US309366A - thompson - Google Patents

Description

(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 1.

W. H. THOMPSON.

OVEN. 7 No. 309,366. Patented "Dec. 16, 1884.

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W. H. THOMPSON.

OVEN.

No. 309,366. Patented Dec. 1 1884.

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\VILTJAM HENRY THOMPSON, OE QUEEN SQUARE, LEEDS, COUNTY OF YORK, ENGLAND.

.OVEN.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 309,366, dated December 16,1884.

Application filed December 7, 1883. (No model.) latentcd in England December 21, 1$S',No. (U09.

T0 (0 1/17/0722 may concern.-

Be it known that I, \VILLLUI llnnnv THOMPSON, a subject of the Queen of Great Britain, residing at Queen Square, Leeds, in the county of York, England, engineer, have invented certain new and useful Improve ments in the Construction ot Ovens Heated by Gas, (for which I have obtained a patent in Great Britain, No. 6,109, bearing date December 21., 18532,) of which the following is a specification.

The objects of this invention are to construct hers and other ovens in such a manner that there shall be no smoke arising from the combustion of the fuel, such fuel being either ordinary coal-gas or any other suitable and available gas for the purpose; also to pro mote economy in the consumption of gas by the means and arangements for utilizing the caloric arising from or produced by the co1n bastion thereof, and also to enable the operatives to have the desired temperature under perfect control at-all times.

In constructing ovens in accordance with this invention I make use of Bunsen or other gas-burners, and place the same either vertically, horizontally, or diagonally in such a manner that the flames enter suitably-termed ilues surrounding or partially surrounding the internal walls forming the shell or lining of the oven. A sufficient number of gas-burners entering separated fines are provided in order to cause a sufficicntly high tempera ture to be distributed in and around the oven for effectually carrying out the desired operations. \Vhen Bunsen burners are used, suitable regulatingvalves are fitted to allow a proper supply of atmospheric air to enter and mix with the Suitable arrangements are also made to cause the air and gas to take up and utilize the waste heat which would otherwise pass-away to the chimney, by which means the air and gas arrive at and pass through the burners superheated, thus greatly conducing to economy. The tlues through which the heated gases pass are carried in horizontal channels under the bottom, in vcr tical or parallel tiers of horizontal channels in the sides, in horizontal channels under or over the roof-lining, and, finally, sometimes in descending channels under or over the roof-lining, and, finally, sometimes in descending channels to the foot of the chimney, and such channels may be formed of firebrick, iirc-clay, cast or wrought metal, or pipes of various sectional forms. Between the inner walls or shell of the oven and the outer walls thereof I interpose a layer or layers of wool, slag, asbestus, or other suitable non'conducting material, in order to prevent loss of heat by conduction or radiation, and to render the same economicalin fuel and etIectua-l in working. The usual fine over the door is constructed with a movable door or valve thereto, and dampers are fitted to the chimney and flues where necessary.

My said improvements are applicable and adaptable to the construction of ovens for cooking, bakingbrcad, pastry, pottery, porcelain, art-tiles, and otherwise where definite and'controllable degrees of heat are desira ble or necessary; and in order that my said invention may be clearly understood, reference is hereby made to the accompanying drawings, in which similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts in the several figu res.

Figure 1 is an external front elevation of an oven constructed in accordance with my said invention. Fig. 2 is a transverse sectional elevation, the left-hand side thereof being on the line E F of Fig. 3, and the right hand side thereof being on the line C D of Fig. 3. Fig. 3 is a longitudinal sectional elevation of the oven. Fig. 4is a plan, partly of thetop of the oven and partly 011 the lineABof Fi 3; Fig. 5, a verticalsectional view of aportion of the furnace, showing the connection of flue 1 with the chimney-flue.

The burners a are arranged as shown in Fig. 8. Doors at are provided for lighting the same. The heat arising from the combustion of the gas and air passes from the combustion-chain ber a into the lower row of metallic tubes, (1, which are embedded in sand. Under the floor of the oven a layer of sheet-lead, e, is laid, to prevent damp from rising. Over this is laid a bed of fossil-meal or other suitable nonconducting material four inches thick, to prevent loss of heat, as shown at f, Fig. 3, and upon this is laid a bed of sand, in which the lower row of metallic flucs, d, are laid. These ICO flues carry the heated gases from front to back and open into the back flue, g. This flue carries or conducts the heated products of combustion to the upper row of metallic flues, h h.

These upper flues are uncovered, and their outward surfaces are in contact with the air in the longitudinal oven-chamber a. A portion of the heat is utilized by the lower flues and passed to the floor of the oven. These tubes, however, being embedded in sand, only pass a modified portion of the heat to the floor of the oven, reserving the remainder of the useful heat for absorption by the air of the oven by means of the upper row of uncovered metallic tubes. By these means and modifications thereof I am enabled to arrange the distribution of the heat to the top and bottom of the oven, respectively, as found desirable, according to the nature of the articles, goods, or materials to which the heat is applied. The near ends of the upper metallic fiues open into atransverse flue, i, as shown in Fig. 3, and this line opens into downcast side flues,as shown in Fig. 5, which act asheat-traps, and convey theresidhe of the products of combustion downto the foot'of the chimney. Dampers 76 k, Fi 1, control the currents in these A cistern for heating water is placed upon the oven to utilize waste heat. Air is '30 allowed to enter and traverse the flues Zfor the purpose of absorbing some of the waste heat. The air is conducted to the space a, Fig. 3, where it mixes (in a highly-heated state) with the gas, and therewith is burned in the combustion-chamber c. The doors m m, Fig. l, are for the purpose of-lighting the burners, the doors a a are for the purpose of regulating the cocks of the burners, and the door 0 is for the purpose of regulating the admission of cold air to the regenerative fines.

Having thus particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said, invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I claim- The combination, with the oven having the longitudinal oven-chamber a, the rear vertical flue, g, and the combustion-chamber c, of the chimney, the top fines, h, the gas burners a, the layer of lead, 0, the layer of non-conducting material, f, the air-flues Z, the layer of sand, and the longitudinal metallic flues in the sand under the bottom wall of the ovenchamber,

substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand this 15th day of November, 1883.

WILLIAM HENRY THOMPSON.

\Vitnesses:

Gno. (J. DO\VNING, 8 Quality 0t, London. J. WATT,

l7 Gracechurch St, London.

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