US311924A - Machine foe rolling axles - Google Patents

Description

4 Sheets-Sheet 1.

(No Model.)

M. E. SHAY.

, SPINDLBS, AND OTHER METAL ARTICLES.

MACHINE FOR ROLLING AXLES Patented Feb. 10, 1885.

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WITNESS:

BY m, o-CL ATTORNEYS.

(No Model.) 4 Sheets-Sheet 2.

M. E. SHAY. MACHINE FOR ROLLING AXLES, SPINDLES, AND OTHER METAL ARTICLES.

No. 311,924. Patented Feb. 10,1885.

WITNESSES INYENTOR 02 'M/ BY ATTORNEYS.

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(No Model.) 4 SheetsSheet 3.

111. E. SHAY.

MACHINE FOR ROLLING AXLES, SPINDLES, AND OTHER METAL ARTIULES- No. 311,924. Patented Feb. 10, 1885.

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ATTORNEYS.

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(No Model.) 4 Sheets-Shet 4.v

M. E. SHAY.

MAOEINE EOE ROLLING AXLBS, SPINDLES, AND OTHER METAL ARTICLES- Nq. 811,924. Patented Feb. 10, 1-885.

WITNESSES: INVENTOR 6f JM BY Jig/1 44 ATTORNEYS.

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MARIE n. SHAY, or FORDHAM, ASSIGNOR TO MARY A. SEITZ, or new YORK, N. Y.

MACHINE FOR ROLLING AXLES, SPINDLES, AND OTHER METAL ARTICLES.

QPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 311,924, dated February 10*, 1885.

Application filed January 29, 1884.

1'0 ct ZZ whom, it may concern:

Be it known that I, MARIE E. SHAY, of Fordham, in the county of New York and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Machines for Forging Cylindrical, Shaped Articles, of which the iollowi'ng is a full,-clear, and exact description.

This invention is more especially designed for forging axles, spindles, and other metal articles of cylindrical or tapering shape, either solid or hollow, and will here be described more particularly with reference to such use.

It may also be used, however, for flat or square work.

The main object of the invention is to forge articles as above named without that waste of metal which naturally attaches to dropforging, and to provide for the work being. done expeditiously and generally at a single heat, as well as to insure a superior quality of work by giving twist to the fiber of the metal under the process of being drawn out or forged.

The invention consists in a novel method of and means for forging metal blanks by subjecting them to the action of a rotating die and a stationary or fiat die, the one of said dies being adjustable toward the other to give the necessary pressure, and the rotating die preferably having oblique corrugations or grooves on its acting surface, substantially as hereinafter described.

Reference is to be had to the accompanying drawings, forming part of this specification, in which similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts in all the figures.

Figure 1 represents a partly-broken plan view of a machine embodying my invention, with its parts constructed and arranged for making axles. Fig. 2 is a vertical longitudinal section of the same on the line at ."v in Fig. 1, and showing an axle-blank in the course of being shaped or forged by the machine. Fig. 3 is a front end view of the machine. Fig. 4.

is a vertical transverse section of the stationary die and a spring-follower used in connection therewith. Fig. 5 is a transverse vertical section of the machine on the line 3 y in Fig. 2, with the axle-blank under operation;

Tapering, and other (No model.)

part, mainly showing a modified construction of the stationary die for making flat or square work.

Referring in the first instance to the first five figures of the drawings, A is the bed-plate of the machine, of sufficient strength to resist any strain that may be thrown upon it, and of anysuitable shape or pattern.

B is a housing or main frame bolted on the bed A and of a hollow construction, extend-. ing throughout a considerable length of the bed A. In the upper part of this frame 13 is or may be formed a chamber to receive a loose flanged wheel or former, O, iitted to turn freely upon a stud, Z), suitably carried by and secured within the frame.

D is another frame, arranged to fit within the main frame B and to project at its base beyond it. At each end and intermediately of the length of this frame D are formed bearings or supports 0 c c for the main shaft E of the machine to rotate in. The base of the frame D is made inclining upwardly in a backward direction, as shown at cl (1, for the purpose of securing to said frame an up-anddown motion within upright corner-guides c e e c on the bed-plate, said motion being produced by means of a sliding wedge-plate, F, arranged to move horizontally in a longitud-inal direction on or in ways on the bedplate A and under the inclined base of the frame D by means of a screw, S, having its bearing in the stationary main frame B, and working in or through a nut or screw-threaded lug. f, attached to the wedge-plate F.

Upon the horizontal main shaft E, that has its bearings, as described, in the uprights c of the rising and falling frame D, is mounted a loose flanged wheel or former, G, in the same vertical plane as the upper wheel, 0, of which it is a counterpart. These wheels 0 O are driven by the frictional contact of the article and Fig. 6, a transverse vertical section in under operation or portion thereof in be- OlB'ZLXlG, to form a collar, g, on thaXle-blank G. "WVhere no such or other difference in diameter of the article to be forged is required,

then these wheels, that may be of any desired configuration on their peripheries, may be dispensed with Fast upon the main shaft E, next to the 5 wheel where such is used, is a cylindrical spirally-grooved steel roller, H, which may be of any required lengthlanddiaineter, and. secured on said shaft E, back of the main,

frame B, is aspur-gear, I. Next tothis spurgear I, on the same shaft E, is an arm or link,

J, fitted loosely upon said shaft and projecting laterally therefrom. The outer end of this loose arm J is constructed to fit freely within and is held in position or supported by a slot- 1 ted or hook-shaped bearing, h, on theupper end of a standard, K, mounted and securedon the bed-plate A.

Secured upon opposite ends ofa'shaft, 'earried the outer end'of the arm or link J, g 2 are a'sp'ur g'ear, L, and pinion M. The pinion M engages with the spur-gear I, and the gearwheel L with a pinion, N, fast upon aisleeve, 0, which is loose "upon the shaft E, and which has attached to it the belt-driven 2 pulley P, by which motion is communicated to the machine. Power beingfa'pplied to the pulley P "causes the pinion N on the leose 'a'r'd K, andisfree to slide or move therein, 4o thusadmitting of the frame D being raised.

and lowered, or, in other words, having a free up and down movement, without disturbing 'or interfering with the proper engagementof the connected gears. v Within a "recess in the main frame B, above or over the spirally-grooved roller H of the rising and falling frarneD, is secured, by keys or otherwise, the stationary die Q, which is or may be constructed with a lower'bac'k or lip, is, Fig. 3, that, as shown in Fig. 4, ma be constructed with a series of teeth, Z, for a similarly-toothed spring-follower, it, to work up within, and the toothed portion Z of which 'followerforms a continuation of the back 70 35 for the work under operation to rest against, and to prevent it from being worked out from between the statidnary dieQ and the rotating roller-die H by the action of the latter. Theback or stop 70 is arranged at a suitable 6o distance on the off side of the roller H from a verticalline or plane passing longitudinally 'throu'ghthe center of the roller, and the springfollower R is secured at its back end to a stand- 5 3 mm, Fig. 5, of themain frame B. Theforward and upper or free end of said springfollower R rests upon and extends the whole length, or thereabout, of the spirally-grooved indicated by arrow .2 in Fig. 5,,drawing the Furthermore, it should be observed roller H, in line with the back of the die Q, and said follower by its elasticity willadapt itself to varying heights of the roller, the teeth Z Z of the follower and fixed die working up. or down between each other andforming a barrier or wall for the work to hold it in place.

7 Prior to entering the blankaxle-blank G, 7 5

for instance-t0 be operated on, the wedgepiate F is drawn back by the screwS to lower the frame D, and so increase .the distance between the flat, or stationary die Q and the spirallygrooved roller or rotating die H suf- 8c ficiently'to receive the axle-blank G between them; Said blank, being properly heated, is

then inserted through an open guide, T, to its 1- place between said dies, in parallel relation, or thereab out, with the axis of the rotating die,

. 8 as shown in Figsg2, 3, and 5,an d the motion 5 of the'screw-S reversed to bring the'work up to its proper position and to maintain an upward pressure on the blank. The spirally corrugated or grooved roller-die H rotatesas 9O inner end of the blank G up against the back 7 of the upper "die, Q, and front end of its spring-'followerlt, thespirally-corrugated surface of the roller H acting obliquely on the fibers of the blank to give them twist as the same are extended or drawnout, much as or in the same manner as-rifle-barrels are 'made, thus adding materially t0 the toughness ofthe blank. During this action the upward pressure of the rotating die H is continued, and the portion of the axle-blank under operation IOO between the dies is forged to shape and reduced from the size represented for it by full lines, Fig, 5, to that shown for it by dotted lines, same figure, the spring-follower Rclosingwithin the back 70 of the fixed die to maintain the integrity of the back support or stop for "the work as the roller-die is raised, and by working with the roller the follower establishes a downward extension of said step for the work as it is introduced to the machine. The blank G is of course rotated while being operated on by thedies, motion being given to it by the corrugated roller H, and a sufficient resistance being thrown upon it by the fixed die Q to cause the corrugated surface of the roller to crush into the metal, and thereby produce at the same time both a rotary motion of the blank and drawing action on the metal, which, by the continued upward pressure given by the up movement of the rotating die, will speedily reduce the blank to any required size, and give it a true orproper shape without unduly straining the fibers of the metal, after which the motion of the screw S is reversed to lower the frame D, whenthe forged blank may be removed and a new heated blank inserted to continue the work. i 7 During the forging. of the blank, as described, the loose wheels 0 G will operate to form the collar 9 on the blank, or any number of collars may be so formed, and they may be of any desired shape; or, as hereinbefore men IIO tioned, for plain work they-:may bealtogether or tapering articles may be made with the same facility and in the same manner as solid articles of like exterior configuration, -it only being necessary to introduce within the hollow heated blank, when or before insertingit in the machine, a suitable arbor or mandrel.

The working-face of the roller-die may, instead of being corrugated throughout its length, be made smooth at its end, as shown at r, forthe purpose of giving a smooth fin ish to the work, by subjecting it to the action of such part after it has been drawn out, or as surface of the roller.

The upand down motion of the frame D, carrying'the rotating die H, may either be effected automatically or by hand or by foot, as desired. Thusit mightbedone by a footlever, from which .the operator would raise his foot whenrequired-to drop the roller-.die sufficiently to introduce the work, and afterward, as said roller rotatcstoward the operator, applying his foot to'the lever with any required 'keep it forced up against the blank; In the drawings, however,an automatic feed of the rollerdie is shown. Thus upon the loose sleeve O is an eccentric, A, the rod a of which is made to vibrate an. adjustable or slotted lever, 1), upon a rock-shaft, c, that carries an arm, d. This arm is connected by alink, c, with a rock ing T-lever,f, that has its fulcrum above at g in a slotted support, 71, and has its upper opposite side arms connected, respectively, with links i i", the one of which, i, is pivoted at its outer end to the support h, while the other link, i is connected at its outer end with a sliding bar, is. In this way thelever f, the fulcrum g of which is free to slide in the slot of the fixed support it, is connected with said support and with the-sliding bar It by a double knucklejoint. This sliding bar carries two pawls, Z m, which engage alternately with reverse ratchet-wheels B B, of different diameters, fast on the screw S, the pawl Z en gaging with the larger ratchet-wheel, B, to give the rising or feeding motion to the rollerdie H, and the pawl m engaging with the smaller ratchet wheel, B", to give a quicker return or back motion to the screw and corresponding drop to the frame carrying the rollerdie.

Upon the sliding bar is another sliding bar, it, having one of its ends in gear with a 'n,=in .:the one-direction it throws the pawl m into engagement with the ratchet-wheel B to quickly work back the screw S and drop the rotating die H, and at the same time, by the finger 0, lifts the pawl Z from engagement that the rotating die H will be raised to the Q-necessary height to complete the work and {afterward lowered sufficiently to introduce anotherheated blank to the machine, giving i the operatorvan opportunity in the interval to Fattend to, .his fire and. keep severalblanks heated at the same time, and so expedite the work doneby the machine. it is being drawn-out from off the corrugated When doing flat or square workinstead of rounded, as hereinbefore described, the fixed dieQ-should be nade plain on its face, like {that of an an il that,;i without any pro- ;jecting back piece or angular, extension, as

siown in Fig. 50f the drawings 'and the blank G be entered between said dle a-nd the rotating roller H, which will be forced up to the In some cases,-=instead of the rotary die H being, moved up and down, the resistance-die Q maybe raised orlowered srelativelyto the' rotary die, or both dies may be so adjusted.

I am aware that it is not new to roll metal blanks between suitably-shaped rotary and fixed dies, said dies having properly-shaped concavities or projections for imparting the desired shape to the article, and I do not desire to claim any such construction as of my invention; but I am not aware that a forgingmachine has ever been constructed in which a spirally corrugated or grooved rotary die was used.

The advantage of this particular form of die is,-that owing to the constant indentation and work,jas hereinbel'ore;;descri.bed, and will feed or pass the blank in between it and the fixed "die,

amount of pressure to raise the roller-die and flattening of the'surface of the barby the frictional contact of the spirally-corrugated rotary die, a very highly-refined surface is produced, and one at the same time havinggreat strength.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. In mechanism for forging metal articles, the combination of arotating die, having spiral corrugations or grooves on its outer or acting surface,with a non-rotating resistancedie and the means, substantially as set forth, for adjusting said rollerdie, and both being arranged for operation upon the heated blanks as the same are passed or held between the dies, essentially as described.

2. In mechanism for forging solid or hollow cylindrical articles, the combination of a plain or fiat resistance-die, having a stop at the back end for holding the blank in its place, with a corrugated or obliquely grooved rotary die and the means, substantially as set forth, for adjusting said roller-die, and both being arranged for operation upon the heated blank under arrest by the stop, substantially as specified.

3. In a machine for forging cylindrical articles, solid or hollow, the combination of the stationary resistance-die Q, having a rear stop or back extension, k, and the rotary rising and falling roller-die H, constructed with spiral or oblique corrugations on its acting surface, essentially as and for the purpose here-- in-set forth.

4. In a'machine for forging cylindrical metal articles, the combination, with the fixed resistance-die Q, having a hack projection or. stop, k, of the-spring-follower R, constructed to co-operate with said stop, and the rotary rising and falling roller-die H, constructed with spiralcorrugations or grooves on its periphery, essentially as described.

5. In amachine for forging cylindrical metal articles, the combination, with the rotating die H, of the frame D, carrying the same, the

sliding base wedge plate or device F, for raising and lowering-said frame, and the means, substantially as described, for operating the wedge plateor device, substantially as speci- 'fied.

6. The combination of loose wheels or form ers C Q with the rising and falling rotary die H and non-rotating resistance-die Q, essentially as and for the purpose herein set forth.

7. The combination, with the rotary forging-die H and its rising and falling frame D, of the shaft E, the spur-wheel I thereon, the loose sleeve 0, pulley P and pinion N, the fixed open-mouthed standard K, shaft 2', pinion M, wheel L, and the loose link or arm J, connecting the shafts E and i, substantially as specified.

8. The combination of the fixed outer main frame, B, the inner rising and falling frame, D, the forging rotary die H, carried by said inner frame, and the means, substantially as described, for raising and lowering the same, essentially as specified.

9. The combination, with the rising and falling rotary die H and the; non-rotating resistance-die Q, of the means, substantially as described, for automatically raising and lowering the die H, substantially as specified.

10. The combination, with the rotary forging die H, its rising and falling frame D, and the main shaft E, of the sliding base wedgeplate F, the screw S, the eccentric A and rod a, the lever b, the rock-shaft c, the arm d, link e, and lever f, having a sliding fulcrum, g, the slotted support h, the links 2" i, the sliding bar 1;, the upper pawl, l, and lower pawl, m", provided with a finger, o, the reversing ratchet-wheels B B on the screw S,

and the tripping-slide n, substantially as and for the purposes herein set forth.

MARIE E. SHAY.

Witnesses: I & EDGAR TATE, ALFRED H. DAVIS.

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