US3104515A - Wire rope - Google Patents

Wire rope Download PDF

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Publication number
US3104515A
US3104515A US186158A US18615862A US3104515A US 3104515 A US3104515 A US 3104515A US 186158 A US186158 A US 186158A US 18615862 A US18615862 A US 18615862A US 3104515 A US3104515 A US 3104515A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
rope
lay
strands
strand
wires
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US186158A
Inventor
Roger W Stevens
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United States Steel Corp
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United States Steel Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Publication date
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Priority to US186158A priority Critical patent/US3104515A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3104515A publication Critical patent/US3104515A/en
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Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D07ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
    • D07BROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
    • D07B1/00Constructional features of ropes or cables
    • D07B1/06Ropes or cables built-up from metal wires, e.g. of section wires around a hemp core
    • D07B1/0673Ropes or cables built-up from metal wires, e.g. of section wires around a hemp core having a rope configuration
    • D07B1/068Ropes or cables built-up from metal wires, e.g. of section wires around a hemp core having a rope configuration characterised by the strand design
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D07ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
    • D07BROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
    • D07B1/00Constructional features of ropes or cables
    • D07B1/14Ropes or cables with incorporated auxiliary elements, e.g. for marking, extending throughout the length of the rope or cable
    • D07B1/145Ropes or cables with incorporated auxiliary elements, e.g. for marking, extending throughout the length of the rope or cable comprising elements for indicating or detecting the rope or cable status
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D07ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
    • D07BROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
    • D07B2201/00Ropes or cables
    • D07B2201/10Rope or cable structures
    • D07B2201/1028Rope or cable structures characterised by the number of strands
    • D07B2201/1032Rope or cable structures characterised by the number of strands three to eight strands respectively forming a single layer
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D07ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
    • D07BROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
    • D07B2201/00Ropes or cables
    • D07B2201/10Rope or cable structures
    • D07B2201/104Rope or cable structures twisted
    • D07B2201/1048Rope or cable structures twisted using regular lay, i.e. the wires or filaments being parallel to rope axis
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D07ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
    • D07BROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
    • D07B2201/00Ropes or cables
    • D07B2201/10Rope or cable structures
    • D07B2201/104Rope or cable structures twisted
    • D07B2201/1052Rope or cable structures twisted using lang lay, i.e. the wires or filaments being inclined relative to the rope axis
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D07ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
    • D07BROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
    • D07B2201/00Ropes or cables
    • D07B2201/10Rope or cable structures
    • D07B2201/104Rope or cable structures twisted
    • D07B2201/1056Rope or cable structures twisted using alternate lay, i.e. the wires or filaments in the strands being oppositely inclined relative to the rope axis
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D07ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
    • D07BROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
    • D07B2201/00Ropes or cables
    • D07B2201/20Rope or cable components
    • D07B2201/2047Cores
    • D07B2201/2052Cores characterised by their structure
    • D07B2201/2055Cores characterised by their structure comprising filaments or fibers
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D07ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
    • D07BROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
    • D07B2501/00Application field
    • D07B2501/20Application field related to ropes or cables
    • D07B2501/2007Elevators
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T74/00Machine element or mechanism
    • Y10T74/20Control lever and linkage systems
    • Y10T74/20396Hand operated
    • Y10T74/20402Flexible transmitter [e.g., Bowden cable]
    • Y10T74/20456Specific cable or sheath structure

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a Wire rope 'and more particularly to a Wire rope for use in hoists such as p-assenger elevators 'and mine hoists which carry people.
  • Regular Lay Wire ropes are most commonly used for this purpose, especially on elevators, even though Lang Lay ropes are more wear resistant and also more resistant to bending fatigue than Regular Lay ropes. It has -been suggested to make non-rotating or non-spinning rope by the use of alternate Lang Lay and Regular Lay strands, but this construction does not result in a rope having the characteristics of 1a Lang Lay rope.
  • the yuse of Lang Lay ropes is undesirab'le for hoisting applications where fatigue is the major cause of Wire rope deteroration because wires may first break against or near the core while the wires on the outside of the rope are still intact. As a result such Lang Lay ropes Weaken Without 'any external indication thereof and may fail without warning.
  • the construction of Regular Lay rope 'on the other hand, is such that the wires on the surface of the rope break first so that When the rope begins to weaken there is an external indication thereof.
  • FIGURE 1 is a longitudinal view of an 8 x 19 Scale type -Wire rope constructed according to my invention.
  • FIGURE 2 is an end view of the rope of FIGURE 1.
  • reference numeral 2 indicates 'a fiber core having eight outer strands 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 and stran'ded around it.
  • the strand 3 which is preferably made of traction steel wire is of Regular Lay. In other words
  • the other strands, 4 to 10 inclusive, are
  • My invention may also be utilized in the other types of wire rope commonly used for hoisting purposes.
  • the core constructions may vary 'and thenumber and construction of the outer or main strands may vary. In' ad-ditio-n to eight strands, six strand ropes 'are widely used in passenger elevators. According to my invention all but one of the main strands must be of Lang Lay with th'at one strand .being of Regular Lay. I have found that the wires of the Regular Lay strand on the outside of the rope will be the first to break and will break prior to any of the wires of the Lang Lay strands, 'but the wires in the Regular Lay strand will not break as soon as the wires of a Regular Lay rope.
  • the broken wires lin the single regular lay strand are easily discernable to the eye and also can usua-lly be ⁇ discovered by moving a cloth along the surface of the rope.
  • the rope of my invention has substantially all the -advantages of a Lang Lay rope while at the same time it can be readily determined When the rope should be removed from service. In a rope having all Lang Lay strands the operator must guess when the rope should be removed andto be on the safe side he generally removes it earlier than necessary. However, the possibility still remains that 'a rope, 'which 'outwardly appears to be in ⁇ good condition, will break and cause a serious faccident. Applica-nt ⁇ s rope, on the other hand, can remain in service for the maximum safe period of use without danger of failure.
  • a Wire rope having most of the fatigue and Wear resistance properties 'of a Lang Lay rope comprising a core, 'and 'a plurality of main strands surroundng said core, only one of said main strands being of Regular Lay, said Regular Lay strand providing an in'dication of approaching failure of -the rope, the remai'nder of said main strands being of Lang Lay.

Description

Sept- 24, 1963 R. w. sTEvENs 8,1o4,515
RRRRRR PE Filed Apri 1 9 1 9 62 /Nl/ENTOR. ROGER W. .S'TEVENS By M224/ Aforney United States Patent O 3,104,515 WmE ROPE Roger W. Stevens, Woodbury, Conn., assignor to United States Steel Corporation, a Corporation of New Jersey Filed Apr. 9, 1962, Ser. No. 186,158 1 Claim. (Cl. 57-146) This invention relates to a Wire rope 'and more particularly to a Wire rope for use in hoists such as p-assenger elevators 'and mine hoists which carry people. Regular Lay Wire ropes are most commonly used for this purpose, especially on elevators, even though Lang Lay ropes are more wear resistant and also more resistant to bending fatigue than Regular Lay ropes. It has -been suggested to make non-rotating or non-spinning rope by the use of alternate Lang Lay and Regular Lay strands, but this construction does not result in a rope having the characteristics of 1a Lang Lay rope. The yuse of Lang Lay ropes is undesirab'le for hoisting applications where fatigue is the major cause of Wire rope deteroration because wires may first break against or near the core while the wires on the outside of the rope are still intact. As a result such Lang Lay ropes Weaken Without 'any external indication thereof and may fail without warning. The construction of Regular Lay rope, 'on the other hand, is such that the wires on the surface of the rope break first so that When the rope begins to weaken there is an external indication thereof.
It is therefore an object of my invention to provide a Wire rope having most of the fatigue and wear resistance properties of a Lang Lay rope and at the same time is provided with 'an indication of approaching lfailure of the rope.
This and other objects Will be more apparent after referrinig to the following specification 'and attached drawing, in which:
FIGURE 1 is a longitudinal view of an 8 x 19 Scale type -Wire rope constructed according to my invention; and
FIGURE 2 is an end view of the rope of FIGURE 1.
Referring more .partieularly to the drawing, reference numeral 2 indicates 'a fiber core having eight outer strands 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 and stran'ded around it. The strand 3 which is preferably made of traction steel wire is of Regular Lay. In other words |the lay of the wires in this strand is opposite to 'the lay of the strand in the rope. The other strands, 4 to 10 inclusive, are
3,10`4,515 Patented Sept. 24, 1963 'ice made of the same material 'an'd are of the same size as strand 3, but are of Lang Lay. In other Words the direction of lay of 'the wires in these strands is the same as the direction of lay of the strands in the rope.
My invention may also be utilized in the other types of wire rope commonly used for hoisting purposes. The core constructions may vary 'and thenumber and construction of the outer or main strands may vary. In' ad-ditio-n to eight strands, six strand ropes 'are widely used in passenger elevators. According to my invention all but one of the main strands must be of Lang Lay with th'at one strand .being of Regular Lay. I have found that the wires of the Regular Lay strand on the outside of the rope will be the first to break and will break prior to any of the wires of the Lang Lay strands, 'but the wires in the Regular Lay strand will not break as soon as the wires of a Regular Lay rope. The broken wires lin the single regular lay strand are easily discernable to the eye and also can usua-lly be `discovered by moving a cloth along the surface of the rope. Thus the rope of my invention has substantially all the -advantages of a Lang Lay rope while at the same time it can be readily determined When the rope should be removed from service. In a rope having all Lang Lay strands the operator must guess when the rope should be removed andto be on the safe side he generally removes it earlier than necessary. However, the possibility still remains that 'a rope, 'which 'outwardly appears to be in `good condition, will break and cause a serious faccident. Applica-nt`s rope, on the other hand, can remain in service for the maximum safe period of use without danger of failure.
While one embodiment of my invention has been shown and described, it will be apparent that other adaptations and modification's may be made without departing 'from the scope of the following claim.
I claim:
A Wire rope having most of the fatigue and Wear resistance properties 'of a Lang Lay rope comprising a core, 'and 'a plurality of main strands surroundng said core, only one of said main strands being of Regular Lay, said Regular Lay strand providing an in'dication of approaching failure of -the rope, the remai'nder of said main strands being of Lang Lay.
References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 171,634 Roebling V V Dec. 28, 1875
US186158A 1962-04-09 1962-04-09 Wire rope Expired - Lifetime US3104515A (en)

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Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4219995A (en) * 1977-09-07 1980-09-02 Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha Wire rope
US4563870A (en) * 1983-11-07 1986-01-14 United States Steel Corporation Lubricated wire rope
EP0286711A1 (en) * 1986-05-15 1988-10-19 Spanset Inter Ag Sling for lifting loads
EP1439262A2 (en) * 2003-01-15 2004-07-21 Hitachi, Ltd. Rope and method for detecting damage thereof
CN101988272A (en) * 2010-06-21 2011-03-23 江苏赛福天钢绳有限公司 Sisal hemp core steel wire rope for high-speed elevator
US20140311119A1 (en) * 2012-01-23 2014-10-23 Mitsubishi Electric Corporation Elevator rope
US20150144432A1 (en) * 2012-08-29 2015-05-28 Mitsubishi Electric Corporation Elevator rope and elevator apparatus that uses same
US20160152443A1 (en) * 2013-07-09 2016-06-02 Mitsubishi Electric Corporation Elevator rope and elevator apparatus that uses same

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US171634A (en) * 1875-12-28 Improvement in wire-rope

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US171634A (en) * 1875-12-28 Improvement in wire-rope

Cited By (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4219995A (en) * 1977-09-07 1980-09-02 Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha Wire rope
US4563870A (en) * 1983-11-07 1986-01-14 United States Steel Corporation Lubricated wire rope
EP0286711A1 (en) * 1986-05-15 1988-10-19 Spanset Inter Ag Sling for lifting loads
EP1439262A2 (en) * 2003-01-15 2004-07-21 Hitachi, Ltd. Rope and method for detecting damage thereof
EP1439262A3 (en) * 2003-01-15 2005-07-06 Hitachi, Ltd. Rope and method for detecting damage thereof
CN101988272B (en) * 2010-06-21 2012-02-15 江苏赛福天钢索股份有限公司 Sisal hemp core steel wire rope for high-speed elevator
CN101988272A (en) * 2010-06-21 2011-03-23 江苏赛福天钢绳有限公司 Sisal hemp core steel wire rope for high-speed elevator
US20140311119A1 (en) * 2012-01-23 2014-10-23 Mitsubishi Electric Corporation Elevator rope
US9162849B2 (en) * 2012-01-23 2015-10-20 Mitsubishi Electric Corporation Elevator rope
US20150144432A1 (en) * 2012-08-29 2015-05-28 Mitsubishi Electric Corporation Elevator rope and elevator apparatus that uses same
US9902594B2 (en) * 2012-08-29 2018-02-27 Mitsubishi Electric Corporation Elevator rope and elevator apparatus that uses same
US20160152443A1 (en) * 2013-07-09 2016-06-02 Mitsubishi Electric Corporation Elevator rope and elevator apparatus that uses same
US9896307B2 (en) * 2013-07-09 2018-02-20 Mitsubishi Electric Corporation Elevator rope and elevator apparatus that uses same

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