US3104618A

US3104618A - Piston engine operable as pump or motor

Info

Publication number: US3104618A
Application number: US129000A
Authority: US
Inventors: Holdener Simeon
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1960-08-05
Filing date: 1961-08-03
Publication date: 1963-09-24
Anticipated expiration: 1980-09-24

Description

Sept. 24, 1963 Filed Aug. 3, 1961 s. HOLDENER 3,104,618 PISTON ENGINE OPERABLE AS PUMP OR MOTOR 5 Sheets-Sheet 1 53 III ["2 3! 54 LE 1-H 'LT P 1963 s. HOLDENER 3,104,618

' PISTON ENGINE OPERABLE AS PUMP on MOTOR Filed Aug. 3, 1961 5 Sheets-Sheet 2' Sept. 24, 1963 s. HOLDENER 3,104,613

PISTON ENGINE OPERABLE AS PUMP OR MOTOR I Filed Aug. 5, 1961 5 Sheets-Sheet 3 Joye/72273 Z fizhzeoa 772/420 JMM p 1 I s. HOLDENER 3,104,618

PISTON ENGINE OPERABLE AS PUMP OR MOTOR Filed Aug. 3, 1961 5 Sheets-Sheet 4 Fig.4

United States Patent 3,184,618 PISTON ENGENE OPERAELE AS PUW OR MOTOR Simeon Hoidener, 3 Postgasse, Wolfhansen, Zurich, Switzerland Filed Aug. 3, 1961, Ser. No. 129,880 Claims priority, application Switzerland Aug. 5, 1960 8 Claims. (Cl. 103-163) This invention relates to a piston or reciprocating engines operable as pumps or motors, of the type having at least one eccentric-driven piston and automatically controlled shutter openings for the admission and discharge of the pressure medium.

It is an object of the invention to provide a simplified, compact type of construction of a piston engine of the mentioned kind, in which the piston carried by an eccentric is prismatic, mounted between stationary lateral plates and enclosed by a frame in which it is movably guided, while the frame is movable within the housing at right angles to the direction of movement of the piston, the shutter openings being automatically controlled by the movement of the piston and the frame and located in at least one of the lateral plates.

The present invention will now be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings illustrating, by way of example a preferred embodiment of the invention, and in which:

FIGURE 1 shows an axial section through the machine,

FIGURE 2 is a transverse section along the line II-II of FIGURE 1,

FIGURE 3 is a transverse section along the line IIIIII of FIGURE 1,

FIGURE 4 is a section taken on lines IV-IV of FIG- URES 2, 3 and 5, and

FIGURE 5 shows a cross-section along the line V-V of FIGURE 1.

A drive shaft 4, one end of which is provided with an eccentric pin 5, is supported by a ball bearing 2 and a needle bearing 3 Within a bore of the main portion 1 of a casing. Four

elongate grooves

6, 7, 8, 9 (FIGURES 1 and 2) are provided in the depressed inner front wall of the casing portion 1. Abutting against this front wall is a lateral disc or plate 10 of circular shape, in which four shutter openings or

control ports

11, 12, 13, 14 are formed as rectangular slots. The lateral plate 10 is further provided with four

bores

15, 16, 17, 18 which are each in alignment with one end of the four

longitudinal grooves

6, 7, 8 and 9. The ends of four

passage tubes

19, 2d, 21, 22 are inserted each in one of the bores 15 16, 17 and 18, respectively, of the plate 10 (FIGURES 2, 3 and 4). Four spacer sleeves 23, 24, 25, 27 surround the

tubes

19, 29, 21, 22 between the outer lateral plate 10 and an intermediate plate 27 which is provided with bores for the passage of the

tubes

19, 20, 21 and 22. Two

screw bolts

28, 29 are screwed into the main portion 1 of the casing, which bolts extend through the lateral plate 10 into the space between the plate 10 and the plate 27 and carry

cylindrical guide sleeves

32, 33 by means of

needle bearings

30, 31. Two guiding

forks

34, 35 of a frame 36 having a rectangular opening, engage over these

sleeves

32 and 33. This frame 36 is ground plane on both sides to such a thickness, that it can move back and forth with the required clearance between the two plates 10 and 27 which are spaced apart a precise distance by the

spacer sleeves

23, 24, 25 and 26. The frame 36 is so shaped as to have the lowest possible oscillating mass, for example its section is of U-shape as shown. A piston 37 is located within the rectangular opening of the frame 36 and is ground to precisely the same thickness as the frame 36 and adapted to slide up and down in the latter. The

piston 37 is provided with a central bore, into which a needle roller bearing 38 is inserted, serving as support for the piston 37 mounted on the eccentric pin 5 of the drive shaft 4. In proximity to the

shutter openings

11, 12, 13 and 14, the piston 37 is provided with four

recesses

39, 40, 41 and 42 which act to facilitate the admission and discharge of pressure medium when the piston is in the terminal positions of its stroke.

Spacer sleeves

44, 45, 46, 47 are mounted on the

tubes

19, 20, 21 22 and disposed between the intermediate plate 27 and an outer lateral plate 43 situated opposite the lateral plate 14]. The lateral plate 43 abuts against the inner side of a cover member 48 in which two

bolts

49, 50 are screwed, said bolts passing through the lateral plate 43 and carrying by means of needle bearings 51, 52

cylindrical guide sleeves

53, 54 provided in the space between the lateral plate 43 and the intermediate plate 27. Two guide forks 55, 56 of a frame 57 having a rectangular opening engage over these sleeves 53 and 54 (FIGURE 3). Owing to the guiding action along the

sleeves

53, 54 this frame 57 is movable in upward and downward direction between the plates 27, 43 and has a cross-sectional shape similar to that of the frame 36. A prismatic piston 58 of precisely the same thickness as the frame 57 is guided in the rectangular opening of the frame 57 so as to be movable to and fro. In the central bore of the piston 58 a needle bearing 59 is located, by means of which the piston 58 is mounted on the eccentric pin 5 of the driving shaft 4. On its four corners the piston 58 is provided with

recesses

60, 61, 62, 63 which serve to facilitate the admission and the discharge of the pressure medium in the end positions of the piston. In the circular lateral plate 43 four

shutter openings

64, 65, 66, 67 are formed as rectangular slots. The lateral plate 43, moreover, is provided with four

bores

68, 69, 70, 71, into which the right-hand ends of the

passage tubes

19, 20, 21, 22 are inserted (FIGURE 4). The cover member 48 is urged against the main part 1 of the case by means of four screws 72 and nuts 73, whereby the three

lateral plates

10, 27 and 43 and the parts disposed between the latter are held together. On the internal side of the cover member 48

longitudinal grooves

74, 75, 76, 77 are formed, which on one end are connected to the

shutter openings

64, 65, 66, 67, while into the other end thereof the

axial bores

78, 79, 88, 81 are opening and leading to the

radial bores

82, 83, 84 and 85. Additional

axial bores

86, 87, 88, 89 lead from the four

bores

68, 69, 70, 71 of the lateral plate 43 to

radial bores

90, 91, 92 and 93. The

radial bores

82, 84 and 91, 93 are located in one plane and are connected to a common central distribution chamber 94 (FIG. 5). The remaining

radial bores

81, 83, 90, 92 are situated in another plane axially spaced from the first plane and connected to an additional central distribution chamber 95. Inlet and discharge connections, by means of which the pressure medium is admitted and discharged, are provided for the two

distribution chambers

94 and 95 at the front end or at the circumference of the casing member 48.

When it is assumed, that the described piston engine operates as pump and the eccentric pin 5 rotates in counter-clockwise direction from its uppermost position shown in FIGURE 2 of the drawings, the piston 37 together with the frame 36 then moves to the left. Simultaneously, the piston 37 contained within the frame 36 moves downwardly from its uppermost position. The hollow space, provided between the lower circumferential surface of the piston 37 and the lower internal surface of the frame 36 is thereby reduced and the pressure medium contained in this hollow space is urged through the shutter opening 12, gradually released by the frame 36, of the intermediate plate 10 and forced into the longitudinal groove 7 of the casing member 1 and then caused to flow from this longitudinal groove 7 through the bore 16 of the intermediate plate 10, the tube 20, the axial bore 87, the radial bore 91 and into the distribution chamber 94. At the same time a cavity of increasing volume is produced above the upper circumferential surface of the piston, this cavity communicating with the longitudinal groove 6 by means of the gradually released shutter opening 11, so that pressure medium is drawn from the distribution chamber 95 and delivered into the said cavity through the bore 15, the passage tube 19, the axial bore 86 and the radial bore 90.

As will be seen from FIGURE 3, in the uppermost position of the eccentric pin the second frame 57 also occupies its uppermost position, while the piston 58 assumes an intermediate position within the frame 57. Since the eccentric pin 5 in FIGURE 2 rotates in counterclockwise direction, it thus rotates in FIGURE 3 in clockwise direction and the right-hand cylinder space between piston 58 and frame 57 will be reduced, so that pressure medium is forced into the distribution chamber $4 by Way of the shutter opening 64 provided in the intermediate plate 43, the longitudinal groove 74 in the cover member 48, the axial bore '78 and the radial bore 82. The left-hand cylinder space simultaneously is increased and pressure medium is drawn into the latter from the distribution chamber 95 by means of the radial bore 85, the axial bore 81, the longitudinal groove 77 and the shutter opening 67.

After a quarter of a revolution the frame 36 (FIG- URE 2) occupies its left-hand end position and the piston 37 assumes the middle position in the frame 36. The two

shutter openings

11 and 12 are completely opened. Moreover, the second frame 57 (FIGURE 3) occupies an intermediate position, while the piston 58 is in its right-hand end position, in which the left-hand cylinder space equals zero and the right-hand cylinder space is a maximum. In this middle position of the frame 57 all four shutter openings 64-, 65, 66, 67 of the intermediate plate 43, controlled by said frame, are covered by the frame 57. When the eccentric pin 5 continues its rotation, the right-hand cylinder space becomes enlarged and pressure medium is drawn into the latter from the distribution chamber 95 through the

bores

83, 79, the longitudinal groove 75 and the shutter opening 65. Furthermore, the left-hand cylinder space is decreased and pressure medium is fed tln'ough the shutter opening 66, the

longitudinal groove 76 and the ducts 8t), 84 and delivered 7 to the distribution chamber 94. When the rotary movement is continued, the remaining shutter openings are controlled in similar manner. A continuous pump stream results from the fact that the two

pistons

37 and 58 operate in a manner displaced from each other through 90".

The engine could also have only one piston and frame, in which case, however, a pulsating pump stream would result.

Furthermore, the described piston engine may also be operated as a motor instead of as a pump.

I claim:

1. A reciprocating machine operable as a pump or as a motor, comprising, a casing, a shaft journalled in said casing, said shaft having an eccentric pin thereon, a pair of prismatic pistons substantially identical in form and size and spaced from one another in side-by-side relation, said pistons being operatively connected to said pin for actuation thereby, a pair of frame members one surrounding each of said pistons respectively for guiding the same through linear reciprocating movement relative to said.

of said pistons and a corresponding one of a pair of ad-. jacent Walls of said casing, said side plates having control inlet and outlet ports adapted to be opened and closed tive to their corresponding frame members.

automatically by movement of said pistons and frame members relative to said side plates, and ducts for-med in said adjacent side walls of said casing and communicating with said inlet and outlet ports.

2. A reciprocating machine as in claim 1 wherein said frame members are provided with guide forks and said casing is provided with corresponding guide bolts adapted to cooperate with said forks to guide said frame members along respective linear paths.

3. A reciprocating machine as in claim 1 wherein said frame members are substantially channel shaped in cross 1 section so 'as to reduce the weight thereof.

4. A reciprocating machine as in claim 1 wherein said pistons are provided with recesses in proximity to the corresponding control ports in said side plates so as to facilitate the admission and discharge of a pressure medium when said pistons are disposed in end positions rela-' 5. A reciprocating machineas in claim 1 adjacent side Walls of said casing in communication with said control ports and with said ducts to permit admission and discharge of a pressure medium.

6. A reciprocating machine as in claim 5 wherein a plurality of tubes are provided for connecting the longitudinal grooves provided in one of said casing side walls to ducts provided in the other of said casing side walls for the admission and discharge of a pressure medium.

7. A reciprocating machine as in claim 6 wherein sleeves are mounted on said tubes so as to be disposed between said intermediate plate and said side plates to control the spacing therebetween.

8. A reciprocating machine as in claim 1 including a pair of axially spaced distribution chambers having inletand discharge connections, said chambers being connected to said ducts for admission and discharge of a pressure medium.

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 968,126 Clark Aug. 23, 1910 1,410,129 Saussard. Mar. 21, 1922 2,258,379 Estey Oct. 7, 1941.

wherein lon- I gitudinal grooves are provided on the inner side of said

Claims

1. A RECIPROCATING MACHINE OPERABLE AS A PUMP OR AS A MOTOR, COMPRISING, A CASING, A SHAFT JOURNALLED IN SAID CASING, SAID SHAFT HAVING AN ECCENTRIC PIN THEREON, A PAIR OF PRISMATIC PISTONS SUBSTANTIALLY IDENTICAL IN FORM AND SIZE AND SPACED FROM ONE ANOTHER IN SIDE-BY-SIDE RELATION, SAID PISTONS BEING OPERATIVELY CONNECTED TO SAID PIN FOR ACTUATION THEREBY, A PAIR OF FRAME MEMBERS ONE SURROUNDING EACH OF SAID PISTONS RESPECTIVELY FOR GUIDING THE SAME THROUGH LINEAR RECIPROCATING MOVEMENT RELATIVE TO SAID FRAME, SAID FRAME MEMBERS BEING MOUNTED IN SAID CASING FOR LINEAR MOVEMENT IN RESPECTIVE DIRECTIONS DISPOSED AT 90* FROM ONE ANOTHER AND EACH OF SAID PISTONS BEING ADAPTED TO RECIPROCATE RELATIVE TO ITS RESPECTIVE FRAME MEMBER IN A DIRECTION DISPOSED AT 90* FROM THE DIRECTION OF MOVEMENT OF SAID FRAME MEMBER, AN INTERMEDIATE PLATE ARRANGED BETWEEN SAID PAIR OF PISTONS AND FRAME MEMBERS, A PAIR OF SIDE PLATES EACH ARRANGED RESPECTIVELY BETWEEN THE OUTER SIDE OF A CORRESPONDING ONE OF SAID PISTONS AND A CORRESPONDING ONE OF A PAIR OF ADJACENT WALLS OF SAID CASING, SAID SIDE PLATES HAVING CONTROL INLET AND OUTLET PORTS ADAPTED TO BE OPENED AND CLOSED