US3117475A

US3117475A - Pneumatic ironing and peening tool

Info

Publication number: US3117475A
Application number: US175161A
Authority: US
Inventors: Anders Albert
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1962-02-23
Filing date: 1962-02-23
Publication date: 1964-01-14
Anticipated expiration: 1981-01-14

Description

Jan. 14, 1964 A. ANDERS 3,117,475

PNEUMATIC IRONING AND PEENING TooL Filed Feb. 23, 1962 lill UNH l V 4i Mil INVENTOR, 0 ,4L BERT ANDERS,

g BY 52 75,2% 9* l ,f

FIG. 5. 7Z1 ATTORNEY United States atetit vliice llhdii Piented aan. is, tasa The present invention relates to a pneumatic ironing and peening tool for metal work. The invention contemplates a tool which maybe held in the palm of the hand and which may be manipulated so as to iron or peen metal in what may generally be considered as an inaccessible location. As an example, I may mention the metal wing of an airplane. If a section such as a panel of the metal wing should become damaged, itfis generally required that the damaged section be entirely removed from the wing structure in order to repair the same. With the present invention, it is generally possible to Vremove an inspection window in the wing structure and place the arm therein,vthe hand carrying the tool of the present invention and to repair the damaged area without the necessity of removing the panel. In speaking of damaged areas, I have reference to structures which have been damaged by falling objects or by the airplane wing striking some object which damages'the wing covering.

The device of the invention, by being compact, may be used where the ordinary peening tool or metal shaping and ironing tool cannot be used.

An object of the invention is to provide a compact ironing and kpeening tool which is pneumatically operated and in which the tool is so formed as to provide portions acting as an ironing and shaping tool.

A'further object is the provision of an ironing and peening tool for metal work which is easily assembled or repaired, efficient in operation, which will perform work with dispatch, easily manipulated and generally superior to devices now known to the inventor.

With the above mentioned and other objects in View, including simplicity of structure, inexpensiveness in cost of manufacture, and general eiliciency, the invention consists in the novel and useful provision, formation, construction, assoclation, and relative arrangement of parts, members and features, all as shown in one embodiment in the accompanying drawing, described generally, and more particularly pointed out in the claims.

ln the drawing:

FIGURE l is a fragmentary, partially sectional front elevation of the device or the invention;

FIGURE 2 is a 'Eragnlentary sectional view on the line 2 2 of FIGURE 2, and showing the device of the invention engaging work;

FIGURE 3 is a fragmentary, sectional view similar to that of FIGURE 2, certain of the parts being in moved relationship from that of FIGURE 2;

FIGURE 4 is a fragmentary, sectional view on the line 4 4. of FIGURE 2; and

FIGURE 5 is a fragmentary, sectional View, on an enlarged scale, and illustrative of the spacing between certain elements ofthe invention.v

The invention includes a substantially cylindrical -mernber I having a closed end 2 of convex form to provide a shaping or ironing head, the opposite end olf the casing being open. In this particular, the interior of the housing or casing from the open end is provided with a series of spaced annularly arranged eccentric bores designated generally as 3, the hores terminating inward of the head 2 and likewise provided with an enlarged axial bore 4 having one end terminating inward from the head 2 and functioning as a cylinder. The casing or housing is provided with a concentric annular groove 5 which extends inwardly from the open end of the casing or housing and transversely cuts the eccentric series of bores 3, see FIG- URE 4. By this construction the wall 6' bounding the cylinder is of lesser depth than the outer cylindrical wall 7 of the casing or housing. The open end of the casing orhousing receives a cap 8 the inner Wall of the cap having two stepped annular portions 9 and l0, the portion l'adap-te'd to be received within the confines of the'lannular'groove 5 while the portion 9, provided with awashelr 11,`abuts the end of the wall 7 of the casing lor housing. d Screws l2 `are countersunk in the cap and vreceiyed inthra-ded bores in the casing or housing for holding-th'ecap and housing in working relationship as shown in`FIGU-RES 2 and 4.

n Within the cylinder' l is a piston 13. The head 14 of thepist'o-nis provided with a circular recess l5 and the end lo of the piston is provided with an axial bore I7 Ithu'sprovidin'g apiston skinting i711.

Apeening too-l or hammer I8 is received within the borel 17 of the piston. The peening tool includes an elongated cylindrical member provided with a rusto conical end`19' and'having longitudinal diametrically arranged -flat sides 20 and 2l. The shaping and ironing head 2. istormed with a central bore 22. which receives the peenin'g tool orhammer and the cylinder head is centrally provided with an annular flange 23 the bore offwhich is the same diameter as the bore` 22 and provides afu'rther bearing surface `for the peening tool or hammer. The peening tool or ham-mer is provided with a two flanged head, designated as 214 and 25. The flan-ge 24 is adapted to t within a circular groove 26 of the piston. A coil spring 27 surrounds the peening tool or hammer and extends between the flanged head and the annular flange 23 for constantly'ur'gin-g the peening -tool inwardly of the head 2".

It is intended that the bore 212. and the bore of the annular liange 2.3 have llattened or breached areas for cooperation with the llattened sides 20 and 2l of the peenin'g tool or hammer to prevent rotation thereof when the hammer is reciprocated within said bores.

The piston -skirting 17a is provided with a circumferential groove 28 adapted to receive an @ning 29. This Grin-g hears against the cylinder wall. As shown in FIGURE 5 there is a slight spacing between the periphery of the piston and the cylinder wall of approximately .0025.

'The peening tool or hammer :I8` through the medium of `Ithe piston is pneumaticaliy operated. Thus, referring to FIGURE l, I have provided a valve Sil' which includes a housing 3l formed with a screw threaded tapered bore 32 for connection with a threaded nipple 33, the nipple being connected to a hose 34 leading to a source of compressed air. A double screw threaded iltting 3S connects to an extension 35 of the housing 3l and likewise with .the interior of the casing or housing 1, see FIG- URES 2 and 4. The interior of the valve housing is chambered at 37 and within the chamber is a valve head 38. The valve head mechanism includes a stem 39 having' a head tithe arrangement being such that when the head 4t? is pressed upon 1oy the linger to move the stem inwardly, the valve dl. unseats under opposing spr-ing pressure by spring 42 and allows air under pressure directed through the hose 34 to pass through .the chamber 37 and through coupling 35 into the casing or housing 1. When the valve head 38 closes, pressure air which has-moved the piston is bled through the valve housing and relieves pressure from the piston. I lay no claim to any particular valve structure for directing air under pressureinto the housing l and the particular valve shown is illustrative only.

The operation, uses and advantages of my invention are as follows.

First, I wish to point out that the casing or housing l as el or ironiriig 1tool diie to the hat or plane outersurface of the cati S,- th coiveiieuiae and t; e @funniest wan 7. Hence, it is witthe purview et' nryinvcnlti'cii to' turn the tool so that r ese s'itr'ia'ces' tjebro'ught against work lwheii necessary. Iii IGS 2 d 3 l havcshowii the convert surface i' in engage; L witlixsiieet iiietal:59 which requires rfnofiiiig or' shaping. Agaitist one surface of the sheet metal I have placed Aa Itoolhlwhich be an nv'i-i; a a lr'amrrir or other shaping tool: iii the present insta c' par? ticular tcolvhas a coni/'ex surface Wheii the head 4? presiede-saisir' by the segr er me n ne, the essie seasoning @aangaf nous ng tr sans diere'- ol with the convex surface 2 pressed against the? dd, opening the valve di to admit compressed air will move the piston 'and direct the peening tool or hammer outwardly ci" the bore i9 against the work Si?. In this respect it is to be observed that pressui air lenters the annular groove S and' likewise the eccentric botes te? accommodate a large volume of pressure air. The pistori head is within a central circular recess et) of the cap. Thus pressure air due to close tolerance er the pis-ton lor lcess 60 of the cap Will he di- Wall the periphery of the l stric'ted spacing therebetween, as shown yin FIU The o prevents the pressure an from pas L. y the eyitndef streed et die piston. Seiisequ'en'tlm the piston will 'start te inve slowly, and tfiif. siow is purely relative, as the stort will move within a fractibli l a 'scoid when the air' pressure is four to five hundred psi. to nioi'e tli piston head beyond the circular recess 'dil of the cap.- Before latter decors, considerabie pressure has built up within the' casing housing t he result that when the piston head is eitposzeii, the pist ill n te enter o h is iii'ved under considerable' pressure te denver SuedenI striking slew sy Vdie hammer or peesing tool i8 against the woi'l: Sil; The character of the peening tool or hammer is such as topforin what may be termed as a dim-ple in the work, as sliowii at 70. Quite obviously, if the end 'of the peening` tool or 'hainr is relatively pointed, the character of the limpie is changed. When the iinger releases the valve stem 39', air under' pressure to the tool is closed and the piston retracts with-V in the cylinder, being retracted by the spring 27. The action of the peening tool or hammer will depend, therefore, upon the rapidity with which the head 40 is actuated by the finger. By holding 4the convex surface 2 against the worn, the deformed portion of the work can rapidly he indentated or dimpled by the hammer or peening tool while the' convex surface 2 shapes the work.

A iinal smoothing of the work can be accomplished by rneans of any abrasive element such as by using a lile. Thus to return to the shaping of a Wing panel of an airplane, the -tool may be inserted through an inspection window within the wing structure with the convex suriface 2 bearing against the damaged area while a second shaping tool or iron may be applied to the external surface. Upon actuation of the hammer or peening tool a ;series of indentations or dimples are made in the Work which will straighten the damaged area and resto-re it to its original conliguration or form. Such an operation :saves the removing oi rivets and the complete removal of a panel of wing covering which is usually of duraluminum. Thus an expensive operation is unnecessary which at best is time consuming. It will probably be realized that the average tool `for shaping and ironing sheet metal is large and bulky and usually has two parts connected together by some form of bracket which does not lend ready adaptability of the tool for an ironing operation of sheet metal on the job. With my invention, the tool yis manipulated by the hand and held the palm of the hand. The hand and arm are more sensitive in the finding of the location to he ironed than are large tools, and as a consequence, I am able to sha-pe and iron sheet metal in various diiicult zones of accessibility not possible of accompiislfifnent with shaping and ironing tools now kno-wn to Easy accessibility to the working parts o the tool are afforded by removing the screws 12 to rclease the cap S iront the casing or housing whereupon the cyiinder and the piston may be removed and other parts inspected such as the peening tool or hammer. Ref assembly is equally' easy of accomplishment.

The ebores/,3 in conjunction with communicating groove`A 5 accomrtdaes an enlarged volume of pressure air and assures that the piston will drive the peening tool or i3 against work under high pressure. Furthermore the ingement of the :hores '3 reduces tool weight whiie not dctraciilig from its strength. As a result, worker fatigue yis not a factor? I claim:

l.- An ironing and peening -tool for sheet metal including shaping tool capable of being carried in the hand ot an operator' fer manually-controlled pressure against the sheet metal, including: a cylindrical casing, one end of which is provided with a convex surface to act as a shaping and ironing head, said cylindrical casing provided with an axiai cylinder yhaving a closed end adjacent the convex head and ad open end, the cylindrical casing formed with a circular recess concentric with the cylinder at the open end of the cylinder, a cap secured to the cylindrical casing and closing the open end of the cylinder and the circular recess, a piston within the cylinder, the piston having a head and the cap being provided with circular recess to receive with close tolerance a portion of piston head, the piston lformed with a skirting to provide a central core therein and facing the closed end of the cylinder, the external diameter of said skirt-ing being less than the internal diameter of the cylinder to pro-` vide a restricted spacing therebetween, there being an external annular groove on said skirti-ng and an O-ring positioned in the annular groove for contact with the cylinder, the shaping and ironing head of the cylindrical casing provided -Wi-th a central bore, a peening hammer slidably cornned in part within said central bore and the central bore of the piston and spring pressed against ythe lpiston head, means for admitting fluid under pressure into the circular recess of the cylindrical casing and the restricted spacing between the skirting and the cylinder to exert pressure on the O-ring and move the piston outwardly from the circular recess of the cap to expose the piston head to full air pressure to drive thc piston lhead forwardly and the peening tool through the ccntral bore of the shaping and ironing head.

2. The device as set forth in claim 1, characterized in that the cylindrical casing is internally provided with an annular series of spaced eccentric bores, all of which communicate with the circular recess of :the cylinder casing.

References Cited in the lc of this patent UNTED STATES PATENTS 1,934,979 Hopkins Nov. 14, 1933 2,148,943 Hauschild Feb. 28, 1939 2,346,532 Borm Apr. 11, 1944 2,483,626 Daku Oct. 4, 1949 2,490,254 Casazza Dec. 6, 1949 2,594,522 Thompson Apr. 29, 1952 2,664,773 Cain Jan. 5, 1954 2,747,444 Shepherd May 29, 19564 2,783,814 Hutchins Mar. 5,V 1957 2,823,646 Brown Feb. 18, 1958

Claims

1. AN IRONING AND PEENING TOOL FOR SHEET METAL INCLUDING A SHAPING TOOL CAPABLE OF BEING CARRIED IN THE HAND OF AN OPERATOR FOR MANUALLY-CONTROLLED PRESSURE AGAINST THE SHEET METAL, INCLUDING: A CYLINDRICAL CASING ONE END OF WHICH IS PROVIDED WITH A CONVEX SURFACE TO ACT AS A SHAPING AND IRONING HEAD, SAID CYLINDRICAL CASING PROVIDED WITH AN AXIAL CYLINDER HAVING A CLOSED END ADJACENT THE CONVEX HEAD AND AN OPEN END, THE CYLINDRICAL CASING FORMED WITH A CIRCULAR RECESS CONCENTRIC WITH THE CYLINDER AT THE OPEN END OF THE CYLINDER, A CAP SECURED TO THE CYLINDRICAL CASING AND CLOSING THE OPEN END OF THE CYLINDER AND THE CIRCULAR RECESS, A PISTON WITHIN THE CYLINDER, THE PISTON HAVING A HEAD AND THE CAP BEING PROVIDED WITH A CIRCULAR RECESS TO RECEIVE WITH CLOSE TOLERANCE A PORTION OF THE PISTON HEAD, THE PISTON FORMED WITH A SKIRTING TO PROVIDE A CENTRAL BORE THEREIN AND FACING THE CLOSED END OF THE CYLINDER, THE EXTERNAL DIAMETER OF SAID SKIRTING BEING LESS THAN THE INTERNAL DIAMETER OF THE CYLINDER TO PROVIDE A RESTRICTED SPACING THEREBETWEEN, THERE BEING AN EXTERNAL ANNULAR GROOVE ON SAID SKIRTING AND AN O-RING POSITIONED IN THE ANNULAR GROOVE FOR CONTACT WITH THE