US310667A - gilchbist - Google Patents

Description

(No Model.) 4 SheetS Sheet 2.,

D. GILOHRIST.

HOISTING APPARATUS. No. 310,667. Patented Jan. 13,1885

(No Model.) 4 Sheets-Sheet 3.

1).v GILGHRIST.

HOISTING APPARATUS..

No. 310,667; Patented Jan. 13, 1885.

JF'iJ k 27 7'0 7 Javca 22 6176; r225} 4 Sheets-Sheet 4L (No Model.

D. GILGHR IST. H'OISTING APPARATUS.

No. 310,667. Patented Jan. 13, 1885- um AWN DUNCAN GILCHRIST, OF ISHPEMING,

ATET anion.

MICHIGAN, ASSIGNOR OF ONE-HALF TO THE llIARINETTE IRON IVORKS COMPANY, OF ll'IARINETTE, \VIS.

HOISTING APPARATUS.

IsPiElC'IFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 310,667, dated January 13, 1885.

' Application filed December 20, 1883. (No model.) a

To (tZZ whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, DUNCAN GrLcnRrsr, a citizen of the United States, and residing at Ishpeming, in the county of Marquette and State of Michigan, have invented a certain new and useful Improvement in Hoisting Ap- 'paratus, which is fully set forth in the following specification, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, in whieh IO Figure 1 represents a plan view of a hoisting apparatus embodying my improvements; Fig. 2, a front elevation of the same on an enlarged scale,with the gearing and a portion of the frame at each end removed; Fig. 3, a

I5 cross-section of the same, taken on the line gr :0, Fig. 1, and on the same enlarged scale; and Fig. 4, a longitudinal section of the same, taken on the line y 1 Fig. 1, and on the same enlarged scale.

My invention relates to that classof niachines used in mines for hoisting ore therefrom; and with my improvements are combined some features of construction which are common in other machines of the same class, and which, though fully shown in the drawings to exemplify the application of my improvements, are not claimed as my invention.

The object of my invention is to provide mechanisms which are eflicicnt and effective to do the required work, and at the same time to secure simplicity of construction and ac cessibility to the different parts for renewal and repair; also,,to relieve the central portion of the driving shaft of all weight and wear,

as well as the strain caused by the raising of the ore-bucket upon the drum or spool; and also to maintain the hoisting drum or spool in a true central position with reference to 4 its revolution about its own axis when in the operation of hoisting.

One of the principal features of my invention consists in devices whereby power is applied to a drum or spool (of any suitable form,

and around which the hoisting-rope is coiled as the drum revolves) and causes itto revolve in the proper direction to raise the bucket or skip containing the ore up out of the mine, which being accomplished, the drum is released, so that it may revolve in the opposite 5o direction to permit the ore bucket or skip to be lowered again into the mine, the drum revolving loosely upon the driving-shaft, being controlled by a lowering brake of any approved form as the bucket descends.

A shaft supported by boxes resting on a base-plate, a loosely-revolving drum mounted thereon, a lowering brake, and gearing by which poweris imparted to the driving-shaft, are not new; nor are they claimed by me as a part of my invention, except as they stand in combination with the devices which I have invented for engaging the shaft with the drum or spool by which power is applied to the same, in order that it may be caused to revolve in the direction necessary to raise the ore-bucket out of the mine, and disengage the drum from the shaft for lowering the bucket.

I will proceed to describe one way in which I have embodied my invention in practical form, and will then point out more definitely in the claims the special improvements which I believe to be new, and wish to protect by Letters Patent.

In the drawings, A represents the baseplate of a hoisting machine, and B boxes which rest on the plate, and which support a suitable driving or drum shaft, C, mounted therein. A large spur-gear wheel, D, is socurely keyed to this driving shaft C, and a driving spur-pinion, E, is arranged to engage with this gear-wheel to impart motion thereto in one continuous direction. The drivingpinion is on the engine-shaft, or on some shaft having power imparted to it suffieient to do the work required.

A spool or drum, F, is mounted loosely on the driving shaft. and in general features is of any approved form of construction adapted to the winding of the hoisting-rope around 0 it in the operation of hoisting the ore bucket or skip. That part of the drum. which is changed from the ordinary construction in the application of my invention will be presently described.

A brake, G, is applied to the drum for the purpose of retaining it in a fixed position, or of controlling its rotation, when released, and.

permitted to revolve freely on the shaft to 'lower the ore bucket or skip into the mine.

This brake may be of any suitable and approved form of construction adapted to the purpose. In the drawings it is shown as a friction-band applied to a grooved rim of one end of the drum.

All of these parts mentioned thus far are common to hoisting-machines generally in use, and do not require more specific description here, it being understood, however, that in this statement I speak of the drum in a general way, and do not include some peculiarities of construction, which I will now proceed to'describe.

The main body of the drum is secured to iron-spoked flanges f by means of bolts f, one of these flanges being located at each end of the drum, and being fitted loosely to the driving-shaft C by elongated hubs f as shown in Fig. 4 of the drawings. It will thus be seen that the flanges form the support of the drum on the shaft, and as they are mounted loosely on the shaft, and are practically a part of the drum, the latter is free to revolve in either direction, being independent of and in no wise connected to the driving-shaft, except as engagement is made thereto by means of certain devices which enter into my invention. The outer ends, f, of the drum or flanges are flaring, and are constructed so as to present inside beveled surfaces, f", as shown in Fig. 4 of the drawings, which are arranged at any suitable angle to the axis of the drum, and have a width of face sufficient to make a perfect engagement with corresponding faces on driving plates or clutches. These driving plates or carriers II are mounted on the driving-shaft just outside of the drum, and one at each end thereof. They are provided with elongated hubs 71, by which they are secured to the shaft C by splines and groove, or some other device which will fasten the plates to the shaft so that they will turn' therewith, and will permit them to be readily moved back and forth lengthwise of the shaft.. These plates at their periphery havea broad rim, h, which is beveled on its outer face to correspond with the interior bevels on the drum, and upon these beveled faces of the plates or carriers is applied a covering, h of wood, vulcanized fiber, or any other suitable material for producing reliable frictional contact with the drum. Obviously, when these plates or carriers are moved inward toward the ends of the drum, their beveled faces will be brought in contact with the interior beveled faces of the drum, and the greater the force applied to the plates the greater will be the frictional contact; but if the plates are moved outward from the drum this frictional contact will at once be broken. These plates or carriers thus constitute a kind of clutch, by means of which the drums are secured to the shaft whenever desired, for as'the plates are fastened to the shaftso as to revolve therewith whenever they in turn are secured to the drums by frictional contact therewith, as described above, they will in turn connect the drums to the shaft, and carry them with them in their revolution. It is of course necessary to put the sliding movement of these friction-plates under the control of the operator, so that at his pleasure he can force them into frictional contact with the drums, to revolve the latter whenever it is desired to hoist from the mine, and can as readily disengage them, thereby freeing the drums, and permittingthem to revolve loosely in the opposite direction when the hoisting is completed and it is desired to lower the buckets again. To accomplish this, the hubs of the driving plates or carriers are provided with grooves h near their outer ends, and in these grooves clutch-collars I are fitted, to which are connected the inner ends of forked levers K, the collars being provided with studs '0 on opposite sides of the hub, which enter corresponding apertures, k, in the ends of the levers. These levers are supported by brackets J, to which they are pivoted, and which are attached to or made a part of the frame of the apparatus. A trunnioned box, L, is arranged between the forks at the outer ends of the levers, and all are fastened together and securely held in place by means of nuts Z, turned on the outer ends of the trunnions. \Vithin these boxes L are fitted the outer ends of con- -necting-rods M,which are provided with long cross or threaded sections at at these ends,and adj usting-n uts m,whereby they may be length ened and shortened. The inner ends of these connecting-rods are attached to opposite ends of a crank-arm, N, which is securely fasten-ed to avertical shaft, 0, or is made a part of said shaft, the latter being mounted in suitable bearings. The crank-arm is arranged at right angles to the face of the drum, and hence one of theeonnccting-rods is attached to it on the outside of the crank-arm shaft and the other on the inside thereof, or behind the shaft, as shown in Figs. 1 and 2 of the drawings. It will be observed from this description that in oscillation the crank-arm shaft will vibrate the crank-arm, and thus act simultaneously in the proper direction on the forked levers at the ends of the drum, and thereby slide the friction-plates upon their driving-shaft either toward or from the drum. An iron bracket, I, is secured to the base-plate A, and supports the vertical crank-shaft in suitable bearings. A worm-wheel, R, is secured to the upper end of this vertical shaft, and a worm, S, is incased within the bracket P and arranged to engage with the worm-wheel, as shown in the drawings. On one end of the worm-shaft is a spoked hand-wheel, s, by means of which the operator rotates the shaft, and obviously thereby operates the mechanism described above,by which frictional contact is made and broken between the plates or carriers and the drums on the driving-shaft.

The operation of this mechanism is as follows: Power being applied to the driving spur pinion, it imparts motion to the large spurgear on the driving-shaft, thereby revolving the latter, and with it the frictional driving plates or carriers,the direction in which these carriers revolve being theproper one for hoisting the ore bucket or skip out of the mine. The signal to hoist being given, the operator releases the brake, and by means of thehandwheel revolves the worm in the proper direction to turn the worm-wheel, and with it the vertical shaft and cranlcarms, so as to force apart the outer ends of the forked levers, whereby it is evident the inner ends of said levers will be moved toward each other, there by forcing the frictional driving plates in ward toward the respective ends of the drum and causing them to engage with the beveled friction-surfaces on the latter, thereby telnporarily securing the drums to the plates and causing them to revolve with the latter. Obviously the movement of the plates will be gradual, and so motion will beimparted to the drum or spool gradually at the beginning of frictional contact,and will gradually increase until finally the same speed will be given to the drum as the plates have, according as the pressure on the latter is increased by means of the mechanism operated by the attendant, thus placing in his hand a perfect control over the drum, so that he can regulate the speed of its movement in hoisting entirelyby means of the engaging mechanism. When the bucket or skip containing the ore has been raised as high as required, the operator reverses the action of the hand-wheel, thereby reversing the movement of the other devices operated thereby, and so the frictional driving-plates will be drawn away from the drum and the latter will stop,when at once the brake is applied to retain the drum in position,ready to be lowered again at the proper moment, while the driving-shaft continues to revolve. The drum re volves loosely on its shaft under the weightof the ore-bucket when it is desired to lower the latter, the movement being controlled by the brake.

It will be noticed in the description above that the internal, cones or flanges are on the ends of the drums, and the sliding plates having the outside cones or beveled faces are brought into frictional contact directly with the bevels of the internal cones on the drum. This construction is adapted to drums ofsmaller sizesay, for instance, up to six feet in diameter, but when drums of larger diameter are employed it will be necessary to change the organization somewhat perhaps, for in such large sizes it will be difficult to hold the frictional plates up into such close contact with the drums asis required.

fer not to apply the friction devices directly to the drum; but in lieu thereofI key the drum rigidly to its shaft, and arrange by the side of it a large-diameter gear-wheel, also keyed I mount a pinion loosely rigidly to the shaft.

In such cases I preon a counter-shaft arranged so that the pinion will work in the large spur-gearabove named, and provide the pinion with the friction-bevels described above for the drums, and also mount on the pinion-shaft the friction-plate, with its bevels, the same as described for the drum ofthe shaft. This counter-shaft on which the pinion is mounted is of course arranged to revolve continuously, being driven in any suitable way by the engine, and obviously by op erating the friction devices, as already described, the pinion will be connected to and disconnected from its shaft at pleasure, and so will drive the drum-shaft through the large gear-wh eel fastened thereto, or re main stationary on its shaft, which continues to revolve without turningthe drum, accordingly as the friction-surfaces are engaged or disengaged.

In the above description reference has been made to only a single hoisting-machine-that is, one with a single drum; but a number of these drums may be mounted on the same driving-shaft, which may be extended for that purpose. This arrangement is frequently adopted, all the drums being operated by the same shaft and by one set of gears, as described above for the single drum. It will be understood, however, that in applying my invention to this arrangement each drum will have its own set of frictional driving-plates and operating devices for engaging them with the drum and disengaging therefrom, so that each drum may be operated independently of the others.

In some details of construction and arrangement changes may be made in the mechanism described above, and I do not wish to be understoood as limiting myself to the precise details of construction or the precise parts and devices which I have herein shown and de scribed.

I would also state that although I have described my invention as applied to hoistingmachines for mining purposes, I do not wish to be understood as limiting the invention to this particular machine, as obviously, the improvements are applicable to hoisting-ma chines for variouspurposes.

Having thus described my inventi.on,what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. Thecontinuously-revolvingdriving-shaft, in combination with the drum loosely mounted thereon and provided with beveled frictionfaces, the pair of d riving-plates feathered to the shaft on opposite sides of the drum and provided with corresponding beveled friction-faces, and the levers K, arranged opposite the plates, respectively, each provided at one end with a fork which embraces the hub of the corresponding plate, and fulcrumed on the frame between said hub and the front side of the machine, substantially as and for the purpose de scribed.

2. The continuously-rcvolving driving-shaft, in combination with the drum mounted loosely thereon and provided with the beveled fric- I QC- IIO tion-faces, the pair of plates feathered to the shaft and provided with corresponding beveled friction-faces, the forked levers, each connected at its inner end with the corresponding tion driving-plates feathered to the shaft, the

forked levers respectively connected at their inner ends to the hubs of the plates, the trunnioned boxes mounted in the forks at the outer ends of the said levers, the connecting-rods fitted, respectively, in the said boxes, the vertical shaft provided with a double-crank arm, to which the connecting-rods are attached, respectivel y, on opposite sides of the shaft, and the worm-gearing for turning the vertical shaft in either direction, substantially as and 2 5 for the purposes set forth.

DUNCAN GILOHRIST. \Vitnesses:

JAMES MCDOWELL, .T. I). GILCHRIS'F.

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