF SAID BAG SECTIONS, MEANS FOR FEEDING SAID BAG SCTINS ONE BY ONE FROM SAID TRACK, THE SUPPLY TRACK BEING OPEN AT ONE END THEREOF TO ALLOW THE MOUTH EDGES OF THE BAG TO EXTEND FROM SAID TRACK SECTONS TO A SEALING POSITION FOR SAID CONTROLLED POSITIONS, FIRST MEANS CONNECTING SAID CONTROL MEMBER TO SAID ADJUSTBLE DIAPHRAGM WHEN SAID CONTROL MEMBER IS SET TO SAID MANUALLY CONTROLLED POSITION, A MOVABLE MEMBER, SECOND MEANS LINKING SAID MOVABLE MEMBER TO SAID EXPOSURE METER TO CONTROL THE MOTION OF SAID MOVABLE MEMBER AT LEAST PARTLY BE SAID EXPOSURE METER, THIRD MEANS LINKING SAID MOVABLE MEMBER TO SAID ADJUSTABLE