US31176A - Island - Google Patents

Description

lUNIED `STATES PATENT OFFICE.

BENJ. F. KNOWLES, OF PROVIDENCE, RHODE ISLAND.

HARNESS-MOTION FOR LOOlVIS.

Specification of Letters Patent No.

To all whom t may concern:

Be it known that I, BENJAMIN F. KNowLEs, of Providence, in the county of Providence and State of Rhode Island, have li-nvented a new and useful Improvement in -the Harness-Motion of Power-Looms; and

I do hereby declareA that the following is va full, clear, and exact description of the same, reference being ,had :to the accompanying drawings, forming part of `this speciiication, in which- Figures l, and 2, are vertical sections at right angles to each other .of a power loom for plain weavinghaving my improvement applied.' Fig. 3, is a horizontal section of the same. Fig. 4 exhibits a projection of the harness cam in a plane form.

Similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts' in the several figures.

My invention consists in a novel system of cones of pulleys for supporting and operating .the lharness whereby several imporytant,advantages are obtained as will be hereinafter specified.

It also consists in certain means of producing a slower movement of the harness at the time of crossing the sheds, as compared with the greater portion .of its movement whereby I am enabled lto vdrive the loom at a y higher velocity that is to say to make a greater number of picks per minute without increased liability of doing injury to the warp at the time of crossing the shed.

To enable others to make and use my invention I will proceed to describe its construction and operation.

A, is the main framing of the loom; B, is the crank shaft; C, the cam shaft, and I), the lay all constructed and arranged in the usual manner.

E', is a fixed rail extendingacross the lower part of the framing for the purpose of carrying the axles a, a, of two cones of pulleys F, F.

G, Gr, are two harness stands erected upon the side trames of the loom for the purpose of carrying the axles d, d, oftwo cones oi' pulleys H, H, which are similar to F, F, each cone consisting of tourk pulleys c1, c2, c3, c4, one for each of the four leaves of harness. The axles a, a, and (l, d, are horizontal and parallel with the warp and with the planes of vibration of the lay. and the smallest pulleys o1, c1, are next the front of the loom and the larger ones nearer to the back of the loom according to their size, the largest o4, o4, being nearest to the back.

31,176, aated'aanuary 2a, 1861.

The .two lower lcones of pulleys F, F, are at equal .distances from the center of the loom and `the two upper ones H, H, are situated one directly over each of F, F.

b1, b1, Z22, b2, 3, b3, o4, Zit, are'the heddle straps four of which Z217, b2, 3, b4, connect the pulleys c1, 0-, c3, c4, of the cone F, with the corresponding pulleys .of the other cone H, .the said straps being secured to thesaid pulleys and running on the said pulleys in opposite directions alternately from back ,to front, .that is to say, the straps b1, 1, b3, b3, ruiming up and .down from and to the .outer sides of their respective pulleys 01, o1,

c3, c3, and straps b2, b2, and b4, b4, running up and down from and to the sides of their respective pulleys o2, o2, and o4, o4, so that while b1, 1, and b3, b3, are ascending and carrying up .their two respective leaves of heddles b2, b2, and b4, 294, are descending and carrying down their respective leaves of heddles. The heddles are not shown, as their rails are connected with `the heddle straps in substantially the same manner as in other power looms.

Each of Jthe llower cones of pulleys F, F, .has secured to yit .one of two pulleys e, e, which are connected bycrossed vbelts f, f, attached securely to their peripheries, and one of these belts is connected withl a horizontally vibrating lever I, which works upon a stationary fulcrum g, near the back of the loom. This lever carries an antifriction roller It, which works in the groove z', of a cam J, on theshaft C. Every revolution'of this cam produces one vibration back and forth of the lever I, and the said lever act-A ing through the bands f, f, produces a rocking or reciprocating rotary motion of the two pulleys e, e, and their attached cones of pulleys F, F, and these latter operate the heddle straps, the upper cones of pulleys H, H, being moved by the straps in a manner corresponding with the lower ones F, F. The advantage of this arrangement of cones and pulleys is that while every leaf of harness has a movement proportioned to its distance from the filling point so that every shed is opened to the same width at the point where the shuttle passes through it, the harness stands are open at the top, permitting the weaver standing in front toattend to the back part of the loom without going around. The arrangement is especially advantageous when four leaves of harness are used-in plain weaving as it allows alter4 nate leaves to be raised simultaneously instead of raising the two more forward ones together and the two backward ones, so that the operation is practically equivalent to using only two leaves. Another advantage consists in theA facility afforded for the drawing in of the web without any mistake, as the thread can be drawn in from the back to the front leaf of the heddles one after the other, instead of one thread through the first leaf the next through the third, the next through the second and the next through the fourth.

The retardation of the movement of the harness at the time of the crossing of the shed is produced by the peculiar construction of the groove z', of the cam J, as illustrated in Fig. 4. In this gure, 5 and 6 indicate the points in the groove where the full throw of the lever, and the full opening of the shed are produced and 7,' 7 the points where the roller is at the middle of the stroke vof the lever when the crossing of the shed is taking place. It will be observed that for a short distancel from either side of the points 7, 7, the inclination of the groove from the plane of rotation of the cam is very slight, compared with the inclination of the parts on either side of it, and consequently the movement of the lever, as this point approaches, passes and leaves the roller, will be very slow, and hence the movement of the harness at the time of crossing the shed will bevery slow and the several rising and falling threads of the warp will be enabled to pass each other without interfering or breaking. The retardation at this stage of the operation of the harness so far from neces-4 per minute than when the shed crosses at the` same velocity as the earlier and later portions of its opening and closing movements.

I do not claim of itself the suspension of the harness straps from pulleys of uniform size having their axes parallel with the vibrations of the lay, nor do I claim of itself the giving of the several leaves of heddles a greater or less amountof movement according to their distance from the lilling point of the cloth; but

Vhat I do claim as my invention and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

l. The employment, for supporting and operating the harness, of cones of pulleys arranged with their axes parallel with the vibrations of the lay and the larger pulleys of the cones toward the rear of the loom BENJ. F. KNOIVLES.

Vitnesses LEw BENDR, M. M. LiviNGs'roN.

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