US3125516A - Peripheral discharge sludge collection centrifugal drum - Google Patents

Peripheral discharge sludge collection centrifugal drum Download PDF

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US3125516A
US3125516A US3125516DA US3125516A US 3125516 A US3125516 A US 3125516A US 3125516D A US3125516D A US 3125516DA US 3125516 A US3125516 A US 3125516A
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drum
zone
collection
zones
solids
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
    • B04B—CENTRIFUGES
    • B04B1/00—Centrifuges with rotary bowls provided with solid jackets for separating predominantly liquid mixtures with or without solid particles
    • B04B1/10—Centrifuges with rotary bowls provided with solid jackets for separating predominantly liquid mixtures with or without solid particles with discharging outlets in the plane of the maximum diameter of the bowl
    • B04B1/12—Centrifuges with rotary bowls provided with solid jackets for separating predominantly liquid mixtures with or without solid particles with discharging outlets in the plane of the maximum diameter of the bowl with continuous discharge

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  • the present invention relates to a centrifuge drum arrangement for centrifuging material to separate a lighter fraction from a heavier fraction of material being centrifuged, and more particularly to such a drum having at least two peripheral annular collection zones axially disposed one above the other for collecting outwardly centrifuged material, and nozzle means for discharging peripherally collected sludge or heavier fraction material.
  • Peripheral discharge drums are known, and such drums are used for separating a heavier fraction, such as a heavier liquid or a solid, from a lighter fraction, such as a lighter liquid.
  • the drum is provided with a plurality of spaced apart axially positioned separator discs or cones for efiecting the separation of the lighter fraction from the heavier fraction of material being centrifuged.
  • the lighter fraction is usually inwardly directed towards the axis of the drum whereby the same may be discharged from the drum from an axially positioned outlet.
  • a sludge discharge chamber or zone is located radially outwardly out of the separator zone, containing the separator discs or cones.
  • the top and bottom walls of the drum outwardly converge to form a nozzle-containing periphery.
  • an annular groove or sludge discharge collection chamber is defined along the interior of the drum radially outwardly of the separator discs.
  • the nozzles communicate the sludge collection zone with the exterior of the drum so that, if desired, a sludge heavier fraction may be continually discharged from the drum during centrifugal action. It is a common expedient to employ a portion of the liquid in the material being centrifuged as conveying medium for the sludge solid particles in order to achieve the effective discharge of such sludge material through the nozzles peripherally disposed about the drum.
  • the top wall downwardly and outwardly converge with the bottom wall which upwardly and outwardly extends to form an apex therewith.
  • an angle of slope of the sludge discharge chamber must be present which will ensure the easy passage through the nozzles of the material to be discharged in this manner.
  • the angle of inclination of the'top and bottom walls of the drum with respect to the drurn axis must be greater than the natural angle of slope of the solids being centrifuged, i.e. the angle necessary for permitting the solids to slide radially outwardly to the nozzle openings along the periphery of the drum.
  • Centrifugal operations of the foregoing type contemplate the recovery through the discharge nozzles of solids in as highly a concentrated form as possible, and the recovery of the carrier liquidor lighter liquid fraction through an axial discharge outlet in a form as clear and free from solids as possible.
  • the total nozzle cross-sectional area must be comparatively small, while for attaining a clear lighter fraction of liquid through axial discharge outlets, the total cone or disc surface area of the separator discs in the separator zone must be comparatively large.
  • the interior space of the drum is determined in magnitude not only by the diameter of the drum but also by the aforementioned angle of inclination of the top and bottom walls of the drum.
  • the interior space of the drum must also be divided into a radially inward separator zone containing the axially disposed separator discs or cones, and a radially outward sludge discharge collection zone.
  • the number of nozzles and the size and number of the spaced apart separator discs must be adjusted with respect to one another such that the diameter of the separator discs does not exceed a certain value so as to extend into the annular sludge discharge collection zone.
  • the discs or cones in the separator zone may be provided with a larger diameter. It will be appreciated that the combination of a small number of nozzles along the drum periphery and a large diameter for the discs or cones of the separator zone may not be achieved in practical operations due to the foregoing drawbacks. As a consequence, it is not always possible to obtain, in addition to a sludge solids recovery in high concentration, a desirably clarified lighter liquid fraction containing little or no solids suspended therein.
  • the number of nozzles and the diameter size of the separator discs or cones may be quite specifically defined.
  • the nozzles in order to obtain as high as possible a concentration of the solids being centrifuged and as far as possible a clarification of the carrier liquid therefor, the nozzles must be provided with small cross sectional flow areas while the separator discs or cones must be stacked closely together in the normal manner yet have a maximum diameter allowing a clearance between the separator zone and the collection zone radially outwardly thereof.
  • the concentration of the solids does not depend upon the total nozzle cross-sectional flow area alone, but also depends upon the concentration or content of solids in the material being centrifuged as well as the throughput capacities of the particular drum. It may be said, therefore, that large total nozzle cross-sectional flow area, low solids content or concentration in the material being centrifuged and low throughput capacity result in a low concentration of recovered solids.
  • small total nozzle cross-sectional area, high solids content or concentration of the material to be centrifuged as well as high throughput capacity result in the attaining of a sludge discharge product having high concentration of solids therein.
  • the clarifying or clearing capacity of the lighter or liquids fraction of the material being centrifuged in the drum depends not only upon the amount of total surface area of the cones or discs, but also upon the throughput capacity of the particular drum. Additionally, the difference in the specific weight between the carrier liquid or lighter fraction and the solids or heavier fraction will definitely influence the separation operation as is well known. Significantly, an increase in the throughput capacity of the drum influences favorably the concentration of the solids although at the same time it influences unfavorably the clarifying or clearing effect upon the carrier liquid or lighter fraction.
  • the solids fraction or sludge peripherally discharged from the drum must be further concentrated in another step such as by means of an after-connected second separator drum or by recycling a portion of the concentrate peripherally discharged from the drum back into the drum for further separation effect and concentration.
  • FIGURE 1 is a cross-sectional view of a centrifugal d drum arrangement in accordance with the present invention, illustrating details of construction
  • FIGURE 2 is a partial schematic sectional view taken along the lines IIII of FIGURE 1,
  • FIGURE 3 is a sectional view of a further embodiment of the invention.
  • FIGURE 4 is a partial schematic view of portions of collection zones axially disposed one above the other in the manner indicated in FIGURE 3.
  • an efiicient centrifuge drum arrangement for centrifuging material including a rotatable drum having at least two peripheral annular collection zones axially disposed one above the other for collecting outwardly centrifuged material, a plurality of spaced apart outlet nozzle means disposed along the drum periphery for peripherally discharging collected material, and a corresponding plurality of spaced apart separate conduit means for each of the zones, a separate conduit means for one of the zones and a separate, corresponding conduit means for the other of the zones jointly radially outwardly communicating with a common outlet nozzle means therefor.
  • the spaced apart outlet nozzle means are defined in a carrier ring peripherally disposed on the rotatable drum.
  • Each of the annular collection zones is defined by a pair of radially outwardly directed walls converging at their radially outermost portions so as to form a common apex.
  • the conduit means advantageously pass to the nozzles in the carrier ring from the common apex.
  • the rotatable drum is provided with a radially inward separation zone containing a plurality of separator discs axially disposed in spaced relation one above the other for separating a lighter fraction from a heavier fraction of material centrifuged in the drum.
  • Radially outwardly disposed with respect to the separation zone are at least two peripheral annular collection zones axially positioned one above the other for collecting the outwardly centrifuged heavier fraction material.
  • Each of the collection zones is constructed to define a groove of V-shaped cross section wherein the apex of the V of each groove is radially outwardly directed while the free ends of the V are radially inwardly directed.
  • the free end of one groove and the corresponding free end of the next adjacent groove together form a radially inwardly directed common apex.
  • the plurality of spaced apart outlet nozzles are disposed along the drum periphery and communicate with the drum interior by means of a corresponding plurality of spaced apart conduit means passing to the respective collection zones along the apex of the V of the groove in each particular collection zone.
  • a separate conduit means for one zone and a separate conduit means for another zone adjacent thereto in axial direction together jointly communicate with a common outlet nozzle therefor.
  • each separate conduit means which jointly communicates with a corresponding nozzle includes a pair of spaced apart separate passages converging from the apex of the V of the groove in the particular collection zone to a common channel jointly communicating with the nozzle therefor.
  • a drum construction may be provided which permits, for a given drum diameter and a given number of nozzles or a given flow cross-sectional area of the nozzles, an increase in the total separator disc surface area as 'well as an increase in the throughput capacity of the drum.
  • an increased capacity of the drum may be achieved.
  • outlet means are provided in each of the collection zones which jointly communicate with a common nozzle means. These outlet means may comprise in each instance one or more separate passages which converge to the common joint connection with the nozzle therefor.
  • the construction in accordance with the present invention may be achieved only by increasing the axial height of the drum so that a larger number of discs or cones may be provided in the separator zone whereby at equal speeds of drum rotation, the throughput capacity may be increased.
  • the separator discs or cones may have even larger diameters. 'It will be appreciated, that one cannot merely extend the diameter of the drum outwardly so as to accommodate a larger capacity since diminishing effects occur and greater stresses are placed upon the rotating parts than would be desirable. To avoid this, the number of revolutions per unit time would have to be decreased, but this measure will also adversely influence the quality of separation with the drum.
  • each said zone has been provided with separate nozzle means for discharging the sludge collected in the particular zone.
  • each zone is provided with a peripherally disposed carrier ring containing spaced apart nozzle means therein. Therefore, while the separator disc or cone area might be increased with the use of a plurality of spaced apart axially positioned separate collection zones, as has been done heretofore, the total nozzle flow cross-sectional area correspondingly increased therewith, such that the problem of attaining highly concentrated solids was still beset with the known difliculties.
  • FIGURE 1 shows a centrifugal drum having a bottom wall 1 extending from the drum axis outwardly and downwardly at la and then outwardly and upwardly at lb to the peripheral portion of the drum whereupon said wall inwardly and upwardly extends back towards the drum axis at 1c.
  • the top wall 2 extends outwardly and downwardly, the same being connected to the inwardly and upwardly directed portion is of bottom wall 1 by means of connecting ring 3. It will be appreciated, however, that top wall 2 may extend, if desired, directly outwardly to the peripheral portion of the drum whereby the same will connect with the bottom wall portion thereat.
  • a plurality of axially disposed spaced apart separator discs or cones 4 are provided defining a radially inwardly disposed separation zone.
  • Radially outwardly thereof are a pair of peripheral sludge collection and discharge zones 6a and 6b, said zones being axially adjacent one another.
  • Zone 6b is defined by the top interior wall lc of the drum and the top portion of the annular projection 5 while the zone 6a is formed by the lower interior drum wall lb and the lower portion of projection 5.
  • Each chamber or collection zone 6:: and 6b assumes the cross sectional shape of a V-groove having its apex peripherally directed and the free ends of the V directed radially inwardly.
  • a carrier ring 11 is provided along the eriphery of the drum outwardly enclosing the side wall thereat.
  • the carrier ring contains a plurality of spaced apart nozzles ill.
  • the collection zone 61) is provided with passages 8 while the collection zone 6a is provided with passages 7.
  • a passage 7 and a passage b is disposed within projection 5 adjacent each nozzle 10, said passages 7 and 8 jointly communicating with nozzle ill) at one end and separately communicating with their respective collection zones at the other end.
  • Carrier ring ll is suitably provided with packing rings 13 and 14 to prevent the seepage of carrier liquid or sludge material therepast along the surface connections between carrier ring ll and the peripheral side wall of the drum defined by the rearward face of projection portion 5.
  • the normal upward limit of the drum in accordance with conventional constructions is indicated by the dotted line N.
  • the portion of the drum above this point would be absent from a conventional drum since such drum could not attain the axial height which is possible to attain in accordance with the instant construction.
  • the broken line N illustrates the maximum size of the drum interior space, at the same diameter and angle of inclination of the top and bottom walls defining the collection zone, which may be achieved without the projection 5 serving to axially increase the collection zone of the drum. It will be seen that the axial height of the drum interior, and in turn of the stacked separator discs in the separator zone, is increased by about 35% due to the presence of the projection 5.
  • FIGURE 2 illustrates the point more clearly.
  • a solids wedge A extending radially inwardly to the tip B of the cones or discs 4, occupies the collection zone along the periphery between respective nozzles it) which are disposed radially outwardly thereof in carrier ring il.
  • eight equidistantly spaced nozzles 10 are provided in carrier ring 11 along the periphery of the drum for communicating with the collection zone through conical passages 8 in the drum wall.
  • the separator cones or discs 4 would have to be provided with a correspondingly decreased diameter, although this would be compensated for by an increase in the number of discs in axial direction by reason of the increase in axial height of the drum. Nevertheless, by providing the collection zones 6a and 6b with double the number of passages, i.e.
  • the diameter of the cones or discs 4 may be increased to some extent so long as they remain at a distance preventing the clogging of the separator zone by collected sludge wedges A It is seen that in accordance with the present construction, as opposed to the conventional construction, an increase in the number of separator discs or cones 4- may be achieved in axial direction as well as an increase in the diameter of such discs or cones, whereby the total separator surface of the discs or cones is increased markedly with a given or constant total nozzle cross sectional flow area.
  • FIGURE 3 illustrates an alternate embodiment of drum construction in accordance with the invention wherein three axially disposed collection zones or chambers 6a, 6b, and 6c are provided, positioned one above the other, in adjacent spaced relationship.
  • the provision for increased axial height of the drum interior is clearly seen in this embodiment.
  • Like parts have like reference numerals with respect to the embodiment of FIGURES 1 and 2, although in this instance the central channel 9 is provided for an intermediate collection zone 60 positioned between a pair of projection members 5a and 51), each of which, in turn, defines a further collection zone 6a or til; with the adjacent portion of the drum wall suitably sloped for this purpose.
  • FlGURE 4 is seen more clearly the axial and peripheral relationship between the plurality of separate collection zones 6a, 6b, and 60 as well as of the pair of passages 8a and 811 for the top chamber or zone 6b, the pair of passages 9a and 9b for the intermediate chamber or zone 6c, and the pair of passages 7a and 7b for the bottom chamber or zone 6a.
  • a set of these passages including a pair from each collection zone, communicates the respective zones with a common nozzle 10 located in the immediately adjacent carrier ring 11, peripherally disposed along the outer surface of the drum side wall defined by the base portions of projections 5a and 5b.
  • the nozzles 16, in accordance with the preferred embodiment of the invention are provided in a removable carrier ring 11 for ease in mounting, inspection, and cleaning of the same.
  • the carrier ring 11 may be mounted upon the shoulder 12 (see FIGURES l and 3) provided in the drum outer wall to prevent displacement of the ring.
  • the ring 11 is also provided with pins or set screws (not shown). The pins or set screws will prevent not only axial displacement but also rotational displacement of the ring 11 along the periphery of the drum.
  • the sealing rings 13 and 14 serve to seal the gap be tween the drum side wall and the carrier ring 11 during centrifugal operations.
  • the throughput capacity of the drum will be considerably increased thereby permitting a higher concentration of separated solids or sludge to be achieved as well as a considerable increase in the clarification capacity of the drum with respect to the carrier liquid or lighter liquids fraction treated therewithin. Therefore, with the drum construction in accordance with the invention, it is possible to centrifugally separate from suspension having low solids content, a sludge or solids material having a markedly higher concentration of solids therein as well as a carrier liquid in a form practically free from solids material. Moreover, in suspensions having a higher solids content, the drum construction in accordance with the invention renders possible a considerable increase in the throughput capacity wherein the individual nozzles are provided with a larger cross-sectional flow area than heretofore.
  • drum construction in accordance with the invention may be advantageously utilized for separating a solids fraction from a liquid fraction or carrier liquid for the solids
  • the drum construction may also be employed for effecting the separation of a liquid mixture into two components, i.e. a lighter liquids fraction and a heavier liquids fraction.
  • the lighter liquids fraction will be inwardly urged during centrifuging so as to be discharged through an axially disposed outlet while the heavier liquids fraction will be outwardly urged toward the peripheral collection zone whereupon such heavier liquids fraction will be peripherally discharged through the passages and nozzles disposed along the drum peripherally thereat.
  • Centrifuge drum arrangement for centrifuging material including a rotatable drum having a top wall, a bottom wall, a constant outside diameter axially elongated intermediate wall axially separating said top and bottom walls and a radially inward separation zone containing a plurality of separator discs axially disposed in spaced relation one above the other for separating a lighter fraction from a heavier fraction of material centrifuged in the drum, at least two peripheral annular collection zones radially outwardly disposed with respect to said separation zone and axially positioned one above the other for collecting outwardly centrifuged heavier fraction material, each said collection zone defining a groove of V-shaped cross section, the apex of the V of each said groove being radially outwardly directed and the free ends of the V being radially inwardly directed, the free end of one groove and the corresponding free end of the next adjacent groove forming a radially inwardly directed common apex, all of the sides of the V-shaped grooves having
  • each said separate tubular conduit means jointly communieating with a corresponding nozzle includes a pair of spaced apart separate passages converging from the apex of the V of the groove in each said collection zone to a common channel jointly communicating with the nozzle therefor.
  • each said collection zone is provided with eight tubular conduit means correspondingly equidistantly spaced around the drum periphery, a corresponding one of said conduit means from each said collection zone communicating the respective collection zone thereat with the corresponding nozzle therefor.
  • each said tubular conduit means includes a pair of peripherally spaced apart passages leading from the corresponding collection zone to the nozzle means therefor, all of the passages for a corresponding nozzle jointly communicating with said nozzle through a common channel.

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US3125516D 1960-03-14 Peripheral discharge sludge collection centrifugal drum Expired - Lifetime US3125516A (en)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DEW27451A DE1146451B (de) 1960-03-14 1960-03-14 Duesen-Schleudertrommel mit mehreren im Raum ausserhalb des Tellerpaketes uebereinanderliegenden Schlammtaschen

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Cited By (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3682374A (en) * 1970-06-04 1972-08-08 John E Joyce Outlet ports for a centrifuge
US3817446A (en) * 1973-01-08 1974-06-18 Kabe Inc Pitot pump with centrifugal separator
US3847327A (en) * 1973-06-04 1974-11-12 Kobe Inc Centrifugal separator
US3887133A (en) * 1972-12-18 1975-06-03 Niro Atomizer As Atomizer wheel for the atomization of slurries
US4015772A (en) * 1975-01-18 1977-04-05 Westfalia Separator Ag Continuously operating centrifuge drum for the sterilization of liquids
US4015773A (en) * 1975-02-04 1977-04-05 Alfa-Laval Ab Centrifuge for separating solids from liquids
US4983158A (en) * 1986-07-22 1991-01-08 Haemonetics Corporation Plasmapheresis centrifuge bowl
US5000730A (en) * 1986-06-16 1991-03-19 Ab Kompositprodukter S.K.-F.M. Screw joint
US20030054734A1 (en) * 2001-09-17 2003-03-20 William Mullee Preparation of high performance silica slurry using a centrifuge
US9682185B2 (en) 2010-11-23 2017-06-20 Haemonetics Corporation Apheresis bowl with improved vibration characteristics
US10894259B2 (en) 2016-03-08 2021-01-19 Gea Mechanical Equipment Gmbh Separator with a double-conical centrifuging chamber

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US2023762A (en) * 1930-11-11 1935-12-10 Fawcett Harold William Centrifugal separator
US2173580A (en) * 1936-02-21 1939-09-19 Fawcett Harold William Centrifugal separator
US2487364A (en) * 1943-04-22 1949-11-08 Superior Ab Automatically opening separator bowl
US2538529A (en) * 1945-12-18 1951-01-16 Komline Sanderson Eng Corp Centrifuge
US2599619A (en) * 1947-06-13 1952-06-10 Separator Ab Method and apparatus for centrifugal separation
US2636670A (en) * 1949-03-02 1953-04-28 Separator Ab Apparatus for centrifugal separation with the use of an auxiliary liquid
US2688437A (en) * 1947-12-04 1954-09-07 Saint Gobain Centrifugal separator
FR1224536A (fr) * 1958-06-16 1960-06-24 Westfalia Separator Ag Bol de centrifugeur avec évacuation périodique des matières solides essorées par des orifices d'écoulement prévus dans le pourtour de ce bol

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE559138C (de) * 1932-09-16 Ramesohl & Schmidt Akt Ges Schleudertrommel fuer Hefe
US1923454A (en) * 1926-07-13 1933-08-22 Merco Centrifugal Separator Co Method and apparatus for centrifugal separation

Patent Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2023762A (en) * 1930-11-11 1935-12-10 Fawcett Harold William Centrifugal separator
US2173580A (en) * 1936-02-21 1939-09-19 Fawcett Harold William Centrifugal separator
US2487364A (en) * 1943-04-22 1949-11-08 Superior Ab Automatically opening separator bowl
US2538529A (en) * 1945-12-18 1951-01-16 Komline Sanderson Eng Corp Centrifuge
US2599619A (en) * 1947-06-13 1952-06-10 Separator Ab Method and apparatus for centrifugal separation
US2688437A (en) * 1947-12-04 1954-09-07 Saint Gobain Centrifugal separator
US2636670A (en) * 1949-03-02 1953-04-28 Separator Ab Apparatus for centrifugal separation with the use of an auxiliary liquid
FR1224536A (fr) * 1958-06-16 1960-06-24 Westfalia Separator Ag Bol de centrifugeur avec évacuation périodique des matières solides essorées par des orifices d'écoulement prévus dans le pourtour de ce bol
US3081028A (en) * 1958-06-16 1963-03-12 Westfalia Separator Ag Periodic sludge discharging centrifugal drum separators

Cited By (15)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3682374A (en) * 1970-06-04 1972-08-08 John E Joyce Outlet ports for a centrifuge
US3887133A (en) * 1972-12-18 1975-06-03 Niro Atomizer As Atomizer wheel for the atomization of slurries
US3817446A (en) * 1973-01-08 1974-06-18 Kabe Inc Pitot pump with centrifugal separator
US3847327A (en) * 1973-06-04 1974-11-12 Kobe Inc Centrifugal separator
US4015772A (en) * 1975-01-18 1977-04-05 Westfalia Separator Ag Continuously operating centrifuge drum for the sterilization of liquids
US4015773A (en) * 1975-02-04 1977-04-05 Alfa-Laval Ab Centrifuge for separating solids from liquids
US5000730A (en) * 1986-06-16 1991-03-19 Ab Kompositprodukter S.K.-F.M. Screw joint
US4983158A (en) * 1986-07-22 1991-01-08 Haemonetics Corporation Plasmapheresis centrifuge bowl
US20030054734A1 (en) * 2001-09-17 2003-03-20 William Mullee Preparation of high performance silica slurry using a centrifuge
WO2003034804A2 (en) * 2001-09-17 2003-05-01 Advanced Technology Materials, Inc. Preparation of high performance silica slurry using a centrifuge
WO2003034804A3 (en) * 2001-09-17 2004-01-22 Advanced Tech Materials Preparation of high performance silica slurry using a centrifuge
US6802983B2 (en) * 2001-09-17 2004-10-12 Advanced Technology Materials, Inc. Preparation of high performance silica slurry using a centrifuge
US9682185B2 (en) 2010-11-23 2017-06-20 Haemonetics Corporation Apheresis bowl with improved vibration characteristics
US10155083B2 (en) 2010-11-23 2018-12-18 Haemonetics Corporation Apheresis bowl with improved vibration characteristics
US10894259B2 (en) 2016-03-08 2021-01-19 Gea Mechanical Equipment Gmbh Separator with a double-conical centrifuging chamber

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DE1146451B (de) 1963-03-28
NL120933C (xx)
NL260435A (xx)

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