US30993A - photo-litho - Google Patents

Description

HENRY D. STOVER, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

WOOD-PLANING MACHINE,

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 30,993, dated December 18, 1860; Reissued May 21, 18617 No. 1,190.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I7 HENRY D. STOVER, of New York, in the county of New York and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Planing- Machines for Accurately and Nicely Dressing Dimension Lumber and Boards; and I hereby declare that the following speciication, in connection with the accompanying drawings and letters of reference marked thereon, constitute a clear, lucid, and exact description of the construction and use of the same.

In referring to the said drawings, Figure l denotes a plan or top view; Fig. 2 a side elevation; Fig. 3 a centralY and vertical section on line A, B, of Fig. 1; Fig. 4; a front end elevation; Fig. 5 a back end elevation; Fig. 6 a transverse and vertical section on line C, D, of Fig. l, showing parts beyond, toward front end of machine.

Invention- The nature of my invention consists in combining the cutting cylinder, and the crosshead in which it revolves, with two or more screws for raising and lowering the cutting cylinder evenly, and parallel to t-he face of the platen. Also in so pocketing, or incasing the raising and lowering screws in the uprights that dust and shavings will be eifectually excluded, whether the machine is operated or not. Also, in so constructing the cutting cylinder as to receive four or more cutters, each imparting a shearing or drawing stroke or cut, at the same time, for convenience in construction and ease in sharpening and securing to the head. Also in giving that portion of the cutter head, immediately back of the edges of the cuttino` blades an angle varying from 50 to 45 rom the face of the cutting blades to constitute a solid, variable, and efficient cap to the cutting blades. Also in so connecting the journal boxes of the driving shaft with the crosshead carrying the cutting cylinder, that when it is raised or lowered the journal boxes will move so as to always retain precisely the same distance between the drive pulleys, and the driven pulleys on the cutter head, to always allow a permanent and uniform ftension of belt. Also in feeding the platen forward with rack and pinion and back at an increased speed, with friction wheel and friction slide and vice versa. Also in reversing the feed or movement of platen by means of screw and having a wheel for turning the same conveniently to either engage the friction wheel with friction slide or pinion with rack. Also in sliding or moving and attaching the cross head for cutting cylinder to the uprights with adjustable gib slides.V Also in pivoting the journal box for the friction feed, and giving it a vertical adjustment, to both swing and raise or fall with the feed shaft it carries, to allow this shaft a free swinging and transverse movement, to feed the platen either way as may be desired. Also in so constructing andapplying several dogs to the platen that either and all may be operated independent of the others, for

clogging several narrow pieces at the same time on the platen. Also in connecting the feed rolls to the bed piece by gib slides for operation therewith or removal therefrom. Also in suspending and moving crosshead, for cutting cylinder by screws which are suspended in universal bearings, and by universal nuts, to allow of a free untrainmeled movement in working, as well as convenience for adjustment in construction. Also in so constructing a conducting spout or trough with crosshead to carry and conduct away from the machine the shavings made by the cutting cylinder, and to any desired point by the force or current of air created by the great velocity of the cutting cylinder. Also in placing an elastic pressure roll back of cutting cylinder, which may be made a stationary wiper to clean the finished surface, in combination with a rigid revolving roll, or a scraper so that either the rigid revolving roll, or scraper may be used with exible pressure roll to plane straight and out of wind. Also in constructing and combining the hollow cast iron upright-s with the wood planing machine.

onstructz'on.-To enable persons skilled in the art to which my invention appertains to construct and carry out the same, I will describe it, as follows: I construct a bed piece, seen at A, and to which a platen, B, is fitted to slide in adjustable gib rests, A2, A3. By this means great durability and accuracy of movement is had for the platen, and at the same time it is efectually prevented from tipping up or trembling when nearly on a balance, as is well known in other planing machines, and this important improvement allows of an essential shortening of the bed from any other known methdust or shavings. In each of these cavities` a screw E, is positioned to freely tur-n in universal boxes Gr, on bar F, into which are fitted a. portion of bevel gears H, which are attached to upper end of each screw E,

and these screws E, are so constructed as to both be turned by one shaft I, having balance wheel K, and two bevel gears H, and screws E, the shaft I, revolving 1n stands or boxes G, as seen 1n the drawings.

and down on the face or front of upright C, by fitting the adjustable gibs N. The journal boxes B3, are secured to the front of crosshead M to receive and carry Athe cutting cylinder O, which is constructed with four or more cutter blades P, fitted to surfaces so formed on cylinder O, and noty parallel to its axis of motion as to impart a shearing or drawing cut to the material.`

These blades P extend for a .little more than half the length of the cutting Ycylinder-. e., their inner ends overlap to make the finish, or cut by, these short cutters are a saving in construction, and are easy of adjustment, and also easily sharpened.

That portion of the lcutting cylinder O, immediately back of the cutting blades P may 'be formed any angle, from 5 to 45, seen at a, b, c, al, Fig. 3, to give a good finish to hard or soft wood, the number of degrees of angle to this cylinder being more than 25 for hard, and less than 25 for soft; wood. On each end of cutting cylinder shaft is secured a suitable pulley seen at Q, to be driven 'by belts R, from drive pulleys S,

fitted on shafts S2, to revolve in sliding box T, which is connected by rods U, .to crosshead M, and cutting cylinder O, that whenv the same is raised or lowered to dress thick or thin lumber that the centers of drive pulley S and driven pulley Q always remain at the same distance, to always retain the belt at -the same uniform tension, the importance and great advantage of which will be readily seen.

The crosshead M is raised and lowered by suspension to screws E, universally, by means of stands V -secured thereto and divided into two parts where they clasp the screw E, and between lthese divided parts a universal nut, seen at TV, is fitted to freely turn, to impart any ease of motionor required adjustment to crosshead M and cutting cylinder O. Between the nuts W,

and inner surface of cavity D in uprights C, is it-tted to stand V, a sliding shield X, which eftectua'lly covers the slots Y, through which the stands V move, and at whatever elevation .the same is placed so as to effectually exclude dustvand shavings under any circumstances. By this arrangement the"crosshead M, and its cutting cylinder O, are easily, freely and evenly'movedup and down by turning one shaft.

The feeding device is constructed as f0llows: To the under side of platen B, La friction `slide A, is secured and also a toothed rack B. VBetween Ithese is positioned a toothed .pinion C', which fits into rack B, and a friction wheel D and pinion C are .secured to a perpendicular shaft which 1s moved or turned at the yrequired speed by I connecting belt with any turning shaft of A crosshead seen at IVI, is .constructed and attached so as to slide freely yet snugly up.

my machine, and suspended in journal box F secured to support G at its lower or un- -der side and near to its upper end by journal box H', secured to .sliding bar I, by pivot K, so as to be both vertically adjustable and at the same ,time turn to freely 'allow the shaft E to lconform to all the required movements given it for ythe feed. On `the opposite side of bar I is .secured the nut J by pivot L, for vertical adjustment, and to freely turn. Through this nut J Apasses `a screw M which is suspended to freely turn in bearings N, secured to bed A. At `the end of screw arbor M is secured .a Vbalance wheel By turning this wheel 0 and screw M" in one direction the pinion C is geared with rack B, to feed the :platen one way, and by :turing the screw VM the Vother way the bar I and the friction wheel D are moved V.to Aforce this wheel into and firmly against groove Q of slide A, and when turning will move the platen in direction reverse to that of pinion C, which will be readily understood.

Suitable ways or .grooves are formed transversely through track 4as seen .at R', to which a slide is fitted which carries the feed rolls S and T designed for surfacing boards when the platen B is .moved back out of the way, and to form the bed under vthe cutting cylinder. A stand with gib slides is attached to bed, and on which toremove to feed rolls. Thus `all the advantages of the `dimension and surface .planers .are contained in one machine, and by simply sliding the feed rolls into `position or out of position they are ready for use or securely placed out of the way.

The back clogging bar is fitted to top of platen B and drawn .down to its top .piece whenever the lumber is securedfor dressing by the inclined slots V and `pins a. 'Ihis bar U has several `projecting claws b :to receive either several distinct strips for dress- .ing at the same time, or one wide board, as may be desired. The front dogging bar W is secured to platen similar to the bar U, between it and top face of platen are several sliding dogs, or claws C corresponding to claws b, and moved by cam levers X, with eccentric slots d', pins f and pivoted by screws c, to firmly secure the pieces of lumber between them for being dressed.

A spout or trough A4 is constructed and so connected to crosshead as to conduct the shavings away from the machine and cutting cylinder by the force or current of air created by the great velocity imparted to it and by means of the four and unequal shapes iii the cutting cylinder.

A stand B4 is secured to the back side of crosshead M, to which an elastic pressure roll C4 is attached, to freely revolve therein, and yield to the surface of board or piece being planed. Back of roll C4 is a rigid revolving' roll D4 suspended in adjustable swinging stands E4, which are attached to, and carried by stand B4. There is also a scraper or holder F4 fixed to the front end of adjustable stand E4, which presses the board or piece firmly to the platen, quite close to the cutting blades, by which the saine is held to receive a beautiful finish. The arms of stands E4 may be swung and secured by screws H4 to bring either the scraper F4, or roll D4 upon the face of the finished piece as may be desired to .plane straight and out of wind, all as herein set forth.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as my invention and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

y 1. The combination of cutting cylinder O, and crosshead M, with two or more screws E, for raising and lowering the cutting cylinder evenly and parallel to the face of the platen.

2. So pocketing or encasing the raising and lowering screws E, in the uprights C, that dust and shavings will be eifectually excluded, whether the machine be in operation or not.

3. So constructing the cutting cylinder O, as to receive four or more cutting blades P, each imparting a shearing or drawing stroke or cut, and at the same time for convenience in construction, and ease in sharpening and securing the blade to the head.

4. Forming the portion of the cutter head immediately back of the edges of the cutting blades, an angle varying from 5O to 45o from the face of the cutting blades, to constitute a solidly variable and eflicient cap to the cutting blades.

So constructing, connecting and arranging the sliding journal boxes T, with crosshead M, which carries the cutting cylinder O, by means of rods U, that when the cutter head is raised or lowered these journal boxes will move so as to always retain a precisely equal distance between the drive pulleys and the driven pulleys, on the cutter head, for equal tension of the. belts.

6. Feeding the platen back and forth by friction slide A and wheel D, and rack B and pinion C', for the purposes set forth.

7. Reversing the movement of platen by means of screw M, and wheel O, for forcibly engaging the rack by its pinion, on the friction slide by its wheel.

8. Sliding, moving and attachin the crosshead M, carrying cutting cylin er O, on and to the uprights C, in and by adjustable gib slides N.

9. Pivoting the journal boX H for the friction feed shaft, and giving it a vertical adjustment, to both swing, and raise or fall with the feed shaft.Y

10. Several dogs, operated independently of each other to effectually hold several pieces firmly to the platen, for dressing at the same time, constructed substantially as described.

11. Sliding the feed rolls into position for use, and removing them from the machine by means of gib slides, so that these rolls are always secured for use and in position out of use by gib slides alone, and yet allow of a free movement, and to require no additional security.

12. Suspending, and moving crosshead for cutting cylinder by screws E, which are suspended in universal bearings and by universal nuts, to allow of a free untrammeled movement for adjustment and ease in operation, and to secure the cutter head parallel to platen at any elevation from its surface.

13. A conducting spout or trough A4, so connected with crosshead or other part as to receive and conduct the shavings from the cutting cylinder and the machine to any point desired by means of the current of air set in motion by the great velocity of the cutting cylinder.

14. An elastic pressure roll C4, so combined with a rigid revolving roll D4 and scraper F4 that either can be used at pleasure, with the elastic pressure roll to plane straight and out of wind.

1 5. The iron upright C, constructed with cavity or pocketfor reception of elevating screws, when combined with bed piece of wood planing machine, all substantially in the manner or their mechanical equivalent, for the purposes fully set forth and described.

E. W. SCOTT, R. C. WRIGHT.

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